saddle-boundary 0.3.2

//! The fixed unary transport boundary for Saddle 0.3.
//!
//! This crate intentionally provides no contract version negotiation, dynamic
//! function discovery, streaming, or retry policy.

use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::fmt;
use std::future::Future;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};

use tonic::transport::{Channel, Endpoint};

pub mod ingress;

pub mod proto {
    tonic::include_proto!("saddle.profusecontract.v1");
}

/// Frozen protobuf descriptor set shared by descriptor conformance gates.
pub const FILE_DESCRIPTOR_SET: &[u8] = include_bytes!(concat!(
    env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
    "/proto/saddle-boundary-descriptor.bin"
));
pub const FILE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_SHA256: &str =
    "58f18bfa99a42577c24fa245381d5d956aa97c0a6f076431fffe51f59068973d";
const MAX_TRACE_ID_BYTES: usize = 256;

pub use proto::invoke_response::Outcome;
pub use proto::{
    CallerContext, Completed, ExecutionCertainty, InvokeRequest, InvokeResponse, TechnicalCode,
    TechnicalFailure,
};

/// A fixed invocation target. `function` is Unicode and therefore preserves
/// Chinese external-function names without transliteration.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct InvocationTarget {
    pub business_unit: String,
    pub function: String,
}

impl InvocationTarget {
    pub fn new(
        business_unit: impl Into<String>,
        function: impl Into<String>,
    ) -> Result<Self, BoundaryError> {
        let target = Self {
            business_unit: business_unit.into(),
            function: function.into(),
        };
        if target.business_unit.trim().is_empty() {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request("business_unit is empty"));
        }
        if target.function.trim().is_empty() {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request("function is empty"));
        }
        Ok(target)
    }
}

impl InvokeRequest {
    /// Constructs the only request shape accepted by the boundary.
    pub fn unary(
        request_id: impl Into<String>,
        call_id: impl Into<String>,
        target: InvocationTarget,
        deadline_unix_ms: i64,
        caller_context: CallerContext,
        payload: impl Into<Vec<u8>>,
    ) -> Result<Self, BoundaryError> {
        let request = Self {
            request_id: request_id.into(),
            call_id: call_id.into(),
            business_unit: target.business_unit,
            function: target.function,
            deadline_unix_ms,
            caller_context: Some(caller_context),
            payload: payload.into(),
        };
        request.validate()?;
        Ok(request)
    }

    pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), BoundaryError> {
        for (name, value) in [
            ("request_id", self.request_id.as_str()),
            ("call_id", self.call_id.as_str()),
            ("business_unit", self.business_unit.as_str()),
            ("function", self.function.as_str()),
        ] {
            if value.trim().is_empty() {
                return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request(format!("{name} is empty")));
            }
        }
        if self.deadline_unix_ms <= 0 {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request(
                "deadline_unix_ms must be positive",
            ));
        }
        if self.caller_context.is_none() {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request("caller_context is missing"));
        }
        let caller = self
            .caller_context
            .as_ref()
            .expect("checked caller context");
        let trace = caller
            .trace_info
            .as_ref()
            .ok_or_else(|| BoundaryError::invalid_request("trace_info is missing"))?;
        let ldc = caller
            .ldc_info
            .as_ref()
            .ok_or_else(|| BoundaryError::invalid_request("ldc_info is missing"))?;
        for (name, value) in [
            ("rpc_id", trace.rpc_id.as_str()),
            ("zone", ldc.zone.as_str()),
            ("idc", ldc.idc.as_str()),
            ("env", ldc.env.as_str()),
        ] {
            if value.trim().is_empty() {
                return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request(format!("{name} is empty")));
            }
        }
        if trace.trace_id.is_empty()
            || trace.trace_id.len() > MAX_TRACE_ID_BYTES
            || trace.trace_id.chars().any(char::is_control)
        {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request("trace_id is invalid"));
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Transport-level failure. Application outcomes remain in `InvokeResponse`.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct BoundaryError {
    pub code: TechnicalCode,
    pub certainty: ExecutionCertainty,
    pub message: String,
}

impl BoundaryError {
    fn invalid_request(message: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        Self {
            code: TechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid,
            certainty: ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted,
            message: message.into(),
        }
    }

    fn transport(message: impl Into<String>, certainty: ExecutionCertainty) -> Self {
        Self {
            code: TechnicalCode::TransportFailure,
            certainty,
            message: message.into(),
        }
    }

    fn invalid_response(message: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
        Self {
            code: TechnicalCode::ContractResultInvalid,
            certainty: ExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted,
            message: message.into(),
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for BoundaryError {
    fn fmt(&self, formatter: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(
            formatter,
            "{:?}/{:?}: {}",
            self.code, self.certainty, self.message
        )
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for BoundaryError {}

