use crate::bitboard::*;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
extern crate rand;
use rand::Rng;
use std::io::{BufWriter, Write};
pub type Rank = usize;
pub type File = usize;
pub type Square = usize;
pub const NUM_RANKS: usize = 8;
pub const LAST_RANK: Rank = NUM_RANKS - 1;
pub const ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK: Rank = LAST_RANK - 1;
pub const TWO_BEFORE_LAST_RANK: Rank = LAST_RANK - 2;
pub const NUM_FILES: usize = 8;
pub const LAST_FILE: File = NUM_FILES - 1;
pub const ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE: File = LAST_FILE - 1;
pub const TWO_BEFORE_LAST_FILE: File = LAST_FILE - 2;
pub const BOARD_AREA: usize = NUM_RANKS * NUM_FILES;
pub enum Delta {
N,
NE,
NNE,
NEE,
E,
SE,
SEE,
SSE,
S,
SW,
SSW,
SWW,
W,
NW,
NWW,
NNW,
}
pub trait DeltaBuffer {
fn len(&self) -> usize;
fn get(&self, i: usize) -> Δ
}
impl DeltaBuffer for [Delta; 4] {
fn len(&self) -> usize {
4
}
fn get(&self, i: usize) -> &Delta {
return &self[i];
}
}
impl DeltaBuffer for [Delta; 8] {
fn len(&self) -> usize {
8
}
fn get(&self, i: usize) -> &Delta {
return &self[i];
}
}
pub const KNIGHT_DELTAS: [Delta; 8] = [
Delta::NNE,
Delta::NEE,
Delta::SEE,
Delta::SSE,
Delta::SSW,
Delta::SWW,
Delta::NWW,
Delta::NNW,
];
pub const BISHOP_DELTAS: [Delta; 4] = [Delta::NE, Delta::SE, Delta::SW, Delta::NW];
pub const ROOK_DELTAS: [Delta; 4] = [Delta::N, Delta::E, Delta::S, Delta::W];
pub const QUEEN_DELTAS: [Delta; 8] = [
Delta::N,
Delta::NE,
Delta::E,
Delta::SE,
Delta::S,
Delta::SW,
Delta::W,
Delta::NW,
];
pub const RANK_SHIFT: usize = 3;
pub const FILE_MASK: usize = (1 << RANK_SHIFT) - 1;
pub const RANK_1: Rank = 0;
pub const RANK_2: Rank = 1;
pub const RANK_3: Rank = 2;
pub const RANK_4: Rank = 3;
pub const RANK_5: Rank = 4;
pub const RANK_6: Rank = 5;
pub const RANK_7: Rank = 6;
pub const RANK_8: Rank = 7;
pub const FILE_A: File = 0;
pub const FILE_B: File = 1;
pub const FILE_C: File = 2;
pub const FILE_D: File = 3;
pub const FILE_E: File = 4;
pub const FILE_F: File = 5;
pub const FILE_G: File = 6;
pub const FILE_H: File = 7;
pub const SQUARE_A1: Square = 0;
pub const SQUARE_B1: Square = 1;
pub const SQUARE_C1: Square = 2;
pub const SQUARE_D1: Square = 3;
pub const SQUARE_E1: Square = 4;
pub const SQUARE_F1: Square = 5;
pub const SQUARE_G1: Square = 6;
pub const SQUARE_H1: Square = 7;
pub const SQUARE_A2: Square = 8;
pub const SQUARE_B2: Square = 9;
pub const SQUARE_C2: Square = 10;
pub const SQUARE_D2: Square = 11;
pub const SQUARE_E2: Square = 12;
pub const SQUARE_F2: Square = 13;
pub const SQUARE_G2: Square = 14;
pub const SQUARE_H2: Square = 15;
pub const SQUARE_A3: Square = 16;
pub const SQUARE_B3: Square = 17;
pub const SQUARE_C3: Square = 18;
pub const SQUARE_D3: Square = 19;
pub const SQUARE_E3: Square = 20;
pub const SQUARE_F3: Square = 21;
pub const SQUARE_G3: Square = 22;
pub const SQUARE_H3: Square = 23;
pub const SQUARE_A4: Square = 24;
pub const SQUARE_B4: Square = 25;
pub const SQUARE_C4: Square = 26;
pub const SQUARE_D4: Square = 27;
pub const SQUARE_E4: Square = 28;
pub const SQUARE_F4: Square = 29;
pub const SQUARE_G4: Square = 30;
pub const SQUARE_H4: Square = 31;
pub const SQUARE_A5: Square = 32;
pub const SQUARE_B5: Square = 33;
pub const SQUARE_C5: Square = 34;
pub const SQUARE_D5: Square = 35;
pub const SQUARE_E5: Square = 36;
pub const SQUARE_F5: Square = 37;
pub const SQUARE_G5: Square = 38;
pub const SQUARE_H5: Square = 39;
pub const SQUARE_A6: Square = 40;
pub const SQUARE_B6: Square = 41;
pub const SQUARE_C6: Square = 42;
pub const SQUARE_D6: Square = 43;
pub const SQUARE_E6: Square = 44;
pub const SQUARE_F6: Square = 45;
pub const SQUARE_G6: Square = 46;
pub const SQUARE_H6: Square = 47;
pub const SQUARE_A7: Square = 48;
pub const SQUARE_B7: Square = 49;
pub const SQUARE_C7: Square = 50;
pub const SQUARE_D7: Square = 51;
pub const SQUARE_E7: Square = 52;
pub const SQUARE_F7: Square = 53;
pub const SQUARE_G7: Square = 54;
pub const SQUARE_H7: Square = 55;
pub const SQUARE_A8: Square = 56;
