1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::collections::BTreeMap;
use std::fs::File;
use std::path::Path;
use log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
use memmap2::Mmap;
use crate::{Error, Pid, Process, StackFrame};
use addr2line::Loader;
use goblin;
use goblin::elf::program_header::*;
use object::{self, Object, ObjectSymbol};
use crate::ProcessMemory;
pub struct Symbolicator {
binaries: BTreeMap<u64, BinaryInfo>,
process: Process,
pid: Pid,
}
impl Symbolicator {
pub fn new(pid: Pid) -> Result<Symbolicator, Error> {
let process = Process::new(pid)?;
let mut ret = Symbolicator {
binaries: BTreeMap::new(),
process,
pid,
};
ret.reload()?;
Ok(ret)
}
pub fn reload(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
info!("reloading process binaries");
// Get shared libraries from virtual memory mapped files
let maps = &proc_maps::get_process_maps(self.pid)?;
let shared_maps = maps
.iter()
.filter(|m| m.is_exec() && !m.is_write() && m.is_read());
// Open them up and parse etc
for m in shared_maps {
// Get the filename if it exists from the map
let filename = match m.filename() {
Some(f) => f,
None => continue,
};
// TODO: probably also want to check if the filename/size is the same
let address_key = (m.start() + m.size()) as u64;
if self.binaries.contains_key(&address_key) {
debug!("skipping {}", filename.display());
continue;
}
info!("loading debug info from {}", filename.display());
// Memory-map the file, special casing [vdso] regions
let file;
let mmapped_file;
let vdso_data;
let buffer = if Path::new(filename).exists() {
file = File::open(Path::new(filename))?;
mmapped_file = unsafe { Mmap::map(&file)? };
&mmapped_file[..]
} else if filename != std::path::PathBuf::from("[vsyscall]") {
// if the filename doesn't exist, its' almost certainly the vdso section
// read from the the target processes memory
vdso_data = self.process.copy(m.start(), m.size())?;
&vdso_data
} else {
// vsyscall region, can be ignored, but lets not keep on trying to do this
info!("skipping {} region", filename.display());
// insert a stub for [vsyscall] so that we don't continually try to load it etc
self.binaries.insert(
address_key,
BinaryInfo {
offset: 0,
address: m.start() as u64,
size: m.size() as u64,
filename: filename.display().to_string(),
symbols: RefCell::new(None),
},
);
continue;
};
debug!(
"loading file {} 0x{:X} 0x{:X}",
filename.display(),
m.start(),
buffer.len()
);
match goblin::Object::parse(&buffer) {
Ok(goblin::Object::Elf(elf)) => {
trace!("filename {} elf {:#?}", filename.display(), elf);
let program_header = elf
.program_headers
.iter()
.find(|ref header| header.p_type == PT_LOAD && header.p_flags & PF_X != 0);
let obj_base = match program_header {
Some(hdr) => {
// Don't panic if v_addr/start is messed up
// (https://github.com/benfred/py-spy/issues/183)
if hdr.p_vaddr > m.start() as u64 {
warn!(
"Failed to load {} for symbols: v_addr {} is past start {}",
filename.display(),
hdr.p_vaddr,
m.start()
);
continue;
}
m.start() as u64 - hdr.p_vaddr + hdr.p_vaddr % hdr.p_align
}
None => {
warn!(
"Failed to find executable PT_LOAD header in {}",
filename.display()
);
continue;
}
};
// the map key is the end address of this filename, which lets us do a relatively efficient range
// based lookup of the binary
self.binaries.insert(
address_key,
BinaryInfo {
offset: obj_base,
address: m.start() as u64,
size: m.size() as u64,
filename: filename.display().to_string(),
symbols: RefCell::new(None),
},
);
}
Ok(_) => {
warn!("unknown binary type for {}", filename.display());
continue;
}
Err(e) => {
warn!("Failed to parse {}: {:?}", filename.display(), e);
continue;
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
pub fn symbolicate(
&self,
addr: u64,
line_info: bool,
callback: &mut dyn FnMut(&StackFrame),
) -> Result<(), Error> {
let binary = match self.get_binary(addr) {
Some(binary) => binary,
None => {
return Err(Error::NoBinaryForAddress(addr));
}
};
if binary.filename != "[vdso]" {
let mut symbols = binary.symbols.borrow_mut();
if symbols.is_none() {
info!("loading symbols from {}", binary.filename);
*symbols = Some(SymbolData::new(&binary.filename, binary.offset));
}
match symbols.as_ref() {
Some(Ok(symbols)) => symbols.symbolicate(addr, line_info, callback),
_ => {