/// The fixed unary invocation capability shared by the real and fake transports.
pub trait BoundaryTransport: Send + Sync {
    fn invoke(
        &self,
        request: InvokeRequest,
    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<InvokeResponse, BoundaryError>> + Send;
}

/// A configured plaintext profusecontract authority.
///
/// Alpha.4 deliberately excludes TLS, discovery, credentials, URL paths and
/// per-call endpoint selection. Configuration may choose the authority only.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct ProfuseContractEndpoint(String);

impl ProfuseContractEndpoint {
    pub fn new(endpoint: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, BoundaryError> {
        let endpoint = endpoint.into();
        let authority = endpoint.strip_prefix("http://").ok_or_else(|| {
            BoundaryError::invalid_request("profusecontract endpoint must use http://")
        })?;
        if authority.is_empty()
            || authority.contains('/')
            || authority.contains('?')
            || authority.contains('#')
            || authority.contains('@')
        {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request(
                "profusecontract endpoint must contain only an authority",
            ));
        }
        Endpoint::from_shared(endpoint.clone()).map_err(|error| {
            BoundaryError::invalid_request(format!("invalid profusecontract endpoint: {error}"))
        })?;
        Ok(Self(endpoint))
    }

    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }
}

/// Startup-frozen profusecontract authority template.
///
/// The sole substitution is `{zone}`. It is resolved from the same validated
/// invocation context that is serialized into the outbound request.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct ProfuseContractAuthorityTemplate(String);

impl ProfuseContractAuthorityTemplate {
    pub fn new(template: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, BoundaryError> {
        let template = template.into();
        if template.matches("{zone}").count() != 1
            || template.replace("{zone}", "").contains(['{', '}'])
        {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request(
                "profusecontract authority template must contain exactly one {zone}",
            ));
        }
        ProfuseContractEndpoint::new(template.replace("{zone}", "valid-zone"))?;
        Ok(Self(template))
    }

    pub fn resolve(&self, zone: &str) -> Result<ProfuseContractEndpoint, BoundaryError> {
        if zone.is_empty()
            || zone.len() > ingress::MAX_ID_BYTES
            || !zone
                .bytes()
                .all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || matches!(byte, b'-' | b'_' | b'.'))
        {
            return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_request("invalid ldc zone"));
        }
        ProfuseContractEndpoint::new(self.0.replace("{zone}", zone))
    }

    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
        &self.0
    }
}

/// A real HTTP/2 gRPC transport backed by tonic.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct TonicBoundary {
    channel: Channel,
}

impl TonicBoundary {
    pub async fn connect(endpoint: ProfuseContractEndpoint) -> Result<Self, BoundaryError> {
        let endpoint = Endpoint::from_shared(endpoint.0).map_err(|error| {
            BoundaryError::transport(error.to_string(), ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted)
        })?;
        let channel = endpoint.connect().await.map_err(|error| {
            BoundaryError::transport(error.to_string(), ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted)
        })?;
        Ok(Self { channel })
    }

