relp-num 0.1.14

Number types for the relp crate
Documentation
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use std::arch::asm;
use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::ptr::copy;

use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};

use crate::integer::big::BITS_PER_WORD;
use crate::integer::big::ops::building_blocks::{add_2, add_assign_slice, is_well_formed, sub_2, sub_assign_slice, submul_slice};
use crate::integer::big::ops::non_zero::{is_one_non_zero, shl, shl_mut, shl_mut_overflowing, shr};
use crate::integer::big::ops::normalize::trailing_zeros;
use crate::integer::big::properties::cmp;

#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_double<const S: usize>(
    values_one: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    values_two: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    rhs: SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
) {
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values_one));
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values_two));
    debug_assert!(!values_one.is_empty());
    debug_assert!(!values_two.is_empty());
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(&rhs));
    debug_assert!(!rhs.is_empty());
    let one: SmallVec<[usize; S]> = smallvec![1];
    debug_assert_ne!(rhs, one);
    debug_assert_eq!(rhs[0] % 2, 1);
    debug_assert_eq!(cmp(values_one, &rhs), Ordering::Greater);
    debug_assert_eq!(cmp(values_two, &rhs), Ordering::Greater);

    match rhs.len() {
        1 => {
            // TODO(PERFORMANCE): Ensure that after inlining, code is dedupliated
            div_assign_one_word(values_one, rhs[0]);
            div_assign_one_word(values_two, rhs[0]);
        }
        2 => {
            // TODO(PERFORMANCE): Ensure that after inlining, code is dedupliated
            div_assign_two_words(values_one, rhs[1], rhs[0]);
            div_assign_two_words(values_two, rhs[1], rhs[0]);
        }
        _ => div_assign_n_words_double(values_one, values_two, rhs),
    }
}

#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_n_words_double<const S: usize>(
    values_one: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    values_two: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    mut rhs: SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
) {
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values_one));
    debug_assert!(values_one.len() > 2);
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values_two));
    debug_assert!(values_two.len() > 2);
    debug_assert!(rhs.len() > 2);
    debug_assert_eq!(rhs[0] % 2, 1);
    // We assume that values % rhs == 0

    let rhs_high = *rhs.last().unwrap();
    let leading_zeros = rhs_high.leading_zeros();

    if leading_zeros > 0 {
        // TODO(PERFORMANCE): These calls might cause reallocation, can that be avoided?
        shl_mut(values_one, 0, leading_zeros);
        shl_mut(values_two, 0, leading_zeros);

        shl_mut_overflowing(&mut rhs, leading_zeros);
    }
    debug_assert!(values_one.len() > rhs.len());
    debug_assert!(values_two.len() > rhs.len());

    let divisor_length = rhs.len();
    let divisor_inverse = invert_pi(rhs[divisor_length - 1], rhs[divisor_length - 2]);

    div_assign_n_words_helper(values_one, &rhs, divisor_inverse);
    div_assign_n_words_helper(values_two, &rhs, divisor_inverse);
}

#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div<const S: usize>(
    values: &[usize],
    rhs: &[usize],
) -> SmallVec<[usize; S]> {
    // Assume that the do divide without remainder
    debug_assert_eq!(cmp(values, rhs), Ordering::Greater);
    debug_assert_ne!(rhs, &[1]);

    let (zero_words, zero_bits) = trailing_zeros(rhs);
    let mut left = shr(values, zero_words, zero_bits);
    let right = shr::<S>(rhs, zero_words, zero_bits);

    // right is odd now
    if !is_one_non_zero(&right) {
        div_assign_by_odd(&mut left, &right);
    }

    left
}

/// Divide a number by a divisor.
///
/// Used in the normalization of fractions after the GCD was computed (which is the `rhs` argument).
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `values`: A nonzero, >1
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_by_odd<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    rhs: &[usize],
) {
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values));
    debug_assert!(!values.is_empty());
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(rhs));
    debug_assert!(!rhs.is_empty());
    debug_assert_ne!(rhs, &[1]);
    debug_assert_eq!(rhs[0] % 2, 1);
    debug_assert_eq!(cmp(values, rhs), Ordering::Greater);

    // We assume that values % rhs == 0

    match rhs.len() {
        1 => { div_assign_one_word(values, rhs[0]); },
        2 => div_assign_two_words(values, rhs[1], rhs[0]),
        _ => {
            // rhs.len() > 2
            div_assign_n_words(values, rhs);
        }
    }
}

