qubit-value 0.13.0

// =============================================================================
//    Copyright (c) 2025 - 2026 Haixing Hu.
//
//    SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
//    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
// =============================================================================

//! Public DTO for the stable version-one JSON wire contract.

#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use std::io::Write;

#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use qubit_budget::json::JsonDecodeLimits;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use qubit_budget::json::JsonDecodeSession;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use qubit_budget::json::JsonEncodeLimits;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use qubit_budget::json::JsonEncodeSession;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use qubit_json::encode::JsonEncoder;
use serde::Serialize;
use serde::Serializer;

use super::VALUE_WIRE_V1_VERSION;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use super::ValueWireDecodeError;
use super::ValueWireEncodeError;
#[cfg(feature = "json")]
use super::ValueWireEncodePreflight;
use super::ValueWirePayloadV1;
use super::serialize_wire;
use crate::MultiValues;
use crate::Value;
use crate::ValueContainer;

/// Stable version-one wire DTO for a scalar or homogeneous collection.
///
/// Canonical JSON output is byte-stable for the same value under the
/// supported `serde_json` version and configuration, with canonical field
/// and object-key order, including recursively nested JSON objects. Other
/// Serde formats may represent this DTO, but their bytes are outside this
/// stability contract. See the [crate documentation](crate).
///
/// V1 is closed: existing tags, shapes, and payload representations cannot
/// change, and future runtime data types require a new wire version instead
/// of extending V1.
///
/// Runtime JSON numbers are accepted only when V1 can reconstruct the same
/// `serde_json::Number` under the strict `qubit-json` number model. Numbers
/// that would change identity when round-tripped return the JSON-gated
/// `JsonNumberNotRoundTrippable` error. This error does not expose the number
/// text.
///
/// Deserialization is intentionally available through
/// [`crate::ValueWireV1Seed`], which lets a bounded decoder control the
/// complete input and structure.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use qubit_value::{Value, ValueWireV1};
///
/// let wire = ValueWireV1::try_from(Value::from(42_i32)).unwrap();
/// let encoded = serde_json::to_string(&wire).unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(encoded, r#"{"version":1,"value":{"scalar":{"int32":42}}}"#);
/// assert_eq!(wire.into_container().get_first::<i32>().unwrap(), 42);
/// ```
#[must_use]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct ValueWireV1 {
    /// Explicit runtime shape and typed payload represented by this DTO.
    value: ValueWirePayloadV1,
}

impl ValueWireV1 {
    /// Numeric version emitted and accepted by this DTO.
    pub const VERSION: u8 = VALUE_WIRE_V1_VERSION;

    /// Creates a V1 DTO from an already validated V1 payload.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `value` - Validated [`ValueWirePayloadV1`] moved into the envelope,
    ///   preserving its exact runtime type and scalar-or-collection shape.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A V1 DTO containing `value`.
    #[inline(always)]
    pub const fn new(value: ValueWirePayloadV1) -> Self {
        Self { value }
    }

    /// Decodes a V1 JSON wire value using the default structural limits.
    ///
    /// The complete input length and decoded structure are checked before the
    /// value is returned. Embedded protocols should share one
    /// [`qubit_budget::json::JsonDecodeSession`] across their complete
    /// document.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `input` - Complete UTF-8 JSON document to decode.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The decoded V1 wire DTO.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns a limit error when the input or decoded structure is too large,
    /// [`ValueWireDecodeError::UnsupportedVersion`] when the envelope declares
    /// another supported-width version, or
    /// [`ValueWireDecodeError::Syntax`] when the input is not one valid JSON
    /// document, or [`ValueWireDecodeError::InvalidJson`] when valid JSON
    /// cannot be decoded as a V1 wire value.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[inline]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn decode_json_slice(input: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, ValueWireDecodeError> {
        Self::decode_json_slice_with_limits(input, Self::default_json_decode_limits())
    }

    /// Decodes a V1 JSON wire value using explicit structural limits.
    ///
    /// The complete input length and decoded structure are checked before the
    /// value is returned. Embedded values should be checked through the outer
    /// protocol's shared [`qubit_budget::json::JsonDecodeSession`].
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `input` - Complete UTF-8 JSON document to decode.
    /// * `limits` - Shared encoded-input and structural limits.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The decoded V1 wire DTO.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns a limit error when `input` or its decoded structure exceeds
    /// `limits`, [`ValueWireDecodeError::UnsupportedVersion`] when the envelope
    /// declares another supported-width version,
    /// [`ValueWireDecodeError::Syntax`] when the input is not one valid JSON
    /// document, or [`ValueWireDecodeError::InvalidJson`] when valid JSON
    /// cannot be decoded as a V1 wire value.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[inline]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn decode_json_slice_with_limits(input: &[u8], limits: JsonDecodeLimits) -> Result<Self, ValueWireDecodeError> {
        let session = JsonDecodeSession::from_limits(limits);
        super::decode_wire_json_slice_with_session(input, session)
    }

