rtc-interceptor 0.9.0

RTC Interceptor in Rust
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
//! Integration tests for NACK (Negative Acknowledgement) interceptors.
//!
//! These tests verify that the interceptor chain correctly:
//! - Generates NACK requests for missing packets
//! - Retransmits packets when NACK requests are received
//! - Supports RFC4588 RTX retransmission
//! - Properly tracks stream binding/unbinding

use rtc_interceptor::{
    Interceptor, NackGeneratorBuilder, NackResponderBuilder, Packet, RTCPFeedback, Registry,
    StreamInfo, TaggedPacket,
};
use sansio::Protocol;
use shared::TransportContext;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

// =============================================================================
// Helper Functions
// =============================================================================

/// Helper to create a tagged RTP packet with specific parameters.
fn create_rtp_packet(ssrc: u32, seq: u16, timestamp: u32, payload_len: usize) -> TaggedPacket {
    let mut payload = vec![0u8; payload_len];
    for (i, byte) in payload.iter_mut().enumerate() {
        *byte = (i % 256) as u8;
    }

    TaggedPacket {
        now: Instant::now(),
        transport: TransportContext::default(),
        message: Packet::Rtp(rtp::Packet {
            header: rtp::header::Header {
                ssrc,
                sequence_number: seq,
                timestamp,
                payload_type: 96,
                ..Default::default()
            },
            payload: payload.into(),
        }),
    }
}

/// Helper to create a tagged RTP packet with custom timestamp.
fn create_rtp_packet_with_time(
    now: Instant,
    ssrc: u32,
    seq: u16,
    timestamp: u32,
    payload_len: usize,
) -> TaggedPacket {
    let mut pkt = create_rtp_packet(ssrc, seq, timestamp, payload_len);
    pkt.now = now;
    pkt
}

/// Stream info with NACK support.
fn nack_stream_info(ssrc: u32) -> StreamInfo {
    StreamInfo {
        ssrc,
        clock_rate: 90000,
        mime_type: "video/VP8".to_string(),
        payload_type: 96,
        rtcp_feedback: vec![RTCPFeedback {
            typ: "nack".to_string(),
            parameter: String::new(),
        }],
        ..Default::default()
    }
}

/// Stream info with NACK and RTX support.
fn nack_rtx_stream_info(ssrc: u32, rtx_ssrc: u32, rtx_pt: u8) -> StreamInfo {
    StreamInfo {
        ssrc,
        ssrc_rtx: Some(rtx_ssrc),
        clock_rate: 90000,
        mime_type: "video/VP8".to_string(),
        payload_type: 96,
        payload_type_rtx: Some(rtx_pt),
        rtcp_feedback: vec![RTCPFeedback {
            typ: "nack".to_string(),
            parameter: String::new(),
        }],
        ..Default::default()
    }
}

/// Stream info without NACK support.
fn no_nack_stream_info(ssrc: u32) -> StreamInfo {
    StreamInfo {
        ssrc,
        clock_rate: 90000,
        mime_type: "video/VP8".to_string(),
        payload_type: 96,
        rtcp_feedback: vec![],
        ..Default::default()
    }
}

/// Create a NACK RTCP packet.
fn create_nack_packet(
    now: Instant,
    sender_ssrc: u32,
    media_ssrc: u32,
    nacks: Vec<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::NackPair>,
) -> TaggedPacket {
    let nack = rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack {
        sender_ssrc,
        media_ssrc,
        nacks,
    };

    TaggedPacket {
        now,
        transport: TransportContext::default(),
        message: Packet::Rtcp(vec![Box::new(nack)]),
    }
}

// =============================================================================
// NACK Generator Tests
// =============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_nack_generator_detects_packet_loss() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0x12345678;
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Receive packets with a gap: 0, 1, 2, skip 3-5, 6, 7
    for seq in [0u16, 1, 2, 6, 7] {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain RTP packets
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Trigger timeout to generate NACK
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Check for NACK in output
    let mut nack_found = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                {
                    assert_eq!(nack.media_ssrc, ssrc);
                    nack_found = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(nack_found, "NACK should be generated for missing packets");
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_generator_no_nack_for_sequential_packets() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0x12345678;
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Receive sequential packets without gaps
    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain RTP packets
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Trigger timeout
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Should not have any NACK
    let mut nack_found = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                    .is_some()
                {
                    nack_found = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        !nack_found,
        "No NACK should be generated for sequential packets"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_generator_ignores_streams_without_nack_support() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0x12345678;
    // Bind stream WITHOUT NACK support
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&no_nack_stream_info(ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Receive packets with a gap
    for seq in [0u16, 1, 2, 10, 11] {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain and trigger timeout
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Should not generate NACK for unsupported stream
    let mut nack_found = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                    .is_some()
                {
                    nack_found = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        !nack_found,
        "No NACK should be generated for streams without NACK support"
    );
}