/// Returns the remainder.
#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_one_word<const S: usize>(values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>, rhs: usize) -> usize {
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values));
    debug_assert!(!values.is_empty());
    debug_assert_eq!(rhs % 2, 1);
    // We assume that values % rhs == 0

    if values.len() == 1 {
        let remainder = values[0] % rhs;
        values[0] /= rhs;
        return remainder;
    }

    let divisor_zeros = rhs.leading_zeros();
    match divisor_zeros {
        0 => {
            // rhs > usize::MAX / 2

            let mut remainder = *values.last().unwrap();
            let old_length = values.len();
            if remainder < rhs {
                values.pop();
            } else {
                remainder -= rhs;
                *values.last_mut().unwrap() = 1;
            }

            let rhs_inverse = invert(rhs);
            for i in (0..(old_length - 1)).rev() {
                let (quotient, new_remainder) = div_preinv(remainder, values[i], rhs, rhs_inverse);
                remainder = new_remainder;

                values[i] = quotient;
            }

            remainder
        }
        _ => {
            // rhs <= usize::MAX / 2

            let last = *values.last().unwrap();
            let mut remainder = if last < rhs {
                values.pop();
                last
            } else {
                0
            };

            let divisor = rhs << divisor_zeros;
            let bits_per_word_minus_divisor_zeros = BITS_PER_WORD - divisor_zeros;

            let divisor_inverse = invert(divisor);
            let mut edit_higher = *values.last().unwrap();

            remainder = (remainder << divisor_zeros) | (edit_higher >> bits_per_word_minus_divisor_zeros);
            for i in (1..values.len()).rev() {
                let edit_lower = values[i - 1];
                let shifted = (edit_higher << divisor_zeros) | (edit_lower >> bits_per_word_minus_divisor_zeros);

                let (quotient, new_quotient) = div_preinv(remainder, shifted, divisor, divisor_inverse);
                remainder = new_quotient;
                values[i] = quotient;
                edit_higher = edit_lower;
            }

            let shifted = edit_higher << divisor_zeros;
            let (q, final_remainder) = div_preinv(remainder, shifted, divisor, divisor_inverse);
            values[0] = q;

            final_remainder
        }
    }
}

#[inline]
pub fn div_preinv(high: usize, low: usize, divisor: usize, divisor_inverted: usize) -> (usize, usize) {
    let (quotient_low, quotient_high) = divisor_inverted.carrying_mul(high, 0);
    let (mut quotient_high, quotient_low) = add_2(quotient_high, quotient_low, high + 1, low);

    let mut remainder = low.wrapping_sub(quotient_high.wrapping_mul(divisor));
    if remainder > quotient_low {
        quotient_high = quotient_high.wrapping_sub(1);
        remainder = remainder.wrapping_add(divisor);
    }

    if remainder >= divisor {
        quotient_high = quotient_high.wrapping_add(1);
        remainder = remainder.wrapping_sub(divisor);
    }

    (quotient_high, remainder)
}

#[inline]
pub fn invert(value: usize) -> usize {
    debug_assert_ne!(value, 0);
    debug_assert!(value.leading_zeros() == 0); // value > usize::MAX / 2

    #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64"))]
    fn inner(high: usize, low: usize, divisor: usize) -> usize {
        let mut quotient;

        unsafe {
            asm!(
            "div {d}",
            d = in(reg) divisor,

            in("rdx") high,
            inout("rax") low => quotient,
            );
        }

        quotient
    }

    inner(!value, usize::MAX, value)
}

#[inline]
pub fn div_assign_two_words<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    mut divisor_high: usize, mut divisor_low: usize,
) {
    let zero_count = divisor_high.leading_zeros();
    match zero_count {
        0 => {
            // divisor_high > usize::MAX / 2

            unsafe {
                let most_significant_quotient = div_assign_two_words_helper(values, divisor_high, divisor_low);
                if most_significant_quotient > 0 {
                    *values.last_mut().unwrap() = most_significant_quotient;
                } else {
                    values.pop();
                }
            }
        }
        _ => {
            divisor_high <<= zero_count;
            divisor_high |= divisor_low >> (BITS_PER_WORD - zero_count);
            divisor_low <<= zero_count;

            let carry = unsafe {
                let carry = shl_mut_overflowing(values, zero_count);
                if let Some(carry) = carry {
                    values.push(carry.get());
                }
                carry
            };

            debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values));

            unsafe {
                let most_significant_quotient = div_assign_two_words_helper(values, divisor_high, divisor_low);
                if carry.is_none() && most_significant_quotient > 0 {
                    *values.last_mut().unwrap() = most_significant_quotient;
                } else {
                    values.pop();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

