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//! redis-rs is a Rust implementation of a client library for Redis. It exposes
//! a general purpose interface to Redis and also provides specific helpers for
//! commonly used functionality.
//!
//! The crate is called `redis` and you can depend on it via cargo:
//!
//! ```ini
//! [dependencies.redis]
//! version = "*"
//! ```
//!
//! If you want to use the git version:
//!
//! ```ini
//! [dependencies.redis]
//! git = "https://github.com/redis-rs/redis-rs.git"
//! ```
//!
//! # Basic Operation
//!
//! redis-rs exposes two API levels: a low- and a high-level part.
//! The high-level part does not expose all the functionality of redis and
//! might take some liberties in how it speaks the protocol. The low-level
//! part of the API allows you to express any request on the redis level.
//! You can fluently switch between both API levels at any point.
//!
//! # TLS / SSL
//!
//! The user can enable TLS support using either RusTLS or native support (usually OpenSSL),
//! using the `tls-rustls` or `tls-native-tls` features respectively. In order to enable TLS
//! for async usage, the user must enable matching features for their runtime - either `tokio-native-tls-comp`,
//! `tokio-rustls-comp`, `smol-native-tls-comp`, or `smol-rustls-comp`. Additionally, the
//! `tls-rustls-webpki-roots` allows usage of of webpki-roots for the root certificate store.
//!
//! # TCP settings
//!
//! The user can set parameters of the underlying TCP connection by setting [io::tcp::TcpSettings] on the connection configuration objects,
//! and set the TCP parameters in a more specific manner there.
//!
//! ## Connection Handling
//!
//! For connecting to redis you can use a client object which then can produce
//! actual connections. Connections and clients as well as results of
//! connections and clients are considered [ConnectionLike] objects and
//! can be used anywhere a request is made.
//!
//! The full canonical way to get a connection is to create a client and
//! to ask for a connection from it:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! extern crate redis;
//!
//! fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/")?;
//! let mut con = client.get_connection()?;
//!
//! /* do something here */
//!
//! Ok(())
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! ## Connection Pooling
//!
//! When using a sync connection, it is recommended to use a connection pool in order to handle
//! disconnects or multi-threaded usage. This can be done using the `r2d2` feature.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # #[cfg(feature = "r2d2")]
//! # fn do_something() {
//! use redis::TypedCommands;
//!
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! let pool = r2d2::Pool::builder().build(client).unwrap();
//! let mut conn = pool.get().unwrap();
//!
//! conn.set("KEY", "VALUE").unwrap();
//! let val = conn.get("KEY").unwrap();
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! For async connections, connection pooling isn't necessary. The `MultiplexedConnection` is
//! cheap to clone and can be used safely concurrently from multiple threads, so a single connection can be easily
//! reused. For automatic reconnections consider using `ConnectionManager` with the `connection-manager` feature.
//! Async cluster connections also don't require pooling and are thread-safe and reusable.
//!
//! ## Optional Features
//!
//! There are a few features defined that can enable additional functionality
//! if so desired. Some of them are turned on by default.
//!
//! * `acl`: enables acl support (enabled by default)
//! * `tokio-comp`: enables support for async usage with the Tokio runtime (optional)
//! * `smol-comp`: enables support for async usage with the Smol runtime (optional)
//! * `geospatial`: enables geospatial support (enabled by default)
//! * `script`: enables script support (enabled by default)
//! * `streams`: enables high-level interface for interaction with Redis streams (enabled by default)
//! * `r2d2`: enables r2d2 connection pool support (optional)
//! * `bb8`: enables bb8 connection pool support (optional)
//! * `ahash`: enables ahash map/set support & uses ahash internally (+7-10% performance) (optional)
//! * `cluster`: enables redis cluster support (optional)
//! * `cluster-async`: enables async redis cluster support (optional)
//! * `connection-manager`: enables support for automatic reconnection (optional)
//! * `rust_decimal`, `bigdecimal`, `num-bigint`: enables type conversions to large number representation from different crates (optional)
//! * `uuid`: enables type conversion to UUID (optional)
//! * `sentinel`: enables high-level interfaces for communication with Redis sentinels (optional)
//! * `json`: enables high-level interfaces for communication with the JSON module (optional)
//! * `cache-aio`: enables **experimental** client side caching for MultiplexedConnection, ConnectionManager and async ClusterConnection (optional)
//!