// =============================================================================
// NACK Responder Tests
// =============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_nack_responder_retransmits_packet() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0xABCDEF00;
    chain.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send some RTP packets
    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain written RTP packets
    let mut sent_packets = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message {
            sent_packets.push(rtp.header.sequence_number);
        }
    }
    assert_eq!(sent_packets.len(), 10);

    // Receive a NACK requesting retransmission of packets 3 and 5
    // RFC 4585: lost_packets bit i means packet_id + i + 1 is also lost
    // So for packet 5: bit 1 (5 = 3 + 1 + 1)
    let nack = create_nack_packet(
        base_time,
        0x11111111,
        ssrc,
        vec![rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::NackPair {
            packet_id: 3,
            lost_packets: 0b0000_0000_0000_0010, // bit 1 = packet 5 (3 + 1 + 1)
        }],
    );
    chain.handle_read(nack).unwrap();

    // Drain read output
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Check for retransmitted packets
    let mut retransmitted = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message {
            retransmitted.push(rtp.header.sequence_number);
        }
    }

    assert!(
        retransmitted.contains(&3),
        "Packet 3 should be retransmitted, got {:?}",
        retransmitted
    );
    assert!(
        retransmitted.contains(&5),
        "Packet 5 should be retransmitted, got {:?}",
        retransmitted
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_responder_rtx_retransmission() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0xABCDEF00;
    let rtx_ssrc = 0xABCDEF01;
    let rtx_pt = 97;
    chain.bind_local_stream(&nack_rtx_stream_info(ssrc, rtx_ssrc, rtx_pt));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send some RTP packets
    for seq in 0..5u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain written RTP packets
    while chain.poll_write().is_some() {}

    // Receive a NACK requesting retransmission of packet 2
    let nack = create_nack_packet(
        base_time,
        0x11111111,
        ssrc,
        vec![rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::NackPair {
            packet_id: 2,
            lost_packets: 0,
        }],
    );
    chain.handle_read(nack).unwrap();

    // Drain read output
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Check for RTX retransmission
    let mut rtx_found = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message
            && rtp.header.ssrc == rtx_ssrc
            && rtp.header.payload_type == rtx_pt
        {
            rtx_found = true;
            // RTX payload should contain original sequence number
            assert!(rtp.payload.len() >= 2);
            let original_seq = u16::from_be_bytes([rtp.payload[0], rtp.payload[1]]);
            assert_eq!(original_seq, 2, "RTX payload should contain original seq");
        }
    }

    assert!(rtx_found, "RTX retransmission should be sent");
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_responder_ignores_expired_packets() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(4).build()) // Small buffer
        .build();

    let ssrc = 0xABCDEF00;
    chain.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send packets 0-9 (only 4 will be buffered)
    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain written packets
    while chain.poll_write().is_some() {}

    // Request retransmission of packet 0 (should be expired)
    let nack = create_nack_packet(
        base_time,
        0x11111111,
        ssrc,
        vec![rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::NackPair {
            packet_id: 0,
            lost_packets: 0,
        }],
    );
    chain.handle_read(nack).unwrap();
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Should not retransmit expired packet
    let mut retransmit_count = 0;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message
            && rtp.header.sequence_number == 0
        {
            retransmit_count += 1;
        }
    }

    assert_eq!(
        retransmit_count, 0,
        "Expired packets should not be retransmitted"
    );
}

// =============================================================================
// Combined Generator + Responder Tests
// =============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_combined_nack_generator_and_responder() {
    // Build chain with both generator (for receiving) and responder (for sending)
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    let local_ssrc = 0x11111111;
    let remote_ssrc = 0x22222222;