    pub async fn invoke_routed(
        template: &ProfuseContractAuthorityTemplate,
        request: InvokeRequest,
    ) -> Result<InvokeResponse, BoundaryError> {
        request.validate()?;
        let caller = request
            .caller_context
            .as_ref()
            .expect("validated caller context");
        let trace = caller.trace_info.as_ref().expect("validated trace info");
        let ldc = caller.ldc_info.as_ref().expect("validated ldc info");
        let endpoint = template.resolve(&ldc.zone)?;
        let root = saddle_observability::global().and_then(|observer| {
            observer
                .start_external_call_checked(
                    "saddle",
                    ldc.zone.clone(),
                    "profusecontract",
                    "invoke",
                    Some(&trace.trace_id),
                )
                .ok()
                .map(|started| started.0)
        });
        let connect = root.as_ref().and_then(|root| {
            saddle_observability::global().map(|observer| {
                observer.start_child_call(
                    root.context(),
                    saddle_observability::CallKind::ExternalConnect,
                    ldc.zone.clone(),
                    "profusecontract",
                    "connect",
                )
            })
        });
        let boundary = match Self::connect(endpoint).await {
            Ok(boundary) => {
                if let Some(connect) = connect {
                    connect.succeed();
                }
                boundary
            }
            Err(error) => {
                if let Some(connect) = connect {
                    connect.fail(&saddle_core::SaddleError::new(
                        saddle_core::ErrorKind::Unavailable,
                        "boundary.profusecontract_connect_failed",
                        "profusecontract connect failed",
                    ));
                }
                if let Some(root) = root {
                    root.fail(&saddle_core::SaddleError::new(
                        saddle_core::ErrorKind::Unavailable,
                        "boundary.profusecontract_connect_failed",
                        "profusecontract connect failed",
                    ));
                }
                return Err(error);
            }
        };
        let unary = root.as_ref().and_then(|root| {
            saddle_observability::global().map(|observer| {
                observer.start_child_call(
                    root.context(),
                    saddle_observability::CallKind::ExternalUnary,
                    ldc.zone.clone(),
                    "profusecontract",
                    "unary",
                )
            })
        });
        let result = boundary.invoke(request).await;
        match &result {
            Ok(_) => {
                if let Some(unary) = unary {
                    unary.succeed();
                }
                if let Some(root) = root {
                    root.succeed();
                }
            }
            Err(_) => {
                let failure = saddle_core::SaddleError::new(
                    saddle_core::ErrorKind::Unavailable,
                    "boundary.profusecontract_unary_failed",
                    "profusecontract unary failed",
                );
                if let Some(unary) = unary {
                    unary.fail(&failure);
                }
                if let Some(root) = root {
                    root.fail(&failure);
                }
            }
        }
        result
    }
}

impl BoundaryTransport for TonicBoundary {
    async fn invoke(&self, request: InvokeRequest) -> Result<InvokeResponse, BoundaryError> {
        request.validate()?;
        let timeout = deadline_timeout(request.deadline_unix_ms)?;
        let identity = (request.request_id.clone(), request.call_id.clone());
        let mut client =
            proto::profuse_contract_boundary_client::ProfuseContractBoundaryClient::new(
                self.channel.clone(),
            );
        let mut tonic_request = tonic::Request::new(request);
        tonic_request.set_timeout(timeout);
        let response = client
            .invoke(tonic_request)
            .await
            .map(tonic::Response::into_inner)
            .map_err(|status| {
                BoundaryError::transport(status.to_string(), ExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted)
            })?;
        validate_response(&identity, &response)?;
        Ok(response)
    }
}

fn deadline_timeout(deadline_unix_ms: i64) -> Result<Duration, BoundaryError> {
    let deadline = u64::try_from(deadline_unix_ms)
        .ok()
        .and_then(|millis| UNIX_EPOCH.checked_add(Duration::from_millis(millis)))
        .ok_or_else(|| BoundaryError::invalid_request("deadline_unix_ms is invalid"))?;
    deadline
        .duration_since(SystemTime::now())
        .map_err(|_| BoundaryError {
            code: TechnicalCode::DeadlineExceeded,
            certainty: ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted,
            message: "absolute deadline has elapsed".into(),
        })
}

/// A deterministic test kit for the fixed boundary.
///
/// Scripts accept typed protobuf results rather than raw bytes. Observations
/// expose only stable call metadata, never the payload or tonic channel.
#[derive(Clone, Default)]
pub struct FakeProfuseContractBoundary {
    state: Arc<Mutex<FakeState>>,
}

