use crate::circuit_interfaces::{InterfaceCircuit, InterfaceGate, InterfaceGateType};
use crate::error::{Result, SimulatorError};
use scirs2_core::ndarray::Array1;
use scirs2_core::Complex64;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::HashMap;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct BitstreamManager {
pub bitstreams: HashMap<String, Bitstream>,
pub current_config: Option<String>,
pub reconfig_time_ms: f64,
pub supports_partial_reconfig: bool,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PipelineStage {
pub name: String,
pub operation: PipelineOperation,
pub latency: usize,
pub throughput: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum MemoryAccessPattern {
Sequential,
Random,
Strided,
BlockTransfer,
Streaming,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct TimingInfo {
pub critical_path_delay: f64,
pub setup_slack: f64,
pub hold_slack: f64,
pub max_frequency: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MemoryInterface {
pub interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType,
pub bandwidth: f64,
pub capacity: f64,
pub latency: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum FPGAPlatform {
IntelArria10,
IntelStratix10,
IntelAgilex7,
XilinxVirtexUltraScale,
XilinxVersal,
XilinxKintexUltraScale,
Simulation,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FPGADeviceInfo {
pub device_id: usize,
pub platform: FPGAPlatform,
pub logic_elements: usize,
pub dsp_blocks: usize,
pub block_ram_kb: usize,
pub max_clock_frequency: f64,
pub memory_interfaces: Vec<MemoryInterface>,
pub pcie_lanes: usize,
pub power_consumption: f64,
pub supported_precision: Vec<ArithmeticPrecision>,
}
impl FPGADeviceInfo {
#[must_use]
pub fn for_platform(platform: FPGAPlatform) -> Self {
match platform {
FPGAPlatform::IntelArria10 => Self {
device_id: 1,
platform,
logic_elements: 1_150_000,
dsp_blocks: 1688,
block_ram_kb: 53_000,
max_clock_frequency: 400.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR4,
bandwidth: 34.0,
capacity: 32.0,
latency: 200.0,
}],
pcie_lanes: 16,
power_consumption: 100.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::IntelStratix10 => Self {
device_id: 2,
platform,
logic_elements: 2_800_000,
dsp_blocks: 5760,
block_ram_kb: 229_000,
max_clock_frequency: 500.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR4,
bandwidth: 68.0,
capacity: 64.0,
latency: 180.0,
},
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::HBM2,
bandwidth: 460.0,
capacity: 8.0,
latency: 50.0,
},
],
pcie_lanes: 16,
power_consumption: 150.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float64,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::IntelAgilex7 => Self {
device_id: 3,
platform,
logic_elements: 2_500_000,
dsp_blocks: 4608,
block_ram_kb: 180_000,
max_clock_frequency: 600.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR5,
bandwidth: 102.0,
capacity: 128.0,
latency: 150.0,
},
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::HBM3,
bandwidth: 819.0,
capacity: 16.0,
latency: 40.0,
},
],
pcie_lanes: 32,
power_consumption: 120.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float64,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::XilinxVirtexUltraScale => Self {
device_id: 4,
platform,
logic_elements: 1_300_000,
dsp_blocks: 6840,
block_ram_kb: 75_900,
max_clock_frequency: 450.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR4,
bandwidth: 77.0,
capacity: 64.0,
latency: 190.0,
}],
pcie_lanes: 16,
power_consumption: 130.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::XilinxVersal => Self {
device_id: 5,
platform,
logic_elements: 1_968_000,
dsp_blocks: 9024,
block_ram_kb: 175_000,
max_clock_frequency: 700.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR5,
bandwidth: 120.0,
capacity: 256.0,
latency: 140.0,
},
MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::HBM3,
bandwidth: 1024.0,
capacity: 32.0,
latency: 35.0,
},
],
pcie_lanes: 32,
power_consumption: 100.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed8,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float64,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::XilinxKintexUltraScale => Self {
device_id: 6,
platform,
logic_elements: 850_000,
dsp_blocks: 2928,
block_ram_kb: 75_900,
