use crate::circuit_integration::{DeviceTopology, QubitProperties};
use crate::error::{MLError, Result};
use quantrs2_circuit::prelude::*;
use quantrs2_core::prelude::*;
use scirs2_core::ndarray::{Array1, Array2};
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
pub struct DeviceCompiler {
topology: DeviceTopology,
options: CompilationOptions,
characterization: DeviceCharacterization,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct CompilationOptions {
pub optimization_level: u8,
pub max_compilation_time: f64,
pub error_threshold: f64,
pub noise_aware: bool,
pub crosstalk_mitigation: bool,
pub routing_algorithm: RoutingAlgorithm,
pub synthesis_method: SynthesisMethod,
}
impl Default for CompilationOptions {
fn default() -> Self {
Self {
optimization_level: 2,
max_compilation_time: 60.0,
error_threshold: 0.01,
noise_aware: true,
crosstalk_mitigation: true,
routing_algorithm: RoutingAlgorithm::SABRE,
synthesis_method: SynthesisMethod::SolovayKitaev,
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum RoutingAlgorithm {
SABRE,
Lookahead,
TokenSwapping,
Heuristic,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum SynthesisMethod {
SolovayKitaev,
Shannon,
KAK,
Cartan,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DeviceCharacterization {
pub gate_errors: HashMap<String, f64>,
pub two_qubit_errors: HashMap<(usize, usize), f64>,
pub readout_errors: Array1<f64>,
pub crosstalk_matrix: Array2<f64>,
pub gate_times: HashMap<String, f64>,
pub calibration_time: std::time::SystemTime,
}
impl DeviceCharacterization {
pub fn default_for_device(num_qubits: usize) -> Self {
let mut gate_errors = HashMap::new();
gate_errors.insert("X".to_string(), 0.001);
gate_errors.insert("Y".to_string(), 0.001);
gate_errors.insert("Z".to_string(), 0.0001);
gate_errors.insert("H".to_string(), 0.002);
gate_errors.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 0.01);
let mut gate_times = HashMap::new();
gate_times.insert("X".to_string(), 0.02); gate_times.insert("Y".to_string(), 0.02);
gate_times.insert("Z".to_string(), 0.0); gate_times.insert("H".to_string(), 0.02);
gate_times.insert("CNOT".to_string(), 0.2);
Self {
gate_errors,
two_qubit_errors: HashMap::new(),
readout_errors: Array1::from_elem(num_qubits, 0.02),
crosstalk_matrix: Array2::zeros((num_qubits, num_qubits)),
gate_times,
calibration_time: std::time::SystemTime::now(),
}
}
pub fn set_gate_error(&mut self, gate: &str, qubits: &[usize], error: f64) {
if qubits.len() == 2 {
self.two_qubit_errors.insert((qubits[0], qubits[1]), error);
} else {
self.gate_errors.insert(gate.to_string(), error);
}
}
pub fn get_gate_error(&self, gate: &str, qubits: &[usize]) -> f64 {
if qubits.len() == 2 {
self.two_qubit_errors
.get(&(qubits[0], qubits[1]))
.or_else(|| self.two_qubit_errors.get(&(qubits[1], qubits[0])))
.copied()
.unwrap_or_else(|| self.gate_errors.get(gate).copied().unwrap_or(0.01))
} else {
self.gate_errors.get(gate).copied().unwrap_or(0.001)
}
}
}
impl DeviceCompiler {
pub fn new(topology: DeviceTopology) -> Self {
let num_qubits = topology.num_qubits();
Self {
topology,
options: CompilationOptions::default(),
characterization: DeviceCharacterization::default_for_device(num_qubits),
}
}
pub fn with_options(mut self, options: CompilationOptions) -> Self {
self.options = options;
self
}
pub fn with_characterization(mut self, characterization: DeviceCharacterization) -> Self {
self.characterization = characterization;
self
}
pub fn compile_model<const N: usize>(
&self,
model: &QuantumMLModel,
) -> Result<CompiledModel<N>> {
let start_time = std::time::Instant::now();
let mut circuit = self.model_to_circuit::<N>(model)?;
circuit = self.initial_optimization::<N>(&circuit)?;
let (mut circuit, qubit_mapping) = self.route_circuit::<N>(&circuit)?;
circuit = self.synthesize_gates::<N>(&circuit)?;
if self.options.noise_aware {
circuit = self.noise_aware_optimization::<N>(&circuit)?;
}
if self.options.crosstalk_mitigation {
circuit = self.mitigate_crosstalk::<N>(&circuit)?;
}
circuit = self.final_optimization::<N>(&circuit)?;
let compilation_time = start_time.elapsed().as_secs_f64();