#[inline]
unsafe fn div_assign_two_words_helper<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    divisor_high: usize, divisor_low: usize,
) -> usize {
    let nr_values = values.len();
    let mut remainder_high = values[nr_values - 1];
    let mut remainder_low = values[nr_values - 2];

    values.pop();

    let mut most_significant_q_word = 0;
    if remainder_high >= divisor_high && (remainder_high > divisor_high || remainder_low >= divisor_low) {
        let (remainder_high_new, remainder_low_new) = sub_2(remainder_high, remainder_low, divisor_high, divisor_low);
        remainder_high = remainder_high_new;
        remainder_low = remainder_low_new;
        most_significant_q_word = 1;
    }

    let divisor_inverse = invert_pi(divisor_high, divisor_low);

    for i in (0..nr_values - 2).rev() {
        let value = values[i];
        let (quotient, remainder_high_new, remainder_low_new) =
            divrem_3by2(remainder_high, remainder_low, value, divisor_high, divisor_low, divisor_inverse);
        remainder_high = remainder_high_new;
        remainder_low = remainder_low_new;

        values[i] = quotient;
    }

    most_significant_q_word
}

#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_n_words<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    rhs: &[usize],
) {
    debug_assert!(is_well_formed(values));
    debug_assert!(values.len() > 2);
    debug_assert!(rhs.len() > 2);
    debug_assert_eq!(rhs[0] % 2, 1);
    // We assume that values % rhs == 0

    match rhs.last().unwrap().leading_zeros() {
        0 => create_divisor_inverse_and_divide(values, rhs),
        leading_zeros => {
            shl_mut(values, 0, leading_zeros);
            // TODO(PERFORMANCE): Are there situations where we can mutate the divisor?
            let divisor = shl::<S>(rhs, leading_zeros);
            create_divisor_inverse_and_divide(values, &divisor);
        }
    }
}

#[inline]
unsafe fn create_divisor_inverse_and_divide<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    divisor: &[usize],
) {
    let divisor_length = divisor.len();
    let divisor_inverse = invert_pi(divisor[divisor_length - 1], divisor[divisor_length - 2]);

    let length_difference = values.len() - divisor.len();
    debug_assert!(length_difference > 0);

    div_assign_n_words_helper(values, divisor, divisor_inverse);
}

#[inline]
pub unsafe fn div_assign_n_words_helper<const S: usize>(
    values: &mut SmallVec<[usize; S]>,
    divisor: &[usize],
    divisor_inverse: usize,
) {
    debug_assert!(*divisor.last().unwrap() > usize::MAX / 2);
    debug_assert!(values.len() >= divisor.len());
    debug_assert!(divisor.len() > 2);
    debug_assert_eq!(cmp(values, divisor), Ordering::Greater);

    let length_difference = values.len() - divisor.len();
    let max_word = match cmp(&values[length_difference..], divisor) {
        Ordering::Less => 0,
        Ordering::Equal | Ordering::Greater => {
            sub_assign_slice(&mut values[length_difference..], divisor);
            1
        },
    };

    let divisor_high = divisor[divisor.len() - 1];
    let divisor_low = divisor[divisor.len() - 2];

    let mut value_high = *values.last().unwrap();
    for i in (0..length_difference).rev() {
        let value_middle = values[i + divisor.len() - 1];
        let value_low = values[i + divisor.len() - 2];

        let q = if value_high == divisor_high && value_middle == divisor_low {
            submul_slice(&mut values[i..(i + divisor.len())], divisor, !0);
            value_high = values[i + divisor.len() - 1];
            !0
        } else {
            let (q, remainder_high, mut remainder_low) = divrem_3by2(
                value_high, value_middle, value_low,
                divisor_high, divisor_low, divisor_inverse,
            );

            let carry = submul_slice(
                &mut values[i..(i + (divisor.len() - 2))],
                &divisor[..(divisor.len() - 2)],
                q,
            );

            value_high = remainder_high;

            let carryx = remainder_low < carry;
            remainder_low = remainder_low.wrapping_sub(carry);
            let carry = value_high < carryx as usize;
            if carryx {
                value_high = value_high.wrapping_sub(1);
            }
            values[i + divisor.len() - 2] = remainder_low;

