retroglyph-window 0.2.0

//! The [`Presenter`] trait: what a renderer crate implements to rasterize a
//! grid and present it to a window surface.
//!
//! `Presenter` is the output half of [`Backend`](retroglyph_core::Backend)
//! plus window-surface operations, with no input methods: the event loop
//! owns input, and [`WindowBackend`](crate::WindowBackend) forwards
//! translated events into its own queue instead.
//!
//! | Presenter | `present()` | `init_surface()` |
//! |---|---|---|
//! | `SoftwareRenderer` (retroglyph-software) | Copies pixel buffer to softbuffer surface | Creates `softbuffer::Context` + `Surface` |
//! | `WgpuRenderer` (future) | Submits render pass + presents swap chain | Creates `wgpu::Surface` + `Device` |
//! | `GlRenderer` (future) | Draws full-screen quad + swaps buffers | Creates GL context from the window |
//!
//! See the crate-level docs (`crate` root, "DPI, scale, and the resize contract" and
//! "Threading model" sections) for the physical-pixel/no-auto-scaling contract on
//! [`cell_size`](Presenter::cell_size), the sub-cell-remainder behavior on
//! [`resize_surface`](Presenter::resize_surface), and the single-threaded execution model
//! every `Presenter` implementation runs under.

use raw_window_handle::{HasDisplayHandle, HasWindowHandle};
use retroglyph_core::backend::BackendError;
use retroglyph_core::grid::{Pos, Size};
use retroglyph_core::tile::Tile;
use std::sync::Arc;

/// A window/display handle pair, as one trait.
///
/// Presenters receive [`raw-window-handle`](raw_window_handle) types, not a
/// concrete `winit::window::Window`: softbuffer, wgpu, and glutin all accept
/// these handles directly, so any windowing library that produces them can
/// drive the same presenter, and only this crate depends on winit itself.
///
/// `raw-window-handle` has no combined trait, and surface libraries need to
/// *own* the handle (softbuffer stores it for the surface's lifetime), so
/// presenters receive `Arc<dyn WindowHandle>` -- rwh implements the handle
/// traits for `Arc<H: ?Sized>`, so the trait object passes straight into
/// `softbuffer::Surface::new` / `wgpu::Instance::create_surface`.
pub trait WindowHandle: HasWindowHandle + HasDisplayHandle {}

impl<T: HasWindowHandle + HasDisplayHandle + ?Sized> WindowHandle for T {}

/// A renderer that rasterizes grid content and presents it to a window
/// surface.
///
/// Mirrors the output half of [`Backend`](retroglyph_core::Backend) (`draw`,
/// `draw_layers`, `flush`, `size`, `clear`, `resize`) so
/// [`WindowBackend`](crate::WindowBackend) can delegate those methods
/// wholesale, and adds the surface lifecycle (`init_surface`,
/// `resize_surface`, `present`, `cell_size`) that the event loop drives.
///
/// The `needs_full_frame` and `composites_layers` defaults are `true`: every
/// windowed presenter is a pixel-family backend that composites layers
/// itself, receiving the raw per-layer stream instead of a pre-flattened
/// single layer. Only character-cell terminal backends return `false`, and
/// those implement [`Backend`](retroglyph_core::Backend) directly instead of
/// this trait.
pub trait Presenter {
    /// Rasterization error (mirrors `Backend::Error`).
    ///
    /// In-memory rasterizers are infallible and use
    /// [`core::convert::Infallible`].
    type Error: BackendError;

    /// Surface lifecycle error (context creation, buffer acquisition,
    /// present).
    type SurfaceError: core::fmt::Debug + core::fmt::Display;

    /// Rasterize changed cells (single layer).
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::Error`] if rasterization fails.
    fn draw<'a, I>(&mut self, content: I) -> Result<(), Self::Error>
    where
        I: Iterator<Item = (Pos, &'a Tile, Option<&'a str>)>;

    /// Rasterize the full layered frame.
    ///
    /// Because [`needs_full_frame`](Self::needs_full_frame) defaults to
    /// `true`, this receives every cell of every allocated layer and should
    /// clear its target before drawing.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::Error`] if rasterization fails.
    fn draw_layers<'a, I>(&mut self, content: I) -> Result<(), Self::Error>
    where
        I: Iterator<Item = (u8, Pos, &'a Tile, Option<&'a str>)>;