let metrics = self.analyze_compiled_circuit::<N>(&circuit, compilation_time)?;
Ok(CompiledModel {
circuit,
qubit_mapping,
metrics,
target_device: self.topology.clone(),
characterization: self.characterization.clone(),
})
}
fn model_to_circuit<const N: usize>(&self, model: &QuantumMLModel) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
let mut builder = CircuitBuilder::<N>::new();
for layer in &model.layers {
match layer {
ModelLayer::Encoding(encoding_layer) => {
self.add_encoding_layer::<N>(&mut builder, encoding_layer)?;
}
ModelLayer::Variational(var_layer) => {
self.add_variational_layer::<N>(&mut builder, var_layer)?;
}
ModelLayer::Measurement(meas_layer) => {
self.add_measurement_layer::<N>(&mut builder, meas_layer)?;
}
}
}
Ok(builder.build())
}
fn add_encoding_layer<const N: usize>(
&self,
builder: &mut CircuitBuilder<N>,
layer: &EncodingLayer,
) -> Result<()> {
match &layer.encoding_type {
EncodingType::Amplitude => {
for qubit in &layer.qubits {
builder.ry(*qubit, 0.0)?; }
}
EncodingType::Angle => {
for qubit in &layer.qubits {
builder.rz(*qubit, 0.0)?; }
}
EncodingType::Basis => {
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn add_variational_layer<const N: usize>(
&self,
builder: &mut CircuitBuilder<N>,
layer: &VariationalLayer,
) -> Result<()> {
match &layer.ansatz_type {
AnsatzType::HardwareEfficient => {
for qubit in &layer.qubits {
builder.ry(*qubit, 0.0)?;
builder.rz(*qubit, 0.0)?;
}
for i in 0..layer.qubits.len() - 1 {
builder.cnot(layer.qubits[i], layer.qubits[i + 1])?;
}
}
AnsatzType::QAOA => {
for qubit in &layer.qubits {
builder.rx(*qubit, 0.0)?; }
}
AnsatzType::Custom(gates) => {
for gate in gates {
self.add_custom_gate(builder, gate)?;
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn add_measurement_layer<const N: usize>(
&self,
builder: &mut CircuitBuilder<N>,
layer: &MeasurementLayer,
) -> Result<()> {
for qubit in &layer.qubits {
}
Ok(())
}
fn add_custom_gate<const N: usize>(
&self,
builder: &mut CircuitBuilder<N>,
gate: &CustomGate,
) -> Result<()> {
match gate {
CustomGate::SingleQubit {
qubit,
gate_type,
parameter,
} => match gate_type.as_str() {
"RX" => {
builder.rx(*qubit, *parameter)?;
}
"RY" => {
builder.ry(*qubit, *parameter)?;
}
"RZ" => {
builder.rz(*qubit, *parameter)?;
}
"H" => {
builder.h(*qubit)?;
}
_ => {
return Err(MLError::InvalidConfiguration(format!(
"Unknown gate type: {}",
gate_type
)))
}
},
CustomGate::TwoQubit {
control,
target,
gate_type,
parameter,
} => {
match gate_type.as_str() {
"CNOT" => {
builder.cnot(*control, *target)?;
}
"CZ" => {
builder.cz(*control, *target)?;
}
"RZZ" => {
builder.crz(*control, *target, *parameter)?;
} _ => {
return Err(MLError::InvalidConfiguration(format!(
"Unknown two-qubit gate type: {}",
gate_type
)))
}
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn initial_optimization<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
let mut optimized = circuit.clone();
if self.options.optimization_level >= 1 {
optimized = self.remove_redundant_gates::<N>(&optimized)?;
}
if self.options.optimization_level >= 2 {
optimized = self.merge_rotations::<N>(&optimized)?;
}
if self.options.optimization_level >= 3 {
optimized = self.commutation_optimization::<N>(&optimized)?;
}
Ok(optimized)
}
fn route_circuit<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
) -> Result<(Circuit<N>, QubitMapping)> {
match self.options.routing_algorithm {
RoutingAlgorithm::SABRE => self.sabre_routing(circuit),
RoutingAlgorithm::Lookahead => self.lookahead_routing(circuit),
RoutingAlgorithm::TokenSwapping => self.token_swapping_routing(circuit),
RoutingAlgorithm::Heuristic => self.heuristic_routing(circuit),
}
}
fn sabre_routing<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
) -> Result<(Circuit<N>, QubitMapping)> {
let mut routed_circuit = CircuitBuilder::<N>::new();
let mut mapping = QubitMapping::identity(circuit.num_qubits());
for gate in circuit.gates() {
if gate.num_qubits() == 2 {
let (q1, q2) = (gate.qubits()[0], gate.qubits()[1]);
if !self.topology.are_connected(
mapping.logical_to_physical(q1.into()),
mapping.logical_to_physical(q2.into()),
) {