max_clock_frequency: 500.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::DDR4,
bandwidth: 60.0,
capacity: 32.0,
latency: 200.0,
}],
pcie_lanes: 8,
power_consumption: 80.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
],
},
FPGAPlatform::Simulation => Self {
device_id: 99,
platform,
logic_elements: 10_000_000,
dsp_blocks: 10_000,
block_ram_kb: 1_000_000,
max_clock_frequency: 1000.0,
memory_interfaces: vec![MemoryInterface {
interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType::HBM3,
bandwidth: 2000.0,
capacity: 128.0,
latency: 10.0,
}],
pcie_lanes: 64,
power_consumption: 50.0,
supported_precision: vec![
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed8,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Fixed32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float16,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float32,
ArithmeticPrecision::Float64,
],
},
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MemoryPool {
pub name: String,
pub size_kb: usize,
pub used_kb: usize,
pub access_pattern: MemoryAccessPattern,
pub banks: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum SchedulingAlgorithm {
FIFO,
RoundRobin,
PriorityBased,
DeadlineAware,
BandwidthOptimized,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MemoryAccessScheduler {
pub algorithm: SchedulingAlgorithm,
pub queue_size: usize,
pub priority_levels: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct QuantumProcessingUnit {
pub unit_id: usize,
pub supported_gates: Vec<InterfaceGateType>,
pub pipeline_stages: Vec<PipelineStage>,
pub local_memory_kb: usize,
pub frequency: f64,
pub utilization: f64,
}
pub struct FPGAQuantumSimulator {
config: FPGAConfig,
device_info: FPGADeviceInfo,
processing_units: Vec<QuantumProcessingUnit>,
pub hdl_modules: HashMap<String, HDLModule>,
pub stats: FPGAStats,
pub memory_manager: FPGAMemoryManager,
pub bitstream_manager: BitstreamManager,
}
impl FPGAQuantumSimulator {
pub fn new(config: FPGAConfig) -> Result<Self> {
let device_info = FPGADeviceInfo::for_platform(config.platform);
let processing_units = Self::create_processing_units(&config, &device_info)?;
let memory_manager = Self::create_memory_manager(&config, &device_info)?;
let bitstream_manager = Self::create_bitstream_manager(&config)?;
let mut simulator = Self {
config,
device_info,
processing_units,
hdl_modules: HashMap::new(),
stats: FPGAStats::default(),
memory_manager,
bitstream_manager,
};
simulator.generate_hdl_modules()?;
simulator.load_default_bitstream()?;
Ok(simulator)
}
pub fn create_processing_units(
config: &FPGAConfig,
device_info: &FPGADeviceInfo,
) -> Result<Vec<QuantumProcessingUnit>> {
let mut units = Vec::new();
for i in 0..config.num_processing_units {
let pipeline_stages = vec![
PipelineStage {
name: "Fetch".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::Fetch,
latency: 1,
throughput: 1.0,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "Decode".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::Decode,
latency: 1,
throughput: 1.0,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "Address".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::AddressCalculation,
latency: 1,
throughput: 1.0,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "MemRead".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::MemoryRead,
latency: 2,
throughput: 0.5,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "Execute".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::GateExecution,
latency: 3,
throughput: 1.0,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "MemWrite".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::MemoryWrite,
latency: 2,
throughput: 0.5,
},
PipelineStage {
name: "Writeback".to_string(),
operation: PipelineOperation::Writeback,
latency: 1,
throughput: 1.0,
},
];
let unit = QuantumProcessingUnit {
unit_id: i,
supported_gates: vec![
InterfaceGateType::Hadamard,
InterfaceGateType::PauliX,
InterfaceGateType::PauliY,
InterfaceGateType::PauliZ,
InterfaceGateType::CNOT,
InterfaceGateType::CZ,
InterfaceGateType::RX(0.0),
InterfaceGateType::RY(0.0),
InterfaceGateType::RZ(0.0),
],
pipeline_stages,
local_memory_kb: device_info.block_ram_kb / config.num_processing_units,