    // Bind local stream (for responder)
    chain.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(local_ssrc));
    // Bind remote stream (for generator)
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(remote_ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send local RTP packets
    for seq in 0..5u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, local_ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Receive remote RTP packets with gap
    for seq in [0u16, 1, 2, 5, 6] {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, remote_ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain packets
    while chain.poll_write().is_some() {}
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Trigger timeout to generate NACK for remote stream
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Should generate NACK for missing packets 3, 4 from remote
    let mut nack_generated = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                    && nack.media_ssrc == remote_ssrc
                {
                    nack_generated = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        nack_generated,
        "NACK should be generated for remote stream packet loss"
    );

    // Now simulate receiving a NACK for local stream
    let nack = create_nack_packet(
        base_time,
        remote_ssrc,
        local_ssrc,
        vec![rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::NackPair {
            packet_id: 2,
            lost_packets: 0,
        }],
    );
    chain.handle_read(nack).unwrap();
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Should retransmit local packet 2
    let mut retransmitted = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message
            && rtp.header.ssrc == local_ssrc
            && rtp.header.sequence_number == 2
        {
            retransmitted = true;
        }
    }

    assert!(
        retransmitted,
        "Local packet should be retransmitted on NACK"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_unbind_stops_processing() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    let local_ssrc = 0x11111111;
    let remote_ssrc = 0x22222222;

    let local_info = nack_stream_info(local_ssrc);
    let remote_info = nack_stream_info(remote_ssrc);

    chain.bind_local_stream(&local_info);
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&remote_info);

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send and receive some packets
    let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, local_ssrc, 0, 0, 500);
    chain.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();

    let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, remote_ssrc, 0, 0, 500);
    chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();

    // Unbind streams
    chain.unbind_local_stream(&local_info);
    chain.unbind_remote_stream(&remote_info);

    // Drain packets
    while chain.poll_write().is_some() {}
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Packets should no longer be processed for NACK
    // Send packet with gap after unbind
    let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, remote_ssrc, 10, 30000, 500);
    chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Trigger timeout
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // No NACK should be generated for unbound stream
    let mut nack_found = false;
    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                    .is_some()
                {
                    nack_found = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        !nack_found,
        "No NACK should be generated for unbound streams"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_nack_multiple_streams() {
    let mut chain = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    let video_ssrc = 0x11111111;
    let audio_ssrc = 0x22222222;

    chain.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(video_ssrc));
    chain.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(audio_ssrc));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Receive video packets with gap
    for seq in [0u16, 1, 5, 6] {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, video_ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 500);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Receive audio packets with gap
    for seq in [0u16, 1, 10, 11] {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, audio_ssrc, seq, seq as u32 * 960, 160);
        chain.handle_read(pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain
    while chain.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Trigger timeout
    chain
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Check for NACKs for both streams
    let mut video_nack = false;
    let mut audio_nack = false;

    while let Some(pkt) = chain.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                {
                    if nack.media_ssrc == video_ssrc {
                        video_nack = true;
                    }
                    if nack.media_ssrc == audio_ssrc {
                        audio_nack = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(video_nack, "NACK should be generated for video stream");
    assert!(audio_nack, "NACK should be generated for audio stream");
}

// =============================================================================
// End-to-End NACK Simulation Tests (ported from pion/interceptor/examples/nack)
// =============================================================================
//
// These tests simulate the complete NACK workflow as demonstrated in the pion
// NACK example, but using the sans-I/O pattern instead of actual UDP sockets.
//
// The pion example has:
// - Sender: NACK Responder that buffers packets and retransmits on NACK
// - Receiver: NACK Generator that detects missing packets and sends NACKs
//
// We simulate this by:
// 1. Creating separate sender and receiver interceptor chains
// 2. Simulating packet flow between them (with packet loss)
// 3. Verifying the complete NACK/retransmit cycle

/// Simulates the end-to-end NACK workflow from pion's example.
/// This test creates two separate interceptor chains (sender and receiver)
/// and simulates packet loss, NACK generation, and retransmission.
#[test]
fn test_nack_example_simulation() {
    const SSRC: u32 = 5000;