#[derive(Default)]
struct FakeState {
    scripted: VecDeque<FakeStep>,
    observed: Vec<FakeAttempt>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum FakeTechnicalCode {
    FunctionNotFound,
    FunctionRequestInvalid,
    CapacityRejected,
    DeadlineExceeded,
    DependencyUnavailable,
    ContractResultInvalid,
    InternalFailure,
    TransportFailure,
}

impl From<FakeTechnicalCode> for TechnicalCode {
    fn from(code: FakeTechnicalCode) -> Self {
        match code {
            FakeTechnicalCode::FunctionNotFound => Self::FunctionNotFound,
            FakeTechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid => Self::FunctionRequestInvalid,
            FakeTechnicalCode::CapacityRejected => Self::CapacityRejected,
            FakeTechnicalCode::DeadlineExceeded => Self::DeadlineExceeded,
            FakeTechnicalCode::DependencyUnavailable => Self::DependencyUnavailable,
            FakeTechnicalCode::ContractResultInvalid => Self::ContractResultInvalid,
            FakeTechnicalCode::InternalFailure => Self::InternalFailure,
            FakeTechnicalCode::TransportFailure => Self::TransportFailure,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub enum FakeExecutionCertainty {
    NotExecuted,
    Executed,
    MayHaveExecuted,
}

impl From<FakeExecutionCertainty> for ExecutionCertainty {
    fn from(certainty: FakeExecutionCertainty) -> Self {
        match certainty {
            FakeExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted => Self::NotExecuted,
            FakeExecutionCertainty::Executed => Self::Executed,
            FakeExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted => Self::MayHaveExecuted,
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct FakeStep {
    outcome: FakeStepOutcome,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
enum FakeStepOutcome {
    Completed(Vec<u8>),
    TechnicalFailure(FakeTechnicalCode, FakeExecutionCertainty),
}

impl FakeStep {
    pub fn completed<M: prost::Message>(result: &M) -> Self {
        Self {
            outcome: FakeStepOutcome::Completed(result.encode_to_vec()),
        }
    }

    pub const fn technical_failure(
        code: FakeTechnicalCode,
        certainty: FakeExecutionCertainty,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            outcome: FakeStepOutcome::TechnicalFailure(code, certainty),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct FakeAttempt {
    pub count: usize,
    pub request_id: String,
    pub call_id: String,
    pub user_id: String,
    pub trace_id: String,
    pub rpc_id: String,
    pub zone: String,
    pub idc: String,
    pub env: String,
    pub function: String,
    pub deadline_unix_ms: i64,
}

impl FakeProfuseContractBoundary {
    pub fn scripted(steps: impl IntoIterator<Item = FakeStep>) -> Self {
        Self {
            state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(FakeState {
                scripted: steps.into_iter().collect(),
                observed: Vec::new(),
            })),
        }
    }

    pub fn attempts(&self) -> Vec<FakeAttempt> {
        self.state
            .lock()
            .expect("fake boundary mutex poisoned")
            .observed
            .clone()
    }

    pub fn attempt_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.state
            .lock()
            .expect("fake boundary mutex poisoned")
            .observed
            .len()
    }
}

impl BoundaryTransport for FakeProfuseContractBoundary {
    async fn invoke(&self, request: InvokeRequest) -> Result<InvokeResponse, BoundaryError> {
        request.validate()?;
        let identity = (request.request_id.clone(), request.call_id.clone());
        let mut state = self.state.lock().expect("fake boundary mutex poisoned");
        let count = state.observed.len() + 1;
        let caller = request
            .caller_context
            .as_ref()
            .expect("validated caller context");
        let trace = caller.trace_info.as_ref().expect("validated trace info");
        let ldc = caller.ldc_info.as_ref().expect("validated ldc info");
        state.observed.push(FakeAttempt {
            count,
            request_id: request.request_id,
            call_id: request.call_id,
            user_id: caller.user_id.clone(),
            trace_id: trace.trace_id.clone(),
            rpc_id: trace.rpc_id.clone(),
            zone: ldc.zone.clone(),
            idc: ldc.idc.clone(),
            env: ldc.env.clone(),
            function: request.function,
            deadline_unix_ms: request.deadline_unix_ms,
        });
        let step = state.scripted.pop_front().ok_or_else(|| {
            BoundaryError::transport(
                "fake response script exhausted",
                ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted,
            )
        })?;
        let outcome = match step.outcome {
            FakeStepOutcome::Completed(result) => Outcome::Completed(Completed { result }),
            FakeStepOutcome::TechnicalFailure(code, certainty) => {
                Outcome::TechnicalFailure(TechnicalFailure {
                    code: TechnicalCode::from(code) as i32,
                    certainty: ExecutionCertainty::from(certainty) as i32,
                })
            }
        };
        let response = InvokeResponse {
            request_id: identity.0.clone(),
            call_id: identity.1.clone(),
            outcome: Some(outcome),
        };
        validate_response(&identity, &response)?;
        Ok(response)
    }
}