frequency: config.clock_frequency,
utilization: 0.0,
};
units.push(unit);
}
Ok(units)
}
fn create_memory_manager(
config: &FPGAConfig,
device_info: &FPGADeviceInfo,
) -> Result<FPGAMemoryManager> {
let mut onchip_pools = HashMap::new();
onchip_pools.insert(
"state_vector".to_string(),
MemoryPool {
name: "state_vector".to_string(),
size_kb: device_info.block_ram_kb / 2,
used_kb: 0,
access_pattern: MemoryAccessPattern::Sequential,
banks: 16,
},
);
onchip_pools.insert(
"gate_cache".to_string(),
MemoryPool {
name: "gate_cache".to_string(),
size_kb: device_info.block_ram_kb / 4,
used_kb: 0,
access_pattern: MemoryAccessPattern::Random,
banks: 8,
},
);
onchip_pools.insert(
"instruction_cache".to_string(),
MemoryPool {
name: "instruction_cache".to_string(),
size_kb: device_info.block_ram_kb / 8,
used_kb: 0,
access_pattern: MemoryAccessPattern::Sequential,
banks: 4,
},
);
let external_interfaces: Vec<ExternalMemoryInterface> = device_info
.memory_interfaces
.iter()
.enumerate()
.map(|(i, _)| ExternalMemoryInterface {
interface_id: i,
interface_type: device_info.memory_interfaces[i].interface_type,
controller: format!("mem_ctrl_{i}"),
utilization: 0.0,
})
.collect();
let access_scheduler = MemoryAccessScheduler {
algorithm: SchedulingAlgorithm::BandwidthOptimized,
queue_size: 64,
priority_levels: 4,
};
Ok(FPGAMemoryManager {
onchip_pools,
external_interfaces,
access_scheduler,
total_memory_kb: device_info.block_ram_kb,
used_memory_kb: 0,
})
}
fn create_bitstream_manager(config: &FPGAConfig) -> Result<BitstreamManager> {
let mut bitstreams = HashMap::new();
bitstreams.insert(
"quantum_basic".to_string(),
Bitstream {
name: "quantum_basic".to_string(),
target_config: "Basic quantum gates".to_string(),
size_kb: 50_000,
config_time_ms: 200.0,
supported_algorithms: vec![
"VQE".to_string(),
"QAOA".to_string(),
"Grover".to_string(),
],
},
);
bitstreams.insert(
"quantum_advanced".to_string(),
Bitstream {
name: "quantum_advanced".to_string(),
target_config: "Advanced quantum algorithms".to_string(),
size_kb: 75_000,
config_time_ms: 300.0,
supported_algorithms: vec![
"Shor".to_string(),
"QFT".to_string(),
"Phase_Estimation".to_string(),
],
},
);
bitstreams.insert(
"quantum_ml".to_string(),
Bitstream {
name: "quantum_ml".to_string(),
target_config: "Quantum machine learning".to_string(),
size_kb: 60_000,
config_time_ms: 250.0,
supported_algorithms: vec![
"QML".to_string(),
"Variational_Circuits".to_string(),
"Quantum_GAN".to_string(),
],
},
);
Ok(BitstreamManager {
bitstreams,
current_config: None,
reconfig_time_ms: 200.0,
supports_partial_reconfig: matches!(
config.platform,
FPGAPlatform::IntelStratix10
| FPGAPlatform::IntelAgilex7
| FPGAPlatform::XilinxVersal
),
})
}
fn generate_hdl_modules(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
self.generate_single_qubit_module()?;
self.generate_two_qubit_module()?;
self.generate_control_unit_module()?;
self.generate_memory_controller_module()?;
self.generate_arithmetic_unit_module()?;
Ok(())
}
fn generate_single_qubit_module(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let hdl_code = match self.config.hdl_target {
HDLTarget::SystemVerilog => self.generate_single_qubit_systemverilog(),
HDLTarget::Verilog => self.generate_single_qubit_verilog(),
HDLTarget::VHDL => self.generate_single_qubit_vhdl(),
HDLTarget::OpenCL => self.generate_single_qubit_opencl(),
_ => self.generate_single_qubit_systemverilog(),
};
let module = HDLModule {
name: "single_qubit_gate".to_string(),
hdl_code,
resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization {
luts: 1000,
flip_flops: 500,
dsp_blocks: 8,
bram_kb: 2,
utilization_percent: 5.0,
},
timing_info: TimingInfo {
critical_path_delay: 3.2,
setup_slack: 0.8,
hold_slack: 1.5,
max_frequency: 312.5,
},
module_type: ModuleType::SingleQubitGate,
};
self.hdl_modules
.insert("single_qubit_gate".to_string(), module);
Ok(())
}
fn generate_single_qubit_systemverilog(&self) -> String {
format!(
r"
// Single Qubit Gate Processing Unit
// Generated for platform: {:?}
// Clock frequency: {:.1} MHz
// Data path width: {} bits
module single_qubit_gate #(
parameter DATA_WIDTH = {},
parameter ADDR_WIDTH = 20,
parameter PIPELINE_DEPTH = {}
) (
input logic clk,
input logic rst_n,
input logic enable,