pub const SQUARE_B8: Square = 57;
pub const SQUARE_C8: Square = 58;
pub const SQUARE_D8: Square = 59;
pub const SQUARE_E8: Square = 60;
pub const SQUARE_F8: Square = 61;
pub const SQUARE_G8: Square = 62;
pub const SQUARE_H8: Square = 63;
pub const FILE_NAMES: [char; 8] = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h'];
pub fn rank_file(rank: Rank, file: File) -> Square {
rank * NUM_FILES + file
}
pub trait SquareTrait {
fn rank(self) -> Rank;
fn file(self) -> File;
fn uci(self) -> String;
fn bitboard(self) -> Bitboard;
fn add_delta(self, delta: &Delta) -> (Square, bool);
fn add_delta_occup(self, delta: &Delta, occup: Bitboard) -> (Square, bool);
}
impl SquareTrait for Square {
fn rank(self) -> Rank {
self >> RANK_SHIFT
}
fn file(self) -> File {
self & FILE_MASK
}
fn uci(self) -> String {
format!("{}{}", FILE_NAMES[self.file()], self.rank() + 1)
}
fn bitboard(self) -> Bitboard {
1 << (LAST_FILE - self.file()) + self.rank() * NUM_FILES
}
fn add_delta(self, delta: &Delta) -> (Square, bool) {
let file = self.file();
let rank = self.rank();
match delta {
Delta::N => {
return if rank > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 1, file), true)
}
}
Delta::NE => {
return if rank > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 1, file + 1), true)
}
}
Delta::NNE => {
return if rank > TWO_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 2, file + 1), true)
}
}
Delta::NEE => {
return if rank > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file > TWO_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 1, file + 2), true)
}
}
Delta::E => {
return if file > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank, file + 1), true)
}
}
Delta::SE => {
return if rank < 1 || file > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 1, file + 1), true)
}
}
Delta::SEE => {
return if rank < 1 || file > TWO_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 1, file + 2), true)
}
}
Delta::SSE => {
return if rank < 2 || file > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_FILE {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 2, file + 1), true)
}
}
Delta::S => {
return if rank < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 1, file), true)
}
}
Delta::SW => {
return if rank < 1 || file < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 1, file - 1), true)
}
}
Delta::SSW => {
return if rank < 2 || file < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 2, file - 1), true)
}
}
Delta::SWW => {
return if rank < 1 || file < 2 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank - 1, file - 2), true)
}
}
Delta::W => {
return if file < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank, file - 1), true)
}
}
Delta::NW => {
return if rank > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 1, file - 1), true)
}
}
Delta::NWW => {
return if rank > ONE_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file < 2 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 1, file - 2), true)
}
}
Delta::NNW => {
return if rank > TWO_BEFORE_LAST_RANK || file < 1 {
(0, false)
} else {
(rank_file(rank + 2, file - 1), true)
}
}
}
}
fn add_delta_occup(self, delta: &Delta, occup: Bitboard) -> (Square, bool) {
let (sq, ok) = self.add_delta(delta);
if !ok {
return (0, false);
}
if sq.bitboard() & occup != 0 {
return (0, false);
}
return (sq, true);
}
}
pub fn jump_attack<T: DeltaBuffer>(sq: Square, deltas: &T, occup: Bitboard) -> Bitboard {
let mut bb: Bitboard = 0;
for i in 0..deltas.len() {
let (test_sq, ok) = sq.add_delta_occup(deltas.get(i), occup);
if ok {
bb |= test_sq.bitboard();
}
}
bb
}
pub fn sliding_attack<T: DeltaBuffer>(sq: Square, deltas: &T, occup: Bitboard) -> Bitboard {
let mut bb: Bitboard = 0;
for i in 0..deltas.len() {
let mut test_sq = sq;
loop {
let (new_test_sq, ok) = test_sq.add_delta_occup(deltas.get(i), occup);
if ok {
test_sq = new_test_sq;
bb |= test_sq.bitboard();
} else {
break;
}
}
}
bb
}
pub type AttackTable = [Bitboard; BOARD_AREA];
pub const EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE: AttackTable = [
