reifydb_sql/

emit.rs

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
// Copyright (c) 2025 ReifyDB

use std::collections::HashSet;

use crate::{Error, ast::*};

pub fn emit(stmt: &Statement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	match stmt {
		Statement::Select(sel) => emit_select_top(sel),
		Statement::Insert(ins) => emit_insert(ins),
		Statement::Update(upd) => emit_update(upd),
		Statement::Delete(del) => emit_delete(del),
		Statement::CreateTable(ct) => emit_create_table(ct),
		Statement::CreateIndex(ci) => emit_create_index(ci),
		Statement::DropTable(dt) => emit_drop_table(dt),
	}
}

fn emit_select_top(sel: &SelectStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut cte_names = HashSet::new();
	let mut parts = Vec::new();

	// Emit each CTE as a LET $name = <pipeline>
	for cte in &sel.ctes {
		let name_lower = cte.name.to_ascii_lowercase();
		let pipeline = emit_select_inner(&cte.query, &cte_names)?;
		parts.push(format!("LET ${name_lower} = {pipeline}"));
		cte_names.insert(name_lower);
	}

	// Emit the main SELECT
	parts.push(emit_select_inner(sel, &cte_names)?);

	Ok(parts.join("; "))
}

fn emit_select(sel: &SelectStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	emit_select_inner(sel, &HashSet::new())
}

fn emit_select_inner(sel: &SelectStatement, cte_names: &HashSet<String>) -> Result<String, Error> {
	// If there is no FROM clause, this is a computed-only SELECT
	if sel.from.is_none() {
		let base = emit_select_no_from(sel)?;
		// Handle set operations even without FROM
		if let Some((op, right)) = &sel.set_op {
			let right_rql = emit_select_inner(right, cte_names)?;
			let op_str = match op {
				SetOp::Union => "UNION",
				SetOp::UnionAll => "UNION ALL",
				SetOp::Intersect => "INTERSECT",
				SetOp::Except => "EXCEPT",
			};
			return Ok(format!("{op_str} {{{base}}} {{{right_rql}}}"));
		}
		return Ok(base);
	}

	let mut parts = Vec::new();

	// FROM
	let from = sel.from.as_ref().unwrap();
	parts.push(emit_from_clause(from, cte_names)?);

	// JOINs
	for join in &sel.joins {
		parts.push(emit_join(join, cte_names)?);
	}

	// FILTER (WHERE)
	if let Some(ref where_clause) = sel.where_clause {
		parts.push(format!("FILTER {{{}}}", emit_expr(where_clause)?));
	}

	// AGGREGATE (GROUP BY with aggregate functions)
	let has_aggregates = has_aggregate_functions(&sel.columns);
	if has_aggregates || !sel.group_by.is_empty() {
		let agg_exprs = collect_aggregate_columns(&sel.columns)?;
		let by_exprs = emit_expr_comma_list(&sel.group_by)?;

		if !agg_exprs.is_empty() {
			let mut agg_str = format!("AGGREGATE {{{agg_exprs}}}");
			if !sel.group_by.is_empty() {
				agg_str.push_str(&format!(" BY {{{by_exprs}}}"));
			}
			parts.push(agg_str);
		}

		// HAVING
		if let Some(ref having) = sel.having {
			parts.push(format!("FILTER {{{}}}", emit_expr(having)?));
		}

		// MAP only non-aggregate columns that aren't already in GROUP BY
		let map_exprs = collect_non_aggregate_map_columns(sel)?;
		if !map_exprs.is_empty() {
			parts.push(format!("MAP {{{map_exprs}}}"));
		}
	} else {
		// DISTINCT
		if sel.distinct {
			if is_all_columns(&sel.columns) {
				parts.push("DISTINCT {}".into());
			} else {
				let cols = emit_select_columns_plain(&sel.columns)?;
				parts.push(format!("DISTINCT {{{cols}}}"));
			}
		}
		// MAP (column projection) — only if not SELECT *
		else if !is_all_columns(&sel.columns) {
			let cols = emit_select_columns(&sel.columns)?;
			parts.push(format!("MAP {{{cols}}}"));
		}
	}

	// SORT (ORDER BY)
	if !sel.order_by.is_empty() {
		let sort = emit_order_by(&sel.order_by)?;
		parts.push(format!("SORT {{{sort}}}"));
	}

	// TAKE (LIMIT)
	if let Some(limit) = sel.limit {
		parts.push(format!("TAKE {limit}"));
	}

	// OFFSET
	if let Some(offset) = sel.offset {
		parts.push(format!("OFFSET {offset}"));
	}

	let base = parts.join(" ");

	// Handle set operations: UNION / INTERSECT / EXCEPT
	if let Some((op, right)) = &sel.set_op {
		let right_rql = emit_select_inner(right, cte_names)?;
		let op_str = match op {
			SetOp::Union => "UNION",
			SetOp::UnionAll => "UNION ALL",
			SetOp::Intersect => "INTERSECT",
			SetOp::Except => "EXCEPT",
		};
		return Ok(format!("{op_str} {{{base}}} {{{right_rql}}}"));
	}