// Gate parameters
input logic [1:0] gate_type, // 00: H, 01: X, 10: Y, 11: Z
input logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] gate_param, // For rotation gates
input logic [ADDR_WIDTH-1:0] target_qubit,
// State vector interface
input logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] state_real_in,
input logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] state_imag_in,
output logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] state_real_out,
output logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] state_imag_out,
// Control signals
output logic ready,
output logic valid_out
);
// Pipeline registers
logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] pipeline_real [0:PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] pipeline_imag [0:PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
logic [1:0] pipeline_gate_type [0:PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
logic [PIPELINE_DEPTH-1:0] pipeline_valid;
// Gate matrices (pre-computed constants)
localparam real SQRT2_INV = 0.7_071_067_811_865_476;
// Complex multiplication units
logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] mult_real, mult_imag;
logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] add_real, add_imag;
// DSP blocks for complex arithmetic
logic [DATA_WIDTH*2-1:0] dsp_mult_result;
logic [DATA_WIDTH-1:0] dsp_add_result;
always_ff @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
if (!rst_n) begin
pipeline_valid <= '0;
ready <= 1'b1;
end else if (enable) begin
// Pipeline stage advancement
for (int i = PIPELINE_DEPTH-1; i > 0; i--) begin
pipeline_real[i] <= pipeline_real[i-1];
pipeline_imag[i] <= pipeline_imag[i-1];
pipeline_gate_type[i] <= pipeline_gate_type[i-1];
end
// Input stage
pipeline_real[0] <= state_real_in;
pipeline_imag[0] <= state_imag_in;
pipeline_gate_type[0] <= gate_type;
// Valid signal pipeline
pipeline_valid <= {{pipeline_valid[PIPELINE_DEPTH-2:0], enable}};
end
end
// Gate operation logic (combinational)
always_comb begin
case (pipeline_gate_type[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1])
2'b00: begin // Hadamard
state_real_out = (pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1] + pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1]) * SQRT2_INV;
state_imag_out = (pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1] - pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1]) * SQRT2_INV;
end
2'b01: begin // Pauli-X
state_real_out = pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
state_imag_out = pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
end
2'b10: begin // Pauli-Y
state_real_out = -pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
state_imag_out = pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
end
2'b11: begin // Pauli-Z
state_real_out = pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
state_imag_out = -pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
end
default: begin
state_real_out = pipeline_real[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
state_imag_out = pipeline_imag[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
end
endcase
valid_out = pipeline_valid[PIPELINE_DEPTH-1];
end
endmodule
",
self.config.platform,
self.config.clock_frequency,
self.config.data_path_width,
self.config.data_path_width,
self.config.pipeline_depth
)
}
fn generate_single_qubit_verilog(&self) -> String {
"// Verilog single qubit gate module (simplified)\nmodule single_qubit_gate(...);"
.to_string()
}
fn generate_single_qubit_vhdl(&self) -> String {
"-- VHDL single qubit gate entity (simplified)\nentity single_qubit_gate is...".to_string()
}
fn generate_single_qubit_opencl(&self) -> String {
r"
// OpenCL kernel for single qubit gates
__kernel void single_qubit_gate(
__global float2* state,
__global const float* gate_matrix,
const int target_qubit,
const int num_qubits
) {
const int global_id = get_global_id(0);
const int total_states = 1 << num_qubits;
if (global_id >= total_states / 2) return;
const int target_mask = 1 << target_qubit;
const int i = global_id;
const int j = i | target_mask;
if ((i & target_mask) == 0) {
float2 state_i = state[i];
float2 state_j = state[j];
// Apply 2x2 gate matrix
state[i] = (float2)(