            if carry {
                let carry = add_assign_slice(
                    &mut values[i..(i + divisor.len() - 1)],
                    &divisor[..(divisor.len() - 1)],
                );
                value_high = divisor_high.wrapping_add(value_high).wrapping_add(carry as usize);
                q - 1
            } else {
                q
            }
        };

        values[i + divisor.len() - 1] = q; // the lowest index that will not be read from again
    }

    copy(values[(divisor.len() - 1)..].as_ptr(), values.as_mut_ptr(), length_difference);
    values.truncate(length_difference);

    if max_word > 0 {
        values.push(max_word);
    }
}

#[inline]
pub fn invert_pi(high: usize, low: usize) -> usize {
    let mut inverse = invert(high);
    let (mut result, carry) = high.wrapping_mul(inverse).overflowing_add(low);

    if carry {
        inverse = inverse.wrapping_sub(1);
        let mask = if result >= high { !0 } else { 0 };
        result = result.wrapping_sub(high);
        inverse = inverse.wrapping_add(mask);
        result = result.wrapping_sub(mask & high);
    }

    let (_result_low, result_high) = low.carrying_mul(inverse, 0);
    result = result.wrapping_add(result_high);

    if result < result_high {
        inverse = inverse.wrapping_sub(1);
        if result >= high && (result > high || result_high >= low) {
            inverse = inverse.wrapping_sub(1);
        }
    }

    inverse
}

#[inline]
pub fn divrem_3by2(
    numerator_high: usize, numerator_middle: usize, numerator_low: usize,
    divisor_high: usize, divisor_low: usize,
    divisor_inverse: usize,
) -> (usize, usize, usize) {
    let (quotient_low, quotient_high) = numerator_high.carrying_mul(divisor_inverse, 0);
    let (quotient_high, quotient_low) = add_2(quotient_high, quotient_low, numerator_high, numerator_middle);

    let remainder_high = numerator_middle.wrapping_sub(divisor_high.wrapping_mul(quotient_high));
    let (remainder_high, remainder_low) = sub_2(remainder_high, numerator_low, divisor_high, divisor_low);
    let (result_low, result_high) = divisor_low.carrying_mul(quotient_high, 0);
    let (remainder_high, remainder_low) = sub_2(remainder_high, remainder_low, result_high, result_low);

    let quotient_high = quotient_high.wrapping_add(1);
    let mask = if remainder_high >= quotient_low { !0 } else { 0 };

    let quotient_high = quotient_high.wrapping_add(mask);
    let (remainder_high, remainder_low) = add_2(remainder_high, remainder_low, mask & divisor_high, mask & divisor_low);

    if remainder_high >= divisor_high && (remainder_high > divisor_high || remainder_low >= divisor_low) {
        let (remainder_high, remainder_low) = sub_2(remainder_high, remainder_low, divisor_high, divisor_low);
        (quotient_high + 1, remainder_high, remainder_low)
    } else {
        (quotient_high, remainder_high, remainder_low)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};

    use crate::integer::big::io::from_str_radix;
    use crate::integer::big::ops::div::{div as div_by_odd_or_even, div_assign_n_words, div_assign_one_word, div_assign_two_words, div_preinv, invert};

    #[test]
    fn test_div() {
        let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("321087754339295587229459593581818565100").unwrap();
        let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("22958428759431789116").unwrap();
        assert_eq!(unsafe { div_by_odd_or_even::<8>(&x, &[13985615379161616725]) }, expected);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_invert() {
        let divisor = (1 << 63) + 1;
        assert!(divisor > usize::MAX / 2);
        let inverted = invert(divisor);
        assert_eq!(div_preinv(1, (1 << 63) + 3, divisor, inverted), (3, 0));

        let divisor = (1 << 63) + 3;
        assert!(divisor > usize::MAX / 2);
        let inverted = invert(divisor);
        assert_eq!(div_preinv(1, (1 << 63) + 9, divisor, inverted), (3, 0));

        let divisor = 0b11101011_11101011_11101011_11101011_11101011_11101011_11101011_11101011;
        assert!(divisor > usize::MAX / 2);
        let inverted = invert(divisor);
        assert_eq!(
            div_preinv(0xebebebdd_39fa0c38, 0x23232331_d51502d6, divisor, inverted),
            (18446744005223104770, 0),
        );
        assert_eq!(
            div_preinv(0xebebebdd_39fa0c38, 0x23232331_d51502d6 + 1, divisor, inverted),
            (18446744005223104770, 1),
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_div_assign_one_word() {
        type SV = SmallVec<[usize; 8]>;