    /// Flush buffered rasterization work.
    ///
    /// Distinct from [`present`](Self::present): `flush` completes drawing
    /// into the presenter's own target; `present` pushes that target to the
    /// OS window.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::Error`] if the flush fails.
    fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Self::Error>;

    /// Current grid dimensions in cells.
    #[must_use]
    fn size(&self) -> Size;

    /// Clear the rasterization target.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::Error`] if the clear fails.
    fn clear(&mut self) -> Result<(), Self::Error>;

    /// Resize the grid (in cells), reallocating the rasterization target.
    fn resize(&mut self, size: Size);

    /// Whether the full frame is required on every `draw_layers` call.
    ///
    /// Defaults to `true` for the windowed family (sub-cell offsets spill
    /// pixels across cells; partial redraws would leave orphans).
    #[must_use]
    fn needs_full_frame(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }

    /// Whether this presenter composites layers itself, receiving the raw
    /// `(layer, Pos, Tile)` stream instead of a pre-flattened single layer.
    ///
    /// Defaults to `true` for the windowed family.
    #[must_use]
    fn composites_layers(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }

    /// Initialize the window surface.
    ///
    /// Called once from the loop's `resumed` handler. The presenter creates
    /// its platform surface (softbuffer surface, wgpu device+surface, GL
    /// context) from the raw window/display handles.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::SurfaceError`] if surface or context creation fails.
    fn init_surface(&mut self, window: Arc<dyn WindowHandle>) -> Result<(), Self::SurfaceError>;

    /// Resize the window surface to a new physical pixel size.
    ///
    /// Called on every window resize event with `width`/`height` already resolved by the
    /// caller -- for the `winit` driver (see `winit::run::WindowApp::resize_to`), that means
    /// `cols * cell_w` x `rows * cell_h`, where `cols`/`rows` are the window's physical size
    /// divided down to whole cells. Any sub-cell remainder is truncated, not centered or
    /// cleared: when the window's physical size isn't an exact multiple of the cell size,
    /// `width`/`height` here are the largest whole-cell-multiple that fits, which can be
    /// smaller than the window's actual physical size. The OS window itself is never resized
    /// to compensate, so a non-exact-multiple resize leaves a thin strip at the window's
    /// trailing edge outside the surface -- retroglyph does not paint or clear that strip;
    /// whatever the OS/windowing backend leaves there remains visible until a subsequent
    /// resize covers it.
    fn resize_surface(&mut self, width: u32, height: u32);

    /// Notify the presenter that the window's scale factor (DPI) changed.
    ///
    /// Called when the window moves to a display with a different pixel density, or the
    /// system DPI setting changes. The event loop follows this with
    /// [`resize_surface`](Self::resize_surface) for the window's new physical size, so
    /// this hook only needs to handle DPI-dependent state that isn't a plain buffer
    /// resize (e.g. regenerating a font atlas rasterized for a particular scale).
    ///
    /// Defaults to a no-op: presenters whose rasterization doesn't depend on DPI (like
    /// `SoftwareRenderer`'s integer `scale` config, set once at construction) need no
    /// action here.
    fn scale_factor_changed(&mut self, _scale_factor: f64) {}

    /// Present the rasterized frame to the window surface.
    ///
    /// Called after each app tick. A lost frame is not fatal; the caller
    /// logs the error and continues.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`Self::SurfaceError`] if the surface buffer can't be acquired
    /// or presented (e.g. context lost on wasm, page flip pending on
    /// DRI/KMS).
    fn present(&mut self) -> Result<(), Self::SurfaceError>;

    /// Cell size in physical pixels `(width, height)`.
    ///
    /// Physical pixels, not logical/DPI-scaled pixels, and never auto-scaled by this crate for
    /// display DPI -- see the crate-level "DPI, scale, and the resize contract" docs. A presenter
    /// whose cells should grow on a `HiDPI` display must change what this returns itself (from
    /// [`resize`](Self::resize) or [`scale_factor_changed`](Self::scale_factor_changed)); absent
    /// that, it stays constant for the presenter's lifetime.
    ///
    /// `(u32, u32)` rather than [`Size`] because grid coordinates are `u16`
    /// but pixel arithmetic uses `u32` (winit `PhysicalSize`).
    #[must_use]
    fn cell_size(&self) -> (u32, u32);
}