gate_matrix[0] * state_i.x - gate_matrix[1] * state_i.y +
gate_matrix[2] * state_j.x - gate_matrix[3] * state_j.y,
gate_matrix[0] * state_i.y + gate_matrix[1] * state_i.x +
gate_matrix[2] * state_j.y + gate_matrix[3] * state_j.x
);
state[j] = (float2)(
gate_matrix[4] * state_i.x - gate_matrix[5] * state_i.y +
gate_matrix[6] * state_j.x - gate_matrix[7] * state_j.y,
gate_matrix[4] * state_i.y + gate_matrix[5] * state_i.x +
gate_matrix[6] * state_j.y + gate_matrix[7] * state_j.x
);
}
}
"
.to_string()
}
fn generate_two_qubit_module(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let hdl_code = "// Two qubit gate module (placeholder)".to_string();
let module = HDLModule {
name: "two_qubit_gate".to_string(),
hdl_code,
resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization {
luts: 2500,
flip_flops: 1200,
dsp_blocks: 16,
bram_kb: 8,
utilization_percent: 12.0,
},
timing_info: TimingInfo {
critical_path_delay: 4.5,
setup_slack: 0.5,
hold_slack: 1.2,
max_frequency: 222.2,
},
module_type: ModuleType::TwoQubitGate,
};
self.hdl_modules
.insert("two_qubit_gate".to_string(), module);
Ok(())
}
fn generate_control_unit_module(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let hdl_code = "// Control unit module (placeholder)".to_string();
let module = HDLModule {
name: "control_unit".to_string(),
hdl_code,
resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization {
luts: 5000,
flip_flops: 3000,
dsp_blocks: 4,
bram_kb: 16,
utilization_percent: 25.0,
},
timing_info: TimingInfo {
critical_path_delay: 2.8,
setup_slack: 1.2,
hold_slack: 2.0,
max_frequency: 357.1,
},
module_type: ModuleType::ControlUnit,
};
self.hdl_modules.insert("control_unit".to_string(), module);
Ok(())
}
fn generate_memory_controller_module(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let hdl_code = "// Memory controller module (placeholder)".to_string();
let module = HDLModule {
name: "memory_controller".to_string(),
hdl_code,
resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization {
luts: 3000,
flip_flops: 2000,
dsp_blocks: 0,
bram_kb: 32,
utilization_percent: 15.0,
},
timing_info: TimingInfo {
critical_path_delay: 3.5,
setup_slack: 0.9,
hold_slack: 1.8,
max_frequency: 285.7,
},
module_type: ModuleType::MemoryController,
};
self.hdl_modules
.insert("memory_controller".to_string(), module);
Ok(())
}
fn generate_arithmetic_unit_module(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let hdl_code = "// Arithmetic unit module (placeholder)".to_string();
let module = HDLModule {
name: "arithmetic_unit".to_string(),
hdl_code,
resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization {
luts: 4000,
flip_flops: 2500,
dsp_blocks: 32,
bram_kb: 4,
utilization_percent: 20.0,
},
timing_info: TimingInfo {
critical_path_delay: 3.8,
setup_slack: 0.7,
hold_slack: 1.5,
max_frequency: 263.2,
},
module_type: ModuleType::ArithmeticUnit,
};
self.hdl_modules
.insert("arithmetic_unit".to_string(), module);
Ok(())
}
fn load_default_bitstream(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50));
self.bitstream_manager.current_config = Some("quantum_basic".to_string());
let config_time = start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0;
self.stats.reconfigurations += 1;
self.stats.total_reconfig_time += config_time;
Ok(())
}
pub fn execute_circuit(&mut self, circuit: &InterfaceCircuit) -> Result<Array1<Complex64>> {
let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
let mut state = Array1::zeros(1 << circuit.num_qubits);
state[0] = Complex64::new(1.0, 0.0);
for gate in &circuit.gates {
state = self.apply_gate_fpga(&state, gate)?;
}
let execution_time = start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0;
let clock_cycles = (execution_time * self.config.clock_frequency * 1000.0) as u64;
self.stats.update_operation(execution_time, clock_cycles);
self.update_utilization();
Ok(state)
}
fn apply_gate_fpga(
&mut self,
state: &Array1<Complex64>,
gate: &InterfaceGate,
) -> Result<Array1<Complex64>> {
let unit_id = self.select_processing_unit(gate)?;
let result = match gate.gate_type {
InterfaceGateType::Hadamard
| InterfaceGateType::PauliX
| InterfaceGateType::PauliY
| InterfaceGateType::PauliZ => self.apply_single_qubit_gate_fpga(state, gate, unit_id),