    // === SENDER SETUP ===
    // Sender uses NACK Responder to buffer packets and respond to NACKs
    let mut sender = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    sender.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    // === RECEIVER SETUP ===
    // Receiver uses NACK Generator to detect packet loss and generate NACKs
    let mut receiver = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    receiver.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // === SENDER SENDS RTP PACKETS ===
    // Send packets 0-9, simulating the sendRoutine() in pion example
    let mut sent_seqs = Vec::new();
    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 3);
        sender.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();

        // Collect sent packet sequence numbers
        while let Some(out_pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
            if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &out_pkt.message {
                sent_seqs.push(rtp.header.sequence_number);
            }
        }
    }

    assert_eq!(sent_seqs.len(), 10, "Sender should have sent 10 packets");

    // === SIMULATE NETWORK: SOME PACKETS ARE LOST ===
    // Packets 3, 5, 7 are "lost" (not delivered to receiver)
    let lost_packets: Vec<u16> = vec![3, 5, 7];

    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        if !lost_packets.contains(&seq) {
            // Deliver to receiver (recreate the packet)
            let recv_pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 3);
            receiver.handle_read(recv_pkt).unwrap();
        }
    }

    // Drain received packets
    while receiver.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // === RECEIVER DETECTS LOSS AND GENERATES NACK ===
    // Trigger timeout to generate NACK (simulating the NACK interval)
    receiver
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    // Collect NACK packets from receiver
    let mut nack_packets = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = receiver.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                {
                    nack_packets.push(nack.clone());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    assert!(
        !nack_packets.is_empty(),
        "Receiver should generate NACK for lost packets"
    );

    // Verify NACK contains lost sequence numbers
    let mut nacked_seqs = Vec::new();
    for nack in &nack_packets {
        assert_eq!(nack.media_ssrc, SSRC);
        for nack_pair in &nack.nacks {
            nacked_seqs.push(nack_pair.packet_id);
            for i in 0..16 {
                if nack_pair.lost_packets & (1 << i) != 0 {
                    nacked_seqs.push(nack_pair.packet_id.wrapping_add(i + 1));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    for lost_seq in &lost_packets {
        assert!(
            nacked_seqs.contains(lost_seq),
            "NACK should request retransmission of seq {}",
            lost_seq
        );
    }

    // === SENDER RECEIVES NACK AND RETRANSMITS ===
    // Pass NACK to sender (simulating RTCP being sent back)
    for nack in &nack_packets {
        let nack_pkt = TaggedPacket {
            now: base_time,
            transport: TransportContext::default(),
            message: Packet::Rtcp(vec![Box::new(nack.clone())]),
        };
        sender.handle_read(nack_pkt).unwrap();
    }

    // Drain sender's read output
    while sender.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Collect retransmitted packets from sender
    let mut retransmitted_seqs = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message {
            retransmitted_seqs.push(rtp.header.sequence_number);
        }
    }

    // Verify all lost packets were retransmitted
    for lost_seq in &lost_packets {
        assert!(
            retransmitted_seqs.contains(lost_seq),
            "Sender should retransmit seq {}",
            lost_seq
        );
    }

    println!(
        "NACK simulation successful: lost {:?}, retransmitted {:?}",
        lost_packets, retransmitted_seqs
    );
}

/// Tests the complete NACK cycle with RTX (RFC 4588) retransmission.
/// This extends the basic simulation to use RTX format for retransmissions.
#[test]
fn test_nack_example_with_rtx() {
    const SSRC: u32 = 5000;
    const RTX_SSRC: u32 = 5001;
    const RTX_PT: u8 = 97;

    // === SENDER SETUP WITH RTX ===
    let mut sender = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();

    sender.bind_local_stream(&nack_rtx_stream_info(SSRC, RTX_SSRC, RTX_PT));

    // === RECEIVER SETUP ===
    let mut receiver = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();

    receiver.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // === SENDER SENDS RTP PACKETS ===
    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
        sender.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
        while sender.poll_write().is_some() {}
    }

