Output bit depth — bits per sample. The on-disk pixel format is derived
from this (the encoder is always AV1 4:2:0, the web-safe chroma subsampling):
8-bit → yuv420p, 10-bit → yuv420p10le (le = little-endian 16-bit
words holding 10 valid bits). Bit depth is one axis; gamut + SDR/HDR transfer
is the orthogonal ColorPolicy axis.
You rarely set this by hand: Auto derives it from the color policy.
Derive depth from the ColorPolicy: 8-bit for an SDR tonemap, 10-bit
for HDR (Hdr10 / Hlg), the source’s own depth for Passthrough. The
default — the right choice almost always.
Force 10-bit 4:2:0 (yuv420p10le) — higher precision (banding-free
gradients), and required by the HDR policies. Needs a 10-bit-capable
encoder: NVENC (nvidia), AMF (amd), QSV (qsv), or ffmpeg.