        unsafe {
            let mut x: SV = smallvec![(1 << 63) + 3, 1];
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, (1 << 63) + 1);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![3];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![7, 5];
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![0b10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101101, 1];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![10, 5];
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![0b10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101110, 1];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![13, 5];
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![0b10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101010_10101111, 1];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x = from_str_radix::<10, 4>("96149135622564868513332764767713630331755573676701733681721499377985831780603").unwrap();
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 4>("32049711874188289504444254922571210110585191225567244560573833125995277260201").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x = from_str_radix::<10, 4>("99939187751827453177194542570098438266282603262618044779272964070464092694778").unwrap();
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 4>("33313062583942484392398180856699479422094201087539348259757654690154697564926").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("321087754339295587229459593581818565100").unwrap();
            div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 13985615379161616725);
            let expected: SV = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("22958428759431789116").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("350456851838033882157830312697310132807078125").unwrap();
            let remainder = div_assign_one_word(&mut x, 3);
            let expected: SV = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("116818950612677960719276770899103377602359375").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(x, expected);
            assert_eq!(remainder, 0);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_div_assign_two_words() {
        type SV = SmallVec<[usize; 8]>;

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0xc71b661b8e833636, 0x89ef44975a72d747, 0xbe134785635c9c];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0xdbc78074cfd441a, 0x436471cb87f32d37);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0xdd669098c22a67a];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x495341ae0c1d4c9d, 0xafc3a84744e1bdd7, 0x9f2665d7750936b];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0x1e625595920b59de, 0x4cd07b317475f15b);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0x53ce9359a2696367];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x502283b127ece68a, 0x677d3aecfcf1bc3c, 0x68f95794dd6087d9];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0x882181dcbd42a060, 0xe7925f29a32f6c15);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0xc5687a4d9e248ce2];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x07a772cd1404bcfa, 0xfac7fe101218ac41, 0x60d2d048dcff4cf9];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0xd90be64d0b59e0fc, 0x1e2b418209d3b1c3);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0x723352fc3ea4d57e];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x07a772cd1404bcfa, 0xfac7fe101218ac41, 0x60d2d048dcff4cf9];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0xd90be64d0b59e0fc, 0x1e2b418209d3b1c3);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0x723352fc3ea4d57e];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x49e095c30a7834ba, 0x43c2cd86733285dd];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0x9eb298b9, 0x24dfd1ac14277c6f);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0x6d4ea7e6];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![2, 2];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 1, 1);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![2];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![3, 3];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 1, 1);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![3];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![4, 4];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 1, 1);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![4];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![5, 5];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 1, 1);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![5];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![0x7c480047c60bb55e, 0xeb062cb4eecc1962, 0xf3d645eaefdafcbb, 0xaa438e52cea2f67];
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0x1, 0x89b95e707df60d03);
        let expected: SV = smallvec![0xbe18d24aca377bca, 0xdf9674145900d1b2, 0x6eb4b1c4f2a7557];
        assert_eq!(x, expected);

        let mut x: SV = smallvec![
            0x433,
            0xf7747cec3a9fe67f,
            0xb59c9be2ad81279a,
            0x0b83c9fa41b63a26,
            0xfa1894e7722a708f,
            0xded7355f4c85a8d7,
            0xbf30b813a65f7c5f,
            0x8f2a109f6bc181ec,
            0xe4f6a541276877e1,
            0x30d897894b487313,
            0x34514e0c2155ff80,
            0x91593095743ee9f7,
            0xb5a16a4d2ebd92dd,
            0x17726c637e1f2095,
            0x4576a2783977bf94,
            0x18c1ff62b47c966b,
        ];
        x.reverse();
        div_assign_two_words(&mut x, 0xf8d25129fe48034e, 0xce2ac7f28b9e32a7);
        let mut expected: SV = smallvec![
            0x453,
            0x020e462a9467a570,
            0xa98089d62f0cf3fb,
            0x7cce73193ce9a5ba,
            0x5212767b5668ec0c,
            0xe03e13e6745c98f5,
            0x20028ba3039e5ad7,
            0x24aa943e20d58e45,
            0x67abab1049c7cd02,
            0x7e195ef4a0ea3721,
            0xbb9fcf0be8438259,
            0xc8c5f013d96c0bac,
            0x4472187b4055934e,
            0x510168e6363b0a9d,
        ];
        expected.reverse();
        assert_eq!(x, expected);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_div_assign_n_words() {
        type SV = SmallVec<[usize; 8]>;

