reinhardt-tasks 0.1.0-rc.15

Background task execution and scheduling
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
//! Task Dependency Graph (DAG)
//!
//! Provides a Directed Acyclic Graph implementation for managing complex task dependencies.
//! Unlike `TaskChain` which only supports linear execution, `TaskDAG` enables:
//! - Complex dependency relationships
//! - Detection of tasks ready for parallel execution
//! - Cycle detection
//! - Topological sorting for execution order
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! ```rust
//! use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
//!
//! let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
//!
//! // Add tasks
//! let task_a = TaskId::new();
//! let task_b = TaskId::new();
//! let task_c = TaskId::new();
//!
//! dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
//! dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
//! dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();
//!
//! // Define dependencies: B depends on A, C depends on B
//! dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
//! dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_b).unwrap();
//!
//! // Get execution order
//! let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();
//! assert_eq!(order.len(), 3);
//! ```

use crate::{TaskError, TaskId, TaskResult};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};

/// Task node status within the DAG
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use reinhardt_tasks::TaskNodeStatus;
///
/// let status = TaskNodeStatus::Pending;
/// assert_eq!(status, TaskNodeStatus::Pending);
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub enum TaskNodeStatus {
	/// Task is waiting for dependencies
	Pending,
	/// Task's dependencies are satisfied and ready to execute
	Ready,
	/// Task is currently executing
	Running,
	/// Task completed successfully
	Completed,
	/// Task failed during execution
	Failed,
}

/// A node in the task dependency graph
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
///
/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
/// let node = TaskNode::new(task_id);
/// assert_eq!(node.id(), task_id);
/// assert_eq!(node.status(), TaskNodeStatus::Pending);
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct TaskNode {
	/// Task identifier
	id: TaskId,
	/// IDs of tasks this node depends on
	dependencies: Vec<TaskId>,
	/// Current status of this task
	status: TaskNodeStatus,
}

impl TaskNode {
	/// Create a new task node
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId};
	///
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// let node = TaskNode::new(task_id);
	/// ```
	pub fn new(id: TaskId) -> Self {
		Self {
			id,
			dependencies: Vec::new(),
			status: TaskNodeStatus::Pending,
		}
	}

	/// Get the task ID
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId};
	///
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// let node = TaskNode::new(task_id);
	/// assert_eq!(node.id(), task_id);
	/// ```
	pub fn id(&self) -> TaskId {
		self.id
	}

	/// Get the task dependencies
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId};
	///
	/// let node = TaskNode::new(TaskId::new());
	/// assert_eq!(node.dependencies().len(), 0);
	/// ```
	pub fn dependencies(&self) -> &[TaskId] {
		&self.dependencies
	}

	/// Get the task status
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let node = TaskNode::new(TaskId::new());
	/// assert_eq!(node.status(), TaskNodeStatus::Pending);
	/// ```
	pub fn status(&self) -> TaskNodeStatus {
		self.status
	}

	/// Add a dependency
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut node = TaskNode::new(TaskId::new());
	/// let dep_id = TaskId::new();
	/// node.add_dependency(dep_id);
	/// assert_eq!(node.dependencies().len(), 1);
	/// ```
	pub fn add_dependency(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) {
		if !self.dependencies.contains(&task_id) {
			self.dependencies.push(task_id);
		}
	}

	/// Set the task status
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskNode, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let mut node = TaskNode::new(TaskId::new());
	/// node.set_status(TaskNodeStatus::Running);
	/// assert_eq!(node.status(), TaskNodeStatus::Running);
	/// ```
	pub fn set_status(&mut self, status: TaskNodeStatus) {
		self.status = status;
	}

	/// Remove a dependency from this node
	pub(crate) fn remove_dependency(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) {
		self.dependencies.retain(|&id| id != task_id);
	}
}

/// Directed Acyclic Graph for task dependencies
///
/// Manages complex task dependencies and provides topological sorting for execution order.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
///
/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
/// let task_a = TaskId::new();
/// let task_b = TaskId::new();
///
/// dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
/// dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
/// dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
///
/// let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(order.len(), 2);
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct TaskDAG {
	/// Map of task IDs to task nodes
	nodes: HashMap<TaskId, TaskNode>,
	/// Adjacency list: task -> tasks that depend on it
	dependents: HashMap<TaskId, Vec<TaskId>>,
}

impl TaskDAG {
	/// Create a new empty task DAG
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::TaskDAG;
	///
	/// let dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.task_count(), 0);
	/// ```
	pub fn new() -> Self {
		Self {
			nodes: HashMap::new(),
			dependents: HashMap::new(),
		}
	}