InterfaceGateType::CNOT | InterfaceGateType::CZ => {
self.apply_two_qubit_gate_fpga(state, gate, unit_id)
}
InterfaceGateType::RX(_) | InterfaceGateType::RY(_) | InterfaceGateType::RZ(_) => {
self.apply_rotation_gate_fpga(state, gate, unit_id)
}
_ => Ok(state.clone()),
};
if let Ok(_) = result {
self.processing_units[unit_id].utilization += 1.0;
}
result
}
fn select_processing_unit(&self, gate: &InterfaceGate) -> Result<usize> {
let mut best_unit = 0;
let mut min_utilization = f64::INFINITY;
for (i, unit) in self.processing_units.iter().enumerate() {
if unit.supported_gates.contains(&gate.gate_type) && unit.utilization < min_utilization
{
best_unit = i;
min_utilization = unit.utilization;
}
}
Ok(best_unit)
}
pub fn apply_single_qubit_gate_fpga(
&self,
state: &Array1<Complex64>,
gate: &InterfaceGate,
_unit_id: usize,
) -> Result<Array1<Complex64>> {
if gate.qubits.is_empty() {
return Ok(state.clone());
}
let target_qubit = gate.qubits[0];
let mut result = state.clone();
let pipeline_latency =
self.config.pipeline_depth as f64 / self.config.clock_frequency * 1000.0;
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_micros(
(pipeline_latency * 10.0) as u64,
));
for i in 0..state.len() {
if (i >> target_qubit) & 1 == 0 {
let j = i | (1 << target_qubit);
if j < state.len() {
let state_0 = result[i];
let state_1 = result[j];
match gate.gate_type {
InterfaceGateType::Hadamard => {
let inv_sqrt2 = 1.0 / 2.0_f64.sqrt();
result[i] = Complex64::new(inv_sqrt2, 0.0) * (state_0 + state_1);
result[j] = Complex64::new(inv_sqrt2, 0.0) * (state_0 - state_1);
}
InterfaceGateType::PauliX => {
result[i] = state_1;
result[j] = state_0;
}
InterfaceGateType::PauliY => {
result[i] = Complex64::new(0.0, -1.0) * state_1;
result[j] = Complex64::new(0.0, 1.0) * state_0;
}
InterfaceGateType::PauliZ => {
result[j] = -state_1;
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
}
Ok(result)
}
fn apply_two_qubit_gate_fpga(
&self,
state: &Array1<Complex64>,
gate: &InterfaceGate,
_unit_id: usize,
) -> Result<Array1<Complex64>> {
if gate.qubits.len() < 2 {
return Ok(state.clone());
}
let control = gate.qubits[0];
let target = gate.qubits[1];
let mut result = state.clone();
let pipeline_latency =
self.config.pipeline_depth as f64 * 1.5 / self.config.clock_frequency * 1000.0;
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_micros(
(pipeline_latency * 15.0) as u64,
));
match gate.gate_type {
InterfaceGateType::CNOT => {
for i in 0..state.len() {
if ((i >> control) & 1) == 1 {
let j = i ^ (1 << target);
if j < state.len() && i != j {
let temp = result[i];
result[i] = result[j];
result[j] = temp;
}
}
}
}
InterfaceGateType::CZ => {
for i in 0..state.len() {
if ((i >> control) & 1) == 1 && ((i >> target) & 1) == 1 {
result[i] = -result[i];
}
}
}
_ => {}
}
Ok(result)
}
fn apply_rotation_gate_fpga(
&self,
state: &Array1<Complex64>,
gate: &InterfaceGate,
unit_id: usize,
) -> Result<Array1<Complex64>> {
self.apply_single_qubit_gate_fpga(state, gate, unit_id)
}
fn update_utilization(&mut self) {
let total_utilization: f64 = self.processing_units.iter().map(|u| u.utilization).sum();
self.stats.fpga_utilization = total_utilization / self.processing_units.len() as f64;
self.stats.pipeline_efficiency = if self.config.enable_pipelining {
0.85
} else {
0.6
};
self.stats.memory_bandwidth_utilization = 0.7;
self.stats.power_consumption =
self.device_info.power_consumption * self.stats.fpga_utilization;
}
#[must_use]
pub const fn get_device_info(&self) -> &FPGADeviceInfo {
&self.device_info
}
#[must_use]
pub const fn get_stats(&self) -> &FPGAStats {
&self.stats
}
#[must_use]
pub const fn get_hdl_modules(&self) -> &HashMap<String, HDLModule> {
&self.hdl_modules
}
pub fn reconfigure(&mut self, bitstream_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
if !self
.bitstream_manager
.bitstreams
.contains_key(bitstream_name)
{
return Err(SimulatorError::InvalidInput(format!(
"Bitstream {bitstream_name} not found"
)));
}
let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
let bitstream = &self.bitstream_manager.bitstreams[bitstream_name];
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(
(bitstream.config_time_ms / 10.0) as u64,
));
self.bitstream_manager.current_config = Some(bitstream_name.to_string());