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
];
pub static KNIGHT_ATTACK: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = jump_attack(sq, &KNIGHT_DELTAS, 0);
}
at
});
pub static BISHOP_ATTACK: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = sliding_attack(sq, &BISHOP_DELTAS, 0);
}
at
});
pub static ROOK_ATTACK: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = sliding_attack(sq, &ROOK_DELTAS, 0);
}
at
});
pub static QUEEN_ATTACK: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = sliding_attack(sq, &QUEEN_DELTAS, 0);
}
at
});
pub static KING_ATTACK: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = jump_attack(sq, &QUEEN_DELTAS, 0);
}
at
});
pub static KING_AREA: Lazy<AttackTable> = Lazy::new(|| {
let mut at = EMPTY_ATTACK_TABLE;
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
at[sq] = jump_attack(sq, &QUEEN_DELTAS, 0) | sq.bitboard();
}
at
});
pub fn translate_mask_to_occupancy(mask: usize, mobility: Bitboard) -> Bitboard {
let mut occup: Bitboard = 0;
let mut mob = mobility;
let mut m = mask;
loop {
let (bb, ok) = mob.pop_bitboard();
if ok {
if m & 1 != 0 {
occup |= bb;
}
m >>= 1;
} else {
return occup;
}
}
}
pub fn new_magic() -> u64 {
rand::thread_rng().gen::<u64>()
}
pub fn mobility_index(mobility: Bitboard, magic: u64, shift: usize) -> usize {
let (result, _) = mobility.overflowing_mul(magic);
(result >> (64 - shift)) as usize
}
pub fn detect_collision(magic: u64, shift: usize, mobility: Bitboard) -> bool {
let variations = mobility.variation_count();
let mut mapped = vec![(false, 0); 1 << shift];
let mut mask: usize = 0;
loop {
if mask < variations {
let occup = translate_mask_to_occupancy(mask, mobility);
let index = mobility_index(occup, magic, shift);
let (used, bb) = mapped[index];
if used {
if bb != occup {
return true;
}
} else {
mapped[index] = (true, occup);
}
mask += 1;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
pub fn find_magic_for_shift(shift: usize, mobility: Bitboard, max_tries: usize) -> (u64, bool) {
for _ in 0..max_tries {
let magic = new_magic();
if !detect_collision(magic, shift, mobility) {
return (magic, true);
}
}
return (0, false);
}
pub fn find_magic_and_shift(
mobility: Bitboard,
max_shift: usize,
min_shift: usize,
max_tries: usize,
) -> (u64, usize, bool) {
let mut last_good_shift: usize = 0;
let mut last_good_magic: u64 = 0;
let mut has_magic = false;
for i in 0..(max_shift - min_shift + 1) {
let shift = max_shift - i;
let (magic, ok) = find_magic_for_shift(shift, mobility, max_tries);
if ok {
last_good_shift = shift;
last_good_magic = magic;
has_magic = true;
}
}
if has_magic {
return (last_good_magic, last_good_shift, true);
}
return (0, 0, false);
}
pub fn magic_attack(sq: Square, attack: Bitboard) -> Bitboard {
let mut mask = BITBOARD_MIDDLE;
if sq.rank() == 0 {
mask |= BITBOARD_RANK_1_MIDDLE;
}
if sq.rank() == LAST_RANK {
mask |= BITBOARD_RANK_8_MIDDLE;
}
if sq.file() == 0 {
mask |= BITBOARD_FILE_A_MIDDLE;
}
if sq.file() == LAST_FILE {
mask |= BITBOARD_FILE_H_MIDDLE;
}
attack & mask
}
pub fn log_find_magic_and_shift(
bw: &mut BufWriter<std::fs::File>,
sq: Square,
attack: Bitboard,
name: &str,
) {
let data = format!(
"{}\nmobility for {} at square {} , count {}\n\n",
attack.pretty_print_string(),
name,
sq.uci(),
attack.count_ones()
);
(*bw)
.write_all(data.as_bytes())
.expect("Unable to write data.");
println!("{}", data);
let result = find_magic_and_shift(attack, 20, 7, 100);
let data = format!(
"magic kind {} square {} magic {:016X} shift {}\n\n",
name,
sq.uci(),
result.0,
result.1
);
(*bw)
.write_all(data.as_bytes())
.expect("Unable to write data.");
println!("{}", data);
}
pub fn find_and_log_magics() {
let file = std::fs::File::create("magics.txt").expect("Error: Unable to create magics file.");
let mut bw = BufWriter::new(file);
for sq in 0..BOARD_AREA {
log_find_magic_and_shift(&mut bw, sq, magic_attack(sq, ROOK_ATTACK[sq]), "rook");
log_find_magic_and_shift(&mut bw, sq, magic_attack(sq, BISHOP_ATTACK[sq]), "bishop");
}
}