	/// Add a task to the DAG
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.task_count(), 1);
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if the task already exists in the DAG.
	pub fn add_task(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) -> TaskResult<()> {
		if self.nodes.contains_key(&task_id) {
			return Err(TaskError::ExecutionFailed(format!(
				"Task {} already exists in DAG",
				task_id
			)));
		}

		self.nodes.insert(task_id, TaskNode::new(task_id));
		self.dependents.insert(task_id, Vec::new());
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Add a dependency between tasks
	///
	/// `task_id` depends on `depends_on`, meaning `depends_on` must complete before `task_id`.
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_a = TaskId::new();
	/// let task_b = TaskId::new();
	///
	/// dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if:
	/// - Either task doesn't exist in the DAG
	/// - The dependency would create a cycle
	pub fn add_dependency(&mut self, task_id: TaskId, depends_on: TaskId) -> TaskResult<()> {
		// Validate both tasks exist
		if !self.nodes.contains_key(&task_id) {
			return Err(TaskError::TaskNotFound(task_id.to_string()));
		}
		if !self.nodes.contains_key(&depends_on) {
			return Err(TaskError::TaskNotFound(depends_on.to_string()));
		}

		// Add dependency to the task node
		if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get_mut(&task_id) {
			node.add_dependency(depends_on);
		}

		// Add to dependents adjacency list
		if let Some(deps) = self.dependents.get_mut(&depends_on)
			&& !deps.contains(&task_id)
		{
			deps.push(task_id);
		}

		// Verify no cycles were created; roll back the edge on failure
		if let Err(e) = self.detect_cycle() {
			if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get_mut(&task_id) {
				node.remove_dependency(depends_on);
			}
			if let Some(deps) = self.dependents.get_mut(&depends_on) {
				deps.retain(|&id| id != task_id);
			}
			return Err(e);
		}

		Ok(())
	}

	/// Get the number of tasks in the DAG
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// dag.add_task(TaskId::new()).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_task(TaskId::new()).unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.task_count(), 2);
	/// ```
	pub fn task_count(&self) -> usize {
		self.nodes.len()
	}

	/// Get a task node by ID
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();
	///
	/// let node = dag.get_task(task_id);
	/// assert!(node.is_some());
	/// ```
	pub fn get_task(&self, task_id: TaskId) -> Option<&TaskNode> {
		self.nodes.get(&task_id)
	}

	/// Get tasks that are ready to execute (all dependencies satisfied)
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_a = TaskId::new();
	/// let task_b = TaskId::new();
	///
	/// dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
	///
	/// let ready = dag.get_ready_tasks();
	/// assert_eq!(ready.len(), 1); // Only task_a has no dependencies
	/// ```
	pub fn get_ready_tasks(&self) -> Vec<TaskId> {
		self.nodes
			.values()
			.filter(|node| {
				// Task is ready if it's pending and all dependencies are completed
				node.status() == TaskNodeStatus::Pending
					&& node
						.dependencies()
						.iter()
						.all(|dep_id| match self.nodes.get(dep_id) {
							Some(dep_node) => dep_node.status() == TaskNodeStatus::Completed,
							None => false,
						})
			})
			.map(|node| node.id())
			.collect()
	}