//! ## Connection Parameters
//!
//! redis-rs knows different ways to define where a connection should
//! go. The parameter to [Client::open] needs to implement the
//! [IntoConnectionInfo] trait of which there are three implementations:
//!
//! * string slices in `redis://` URL format.
//! * URL objects from the redis-url crate.
//! * [ConnectionInfo] objects.
//!
//! The URL format is `redis://[<username>][:<password>@]<hostname>[:port][/[<db>][?protocol=<protocol>]]`
//!
//! If Unix socket support is available you can use a unix URL in this format:
//!
//! `redis+unix:///<path>[?db=<db>[&pass=<password>][&user=<username>][&protocol=<protocol>]]`
//!
//! For compatibility with some other libraries for Redis, the "unix" scheme
//! is also supported:
//!
//! `unix:///<path>[?db=<db>][&pass=<password>][&user=<username>][&protocol=<protocol>]]`
//!
//! ## Executing Low-Level Commands
//!
//! To execute low-level commands you can use the [cmd::cmd] function which allows
//! you to build redis requests. Once you have configured a command object
//! to your liking you can send a query into any [ConnectionLike] object:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! fn do_something(con: &mut redis::Connection) -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! redis::cmd("SET").arg("my_key").arg(42).exec(con)?;
//! Ok(())
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Upon querying the return value is a result object. If you do not care
//! about the actual return value (other than that it is not a failure)
//! you can always type annotate it to the unit type `()`.
//!
//! Note that commands with a sub-command (like "MEMORY USAGE", "ACL WHOAMI",
//! "LATENCY HISTORY", etc) must specify the sub-command as a separate `arg`:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! fn do_something(con: &mut redis::Connection) -> redis::RedisResult<usize> {
//! // This will result in a server error: "unknown command `MEMORY USAGE`"
//! // because "USAGE" is technically a sub-command of "MEMORY".
//! redis::cmd("MEMORY USAGE").arg("my_key").query::<usize>(con)?;
//!
//! // However, this will work as you'd expect
//! redis::cmd("MEMORY").arg("USAGE").arg("my_key").query(con)
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! ## Executing High-Level Commands
//!
//! The high-level interface is similar. For it to become available you
//! need to use the `TypedCommands` or `Commands` traits in which case all `ConnectionLike`
//! objects the library provides will also have high-level methods which
//! make working with the protocol easier:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! extern crate redis;
//! use redis::TypedCommands;
//!
//! fn do_something(con: &mut redis::Connection) -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! con.set("my_key", 42)?;
//! Ok(())
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Note that high-level commands are work in progress and many are still
//! missing!
//!
//! ## Pre-typed Commands
//!
//! Because redis inherently is mostly type-less and the protocol is not
//! exactly friendly to developers, this library provides flexible support
//! for casting values to the intended results. This is driven through the [FromRedisValue] and [ToRedisArgs] traits.
//!
//! In most cases, you may like to use defaults provided by the library, to avoid the clutter and development overhead
//! of specifying types for each command.
//!
//! The library facilitates this by providing the [commands::TypedCommands] and [commands::AsyncTypedCommands]. These traits provide functions
//! with pre-defined and opinionated return types. For example, `set` returns `()`, avoiding the need
//! for developers to explicitly type each call as returning `()`.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! use redis::TypedCommands;
//!
//! fn fetch_an_integer() -> redis::RedisResult<isize> {
//! // connect to redis
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/")?;
//! let mut con = client.get_connection()?;
//! // `set` returns a `()`, so we don't need to specify the return type manually unlike in the previous example.
//! con.set("my_key", 42)?;
//! // `get_int` returns Result<Option<isize>>, as the key may not be found, or some error may occur.
//! Ok(con.get_int("my_key").unwrap().unwrap())
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! ## Custom Type Conversions
//!