	Ok(base)
}

fn emit_select_no_from(sel: &SelectStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let cols = emit_select_columns(&sel.columns)?;
	Ok(format!("MAP {{{cols}}}"))
}

fn emit_from_clause(from: &FromClause, cte_names: &HashSet<String>) -> Result<String, Error> {
	match from {
		FromClause::Table {
			name,
			shape,
			alias,
		} => {
			if shape.is_none() && cte_names.contains(&name.to_ascii_lowercase()) {
				let base = format!("FROM ${}", name.to_ascii_lowercase());
				if let Some(alias) = alias {
					Ok(format!("{base} AS {alias}"))
				} else {
					Ok(base)
				}
			} else if let Some(shape) = shape {
				let base = format!("FROM {shape}::{name}");
				if let Some(alias) = alias {
					Ok(format!("{base} AS {alias}"))
				} else {
					Ok(base)
				}
			} else {
				let base = format!("FROM {name}");
				if let Some(alias) = alias {
					Ok(format!("{base} AS {alias}"))
				} else {
					Ok(base)
				}
			}
		}
		FromClause::Subquery(sel) => {
			let inner = emit_select(sel)?;
			Ok(format!("FROM {{{inner}}}"))
		}
	}
}

fn emit_join(join: &JoinClause, cte_names: &HashSet<String>) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let join_kw = match join.join_type {
		JoinType::Inner => "JOIN",
		JoinType::Left => "LEFT JOIN",
		JoinType::Cross => "CROSS JOIN",
	};

	let table_name = match &join.table {
		FromClause::Table {
			name,
			shape,
			..
		} => {
			if shape.is_none() && cte_names.contains(&name.to_ascii_lowercase()) {
				format!("${}", name.to_ascii_lowercase())
			} else if let Some(shape) = shape {
				format!("{shape}::{name}")
			} else {
				name.clone()
			}
		}
		FromClause::Subquery(sel) => emit_select(sel)?,
	};

	let alias = join
		.table_alias
		.as_deref()
		.or(match &join.table {
			FromClause::Table {
				name,
				..
			} => Some(name.as_str()),
			_ => None,
		})
		.unwrap_or("_");

	// For CROSS JOIN, no USING clause
	if matches!(join.join_type, JoinType::Cross) {
		return Ok(format!("{join_kw} {{FROM {table_name}}} AS {alias}"));
	}

	// Extract USING columns from the ON condition
	let using = emit_join_using(&join.on, alias)?;

	Ok(format!("{join_kw} {{FROM {table_name}}} AS {alias} USING ({using})"))
}

/// Convert a JOIN ON condition like `t1.a = t2.b` to USING `(a, t2.b)` format.
fn emit_join_using(on_expr: &Expr, right_alias: &str) -> Result<String, Error> {
	match on_expr {
		Expr::BinaryOp {
			left,
			op: BinaryOp::Eq,
			right,
		} => {
			let (left_col, right_col) = extract_join_columns(left, right, right_alias)?;
			Ok(format!("{left_col}, {right_col}"))
		}
		Expr::BinaryOp {
			left,
			op: BinaryOp::And,
			right,
		} => {
			let l = emit_join_using(left, right_alias)?;
			let r = emit_join_using(right, right_alias)?;
			Ok(format!("{l}, {r}"))
		}
		_ => {
			// Fallback: emit as a filter-like expression
			emit_expr(on_expr)
		}
	}
}

fn extract_join_columns(left: &Expr, right: &Expr, right_alias: &str) -> Result<(String, String), Error> {
	let left_col = match left {
		Expr::QualifiedIdentifier(_table, col) => col.clone(),
		Expr::Identifier(col) => col.clone(),
		_ => emit_expr(left)?,
	};
	let right_col = match right {
		Expr::QualifiedIdentifier(table, col) => format!("{table}.{col}"),
		Expr::Identifier(col) => format!("{right_alias}.{col}"),
		_ => emit_expr(right)?,
	};
	Ok((left_col, right_col))
}

fn emit_insert(ins: &InsertStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = ins.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", ins.table)
	} else {
		ins.table.clone()
	};