	/// Mark a task as completed
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();
	///
	/// dag.mark_completed(task_id).unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(), TaskNodeStatus::Completed);
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if the task doesn't exist in the DAG.
	pub fn mark_completed(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) -> TaskResult<()> {
		let node = self
			.nodes
			.get_mut(&task_id)
			.ok_or_else(|| TaskError::TaskNotFound(task_id.to_string()))?;

		node.set_status(TaskNodeStatus::Completed);
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Mark a task as failed
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();
	///
	/// dag.mark_failed(task_id).unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(), TaskNodeStatus::Failed);
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if the task doesn't exist in the DAG.
	pub fn mark_failed(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) -> TaskResult<()> {
		let node = self
			.nodes
			.get_mut(&task_id)
			.ok_or_else(|| TaskError::TaskNotFound(task_id.to_string()))?;

		node.set_status(TaskNodeStatus::Failed);
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Mark a task as running
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId, TaskNodeStatus};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_id = TaskId::new();
	/// dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();
	///
	/// dag.mark_running(task_id).unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(), TaskNodeStatus::Running);
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if the task doesn't exist in the DAG.
	pub fn mark_running(&mut self, task_id: TaskId) -> TaskResult<()> {
		let node = self
			.nodes
			.get_mut(&task_id)
			.ok_or_else(|| TaskError::TaskNotFound(task_id.to_string()))?;

		node.set_status(TaskNodeStatus::Running);
		Ok(())
	}

	/// Perform topological sort using Kahn's algorithm
	///
	/// Returns an execution order that respects all dependencies.
	///
	/// # Examples
	///
	/// ```rust
	/// use reinhardt_tasks::{TaskDAG, TaskId};
	///
	/// let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
	/// let task_a = TaskId::new();
	/// let task_b = TaskId::new();
	/// let task_c = TaskId::new();
	///
	/// dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
	/// dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_b).unwrap();
	///
	/// let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();
	/// assert_eq!(order.len(), 3);
	/// // task_a must come before task_b, task_b must come before task_c
	/// let a_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_a).unwrap();
	/// let b_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_b).unwrap();
	/// let c_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_c).unwrap();
	/// assert!(a_pos < b_pos);
	/// assert!(b_pos < c_pos);
	/// ```
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if the graph contains a cycle.
	pub fn topological_sort(&self) -> TaskResult<Vec<TaskId>> {
		// Calculate in-degree for each node
		let mut in_degree: HashMap<TaskId, usize> = HashMap::new();
		for (task_id, node) in &self.nodes {
			in_degree.insert(*task_id, node.dependencies().len());
		}

		// Queue of nodes with no dependencies
		let mut queue: VecDeque<TaskId> = in_degree
			.iter()
			.filter(|(_, degree)| **degree == 0)
			.map(|(task_id, _)| *task_id)
			.collect();

		let mut sorted = Vec::new();

		while let Some(task_id) = queue.pop_front() {
			sorted.push(task_id);

			// Reduce in-degree for all dependents
			if let Some(deps) = self.dependents.get(&task_id) {
				for &dependent in deps {
					if let Some(degree) = in_degree.get_mut(&dependent) {
						*degree -= 1;
						if *degree == 0 {
							queue.push_back(dependent);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// If sorted doesn't include all nodes, there's a cycle
		if sorted.len() != self.nodes.len() {
			return Err(TaskError::ExecutionFailed(
				"Cycle detected in task dependencies".to_string(),
			));
		}

		Ok(sorted)
	}

	/// Detect if there's a cycle in the graph using iterative DFS
	///
	/// Uses an explicit stack instead of recursion to avoid stack overflow
	/// on deeply nested dependency graphs.
	///
	/// # Errors
	///
	/// Returns an error if a cycle is detected.
	fn detect_cycle(&self) -> TaskResult<()> {
		let mut visited = HashSet::new();
		let mut rec_stack = HashSet::new();

		for &start_id in self.nodes.keys() {
			if visited.contains(&start_id) {
				continue;
			}

			// Explicit stack: (task_id, dependency_index, is_entering)
			// is_entering=true means we are visiting this node for the first time
			let mut stack: Vec<(TaskId, usize, bool)> = vec![(start_id, 0, true)];

			while let Some((task_id, dep_idx, is_entering)) = stack.last_mut() {
				if *is_entering {
					visited.insert(*task_id);
					rec_stack.insert(*task_id);
					*is_entering = false;
				}

				let deps = self
					.nodes
					.get(task_id)
					.map(|n| n.dependencies())
					.unwrap_or(&[]);

				if *dep_idx < deps.len() {
					let dep_id = deps[*dep_idx];
					*dep_idx += 1;

					if rec_stack.contains(&dep_id) {
						return Err(TaskError::ExecutionFailed(format!(
							"Cycle detected: {} -> {}",
							task_id, dep_id
						)));
					}

					if !visited.contains(&dep_id) {
						stack.push((dep_id, 0, true));
					}
				} else {
					// All dependencies processed, backtrack
					rec_stack.remove(task_id);
					stack.pop();
				}
			}
		}