//! In some cases, the user might want to define their own return value types to various Redis calls.
//! The library facilitates this by providing the [commands::Commands] and [commands::AsyncCommands]
//! as alternatives to [commands::TypedCommands] and [commands::AsyncTypedCommands] respectively.
//!
//! The `arg` method of the command will accept a wide range of types through
//! the [ToRedisArgs] trait and the `query` method of a command can convert the
//! value to what you expect the function to return through the [FromRedisValue]
//! trait. This is quite flexible and allows vectors, tuples, hashsets, hashmaps
//! as well as optional values:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # use redis::Commands;
//! # use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let count : i32 = con.get("my_counter")?;
//! let count = con.get("my_counter").unwrap_or(0i32);
//! let k : Option<String> = con.get("missing_key")?;
//! let name : String = con.get("my_name")?;
//! let bin : Vec<u8> = con.get("my_binary")?;
//! let map : HashMap<String, i32> = con.hgetall("my_hash")?;
//! let keys : Vec<String> = con.hkeys("my_hash")?;
//! let mems : HashSet<i32> = con.smembers("my_set")?;
//! let (k1, k2) : (String, String) = con.mget(&["k1", "k2"])?;
//! # Ok(())
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! # RESP3 support
//! Since Redis / Valkey version 6, a newer communication protocol called RESP3 is supported.
//! Using this protocol allows the user both to receive a more varied `Value` results, for users
//! who use the low-level `Value` type, and to receive out of band messages on the same connection. This allows the user to receive PubSub
//! messages on the same connection, instead of creating a new PubSub connection (see "RESP3 async pubsub").
//!
//!
//! ## RESP3 pubsub
//! If you're targeting a Redis/Valkey server of version 6 or above, you can receive
//! pubsub messages from it without creating another connection, by setting a push sender on the connection.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # #[cfg(feature = "aio")]
//! # {
//! # use futures::prelude::*;
//! # use redis::AsyncTypedCommands;
//!
//! # async fn func() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/?protocol=resp3").unwrap();
//! let (tx, mut rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::unbounded_channel();
//! let config = redis::AsyncConnectionConfig::new().set_push_sender(tx);
//! let mut con = client.get_multiplexed_async_connection_with_config(&config).await?;
//! con.subscribe(&["channel_1", "channel_2"]).await?;
//!
//! loop {
//! println!("Received {:?}", rx.recv().await.unwrap());
//! }
//! # Ok(()) }
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! sync example:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # {
//! # use redis::TypedCommands;
//!
//! # async fn func() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/?protocol=resp3").unwrap();
//! let (tx, rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
//! let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! con.set_push_sender(tx);
//! con.subscribe_resp3(&["channel_1", "channel_2"])?;
//!
//! loop {
//! std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10));
//! // the connection only reads when actively polled, so it must constantly send and receive requests.
//! _ = con.ping().unwrap();
//! println!("Received {:?}", rx.try_recv().unwrap());
//! }
//! # Ok(()) }
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! # Iteration Protocol
//!
//! In addition to sending a single query, iterators are also supported. When
//! used with regular bulk responses they don't give you much over querying and
//! converting into a vector (both use a vector internally) but they can also
//! be used with `SCAN` like commands in which case iteration will send more
//! queries until the cursor is exhausted:
//!
//! ```rust,ignore
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let mut iter : redis::Iter<isize> = redis::cmd("SSCAN").arg("my_set")
//! .cursor_arg(0).clone().iter(&mut con)?;
//! for x in iter {
//! // do something with the item
//! }
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//! As you can see the cursor argument needs to be defined with `cursor_arg`
//! instead of `arg` so that the library knows which argument needs updating
//! as the query is run for more items.
//!
//! # Pipelining
//!