	match &ins.source {
		InsertSource::Values(values) => {
			let mut rows = Vec::new();
			for row_values in values {
				if ins.columns.is_empty() {
					// No column names — emit positional tuple
					let vals: Result<Vec<_>, _> = row_values.iter().map(emit_expr).collect();
					rows.push(format!("({})", vals?.join(", ")));
				} else {
					// Named columns — emit record
					let mut fields = Vec::new();
					for (i, val) in row_values.iter().enumerate() {
						let col_name = if i < ins.columns.len() {
							&ins.columns[i]
						} else {
							return Err(Error("more values than columns in INSERT".into()));
						};
						fields.push(format!("{}: {}", col_name, emit_expr(val)?));
					}
					rows.push(format!("{{{}}}", fields.join(", ")));
				}
			}
			Ok(format!("INSERT {} [{}]", table, rows.join(", ")))
		}
		InsertSource::Select(sel) => {
			let select_rql = emit_select(sel)?;
			if ins.columns.is_empty() {
				Ok(format!("INSERT {table} {{{select_rql}}}"))
			} else {
				let cols = ins.columns.join(", ");
				Ok(format!("INSERT {table} ({cols}) {{{select_rql}}}"))
			}
		}
	}
}

fn emit_update(upd: &UpdateStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = upd.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", upd.table)
	} else {
		upd.table.clone()
	};

	let mut assignments = Vec::new();
	for (col, val) in &upd.assignments {
		assignments.push(format!("{}: {}", col, emit_expr(val)?));
	}

	let mut result = format!("UPDATE {} {{{}}}", table, assignments.join(", "));

	if let Some(ref where_clause) = upd.where_clause {
		result.push_str(&format!(" FILTER {{{}}}", emit_expr(where_clause)?));
	}

	Ok(result)
}

fn emit_delete(del: &DeleteStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = del.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", del.table)
	} else {
		del.table.clone()
	};

	let mut result = format!("DELETE {table}");

	if let Some(ref where_clause) = del.where_clause {
		result.push_str(&format!(" FILTER {{{}}}", emit_expr(where_clause)?));
	}

	Ok(result)
}

fn emit_create_table(ct: &CreateTableStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = ct.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", ct.table)
	} else {
		ct.table.clone()
	};

	let mut cols = Vec::new();
	for col in &ct.columns {
		let ty = emit_rql_type(&col.data_type);
		if col.nullable {
			cols.push(format!("{}: Option({})", col.name, ty));
		} else {
			cols.push(format!("{}: {}", col.name, ty));
		}
	}

	let if_ne = if ct.if_not_exists {
		" IF NOT EXISTS"
	} else {
		""
	};
	let mut result = format!("CREATE TABLE{if_ne} {} {{{}}}", table, cols.join(", "));

	if !ct.primary_key.is_empty() {
		result.push_str(&format!("; CREATE PRIMARY KEY ON {} {{{}}}", table, ct.primary_key.join(", ")));
	}

	Ok(result)
}

fn emit_create_index(ci: &CreateIndexStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let unique = if ci.unique {
		"UNIQUE "
	} else {
		""
	};
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = ci.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", ci.table)
	} else {
		ci.table.clone()
	};

	let mut col_parts = Vec::new();
	for col in &ci.columns {
		match &col.direction {
			Some(OrderDirection::Desc) => col_parts.push(format!("{}:desc", col.name)),
			Some(OrderDirection::Asc) => col_parts.push(format!("{}:asc", col.name)),
			None => col_parts.push(col.name.clone()),
		}
	}

	Ok(format!("CREATE {unique}INDEX {} ON {table} {{{}}}", ci.index_name, col_parts.join(", ")))
}

fn emit_drop_table(dt: &DropTableStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let table = if let Some(ref shape) = dt.shape {
		format!("{shape}::{}", dt.table)
	} else {
		dt.table.clone()
	};

	let if_exists = if dt.if_exists {
		" IF EXISTS"
	} else {
		""
	};
	Ok(format!("DROP TABLE{if_exists} {table}"))
}

fn emit_rql_type(ty: &SqlType) -> &'static str {
	match ty {
		SqlType::Int | SqlType::Int4 | SqlType::Integer => "int4",
		SqlType::Int2 | SqlType::Smallint => "int2",
		SqlType::Int8 | SqlType::Bigint => "int8",
		SqlType::Float4 | SqlType::Real => "float4",
		SqlType::Float8 | SqlType::Double | SqlType::FloatType | SqlType::Numeric => "float8",
		SqlType::Boolean | SqlType::Bool => "bool",
		SqlType::Varchar(_) | SqlType::Char(_) | SqlType::Text | SqlType::Utf8 => "utf8",
		SqlType::Blob => "blob",
	}
}