		Ok(())
	}
}

impl Default for TaskDAG {
	fn default() -> Self {
		Self::new()
	}
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
	use super::*;
	use rstest::rstest;

	#[rstest]
	fn test_dag_creation() {
		// Arrange & Act
		let dag = TaskDAG::new();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(dag.task_count(), 0);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_add_task() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_id = TaskId::new();

		// Act
		dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(dag.task_count(), 1);
		assert!(dag.get_task(task_id).is_some());
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_add_duplicate_task() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_id = TaskId::new();
		dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();

		// Act
		let result = dag.add_task(task_id);

		// Assert
		assert!(result.is_err());
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_add_dependency() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();

		// Act
		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();

		// Assert
		let node_b = dag.get_task(task_b).unwrap();
		assert_eq!(node_b.dependencies().len(), 1);
		assert_eq!(node_b.dependencies()[0], task_a);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_add_dependency_nonexistent_task() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();

		// Act
		let result = dag.add_dependency(task_a, task_b);

		// Assert
		assert!(result.is_err());
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_cycle_detection() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		let task_c = TaskId::new();

		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();

		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_b).unwrap();

		// Act - creating a cycle: a -> b -> c -> a
		let result = dag.add_dependency(task_a, task_c);

		// Assert
		assert!(result.is_err());
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_topological_sort_simple() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		let task_c = TaskId::new();

		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();

		// a -> b -> c
		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_b).unwrap();

		// Act
		let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(order.len(), 3);
		let a_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_a).unwrap();
		let b_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_b).unwrap();
		let c_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_c).unwrap();
		assert!(a_pos < b_pos);
		assert!(b_pos < c_pos);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_topological_sort_diamond() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		let task_c = TaskId::new();
		let task_d = TaskId::new();

		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_d).unwrap();

		// Diamond: a -> b, a -> c, b -> d, c -> d
		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_d, task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_d, task_c).unwrap();

		// Act
		let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(order.len(), 4);
		let a_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_a).unwrap();
		let b_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_b).unwrap();
		let c_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_c).unwrap();
		let d_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_d).unwrap();

		// a must come before b and c
		assert!(a_pos < b_pos);
		assert!(a_pos < c_pos);
		// b and c must come before d
		assert!(b_pos < d_pos);
		assert!(c_pos < d_pos);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_get_ready_tasks() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		let task_c = TaskId::new();

		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();

		// a -> b -> c
		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_b).unwrap();

		// Assert - initially, only task_a should be ready
		let ready = dag.get_ready_tasks();
		assert_eq!(ready.len(), 1);
		assert!(ready.contains(&task_a));

		// Act - after marking a as completed, b should be ready
		dag.mark_completed(task_a).unwrap();
		let ready = dag.get_ready_tasks();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(ready.len(), 1);
		assert!(ready.contains(&task_b));

		// Act - after marking b as completed, c should be ready
		dag.mark_completed(task_b).unwrap();
		let ready = dag.get_ready_tasks();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(ready.len(), 1);
		assert!(ready.contains(&task_c));
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_mark_status() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_id = TaskId::new();
		dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();

		// Assert - initial status
		assert_eq!(
			dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(),
			TaskNodeStatus::Pending
		);

		// Act & Assert - running
		dag.mark_running(task_id).unwrap();
		assert_eq!(
			dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(),
			TaskNodeStatus::Running
		);

		// Act & Assert - completed
		dag.mark_completed(task_id).unwrap();
		assert_eq!(
			dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(),
			TaskNodeStatus::Completed
		);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_mark_failed() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_id = TaskId::new();
		dag.add_task(task_id).unwrap();

		// Act
		dag.mark_failed(task_id).unwrap();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(
			dag.get_task(task_id).unwrap().status(),
			TaskNodeStatus::Failed
		);
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_parallel_execution_detection() {
		// Arrange
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let task_a = TaskId::new();
		let task_b = TaskId::new();
		let task_c = TaskId::new();
		let task_d = TaskId::new();

		dag.add_task(task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_c).unwrap();
		dag.add_task(task_d).unwrap();