    // === SIMULATE PACKET LOSS ===
    let lost_packets: Vec<u16> = vec![2, 6];

    for seq in 0..10u16 {
        if !lost_packets.contains(&seq) {
            let recv_pkt =
                create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
            receiver.handle_read(recv_pkt).unwrap();
        }
    }

    while receiver.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // === RECEIVER GENERATES NACK ===
    receiver
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    let mut nack_packets = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = receiver.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = &pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                {
                    nack_packets.push(nack.clone());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // === SENDER RECEIVES NACK AND RETRANSMITS VIA RTX ===
    for nack in &nack_packets {
        let nack_pkt = TaggedPacket {
            now: base_time,
            transport: TransportContext::default(),
            message: Packet::Rtcp(vec![Box::new(nack.clone())]),
        };
        sender.handle_read(nack_pkt).unwrap();
    }

    while sender.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Collect RTX retransmissions
    let mut rtx_packets = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = pkt.message {
            rtx_packets.push(rtp);
        }
    }

    // Verify RTX format
    assert_eq!(
        rtx_packets.len(),
        lost_packets.len(),
        "Should retransmit all lost packets"
    );

    for rtx in &rtx_packets {
        // RTX packets should use RTX SSRC and payload type
        assert_eq!(rtx.header.ssrc, RTX_SSRC, "RTX should use RTX SSRC");
        assert_eq!(
            rtx.header.payload_type, RTX_PT,
            "RTX should use RTX payload type"
        );

        // RTX payload format: first 2 bytes are original sequence number (big-endian)
        assert!(rtx.payload.len() >= 2, "RTX payload should have seq header");
        let original_seq = u16::from_be_bytes([rtx.payload[0], rtx.payload[1]]);
        assert!(
            lost_packets.contains(&original_seq),
            "RTX should contain original seq {} in payload",
            original_seq
        );
    }

    println!(
        "RTX NACK simulation successful: lost {:?}, retransmitted {} RTX packets",
        lost_packets,
        rtx_packets.len()
    );
}

/// Tests continuous packet flow with periodic NACK generation,
/// simulating a realistic streaming scenario.
#[test]
fn test_continuous_stream_with_nack_recovery() {
    const SSRC: u32 = 5000;
    const TOTAL_PACKETS: u16 = 100;

    let mut sender = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();
    sender.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let mut receiver = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(20))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();
    receiver.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let base_time = Instant::now();
    let packet_interval = Duration::from_millis(20); // 50 packets/second

    let mut received_seqs: std::collections::HashSet<u16> = std::collections::HashSet::new();
    let mut lost_seqs: Vec<u16> = Vec::new();

    // Determine which packets will be "lost" (deterministic for reproducibility)
    for seq in 0..TOTAL_PACKETS {
        // Simple deterministic "loss" pattern: every 10th packet starting from 5
        if seq % 10 == 5 {
            lost_seqs.push(seq);
        }
    }

    // === SIMULATE STREAMING WITH PACKET LOSS ===
    for seq in 0..TOTAL_PACKETS {
        let pkt_time = base_time + packet_interval * seq as u32;

        // Sender sends packet
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(pkt_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
        sender.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();

        // Drain sent packet
        while sender.poll_write().is_some() {}

        // Deliver to receiver (unless "lost")
        if !lost_seqs.contains(&seq) {
            let recv_pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(pkt_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
            receiver.handle_read(recv_pkt).unwrap();
            while receiver.poll_read().is_some() {}
            received_seqs.insert(seq);
        }

        // Periodically trigger NACK generation and handle retransmissions
        if seq % 10 == 9 {
            // Trigger receiver timeout to generate NACKs
            receiver.handle_timeout(pkt_time).unwrap();

            // Collect NACKs from receiver and forward to sender
            while let Some(nack_pkt) = receiver.poll_write() {
                if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = nack_pkt.message {
                    // Forward NACK to sender
                    let sender_nack = TaggedPacket {
                        now: pkt_time,
                        transport: TransportContext::default(),
                        message: Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets),
                    };
                    sender.handle_read(sender_nack).unwrap();
                    while sender.poll_read().is_some() {}