fn emit_expr(expr: &Expr) -> Result<String, Error> {
	match expr {
		Expr::Identifier(name) => Ok(name.clone()),
		Expr::QualifiedIdentifier(table, col) => Ok(format!("{table}.{col}")),
		Expr::IntegerLiteral(n) => Ok(n.to_string()),
		Expr::FloatLiteral(f) => Ok(format_float(*f)),
		Expr::StringLiteral(s) => Ok(format!("'{s}'")),
		Expr::BoolLiteral(b) => Ok(if *b {
			"true"
		} else {
			"false"
		}
		.into()),
		Expr::Null => Ok("none".into()),
		Expr::BinaryOp {
			left,
			op,
			right,
		} => {
			let l = emit_expr(left)?;
			let r = emit_expr(right)?;
			match op {
				BinaryOp::Concat => Ok(format!("text::concat({l}, {r})")),
				_ => {
					let op_str = match op {
						BinaryOp::Eq => "==",
						BinaryOp::NotEq => "!=",
						BinaryOp::Lt => "<",
						BinaryOp::Gt => ">",
						BinaryOp::LtEq => "<=",
						BinaryOp::GtEq => ">=",
						BinaryOp::And => "and",
						BinaryOp::Or => "or",
						BinaryOp::Add => "+",
						BinaryOp::Sub => "-",
						BinaryOp::Mul => "*",
						BinaryOp::Div => "/",
						BinaryOp::Mod => "%",
						BinaryOp::Concat => unreachable!(),
					};
					Ok(format!("{l} {op_str} {r}"))
				}
			}
		}
		Expr::UnaryOp {
			op,
			expr,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			match op {
				UnaryOp::Not => Ok(format!("not {e}")),
				UnaryOp::Neg => Ok(format!("-{e}")),
			}
		}
		Expr::FunctionCall {
			name,
			args,
		} => {
			let func_name = sql_to_rql_function(name)?;
			let arg_strs: Result<Vec<_>, _> = args.iter().map(emit_expr).collect();
			let args_str = arg_strs?.join(", ");
			Ok(format!("{func_name}({args_str})"))
		}
		Expr::Between {
			expr,
			low,
			high,
			negated,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			let l = emit_expr(low)?;
			let h = emit_expr(high)?;
			if *negated {
				Ok(format!("not ({e} between {l} and {h})"))
			} else {
				Ok(format!("{e} between {l} and {h}"))
			}
		}
		Expr::InList {
			expr,
			list,
			negated,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			let items: Result<Vec<_>, _> = list.iter().map(emit_expr).collect();
			let items_str = items?.join(", ");
			if *negated {
				Ok(format!("not ({e} in ({items_str}))"))
			} else {
				Ok(format!("{e} in ({items_str})"))
			}
		}
		Expr::InSelect {
			expr,
			subquery,
			negated,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			let sub = emit_select(subquery)?;
			if *negated {
				Ok(format!("not ({e} in ({{{sub}}}))"))
			} else {
				Ok(format!("{e} in ({{{sub}}})"))
			}
		}
		Expr::IsNull {
			expr,
			negated,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			if *negated {
				Ok(format!("{e} != none"))
			} else {
				Ok(format!("{e} == none"))
			}
		}
		Expr::Cast {
			expr,
			data_type,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			let ty = emit_rql_type(data_type);
			Ok(format!("cast({e}, {ty})"))
		}
		Expr::Nested(inner) => {
			let e = emit_expr(inner)?;
			Ok(format!("({e})"))
		}
		Expr::Case {
			operand,
			when_clauses,
			else_clause,
		} => emit_case(operand, when_clauses, else_clause),
		Expr::Exists(sel) => {
			let inner = emit_select(sel)?;
			Ok(format!("exists({{{inner}}})"))
		}
		Expr::Subquery(sel) => {
			let inner = emit_select(sel)?;
			Ok(format!("{{{inner}}}"))
		}
		Expr::Like {
			expr,
			pattern,
			negated,
		} => {
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			let p = emit_expr(pattern)?;
			if *negated {
				Ok(format!("not ({e} like {p})"))
			} else {
				Ok(format!("{e} like {p}"))
			}
		}
	}
}

fn emit_case(
	operand: &Option<Box<Expr>>,
	when_clauses: &[(Expr, Expr)],
	else_clause: &Option<Box<Expr>>,
) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut parts = Vec::new();

	for (i, (condition, result)) in when_clauses.iter().enumerate() {
		let cond_str = if let Some(op) = operand {
			let op_str = emit_expr(op)?;
			let val_str = emit_expr(condition)?;
			format!("{op_str} == {val_str}")
		} else {
			emit_expr(condition)?
		};
		let result_str = emit_expr(result)?;

		if i == 0 {
			parts.push(format!("if {cond_str} {{ {result_str} }}"));
		} else {
			parts.push(format!("else if {cond_str} {{ {result_str} }}"));
		}
	}

	if let Some(else_expr) = else_clause {
		let else_str = emit_expr(else_expr)?;
		parts.push(format!("else {{ {else_str} }}"));
	}