fn validate_response(
    request_identity: &(String, String),
    response: &InvokeResponse,
) -> Result<(), BoundaryError> {
    if response.request_id != request_identity.0 || response.call_id != request_identity.1 {
        return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_response(
            "response identity mismatch",
        ));
    }
    match response.outcome.as_ref() {
        Some(Outcome::Completed(_)) => Ok(()),
        Some(Outcome::TechnicalFailure(failure)) => {
            if TechnicalCode::try_from(failure.code)
                .ok()
                .filter(|code| *code != TechnicalCode::Unspecified)
                .is_none()
            {
                return Err(BoundaryError::invalid_response(
                    "technical failure code is unspecified or unknown",
                ));
            }
            match ExecutionCertainty::try_from(failure.certainty).ok() {
                Some(
                    ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted
                    | ExecutionCertainty::Executed
                    | ExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted,
                ) => Ok(()),
                _ => Err(BoundaryError::invalid_response(
                    "execution certainty is unspecified or unknown",
                )),
            }
        }
        None => Err(BoundaryError::invalid_response(
            "response outcome is missing",
        )),
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use prost::Message;
    use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};

    #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, prost::Message)]
    struct TypedResult {
        #[prost(string, tag = "1")]
        value: String,
    }

    fn request() -> InvokeRequest {
        InvokeRequest::unary(
            "request-1",
            "call-1",
            InvocationTarget::new("交易", "创建订单").unwrap(),
            1_800_000_000_000,
            CallerContext {
                user_id: "用户甲".into(),
                trace_info: Some(proto::TraceInfo {
                    trace_id: "trace-1".into(),
                    rpc_id: "0.1".into(),
                }),
                ldc_info: Some(proto::LdcInfo {
                    zone: "z1".into(),
                    idc: "i1".into(),
                    env: "test".into(),
                }),
            },
            br#"{"amount":1}"#.to_vec(),
        )
        .unwrap()
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn fake_is_scripted_and_records_unicode_target() {
        let fake = FakeProfuseContractBoundary::scripted([FakeStep::completed(&TypedResult {
            value: "完成".into(),
        })]);
        let response = fake.invoke(request()).await.unwrap();
        let Some(Outcome::Completed(completed)) = response.outcome else {
            panic!("expected completed outcome")
        };
        assert_eq!(
            TypedResult::decode(completed.result.as_slice())
                .unwrap()
                .value,
            "完成"
        );
        let observed = fake.attempts();
        assert_eq!(fake.attempt_count(), 1);
        assert_eq!(observed[0].count, 1);
        assert_eq!(observed[0].request_id, "request-1");
        assert_eq!(observed[0].call_id, "call-1");
        assert_eq!(observed[0].user_id, "用户甲");
        assert_eq!(observed[0].function, "创建订单");
        assert_eq!(observed[0].deadline_unix_ms, 1_800_000_000_000);
    }