        unsafe {
            let mut x: SV = smallvec![3, 3, 3];
            let divisor: SV = smallvec![1, 1, 1];
            div_assign_n_words(&mut x, &divisor);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![3];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![3, 3, 3, 3];
            let divisor: SV = smallvec![1, 1, 1, 1];
            div_assign_n_words(&mut x, &divisor);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![3];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![1, 2, 2, 1];
            let divisor: SV = smallvec![1, 1, 1];
            div_assign_n_words(&mut x, &divisor);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![1, 1];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let mut x: SV = smallvec![
                0x426c694a49d8e6e8,
                0xf7110260b98b2714,
                0xd77eaaba0c9edebb,
                0x1ebf6edad66a22f9,
                0xec91987b2f52425e,
                0x7146b08a5e154,
            ];
            let divisor: SV = smallvec![0x2090b6d374079b2f, 0xd14fd230f03d41d8, 0x2cd0de4066];
            div_assign_n_words(&mut x, &divisor);
            let expected: SV = smallvec![
                0xf1ca2432006aad98,
                0x249ebfb74debc642,
                0x00a2b24c5fc31f96,
                0x2871,
            ];
            assert_eq!(x, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("2100747828964386654022762515454422286805338141171597526655").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("124377463735788844355638570961811809408491806453579232883516419455719409995386620545746110707430").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("59206279792802955257475021319389524506").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("66340974319576186580673555932821260803918451439617771793405532796007979955997").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("5531556390977325409108902596274363253464159901861086117212994122508796415587214298074682227873376596111793924413829607429725414276024416782319480969361066").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("83380692667111604543192945476909633909781675647518842166405860848280411868978").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 16>("1992347045243990842449503776502064971948536211918448267119003695060591740014400435359593740256083").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 16>("3654499318250474693172757739649291715653635067262981937422840725088822515776175998634633525786306916583726172000458682141069104127802225878006025815303036452910827291022357044090986756049186271").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 16>("1834268445838425699471498583098436069780105278538375398579173558288199179079540034875203482666437").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("142268729087956461502980096562052278567181056771418896921355439878811379239371082592244702276923529066641805027456993866599187652312415401581689633076835619997349902283496866883934518180147780692572220001134905589078138942372904801461834736487227807153399879253875716622257676142963030220069542386846904083013").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("7252456712823082542212585366658045326494860607776262852944310011256910113263957063330696718656414605824457239823175193650356457591331064369542847573375007257686284704853458633888565094996322221068283521171280483607120531697151774167084766416806591259535467438714921314021025665937603239468423422410620688117774930154636386606936656901663624871303617480835679579711869190375935696156571040222578860571381388759403807462491128517722779457196431083409666231495318213348827271991515601699351996944570738462943384327888574733153892507856624971047531620359262786242782133454648428176863725230945440923123104182754630675480").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("50977166657187970981301386474604976537069699305338641324851240518727660517573501274819146798100207436562444606589188614868795146045164658432364718026938110714567759476174190690212709288295103108635657622955244936842045087509129539879176516350950354697324349397455737947404894532171357256869229319195873691960").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("24706988736548547364612883218523922197159394885583212169224942104064013913210286893141360630507397731352833232219041").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("45368133537041234648674954054977183524748234400138397585868892868938195954109790513190079637903300546258649431623015017480111206508314126488071014462560267771588450920340284132409380836507386083707657561702555758").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("1836246983426558769656208362027557556985243474218104389708000130056939216565584522486351663864238").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);

            let x = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("82991827507931334051864300791578801450571102014085263148173602366636977594557").unwrap();
            let mut y = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("61060309798889868014077100802497148468561512692425559954910235802350114397858493596422472723116050496081085430947562656270740618299118061128994357736218037512854403413961708").unwrap();
            div_assign_n_words(&mut y, &x);
            let expected = from_str_radix::<10, 8>("735738826730312422682248866495569766911262046946938858983516260451028363751515777406730177431644").unwrap();
            assert_eq!(y, expected);
        }
    }
}