	Ok(parts.join(" "))
}

fn format_float(f: f64) -> String {
	let s = f.to_string();
	if s.contains('.') {
		s
	} else {
		format!("{s}.0")
	}
}

fn is_all_columns(cols: &[SelectColumn]) -> bool {
	cols.len() == 1 && matches!(cols[0], SelectColumn::AllColumns)
}

fn has_aggregate_functions(cols: &[SelectColumn]) -> bool {
	cols.iter().any(|c| match c {
		SelectColumn::Expr {
			expr,
			..
		} => expr_has_aggregate(expr),
		_ => false,
	})
}

fn expr_has_aggregate(expr: &Expr) -> bool {
	match expr {
		Expr::FunctionCall {
			name,
			..
		} => {
			let upper = name.to_uppercase();
			// Check for aggregate function names (with or without _DISTINCT suffix)
			let base = upper.strip_suffix("_DISTINCT").unwrap_or(&upper);
			matches!(
				sql_to_rql_function(base),
				Ok("math::count" | "math::sum" | "math::avg" | "math::min" | "math::max")
			)
		}
		Expr::BinaryOp {
			left,
			right,
			..
		} => expr_has_aggregate(left) || expr_has_aggregate(right),
		Expr::UnaryOp {
			expr,
			..
		} => expr_has_aggregate(expr),
		Expr::Nested(inner) => expr_has_aggregate(inner),
		Expr::Case {
			when_clauses,
			else_clause,
			..
		} => {
			when_clauses.iter().any(|(c, r)| expr_has_aggregate(c) || expr_has_aggregate(r))
				|| else_clause.as_ref().is_some_and(|e| expr_has_aggregate(e))
		}
		_ => false,
	}
}

fn collect_aggregate_columns(cols: &[SelectColumn]) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut agg_exprs = Vec::new();
	for col in cols {
		if let SelectColumn::Expr {
			expr,
			alias,
		} = col && expr_has_aggregate(expr)
		{
			let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
			if let Some(alias) = alias {
				agg_exprs.push(format!("{alias}: {e}"));
			} else {
				agg_exprs.push(e);
			}
		}
	}
	Ok(agg_exprs.join(", "))
}

fn collect_non_aggregate_map_columns(sel: &SelectStatement) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut map_exprs = Vec::new();
	for col in &sel.columns {
		if let SelectColumn::Expr {
			expr,
			alias,
		} = col && !expr_has_aggregate(expr)
		{
			// Check if this column is already in GROUP BY
			let is_in_group_by = sel.group_by.iter().any(|gb| expr_eq(gb, expr));
			if !is_in_group_by {
				let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
				if let Some(alias) = alias {
					map_exprs.push(format!("{alias}: {e}"));
				} else {
					map_exprs.push(e);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	Ok(map_exprs.join(", "))
}

fn emit_select_columns(cols: &[SelectColumn]) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut parts = Vec::new();
	for col in cols {
		match col {
			SelectColumn::AllColumns => parts.push("*".into()),
			SelectColumn::Expr {
				expr,
				alias,
			} => {
				let e = emit_expr(expr)?;
				if let Some(alias) = alias {
					parts.push(format!("{alias}: {e}"));
				} else {
					parts.push(e);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	Ok(parts.join(", "))
}

fn emit_select_columns_plain(cols: &[SelectColumn]) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut parts = Vec::new();
	for col in cols {
		match col {
			SelectColumn::AllColumns => parts.push("*".into()),
			SelectColumn::Expr {
				expr,
				..
			} => {
				parts.push(emit_expr(expr)?);
			}
		}
	}
	Ok(parts.join(", "))
}

