rustyml 0.17.0

Machine learning models, neural networks, metrics, and data utilities in Rust
Documentation 
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//! ReLU activation layer
//!
//! The `ReLU` struct holds only the shape recorded at build time, because the layer takes no
//! parameter. `UnaryLayer::forward` computes `Activation::ReLU` and caches the output during
//! training. `UnaryLayer::backward` reads that cache to compute the gradient

use crate::error::Error;
use crate::neural_network::layers::ParamCounts;
use crate::neural_network::layers::activation::{Activation, ActivationCache, ActivationInput};
use crate::neural_network::layers::validation::start_build;
use crate::neural_network::layers::{
    built_layer_shape_functions, no_trainable_parameters_layer_functions,
};
use crate::neural_network::traits::{LayerBase, UnaryLayer};
use crate::neural_network::{Ctx, Shape, Tensor};

/// ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) activation layer
///
/// Applies `max(0, x)` elementwise to the input tensor, keeping the original shape.
/// Common inputs include 2D tensors for dense layers and 4D tensors for convolutional layers
///
/// [`Activation::ReLU`] provides the activation math. This layer only adds boundary
/// validation and the caching needed for backpropagation
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use rustyml::neural_network::Shape;
/// use rustyml::neural_network::sequential::SequentialBuilder;
/// use rustyml::neural_network::layers::activation::relu::ReLU;
/// use rustyml::neural_network::optimizers::*;
/// use rustyml::neural_network::losses::MeanSquaredError;
/// use ndarray::Array2;
///
/// // Create a 2D input tensor.
/// let x = Array2::from_shape_vec((2, 3), vec![-1.0, 2.0, -3.0, 4.0, -5.0, 6.0])
///     .unwrap()
///     .into_dyn();
///
/// // Build a model with ReLU activation.
/// let mut model = SequentialBuilder::new()
///     .add(ReLU::new())
///     .build(&Shape::known(x.shape()))
///     .unwrap();
/// model.compile(SGD::new(0.01, 0.0, false, 0.0).unwrap(), MeanSquaredError::new());
///
/// // Forward propagation.
/// let output = model.predict(&x);
///
/// // Output will be: [[0.0, 2.0, 0.0], [4.0, 0.0, 6.0]].
/// ```
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ReLU {
    /// Shape the layer was built for, batch axis first. `None` before the build
    built: Option<Shape>,
}

impl ReLU {
    /// Creates a new ReLU activation layer
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Self` - A new `ReLU` layer
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        ReLU { built: None }
    }
}

impl Default for ReLU {
    /// Creates the default ReLU layer.
    ///
    /// # Default Values
    ///
    /// Uses the configuration from [`Self::new`].
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Self` - The default layer.
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

impl LayerBase for ReLU {
    fn layer_type(&self) -> &str {
        "ReLU"
    }

    built_layer_shape_functions!();

    no_trainable_parameters_layer_functions!();
}

impl UnaryLayer for ReLU {
    /// Records the shape the layer serves. The layer holds no array, so nothing is allocated
    fn build(&mut self, input: &Shape) -> Result<(), Error> {
        let Some(built) = start_build(&self.built, "ReLU", input)? else {
            return Ok(());
        };
        self.compute_output_shape(&built)?;
        self.built = Some(built);
        Ok(())
    }

    fn forward(&self, input: &Tensor, ctx: &mut Ctx) -> Result<Tensor, Error> {
        if input.is_empty() {
            return Err(Error::empty_input("input tensor"));
        }

        let output = Activation::ReLU.forward(input)?;

        // The backward pass reads the output, so the cache holds a copy of it
        if ctx.is_training() {
            ctx.push_cache(
                "ReLU",
                ActivationCache::new(ActivationInput::Output, output.clone()),
            );
        }

        Ok(output)
    }

    fn backward(&self, grad_output: &Tensor, ctx: &mut Ctx) -> Result<Tensor, Error> {
        let cache: ActivationCache = ctx.pop_cache("ReLU")?;

        // ReLU derivative is 1 for x > 0, and 0 for x <= 0
        Activation::ReLU.backward(&cache, grad_output)
    }
}