# RSA Cracker
[](https://github.com/skyf0l/RsaCracker/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
[](https://crates.io/crates/rsacracker)
[](https://hub.docker.com/r/skyf0l/rsacracker)
[](https://codecov.io/gh/skyf0l/rsacracker)
Powerful RSA cracker for CTFs. Supports RSA, X509, OPENSSH, PKCS#12, PKCS#7, and CSR in PEM and DER formats.
RsaCracker provides a simple, extensible interface to analyze and recover RSA private keys and to uncipher messages using a large collection of targeted attacks and heuristics.
## TLDR - Quick start
- Install: `cargo install rsacracker`
- Crack a public key: `rsacracker --key public.pem --dump`
- Uncipher a ciphertext: `rsacracker --key public.pem -c 0xdeadbeef`
- Uncipher a file: `rsacracker --key public.pem -f 0xdeadbeef -o result.bin`
NOTE: To build on windows, you need to use [MSYS2](https://www.msys2.org/). This is required because of the [rug](https://crates.io/crates/rug) dependency. See [building-on-windows](https://gitlab.com/tspiteri/gmp-mpfr-sys#building-on-windows) for more information.
## Usage
```text
Powerful RSA cracker for CTFs. Supports RSA, X509, OPENSSH, PKCS#12, PKCS#7, and CSR in PEM and DER formats.
Usage: rsacracker [OPTIONS]
Options:
-r, --raw <RAW> Retrieve values from raw file
-c, --cipher <CIPHER> Cipher: the message to uncipher. Can be specified multiple times for multi-key attacks
-f, --cipherfile <CIPHERFILE> Cipher file: the file to uncipher. Can be specified multiple times for multi-key attacks
-o, --outfile <OUTFILE> Write unciphered data to a file. If many unciphered data are found, they will be written to files suffixed with _1, _2, ...
-n <N> Modulus. Can be specified multiple times for multi-key attacks
-e <E> Public exponent. Default: 65537. Can be specified multiple times for multi-key attacks
-p <P> Prime number p (supports wildcards: 0xDEADBEEF????, 10737418??, 0x...C0FFEE, 0xDEADBEEF..., etc.)
-q <Q> Prime number q (supports wildcards: 0x????C0FFEE, ??741827, 0x...C0FFEE, 0xDEADBEEF..., etc.)
-d <D> Private exponent
--phi <PHI> Phi or Euler's totient function of n. (p-1)(q-1)
--dp <DP> dP or dmp1 CRT exponent. (d mod p-1)
--dq <DQ> dQ or dmq1 CRT exponent. (d mod q-1)
--qinv <QINV> qInv or iqmp CRT coefficient. (q^-1 mod p)
--pinv <PINV> pInv or ipmq CRT coefficient. (p^-1 mod q)
--sum-pq <SUM_PQ> The sum of the two primes p and q
--diff-pq <DIFF_PQ> The difference of the two primes p and q
--dlog Discrete logarithm attack. When c and e are swapped in the RSA encryption formula. (e^c mod n)
-k, --key <KEY> Public or private key file(s). (RSA, X509, OPENSSH, PKCS#12, PKCS#7, CSR in PEM and DER formats.) Can be specified multiple times for multi-key attacks
--password <PASSWORD> Private key password/passphrase if encrypted
--public Print the public key in PEM format
--private Print the private key in PEM format
--addpassword <ADDPASSWORD> Add a password/passphrase to the private key
--showinputs Print all the input parameters
--dump Print the private RSA key variables n, e, p, q and d
--dumpext Print the extended RSA key variables n, e, p, q, d, dP, dQ, pInv and qInv
--factors Print all factors of n
-t, --threads <THREADS> Number of threads to use. Default: number of CPUs
-a, --attack <ATTACK> Specify attacks to run. Default: all. (e.g. --attacks ecm,wiener,sparse)
--exclude <EXCLUDE> Specify attacks to exclude. Default: none. (e.g. --exclude ecm,wiener,sparse)
--list List all available attacks
-h, --help Print help
-V, --version Print version
```
You can also use a dump as input:
```console
$ rsacracker [OPTIONS] < challenge.txt
[RESULTS]
$ cat challenge.txt
c: 7839407718[...]0577093673
n = 9359619564[...]3745124619
e= 1595235523[...]6275096193
```
## Examples
### Uncipher a message from a public key and write it to a file
```console
rsacracker --key public.pem -c 0xdeadbeef -o result.txt
```
### Uncipher a message from n and e
```console
rsacracker -c 0xdeadbeef -n 123...789 -e 65537
```
### Uncipher a message from n, e and other known values
```console
rsacracker -c 0xdeadbeef -n 123...789 -e 65537 --phi 123 --dp 123 --dq 123 --qinv 123 --pinv 123
```
### Uncipher a file from a public key
```console
rsacracker --key public.pem -f secret.txt.enc
```
### Recover private key from partial prime information
When you know some bits/digits of a prime (MSB or LSB), you can use wildcards (`?`) in binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal notation:
```console
# Binary: MSB known (trailing wildcards)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0b1101010???
# Octal: LSB known (leading wildcards)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0o???777
# Decimal: MSB known (trailing wildcards)
rsacracker -n 2305843027467304993 -p 10737418??
# Decimal: LSB known (leading wildcards)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p ??741827
# Hexadecimal: MSB known (trailing wildcards)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0xDEADBEEF????
# Hexadecimal: LSB known (leading wildcards)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0x????C0FFEE
```
Each `?` represents one digit in the specified radix.
You can also use ellipsis (`...`) when the unknown length should be inferred from the modulus size:
```console
# Hexadecimal: LSB known (MSB length inferred)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0x...C0FFEE
# Hexadecimal: MSB known (LSB length inferred)
rsacracker -n 123...789 -p 0xDEADBEEF...
```
### Run a specific attack with arguments
```console
rsacracker --attack known_phi -n 123...789 -e 65537 --phi 0xdeadbeef
```
### Generate a private key from a public key
```console
rsacracker --key public.pem --private
```
### Generate a public key from e and n
```console
rsacracker -e 65537 -n 0xdeadbeef --public
```
### Dump private key secrets
```console
rsacracker --key private.pem --dump
$ rsacracker --key private.pem --dumpext
```
### Remove password from a private key
```console
rsacracker --key private.pem --password R54Cr4ck3R --private
```
### Add password to a private key
```console
rsacracker --key private.pem --addpassword R54Cr4ck3R --private
```
### Show all factors of n
```console
rsacracker -n 123...789 --factors
```
### Run discrete logarithm attack: when c and e are swapped in the RSA encryption formula (e^c mod n)
```console
rsacracker --key public.pem -c 0xdeadbeef --dlog
```
### Multi-key attacks
RsaCracker supports attacks that require multiple RSA keys. You can provide multiple keys in several ways:
**Method 1: Via raw file with indexed notation**
```console
# Create a file with multiple keys (multikeys.txt)
# Common factor attack - when two keys share a common prime
n1 = 166162630914502531310583922419891282066165820974633135604215723500594369488785155668770814942798477925368262423257419073645831352835527789101770856835355683177962166057699839663569971312562086050531058716298108813024798653596850452010850976880829077654912494652271256054564920903881745267063001869548202922099
e1 = 65537
c1 = 123
n2 = 148455898656074447797752378503069279028991863906908832057033693077681993859745690328279867444062926638337203683279627319119630089306918893030699950731547426066997479055479829293964341682216330844958953722765260947532634616964944677851975839768164255655099799121904635086103339949975609477039895462111764318783
e2 = 65537
# Run the attack
rsacracker --raw multikeys.txt
```
**Method 2: Via multiple --key parameters**
```console
# Provide multiple key files directly via CLI
rsacracker --key key1.pem --key key2.pem --dump
# Works with any combination of key files
rsacracker --key public1.pem --key public2.pem --key public3.pem
```
**Method 3: Via multiple -n parameters**
```console
# Provide multiple moduli directly for common factor attacks
rsacracker -n 166209509310787961... -n 137801924148643799... --dump
# Can combine with other parameters
rsacracker -n 123456... -n 789012... -e 65537
```
**Method 4: Via multiple -c and -e parameters**
```console
# Common modulus attack with multiple ciphertexts and exponents
rsacracker -n 166270918338126577... -e 65537 -e 65539 -c 136917880321258914... -c 46689866063983112...
# Hastad's broadcast attack with multiple n, e, and c
rsacracker -n 123... -n 456... -n 789... -e 3 -c 100... -c 200... -c 300...
```
## Docker
From dockerhub:
```console
docker pull skyf0l/rsacracker
docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/data skyf0l/rsacracker [args]
```
Or build it yourself:
```console
DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1 docker build . --file Dockerfile -t rsacracker
docker run -it --rm -v $PWD:/data rsacracker [args]
```
## License
Licensed under either of
- Apache License, Version 2.0
([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>)
- MIT license
([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>)
at your option.
## Contribution
Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.