fn sql_to_rql_function(name: &str) -> Result<&'static str, Error> {
	match name.to_uppercase().as_str() {
		// Aggregates
		"COUNT" | "COUNT_DISTINCT" => Ok("math::count"),
		"SUM" | "SUM_DISTINCT" => Ok("math::sum"),
		"AVG" | "AVG_DISTINCT" => Ok("math::avg"),
		"MIN" | "MIN_DISTINCT" => Ok("math::min"),
		"MAX" | "MAX_DISTINCT" => Ok("math::max"),
		"TOTAL" => Ok("math::sum"),
		// Math scalar
		"ABS" => Ok("math::abs"),
		"ACOS" => Ok("math::acos"),
		"ASIN" => Ok("math::asin"),
		"ATAN" => Ok("math::atan"),
		"ATAN2" => Ok("math::atan2"),
		"CEIL" | "CEILING" => Ok("math::ceil"),
		"COS" => Ok("math::cos"),
		"EXP" => Ok("math::exp"),
		"FLOOR" => Ok("math::floor"),
		"GCD" => Ok("math::gcd"),
		"LCM" => Ok("math::lcm"),
		"LOG" => Ok("math::log"),
		"LOG10" => Ok("math::log10"),
		"LOG2" => Ok("math::log2"),
		"MOD" => Ok("math::mod"),
		"PI" => Ok("math::pi"),
		"POWER" | "POW" => Ok("math::power"),
		"ROUND" => Ok("math::round"),
		"SIGN" => Ok("math::sign"),
		"SIN" => Ok("math::sin"),
		"SQRT" => Ok("math::sqrt"),
		"TAN" => Ok("math::tan"),
		"TRUNCATE" | "TRUNC" => Ok("math::truncate"),
		"RANDOM" => Ok("math::random"),
		// Text
		"ASCII" => Ok("text::ascii"),
		"CHAR" | "CHR" => Ok("text::char"),
		"CONCAT" => Ok("text::concat"),
		"LENGTH" | "LEN" | "CHAR_LENGTH" | "CHARACTER_LENGTH" => Ok("text::length"),
		"LOWER" | "LCASE" => Ok("text::lower"),
		"LPAD" => Ok("text::pad_left"),
		"REPEAT" => Ok("text::repeat"),
		"REPLACE" => Ok("text::replace"),
		"REVERSE" => Ok("text::reverse"),
		"RPAD" => Ok("text::pad_right"),
		"SUBSTRING" | "SUBSTR" => Ok("text::substring"),
		"TRIM" => Ok("text::trim"),
		"LTRIM" => Ok("text::trim_start"),
		"RTRIM" => Ok("text::trim_end"),
		"UPPER" | "UCASE" => Ok("text::upper"),
		"TYPEOF" => Ok("type::of"),
		"UNICODE" => Ok("text::unicode"),
		"INSTR" => Ok("text::instr"),
		"HEX" => Ok("text::hex"),
		"QUOTE" => Ok("text::quote"),
		"ZEROBLOB" => Ok("blob::zeroblob"),
		"GROUP_CONCAT" => Ok("text::group_concat"),
		// COALESCE and NULLIF handled as regular function calls
		"COALESCE" => Ok("coalesce"),
		"NULLIF" => Ok("nullif"),
		"IIF" => Ok("iif"),
		"IFNULL" => Ok("ifnull"),
		"PRINTF" => Ok("text::printf"),
		_ => Err(Error(format!("no SQL-to-RQL mapping for function: {name}"))),
	}
}

fn emit_order_by(items: &[OrderByItem]) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let mut parts = Vec::new();
	for item in items {
		let e = emit_expr(&item.expr)?;
		match item.direction {
			OrderDirection::Asc => parts.push(format!("{e}:asc")),
			OrderDirection::Desc => parts.push(format!("{e}:desc")),
		};
	}
	Ok(parts.join(", "))
}

fn emit_expr_comma_list(exprs: &[Expr]) -> Result<String, Error> {
	let parts: Result<Vec<_>, _> = exprs.iter().map(emit_expr).collect();
	Ok(parts?.join(", "))
}

/// Simple structural equality check for expressions (for GROUP BY dedup).
fn expr_eq(a: &Expr, b: &Expr) -> bool {
	match (a, b) {
		(Expr::Identifier(a), Expr::Identifier(b)) => a == b,
		(Expr::QualifiedIdentifier(at, ac), Expr::QualifiedIdentifier(bt, bc)) => at == bt && ac == bc,
		_ => false,
	}
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
	use super::*;
	use crate::{parser::Parser, token::tokenize};

	fn transpile(sql: &str) -> String {
		let tokens = tokenize(sql).unwrap();
		let stmt = Parser::new(tokens).parse().unwrap();
		emit(&stmt).unwrap()
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_select_star() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM users"), "FROM users");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_select_columns() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT id, name FROM users"), "FROM users MAP {id, name}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_select_alias() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT id, name AS username FROM users"), "FROM users MAP {id, username: name}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_where() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 18"), "FROM users FILTER {age > 18}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_order_by() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY name ASC"), "FROM users SORT {name:asc}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_limit() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 10"), "FROM users TAKE 10");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_insert() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("INSERT INTO users (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Alice')"),
			"INSERT users [{id: 1, name: 'Alice'}]"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_update() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("UPDATE users SET name = 'Bob' WHERE id = 1"),
			"UPDATE users {name: 'Bob'} FILTER {id == 1}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_delete() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 1"), "DELETE users FILTER {id == 1}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_table() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE users (id INT, name TEXT, active BOOLEAN)"),
			"CREATE TABLE users {id: Option(int4), name: Option(utf8), active: Option(bool)}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_table_not_null() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE t (id INT NOT NULL, name TEXT)"),
			"CREATE TABLE t {id: int4, name: Option(utf8)}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_null_to_none() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT NULL"), "MAP {none}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_not_equal() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE a <> b"), "FROM t FILTER {a != b}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_and_or() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE a = 1 AND b = 2"), "FROM t FILTER {a == 1 and b == 2}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_distinct() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT DISTINCT name FROM users"), "FROM users DISTINCT {name}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_group_by_aggregate() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT COUNT(id) FROM users GROUP BY dept"),
			"FROM users AGGREGATE {math::count(id)} BY {dept}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_cast() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT CAST(x AS INT)"), "MAP {cast(x, int4)}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_between() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE x BETWEEN 1 AND 10"), "FROM t FILTER {x between 1 and 10}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_in_list() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE x IN (1, 2, 3)"), "FROM t FILTER {x in (1, 2, 3)}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_is_null() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE x IS NULL"), "FROM t FILTER {x == none}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_is_not_null() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE x IS NOT NULL"), "FROM t FILTER {x != none}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_join() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON t1.a = t2.b"),
			"FROM t1 JOIN {FROM t2} AS t2 USING (a, t2.b)"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_left_join() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.a = t2.b"),
			"FROM t1 LEFT JOIN {FROM t2} AS t2 USING (a, t2.b)"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_select_no_from() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT 1 + 2"), "MAP {1 + 2}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_multiple_insert_rows() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("INSERT INTO t (a, b) VALUES (1, 2), (3, 4)"),
			"INSERT t [{a: 1, b: 2}, {a: 3, b: 4}]"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_shape_qualified_table() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM test.users"), "FROM test::users");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_simple_cte() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("WITH t AS (SELECT * FROM users WHERE active = true) SELECT * FROM t"),
			"LET $t = FROM users FILTER {active == true}; FROM $t"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_insert_without_columns() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1, 'true')"), "INSERT t1 [(1, 'true')]");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_table_primary_key() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE t (v1 INT NOT NULL, v2 INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(v1))"),
			"CREATE TABLE t {v1: int4, v2: int4}; CREATE PRIMARY KEY ON t {v1}"
		);
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE t (a INT NOT NULL, b INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(a, b))"),
			"CREATE TABLE t {a: int4, b: int4}; CREATE PRIMARY KEY ON t {a, b}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_multiple_ctes() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM users), b AS (SELECT id FROM a) SELECT * FROM b"),
			"LET $a = FROM users; LET $b = FROM $a MAP {id}; FROM $b"
		);
	}