    /// Returns the default JSON resource profile for complete V1 documents.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Decode limits suitable for one standalone V1 envelope.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[must_use = "the V1 JSON profile should be applied to a budget"]
    #[inline]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn default_json_decode_limits() -> JsonDecodeLimits {
        super::default_json_decode_limits()
    }

    /// Returns the default JSON resource profile for encoding V1 documents.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Encode limits suitable for one standalone V1 envelope.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[must_use = "the V1 JSON profile should be applied to an encode session"]
    #[inline(always)]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn default_json_encode_limits() -> JsonEncodeLimits {
        super::default_json_encode_limits()
    }

    /// Returns the runtime container represented by this DTO.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A shared reference to the preserved runtime container.
    #[must_use = "the borrowed value container should be used"]
    #[inline]
    pub const fn container(&self) -> &ValueContainer {
        self.value.container()
    }

    /// Encodes this V1 document into a compact JSON vector with default limits.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The encoded complete V1 document.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError::Budget`] when the document exceeds the
    /// default JSON resource profile.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[inline]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn to_json_vec(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ValueWireEncodeError> {
        self.to_json_vec_with_limits(Self::default_json_encode_limits())
    }

    /// Encodes this V1 document into a bounded compact JSON vector.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `limits` - Resource limits enforced during encoding.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Compact UTF-8 JSON bytes for the complete V1 document.
    ///
    /// Runs a conservative payload preflight before encoding, then enforces
    /// `limits` authoritatively while encoding the full envelope. The preflight
    /// may report a lower-bound budget error and does not bound every
    /// preparation allocation.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError`] when preflight or final encoding
    /// exceeds `limits`, or the document cannot be serialized.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn to_json_vec_with_limits(&self, limits: JsonEncodeLimits) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ValueWireEncodeError> {
        ValueWireEncodePreflight::new(limits)
            .check_container(self.container())
            .map_err(ValueWireEncodeError::from)?;
        let session = JsonEncodeSession::from_limits(limits);
        JsonEncoder::new(session)
            .to_vec(self)
            .map_err(ValueWireEncodeError::from)
    }

    /// Encodes this V1 document to a writer with default limits.
    ///
    /// # Type Parameters
    ///
    /// * `W` - Destination writer type.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `writer` - Destination receiving the complete JSON document.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `Ok(())` after the complete document is written.
    ///
    /// The complete document is buffered and admitted before this method writes
    /// its bytes to the destination. Preflight, serialization, or budget
    /// rejection does not write this document. An I/O error may leave an
    /// accepted prefix in the writer; do not blindly retry a complete
    /// document on the same destination.
    ///
    /// This method does not explicitly flush the writer. Success means the
    /// writer accepted all document bytes, not that they were flushed,
    /// persisted, or received by a remote peer. Pass `&mut writer` to
    /// retain ownership of a buffered writer, then call `flush()` and
    /// handle its error separately. Passing an owned writer may invoke that
    /// writer's drop behavior; errors from an implicit drop-time flush are
    /// not returned by this method.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError::Budget`] for resource-limit failures or
    /// [`ValueWireEncodeError::Io`] when `writer` rejects output.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[inline(always)]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn to_json_writer<W>(&self, writer: W) -> Result<(), ValueWireEncodeError>
    where
        W: Write,
    {
        self.to_json_writer_with_limits(writer, Self::default_json_encode_limits())
    }

    /// Encodes this V1 document to a writer after enforcing JSON budgets.
    ///
    /// # Type Parameters
    ///
    /// * `W` - Destination writer type.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `writer` - Destination receiving the complete JSON document.
    /// * `limits` - Resource limits enforced during encoding.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `Ok(())` after the complete document is written.
    ///
    /// Runs a conservative payload preflight before encoding, then enforces
    /// `limits` authoritatively while encoding the full envelope. The preflight
    /// may report a lower-bound budget error and does not bound every
    /// preparation allocation.
    ///
    /// The complete document is buffered and admitted before this method writes
    /// its bytes to the destination. Preflight, serialization, or budget
    /// rejection does not write this document. An I/O error may leave an
    /// accepted prefix in the writer; do not blindly retry a complete
    /// document on the same destination.
    ///
    /// This method does not explicitly flush the writer. Success means the
    /// writer accepted all document bytes, not that they were flushed,
    /// persisted, or received by a remote peer. Pass `&mut writer` to
    /// retain ownership of a buffered writer, then call `flush()` and
    /// handle its error separately. Passing an owned writer may invoke that
    /// writer's drop behavior; errors from an implicit drop-time flush are
    /// not returned by this method.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError`] when preflight or final encoding
    /// exceeds `limits`, the document cannot be serialized, or `writer`
    /// rejects output.
    #[cfg(feature = "json")]
    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "json")))]
    pub fn to_json_writer_with_limits<W>(
        &self,
        mut writer: W,
        limits: JsonEncodeLimits,
    ) -> Result<(), ValueWireEncodeError>
    where
        W: Write,
    {
        ValueWireEncodePreflight::new(limits)
            .check_container(self.container())
            .map_err(ValueWireEncodeError::from)?;
        let session = JsonEncodeSession::from_limits(limits);
        JsonEncoder::new(session)
            .write_buffered(&mut writer, self)
            .map_err(ValueWireEncodeError::from)
    }