    #[test]
    fn invocation_envelope_rejects_noncanonical_trace_storage() {
        let mut request = request();
        request
            .caller_context
            .as_mut()
            .unwrap()
            .trace_info
            .as_mut()
            .unwrap()
            .trace_id = "bad\ntrace".into();
        assert_eq!(
            request.validate().unwrap_err().code,
            TechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid
        );
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn fake_exhaustion_is_not_executed() {
        let error = FakeProfuseContractBoundary::default()
            .invoke(request())
            .await
            .unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(error.code, TechnicalCode::TransportFailure);
        assert_eq!(error.certainty, ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted);
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn fake_scripts_all_failure_codes_and_certainties() {
        let codes = [
            FakeTechnicalCode::FunctionNotFound,
            FakeTechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid,
            FakeTechnicalCode::CapacityRejected,
            FakeTechnicalCode::DeadlineExceeded,
            FakeTechnicalCode::DependencyUnavailable,
            FakeTechnicalCode::ContractResultInvalid,
            FakeTechnicalCode::InternalFailure,
            FakeTechnicalCode::TransportFailure,
        ];
        let certainties = [
            FakeExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted,
            FakeExecutionCertainty::Executed,
            FakeExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted,
        ];
        for code in codes {
            for certainty in certainties {
                let fake = FakeProfuseContractBoundary::scripted([FakeStep::technical_failure(
                    code, certainty,
                )]);
                let response = fake.invoke(request()).await.unwrap();
                let Some(Outcome::TechnicalFailure(failure)) = response.outcome else {
                    panic!("expected technical failure")
                };
                assert_eq!(failure.code, TechnicalCode::from(code) as i32);
                assert_eq!(
                    failure.certainty,
                    ExecutionCertainty::from(certainty) as i32
                );
                assert_eq!(fake.attempt_count(), 1);
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn conditional_branch_can_assert_not_called() {
        let fake = FakeProfuseContractBoundary::scripted([FakeStep::completed(&TypedResult {
            value: "unused".into(),
        })]);
        assert_eq!(fake.attempt_count(), 0);
        assert!(fake.attempts().is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn certainty_has_exactly_three_executable_states() {
        assert_eq!(ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted as i32, 1);
        assert_eq!(ExecutionCertainty::Executed as i32, 2);
        assert_eq!(ExecutionCertainty::MayHaveExecuted as i32, 3);
    }

    #[test]
    fn endpoint_is_configurable_but_has_no_tls_path_or_credentials() {
        let endpoint = ProfuseContractEndpoint::new("http://127.0.0.1:50051").unwrap();
        assert_eq!(endpoint.as_str(), "http://127.0.0.1:50051");
        for invalid in [
            "https://contracts.example",
            "http://user@contracts.example",
            "http://contracts.example/service",
            "dns:///contracts.example",
        ] {
            let error = ProfuseContractEndpoint::new(invalid).unwrap_err();
            assert_eq!(error.code, TechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid);
            assert_eq!(error.certainty, ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn authority_template_accepts_only_one_validated_zone_substitution() {
        let template =
            ProfuseContractAuthorityTemplate::new("http://profusecontract-{zone}.internal:50051")
                .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            template.resolve("cn-shanghai-1").unwrap().as_str(),
            "http://profusecontract-cn-shanghai-1.internal:50051"
        );
        for invalid in [
            "http://fixed.internal:50051",
            "http://{zone}.{zone}.internal:50051",
            "http://{region}.internal:50051",
        ] {
            assert!(ProfuseContractAuthorityTemplate::new(invalid).is_err());
        }
        for invalid_zone in ["", "../admin", "zone:50052", "zone/name"] {
            assert!(template.resolve(invalid_zone).is_err());
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn elapsed_absolute_deadline_fails_before_transport() {
        let error = deadline_timeout(1).unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(error.code, TechnicalCode::DeadlineExceeded);
        assert_eq!(error.certainty, ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted);
    }

    #[test]
    fn empty_dynamic_target_is_rejected() {
        let error = InvocationTarget::new("交易", " ").unwrap_err();
        assert_eq!(error.code, TechnicalCode::FunctionRequestInvalid);
        assert_eq!(error.certainty, ExecutionCertainty::NotExecuted);
    }

    #[test]
    fn frozen_descriptor_has_one_generic_unary_boundary() {
        let actual = format!("{:x}", Sha256::digest(FILE_DESCRIPTOR_SET));
        assert_eq!(actual, FILE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_SHA256);
        let descriptor = prost_types::FileDescriptorSet::decode(FILE_DESCRIPTOR_SET).unwrap();
        let boundary = descriptor
            .file
            .iter()
            .find(|file| file.package.as_deref() == Some("saddle.profusecontract.v1"))
            .unwrap();
        let service = &boundary.service[0];
        assert_eq!(service.name.as_deref(), Some("ProfuseContractBoundary"));
        assert_eq!(service.method.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(service.method[0].name.as_deref(), Some("Invoke"));
        assert!(!service.method[0].client_streaming.unwrap_or(false));
        assert!(!service.method[0].server_streaming.unwrap_or(false));
    }
}