	// CASE expressions
	#[test]
	fn test_case_when_single() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT CASE WHEN x > 0 THEN 'pos' END FROM t"),
			"FROM t MAP {if x > 0 { 'pos' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_when_multiple() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT CASE WHEN x > 0 THEN 'pos' WHEN x < 0 THEN 'neg' END FROM t"),
			"FROM t MAP {if x > 0 { 'pos' } else if x < 0 { 'neg' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_when_else() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT CASE WHEN x > 0 THEN 'pos' ELSE 'non-pos' END FROM t"),
			"FROM t MAP {if x > 0 { 'pos' } else { 'non-pos' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_simple() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT CASE x WHEN 1 THEN 'one' WHEN 2 THEN 'two' ELSE 'other' END FROM t"),
			"FROM t MAP {if x == 1 { 'one' } else if x == 2 { 'two' } else { 'other' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_in_where() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE CASE WHEN a > 10 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END = 1"),
			"FROM t FILTER {if a > 10 { 1 } else { 0 } == 1}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_nested() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile(
				"SELECT CASE WHEN a > 0 THEN CASE WHEN b > 0 THEN 'pp' ELSE 'pn' END ELSE 'neg' END FROM t"
			),
			"FROM t MAP {if a > 0 { if b > 0 { 'pp' } else { 'pn' } } else { 'neg' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_in_select_projection() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT id, CASE WHEN active = true THEN 'yes' ELSE 'no' END AS status FROM users"),
			"FROM users MAP {id, status: if active == true { 'yes' } else { 'no' }}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_case_with_aggregate() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN x > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) FROM t"),
			"FROM t AGGREGATE {math::sum(if x > 0 { 1 } else { 0 })}"
		);
	}

	// EXISTS / Subqueries
	#[test]
	fn test_exists_in_where() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE t2.a = t1.a)"),
			"FROM t1 FILTER {exists({FROM t2 FILTER {t2.a == t1.a} MAP {1}})}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_not_exists_in_where() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM t2 WHERE t2.a = t1.a)"),
			"FROM t1 FILTER {not exists({FROM t2 FILTER {t2.a == t1.a} MAP {1}})}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_scalar_subquery_in_select() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t2) FROM t1"),
			"FROM t1 MAP {{FROM t2 AGGREGATE {math::count(*)}}}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_scalar_subquery_in_where() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a > (SELECT MIN(b) FROM t2)"),
			"FROM t1 FILTER {a > {FROM t2 AGGREGATE {math::min(b)}}}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_in_subquery() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a IN (SELECT b FROM t2)"),
			"FROM t1 FILTER {a in ({FROM t2 MAP {b}})}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_not_in_subquery() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE a NOT IN (SELECT b FROM t2)"),
			"FROM t1 FILTER {not (a in ({FROM t2 MAP {b}}))}"
		);
	}

	// CREATE INDEX
	#[test]
	fn test_create_index_basic() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 (a)"), "CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 {a}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_unique_index() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx1 ON t1 (a)"), "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx1 ON t1 {a}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_composite_index() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 (a, b, c)"), "CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 {a, b, c}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_create_index_with_direction() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 (a DESC, b ASC)"),
			"CREATE INDEX idx1 ON t1 {a:desc, b:asc}"
		);
	}