//! In addition to simple queries you can also send command pipelines. This
//! is provided through the `pipe` function. It works very similar to sending
//! individual commands but you can send more than one in one go. This also
//! allows you to ignore individual results so that matching on the end result
//! is easier:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let (k1, k2) : (i32, i32) = redis::pipe()
//! .cmd("SET").arg("key_1").arg(42).ignore()
//! .cmd("SET").arg("key_2").arg(43).ignore()
//! .cmd("GET").arg("key_1")
//! .cmd("GET").arg("key_2").query(&mut con)?;
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//! If you want the pipeline to be wrapped in a `MULTI`/`EXEC` block you can
//! easily do that by switching the pipeline into `atomic` mode. From the
//! caller's point of view nothing changes, the pipeline itself will take
//! care of the rest for you:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let (k1, k2) : (i32, i32) = redis::pipe()
//! .atomic()
//! .cmd("SET").arg("key_1").arg(42).ignore()
//! .cmd("SET").arg("key_2").arg(43).ignore()
//! .cmd("GET").arg("key_1")
//! .cmd("GET").arg("key_2").query(&mut con)?;
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//! You can also use high-level commands on pipelines:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let (k1, k2) : (i32, i32) = redis::pipe()
//! .atomic()
//! .set("key_1", 42).ignore()
//! .set("key_2", 43).ignore()
//! .get("key_1")
//! .get("key_2").query(&mut con)?;
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//! NOTE: Pipelines return a collection of results, even when there's only a single response.
//! Make sure to wrap single-result pipeline responses in a collection. For example:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let (k1,): (i32,) = redis::pipe()
//! .cmd("SET").arg("key_1").arg(42).ignore()
//! .cmd("GET").arg("key_1").query(&mut con).unwrap();
//! ```
//!
//! # Transactions
//!
//! Transactions are available through atomic pipelines. In order to use
//! them in a more simple way you can use the `transaction` function of a
//! connection:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! use redis::Commands;
//! # let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/").unwrap();
//! # let mut con = client.get_connection().unwrap();
//! let key = "the_key";
//! let (new_val,) : (isize,) = redis::transaction(&mut con, &[key], |con, pipe| {
//! let old_val : isize = con.get(key)?;
//! pipe
//! .set(key, old_val + 1).ignore()
//! .get(key).query(con)
//! })?;
//! println!("The incremented number is: {}", new_val);
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//! For more information see the `transaction` function.
//!
//! # PubSub
//!
//! Pubsub is provided through the `PubSub` connection object for sync usage, or the `aio::PubSub`
//! for async usage.
//!
//! Example usage:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/")?;
//! let mut con = client.get_connection()?;
//! let mut pubsub = con.as_pubsub();
//! pubsub.subscribe(&["channel_1", "channel_2"])?;
//!
//! loop {
//! let msg = pubsub.get_message()?;
//! let payload : String = msg.get_payload()?;
//! println!("channel '{}': {}", msg.get_channel_name(), payload);
//! }
//! # }
//! ```
//! In order to update subscriptions while concurrently waiting for messages, the async PubSub can be split into separate sink & stream components. The sink can be receive subscription requests while the stream is awaited for messages.
//!
//! ```rust,no_run
//! # #[cfg(feature = "aio")]
//! use futures_util::StreamExt;
//! # #[cfg(feature = "aio")]
//! # async fn do_something() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/")?;
//! let (mut sink, mut stream) = client.get_async_pubsub().await?.split();
//! sink.subscribe("channel_1").await?;
//!
//! loop {
//! let msg = stream.next().await.unwrap();
//! let payload : String = msg.get_payload().unwrap();
//! println!("channel '{}': {}", msg.get_channel_name(), payload);
//! }
//! # Ok(()) }
//! ```
//!
//!
//!
//! [`futures`]:https://crates.io/crates/futures
//! [`tokio`]:https://tokio.rs
//!
//! # Upgrading to version 1
//!
//! * Iterators are now safe by default, without an opt out. This means that the iterators return `RedisResult<Value>` instead of `Value`. See [this PR](https://github.com/redis-rs/redis-rs/pull/1641) for background. If you previously used the "safe_iterators" feature to opt-in to this behavior, just remove the feature declaration. Otherwise you will need to adjust your usage of iterators to account for potential conversion failures.
//! * Parsing values using [FromRedisValue] no longer returns [RedisError] on failure, in order to save the users checking for various server & client errors in such scenarios. if you rely on the error type when using this trait, you will need to adjust your error handling code. [ParsingError] should only be printed, since it does not contain any user actionable info outside of its error message.