// we probably failed to load the symbols (maybe goblin v0.15 dependency causing error
// in gimli/object crate). Rather than fail add a stub
callback(&StackFrame {
line: None,
addr,
function: None,
filename: None,
module: binary.filename.clone(),
});
Ok(())
}
}
} else {
// TODO: allow symbolication code to access vdso data
callback(&StackFrame {
line: None,
addr,
function: None,
filename: None,
module: binary.filename.clone(),
});
Ok(())
}
}
fn get_binary(&self, addr: u64) -> Option<&BinaryInfo> {
match self.binaries.range(addr..).next() {
Some((_, binary)) if binary.contains(addr) => Some(&binary),
Some(_) => None,
_ => None,
}
}
}
pub struct SymbolData {
// Contains symbol info for a single binary
address_loader: Loader,
offset: u64,
symbols: Vec<(u64, u64, String)>,
dynamic_symbols: Vec<(u64, u64, String)>,
filename: String,
}
impl SymbolData {
pub fn new(filename: &str, offset: u64) -> Result<SymbolData, Error> {
info!("opening {} for symbols", filename);
let file = File::open(filename)?;
let map = unsafe { Mmap::map(&file)? };
let file = match object::File::parse(&*map) {
Ok(f) => f,
Err(e) => {
error!(
"failed to parse file for symbolication {}: {:?}",
filename, e
);
// return Err(gimli::Error::OffsetOutOfBounds.into());
return Err(Error::Other(
"Failed to parse file for symbolication".to_string(),
));
}
};
let address_loader = Loader::new(filename).map_err(|e| {
Error::Other(format!(
"Failed to get symbol context for {}: {:?}",
filename, e
))
})?;
let mut symbols = Vec::new();
for sym in file.symbols() {
if let Ok(name) = sym.name() {
symbols.push((sym.address(), sym.size(), name.to_string()));
}
}
symbols.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| a.cmp(&b));
let mut dynamic_symbols = Vec::new();
for sym in file.dynamic_symbols() {
if let Ok(name) = sym.name() {
dynamic_symbols.push((sym.address(), sym.size(), name.to_string()));
}
}
dynamic_symbols.sort_unstable_by(|a, b| a.cmp(&b));
Ok(SymbolData {
address_loader,
offset,
dynamic_symbols,
symbols,
filename: filename.to_owned(),
})
}
pub fn symbolicate(
&self,
addr: u64,
line_info: bool,
callback: &mut dyn FnMut(&StackFrame),
) -> Result<(), Error> {
let mut ret = StackFrame {
line: None,
filename: None,
function: None,
addr,
module: self.filename.clone(),
};
// get the address before relocations
let offset = addr - self.offset;
// if we are being asked for line information, sue gimli addr2line to look up the debug info
// (this is slow, and not necessary all the time which is why we are skipping)
if line_info {
let mut has_debug_info = false;
// if we have debugging info, get the appropriate stack frames for the address
let mut frames = self
.address_loader
.find_frames(offset)
.map_err(|e| Error::Other(format!("addr2line error: {:?}", e)))?;
let error_handler = |e| Error::Other(format!("addr2line error: {:?}", e));
while let Some(frame) = frames.next().map_err(error_handler)? {
has_debug_info = true;
if let Some(func) = frame.function {
ret.function = Some(func.raw_name().map_err(error_handler)?.to_string());
}
if let Some(loc) = frame.location {
ret.line = loc.line.map(|x| x as u64);
if let Some(file) = loc.file.as_ref() {
ret.filename = Some(file.to_string());
}
}
callback(&ret);
}
if has_debug_info {
return Ok(());
}
}
// otherwise try getting the function name from the symbols
if self.symbols.len() > 0 {
let symbol = match self.symbols.binary_search_by(|sym| sym.0.cmp(&offset)) {
Ok(i) => &self.symbols[i],
Err(i) => &self.symbols[if i > 0 { i - 1 } else { 0 }],
};
if offset >= symbol.0 && offset < (symbol.0 + symbol.1) {
ret.function = Some(symbol.2.clone());
}
}
if ret.function.is_none() && self.dynamic_symbols.len() > 0 {
let symbol = match self
.dynamic_symbols
.binary_search_by(|sym| sym.0.cmp(&offset))
{
Ok(i) => &self.dynamic_symbols[i],
Err(i) => &self.dynamic_symbols[if i > 0 { i - 1 } else { 0 }],
};
if offset >= symbol.0 && offset < (symbol.0 + symbol.1) {
ret.function = Some(symbol.2.clone());
}
}
callback(&ret);
Ok(())
}
}
// Contains info for a binary on how to unwind/symbolicate a stack trace
struct BinaryInfo {
address: u64,
size: u64,
offset: u64,
filename: String,
symbols: RefCell<Option<Result<SymbolData, Error>>>,
}
impl BinaryInfo {
pub fn contains(&self, addr: u64) -> bool {
addr >= self.address && addr < (self.address + self.size)
}
}