	// DROP TABLE
	#[test]
	fn test_drop_table() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("DROP TABLE t1"), "DROP TABLE t1");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_drop_table_if_exists() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1"), "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t1");
	}

	// INSERT...SELECT
	#[test]
	fn test_insert_select() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("INSERT INTO t1 SELECT * FROM t2"), "INSERT t1 {FROM t2}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_insert_select_with_columns() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("INSERT INTO t1 (a, b) SELECT x, y FROM t2"),
			"INSERT t1 (a, b) {FROM t2 MAP {x, y}}"
		);
	}

	// LIKE
	#[test]
	fn test_like_basic() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE name LIKE '%foo%'"), "FROM t FILTER {name like '%foo%'}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_not_like() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE name NOT LIKE '%foo%'"),
			"FROM t FILTER {not (name like '%foo%')}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_like_with_special() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t WHERE name LIKE 'a_b%'"), "FROM t FILTER {name like 'a_b%'}");
	}

	// Column-level PRIMARY KEY
	#[test]
	fn test_column_primary_key() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE t (id INT PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)"),
			"CREATE TABLE t {id: int4, name: Option(utf8)}; CREATE PRIMARY KEY ON t {id}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_mixed_primary_key() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE t (id INT PRIMARY KEY, val INT NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id))"),
			"CREATE TABLE t {id: int4, val: int4}; CREATE PRIMARY KEY ON t {id}"
		);
	}

	// Table aliases
	#[test]
	fn test_from_table_as_alias() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT a.id FROM users AS a"), "FROM users AS a MAP {a.id}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_from_table_bare_alias() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT a.id FROM users a"), "FROM users AS a MAP {a.id}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_self_join_with_aliases() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a.id, b.id FROM t1 AS a INNER JOIN t1 AS b ON a.x = b.y"),
			"FROM t1 AS a JOIN {FROM t1} AS b USING (x, b.y) MAP {a.id, b.id}"
		);
	}

	// Multi-table FROM (cross join)
	#[test]
	fn test_two_table_from() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT * FROM t1, t2"), "FROM t1 CROSS JOIN {FROM t2} AS t2");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_three_table_from() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT * FROM t1, t2, t3"),
			"FROM t1 CROSS JOIN {FROM t2} AS t2 CROSS JOIN {FROM t3} AS t3"
		);
	}

	// UNION / INTERSECT / EXCEPT
	#[test]
	fn test_union_all() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a FROM t1 UNION ALL SELECT a FROM t2"),
			"UNION ALL {FROM t1 MAP {a}} {FROM t2 MAP {a}}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_union() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a FROM t1 UNION SELECT a FROM t2"),
			"UNION {FROM t1 MAP {a}} {FROM t2 MAP {a}}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_intersect() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a FROM t1 INTERSECT SELECT a FROM t2"),
			"INTERSECT {FROM t1 MAP {a}} {FROM t2 MAP {a}}"
		);
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_except() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a FROM t1 EXCEPT SELECT a FROM t2"),
			"EXCEPT {FROM t1 MAP {a}} {FROM t2 MAP {a}}"
		);
	}

	// String concatenation
	#[test]
	fn test_concat_operator() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT a || b FROM t"), "FROM t MAP {text::concat(a, b)}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_concat_chain() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT a || b || c FROM t"), "FROM t MAP {text::concat(text::concat(a, b), c)}");
	}

	// COALESCE / NULLIF
	#[test]
	fn test_coalesce() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT COALESCE(a, b, c) FROM t"), "FROM t MAP {coalesce(a, b, c)}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_nullif() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT NULLIF(a, 0) FROM t"), "FROM t MAP {nullif(a, 0)}");
	}

	// FLOAT type
	#[test]
	fn test_float_type() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("CREATE TABLE t (x FLOAT NOT NULL)"), "CREATE TABLE t {x: float8}");
	}

	// NUMERIC type
	#[test]
	fn test_numeric_type() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("CREATE TABLE t (x NUMERIC NOT NULL)"), "CREATE TABLE t {x: float8}");
	}

	// ORDER BY ordinal
	#[test]
	fn test_order_by_ordinal() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT a, b FROM t ORDER BY 1"), "FROM t MAP {a, b} SORT {1:asc}");
	}

	#[test]
	fn test_order_by_ordinal_desc() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("SELECT a, b FROM t ORDER BY 1, 2 DESC"),
			"FROM t MAP {a, b} SORT {1:asc, 2:desc}"
		);
	}

	// IF NOT EXISTS
	#[test]
	fn test_create_table_if_not_exists() {
		assert_eq!(
			transpile("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t (id INT NOT NULL)"),
			"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS t {id: int4}"
		);
	}

	// Unary plus
	#[test]
	fn test_unary_plus() {
		assert_eq!(transpile("SELECT +1"), "MAP {1}");
	}
}