let reconfig_time = start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64() * 1000.0;
self.stats.reconfigurations += 1;
self.stats.total_reconfig_time += reconfig_time;
Ok(())
}
#[must_use]
pub fn is_fpga_available(&self) -> bool {
!self.hdl_modules.is_empty()
}
pub fn export_hdl(&self, module_name: &str) -> Result<String> {
self.hdl_modules
.get(module_name)
.map(|module| module.hdl_code.clone())
.ok_or_else(|| SimulatorError::InvalidInput(format!("Module {module_name} not found")))
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Bitstream {
pub name: String,
pub target_config: String,
pub size_kb: usize,
pub config_time_ms: f64,
pub supported_algorithms: Vec<String>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ArithmeticPrecision {
Fixed8,
Fixed16,
Fixed32,
Float16,
Float32,
Float64,
CustomFixed(u32),
CustomFloat(u32, u32),
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum PipelineOperation {
Fetch,
Decode,
AddressCalculation,
MemoryRead,
GateExecution,
MemoryWrite,
Writeback,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct HDLModule {
pub name: String,
pub hdl_code: String,
pub resource_utilization: ResourceUtilization,
pub timing_info: TimingInfo,
pub module_type: ModuleType,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum MemoryInterfaceType {
DDR4,
DDR5,
HBM2,
HBM3,
GDDR6,
OnChipRAM,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum HDLTarget {
Verilog,
SystemVerilog,
VHDL,
Chisel,
HLS,
OpenCL,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ModuleType {
SingleQubitGate,
TwoQubitGate,
ControlUnit,
MemoryController,
ArithmeticUnit,
StateVectorUnit,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
pub struct ResourceUtilization {
pub luts: usize,
pub flip_flops: usize,
pub dsp_blocks: usize,
pub bram_kb: usize,
pub utilization_percent: f64,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FPGAMemoryManager {
pub onchip_pools: HashMap<String, MemoryPool>,
pub external_interfaces: Vec<ExternalMemoryInterface>,
pub access_scheduler: MemoryAccessScheduler,
pub total_memory_kb: usize,
pub used_memory_kb: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct FPGAStats {
pub total_gate_operations: usize,
pub total_execution_time: f64,
pub avg_gate_time: f64,
pub total_clock_cycles: u64,
pub fpga_utilization: f64,
pub memory_bandwidth_utilization: f64,
pub pipeline_efficiency: f64,
pub reconfigurations: usize,
pub total_reconfig_time: f64,
pub power_consumption: f64,
}
impl FPGAStats {
pub fn update_operation(&mut self, execution_time: f64, clock_cycles: u64) {
self.total_gate_operations += 1;
self.total_execution_time += execution_time;
self.avg_gate_time =
(self.total_execution_time * 1_000_000.0) / self.total_gate_operations as f64;
self.total_clock_cycles += clock_cycles;
}
#[must_use]
pub fn get_performance_metrics(&self) -> HashMap<String, f64> {
let mut metrics = HashMap::new();
if self.total_execution_time > 0.0 {
metrics.insert(
"operations_per_second".to_string(),
self.total_gate_operations as f64 / (self.total_execution_time / 1000.0),
);
metrics.insert(
"cycles_per_operation".to_string(),
self.total_clock_cycles as f64 / self.total_gate_operations as f64,
);
}
metrics.insert("fpga_utilization".to_string(), self.fpga_utilization);
metrics.insert("pipeline_efficiency".to_string(), self.pipeline_efficiency);
metrics.insert(
"memory_bandwidth_utilization".to_string(),
self.memory_bandwidth_utilization,
);
metrics.insert(
"power_efficiency".to_string(),
self.total_gate_operations as f64
/ (self.power_consumption * self.total_execution_time / 1000.0),
);
metrics
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct FPGAConfig {
pub platform: FPGAPlatform,
pub clock_frequency: f64,
pub num_processing_units: usize,
pub memory_bandwidth: f64,
pub enable_pipelining: bool,
pub pipeline_depth: usize,
pub data_path_width: usize,
pub enable_dsp_optimization: bool,
pub enable_bram_optimization: bool,
pub max_state_size: usize,
pub enable_realtime: bool,
pub hdl_target: HDLTarget,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ExternalMemoryInterface {
pub interface_id: usize,
pub interface_type: MemoryInterfaceType,
pub controller: String,
pub utilization: f64,
}