		// a -> b, a -> c, (b,c) -> d
		dag.add_dependency(task_b, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_c, task_a).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_d, task_b).unwrap();
		dag.add_dependency(task_d, task_c).unwrap();

		// Act - after completing a, both b and c should be ready
		dag.mark_completed(task_a).unwrap();
		let ready = dag.get_ready_tasks();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(ready.len(), 2);
		assert!(ready.contains(&task_b));
		assert!(ready.contains(&task_c));
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_deep_dependency_chain_does_not_stack_overflow() {
		// Arrange - build a deep linear chain: t0 -> t1 -> t2 -> ... -> t999
		// Iterative DFS handles this without stack overflow, while recursive
		// DFS would fail for sufficiently deep chains.
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let depth = 1000;
		let mut task_ids = Vec::with_capacity(depth);

		for _ in 0..depth {
			let id = TaskId::new();
			dag.add_task(id).unwrap();
			task_ids.push(id);
		}

		for i in 1..depth {
			dag.add_dependency(task_ids[i], task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
		}

		// Act - topological sort and cycle detection should succeed
		let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();

		// Assert
		assert_eq!(order.len(), depth);
		// Verify ordering: each task appears after its dependency
		for i in 1..depth {
			let dep_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
			let task_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_ids[i]).unwrap();
			assert!(dep_pos < task_pos);
		}
	}

	#[rstest]
	fn test_cycle_detection_on_deep_chain_with_back_edge() {
		// Arrange - build a deep chain and then add a back-edge to form a cycle
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let depth = 500;
		let mut task_ids = Vec::with_capacity(depth);

		for _ in 0..depth {
			let id = TaskId::new();
			dag.add_task(id).unwrap();
			task_ids.push(id);
		}

		for i in 1..depth {
			dag.add_dependency(task_ids[i], task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
		}

		// Act - add a back-edge from the first to the last, creating a cycle
		let result = dag.add_dependency(task_ids[0], task_ids[depth - 1]);

		// Assert
		assert!(result.is_err());
	}

	// Regression test for #756: iterative DFS cycle detection must handle chains
	// of 10,000 nodes without a stack overflow. A naive recursive DFS would exhaust
	// the default thread stack (typically 8 MiB) for chains this deep.
	#[rstest]
	fn test_deep_chain_10k_nodes_does_not_stack_overflow() {
		// Arrange - linear chain: t0 -> t1 -> ... -> t9999
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let depth = 10_000;
		let mut task_ids = Vec::with_capacity(depth);

		for _ in 0..depth {
			let id = TaskId::new();
			dag.add_task(id).unwrap();
			task_ids.push(id);
		}

		for i in 1..depth {
			dag.add_dependency(task_ids[i], task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
		}

		// Act - topological sort on the 10k-node chain
		let order = dag.topological_sort().unwrap();

		// Assert - all nodes present and ordering is preserved
		assert_eq!(order.len(), depth);
		for i in 1..depth {
			let prev_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
			let curr_pos = order.iter().position(|&id| id == task_ids[i]).unwrap();
			assert!(
				prev_pos < curr_pos,
				"task_ids[{}] must precede task_ids[{}]",
				i - 1,
				i
			);
		}
	}

	// Regression test for #756: cycle detection on a 10k-node chain with a back-edge
	// must correctly detect the cycle using the iterative algorithm.
	#[rstest]
	fn test_deep_chain_10k_nodes_back_edge_detected() {
		// Arrange - linear chain of 10,000 nodes
		let mut dag = TaskDAG::new();
		let depth = 10_000;
		let mut task_ids = Vec::with_capacity(depth);

		for _ in 0..depth {
			let id = TaskId::new();
			dag.add_task(id).unwrap();
			task_ids.push(id);
		}

		for i in 1..depth {
			dag.add_dependency(task_ids[i], task_ids[i - 1]).unwrap();
		}

		// Act - add a back-edge from the first node to the last node
		let result = dag.add_dependency(task_ids[0], task_ids[depth - 1]);

		// Assert - cycle must be detected
		assert!(
			result.is_err(),
			"back-edge cycle must be detected in 10k chain"
		);
	}
}