//! * If you used the `tcp_nodelay` or `keep-alive` features, you'll need to set these values on the connection info you pass to the client use [ConnectionInfo::set_tcp_settings].
//! * If you used the `disable-client-setinfo` features, you'll need to set [RedisConnectionInfo::skip_set_lib_name].
//! * If you create [ConnectionInfo], [RedisConnectionInfo], or [sentinel::SentinelNodeConnectionInfo] objects explicitly, now you need to use the builder pattern setters instead of setting fields.
//! * if you used `MultiplexedConnection::new_with_response_timeout`, it is replaced by [aio::MultiplexedConnection::new_with_config]. `Client::get_multiplexed_tokio_connection_with_response_timeouts`, `Client::get_multiplexed_tokio_connection`, `Client::create_multiplexed_tokio_connection_with_response_timeout`, `Client::create_multiplexed_tokio_connection` were replaced by [Client::get_multiplexed_async_connection_with_config].
//! * If you're using `tokio::time::pause()` or otherwise manipulating time, you might need to opt out of timeouts using `AsyncConnectionConfig::new().set_connection_timeout(None).set_response_timeout(None)`.
//! * Async connections now have default timeouts. If you're using blocking commands or other potentially long running commands, you should adjust the timeouts accordingly.
//! * If you're manually setting `ConnectionManager`'s retry setting, then please re-examine the values you set. `exponential_base` has been made a f32, and `factor` was replaced by `min_delay`, in order to match the documented behavior, instead of the actual erroneous behavior of past versions.
//! * Vector set types have been moved into the `vector_sets` module, instead of being exposed directly.
//! * ErrorKind::TypeError was renamed ErrorKind::UnexpectedReturnType, to clarify its meaning. Also fixed some cases where it and ErrorKind::Parse were used interchangeably.
//! * Connecting to a wildcard address (`0.0.0.0` or `::`) is now explicitly disallowed and will return an error. This change prevents connection timeouts and provides a clearer error message. This affects both standalone and cluster connections. Users relying on this behavior should now connect to a specific, non-wildcard address.
//! * If you implemented [crate::FromRedisValue] directly, or used `FromRedisValue::from_redis_value`/`FromRedisValue::from_owned_redis_value`, notice that the trait's semantics changed - now the trait requires an owned value by default, instead of a reference. See [the PR](https://github.com/redis-rs/redis-rs/pull/1784) for details.
//! * The implicit replacement of `GET` with `MGET` or `SET` with `MSET` has been replaced, and limited these and other commands to only take values that serialize into single redis values, as enforced by a compilation failure. Example:
//!
//! ```rust,no_run,compile_fail
//! use redis::Commands;
//! fn main() -> redis::RedisResult<()> {
//! let client = redis::Client::open("redis://127.0.0.1/")?;
//! let mut con = client.get_connection()?;
//! // `get` should fail compilation, because it receives multiple values
//! _ = con.get(["foo","bar"]);
//! Ok(())
//! }
//! ```
//!
//!
// When on docs.rs we want to show tuple variadics in the docs.
// This currently requires internal/unstable features in Rustdoc.
// public api
pub use crateAsyncConnectionConfig;
pub use crateClient;
pub use crateCommandCacheConfig;
pub use crate;
pub use crate;
pub use crate;
pub use crate;
pub use cratePipeline;
pub use crate;
pub use crate::;
pub use ;
// preserve grouping and order
pub use crate;
pub use crate;
pub use crate;
pub use crate::;
pub use acl;
pub use crateJsonCommands;
pub use crateJsonAsyncCommands;
pub use cratevector_sets;
pub use geo;
pub use sync_connection as cluster;
/// Routing information for cluster commands.
pub use routing as cluster_routing;
/// Pluggable read routing strategies for cluster connections.
pub use read_routing as cluster_read_routing;
pub use streams;
pub use async_connection as cluster_async;
pub use crate;
/// Module for defining I/O behavior.
pub use check_resp3;