                    // Collect retransmissions from sender
                    while let Some(retrans_pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
                        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &retrans_pkt.message {
                            // Mark as received via retransmission
                            received_seqs.insert(rtp.header.sequence_number);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Final NACK cycle
    let final_time = base_time + packet_interval * TOTAL_PACKETS as u32;
    receiver.handle_timeout(final_time).unwrap();

    while let Some(nack_pkt) = receiver.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = nack_pkt.message {
            let sender_nack = TaggedPacket {
                now: final_time,
                transport: TransportContext::default(),
                message: Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets),
            };
            sender.handle_read(sender_nack).unwrap();
            while sender.poll_read().is_some() {}

            while let Some(retrans_pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
                if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &retrans_pkt.message {
                    received_seqs.insert(rtp.header.sequence_number);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // === VERIFY RECOVERY ===
    let recovery_count = lost_seqs
        .iter()
        .filter(|seq| received_seqs.contains(seq))
        .count();

    println!(
        "Continuous stream test: {} packets sent, {} initially lost, {} recovered via NACK",
        TOTAL_PACKETS,
        lost_seqs.len(),
        recovery_count
    );

    // All lost packets should have been recovered
    assert_eq!(
        recovery_count,
        lost_seqs.len(),
        "All lost packets should be recovered via NACK"
    );

    // All packets should have been received
    assert_eq!(
        received_seqs.len(),
        TOTAL_PACKETS as usize,
        "All packets should be received (original + retransmitted)"
    );
}

/// Tests NACK behavior with sequence number wraparound.
#[test]
fn test_nack_sequence_wraparound() {
    const SSRC: u32 = 5000;

    let mut sender = Registry::new()
        .with(NackResponderBuilder::new().with_size(512).build())
        .build();
    sender.bind_local_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let mut receiver = Registry::new()
        .with(
            NackGeneratorBuilder::new()
                .with_size(512)
                .with_interval(Duration::from_millis(50))
                .build(),
        )
        .build();
    receiver.bind_remote_stream(&nack_stream_info(SSRC));

    let base_time = Instant::now();

    // Send packets around the u16 wraparound point
    // Sequence: 65530, 65531, 65532, 65533, 65534, 65535, 0, 1, 2, 3
    let sequences: Vec<u16> = (65530..=65535).chain(0..=3).map(|s| s as u16).collect();
    let lost_seqs: Vec<u16> = vec![65533, 0, 2]; // Lost around wraparound

    // Send all packets through sender
    for &seq in &sequences {
        let pkt = create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
        sender.handle_write(pkt).unwrap();
        while sender.poll_write().is_some() {}
    }

    // Deliver non-lost packets to receiver
    for &seq in &sequences {
        if !lost_seqs.contains(&seq) {
            let recv_pkt =
                create_rtp_packet_with_time(base_time, SSRC, seq, seq as u32 * 3000, 100);
            receiver.handle_read(recv_pkt).unwrap();
        }
    }

    while receiver.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Generate NACKs
    receiver
        .handle_timeout(base_time + Duration::from_millis(100))
        .unwrap();

    let mut nacked_seqs = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = receiver.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets) = pkt.message {
            for rtcp_pkt in &rtcp_packets {
                if let Some(nack) = rtcp_pkt
                    .as_any()
                    .downcast_ref::<rtcp::transport_feedbacks::transport_layer_nack::TransportLayerNack>(
                    )
                {
                    // Extract nacked sequences
                    for nack_pair in &nack.nacks {
                        nacked_seqs.push(nack_pair.packet_id);
                        for i in 0..16 {
                            if nack_pair.lost_packets & (1 << i) != 0 {
                                nacked_seqs.push(nack_pair.packet_id.wrapping_add(i + 1));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Forward to sender
            let nack_pkt = TaggedPacket {
                now: base_time,
                transport: TransportContext::default(),
                message: Packet::Rtcp(rtcp_packets),
            };
            sender.handle_read(nack_pkt).unwrap();
        }
    }

    while sender.poll_read().is_some() {}

    // Collect retransmissions
    let mut retransmitted = Vec::new();
    while let Some(pkt) = sender.poll_write() {
        if let Packet::Rtp(rtp) = &pkt.message {
            retransmitted.push(rtp.header.sequence_number);
        }
    }

    // Verify all lost packets (including wraparound) were handled
    for &lost_seq in &lost_seqs {
        assert!(
            nacked_seqs.contains(&lost_seq),
            "NACK should request seq {} (wraparound)",
            lost_seq
        );
        assert!(
            retransmitted.contains(&lost_seq),
            "Should retransmit seq {} (wraparound)",
            lost_seq
        );
    }

    println!(
        "Wraparound test successful: lost {:?}, nacked {:?}, retransmitted {:?}",
        lost_seqs, nacked_seqs, retransmitted
    );
}