    /// Consumes the DTO and returns its runtime container.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The preserved runtime container.
    #[inline(always)]
    pub fn into_container(self) -> ValueContainer {
        self.value.into_container()
    }
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for ValueWireV1 {
    /// Failure to represent the consumed runtime value under the V1 contract.
    type Error = ValueWireEncodeError;

    /// Wraps a runtime scalar in a V1 DTO.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `value` - Runtime scalar to validate and consume.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A V1 DTO preserving the input type and shape.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError::NonFiniteFloat`] for a non-finite
    /// float, [`ValueWireEncodeError::BigDecimalScaleTooLarge`] for a decimal
    /// whose exponent is outside V1's supported range, or
    /// [`ValueWireEncodeError::InstantYearOutOfRange`] for an instant outside
    /// the supported UTC year range.
    /// With the `json` feature, returns `JsonNumberNotRoundTrippable` if a
    /// runtime JSON number, including a nested number, cannot preserve its
    /// `serde_json::Number` identity under the V1 number model.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn try_from(value: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        ValueWirePayloadV1::try_from(value).map(Self::new)
    }
}

impl TryFrom<MultiValues> for ValueWireV1 {
    /// Failure to represent the consumed runtime value under the V1 contract.
    type Error = ValueWireEncodeError;

    /// Wraps a runtime collection in a V1 DTO.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `values` - Homogeneous collection to validate and consume.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A V1 DTO preserving the input type and shape.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError::NonFiniteFloat`] for a non-finite
    /// float element, [`ValueWireEncodeError::BigDecimalScaleTooLarge`] for
    /// an element whose decimal exponent is outside V1's supported range, or
    /// [`ValueWireEncodeError::InstantYearOutOfRange`] for an instant outside
    /// the supported UTC year range.
    /// With the `json` feature, returns `JsonNumberNotRoundTrippable` if any
    /// runtime JSON number in the collection, including a nested number,
    /// cannot preserve its `serde_json::Number` identity under the V1 number
    /// model.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn try_from(values: MultiValues) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        ValueWirePayloadV1::try_from(values).map(Self::new)
    }
}

impl TryFrom<ValueContainer> for ValueWireV1 {
    /// Failure to represent the consumed runtime value under the V1 contract.
    type Error = ValueWireEncodeError;

    /// Wraps an explicit runtime shape in a V1 DTO.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `value` - Scalar-or-collection container to validate and consume.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// A V1 DTO preserving the input type and shape.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns [`ValueWireEncodeError::NonFiniteFloat`] for a non-finite
    /// float, [`ValueWireEncodeError::BigDecimalScaleTooLarge`] for a decimal
    /// whose exponent is outside V1's supported range, or
    /// [`ValueWireEncodeError::InstantYearOutOfRange`] for an instant outside
    /// the supported UTC year range.
    /// With the `json` feature, returns `JsonNumberNotRoundTrippable` if a
    /// runtime JSON number in either the scalar or collection shape, including
    /// a nested number, cannot preserve its `serde_json::Number` identity
    /// under the V1 number model.
    #[inline]
    fn try_from(value: ValueContainer) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        ValueWirePayloadV1::try_from(value).map(Self::new)
    }
}

impl From<ValueWireV1> for ValueContainer {
    /// Unwraps the runtime container from a V1 DTO.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `value` - Owned DTO whose container is moved into the result.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The preserved runtime container without cloning its payload.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn from(value: ValueWireV1) -> Self {
        value.into_container()
    }
}

impl Serialize for ValueWireV1 {
    /// Serializes the contained runtime shape through the V1 contract.
    ///
    /// # Type Parameters
    ///
    /// * `S` - Serde serializer defining the output format and error type.
    ///
    /// # Parameters
    ///
    /// * `serializer` - Serializer consumed to emit the versioned envelope.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// The serializer's completed output on success.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns the serializer's error if it cannot encode the envelope or
    /// payload.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        serialize_wire(self.value.container().into(), serializer)
    }
}