let swaps = self.find_swap_path(
mapping.logical_to_physical(q1.into()),
mapping.logical_to_physical(q2.into()),
)?;
for (qa, qb) in swaps {
routed_circuit.swap(qa, qb)?;
mapping.apply_swap(qa, qb);
}
}
}
self.add_mapped_gate::<N>(&mut routed_circuit, gate.as_ref(), &mapping)?;
}
Ok((routed_circuit.build(), mapping))
}
fn find_swap_path(&self, start: usize, end: usize) -> Result<Vec<(usize, usize)>> {
let mut queue = VecDeque::new();
let mut visited = HashSet::new();
let mut parent = HashMap::new();
queue.push_back(start);
visited.insert(start);
while let Some(current) = queue.pop_front() {
if current == end {
let mut path = Vec::new();
let mut node = end;
while let Some(&prev) = parent.get(&node) {
path.push((prev, node));
node = prev;
}
path.reverse();
return Ok(path);
}
for neighbor in self.topology.neighbors(current) {
if !visited.contains(&neighbor) {
visited.insert(neighbor);
parent.insert(neighbor, current);
queue.push_back(neighbor);
}
}
}
Err(MLError::InvalidConfiguration(
"No path found between qubits".to_string(),
))
}
fn lookahead_routing<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
) -> Result<(Circuit<N>, QubitMapping)> {
self.sabre_routing(circuit)
}
fn token_swapping_routing<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
) -> Result<(Circuit<N>, QubitMapping)> {
self.sabre_routing(circuit)
}
fn heuristic_routing<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
) -> Result<(Circuit<N>, QubitMapping)> {
self.sabre_routing(circuit)
}
fn add_mapped_gate<const N: usize>(
&self,
builder: &mut CircuitBuilder<N>,
gate: &dyn GateOp,
mapping: &QubitMapping,
) -> Result<()> {
let mapped_qubits: Vec<usize> = gate
.qubits()
.iter()
.map(|&q| mapping.logical_to_physical(q.into()))
.collect();
match gate.name() {
"H" => {
builder.h(mapped_qubits[0])?;
}
"X" => {
builder.x(mapped_qubits[0])?;
}
"Y" => {
builder.y(mapped_qubits[0])?;
}
"Z" => {
builder.z(mapped_qubits[0])?;
}
"RX" => {
let theta = gate
.as_any()
.downcast_ref::<single::RotationX>()
.map(|g| g.theta)
.unwrap_or(0.0);
builder.rx(mapped_qubits[0], theta)?;
}
"RY" => {
let theta = gate
.as_any()
.downcast_ref::<single::RotationY>()
.map(|g| g.theta)
.unwrap_or(0.0);
builder.ry(mapped_qubits[0], theta)?;
}
"RZ" => {
let theta = gate
.as_any()
.downcast_ref::<single::RotationZ>()
.map(|g| g.theta)
.unwrap_or(0.0);
builder.rz(mapped_qubits[0], theta)?;
}
"CNOT" => {
builder.cnot(mapped_qubits[0], mapped_qubits[1])?;
}
"CZ" => {
builder.cz(mapped_qubits[0], mapped_qubits[1])?;
}
"SWAP" => {
builder.swap(mapped_qubits[0], mapped_qubits[1])?;
}
_ => {
return Err(MLError::InvalidConfiguration(format!(
"Unknown gate type: {}",
gate.name()
)))
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn synthesize_gates<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
match self.options.synthesis_method {
SynthesisMethod::SolovayKitaev => self.solovay_kitaev_synthesis(circuit),
SynthesisMethod::Shannon => self.shannon_synthesis(circuit),
SynthesisMethod::KAK => self.kak_synthesis(circuit),
SynthesisMethod::Cartan => self.cartan_synthesis(circuit),
}
}
fn solovay_kitaev_synthesis<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn shannon_synthesis<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn kak_synthesis<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn cartan_synthesis<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn noise_aware_optimization<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
let mut optimized = circuit.clone();
optimized = self.schedule_for_coherence::<N>(&optimized)?;
optimized = self.select_low_error_gates::<N>(&optimized)?;
Ok(optimized)
}
fn schedule_for_coherence<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn select_low_error_gates<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn mitigate_crosstalk<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn final_optimization<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
let mut optimized = circuit.clone();
optimized = self.merge_rotations::<N>(&optimized)?;
optimized = self.remove_identity_gates::<N>(&optimized)?;
Ok(optimized)
}
fn remove_redundant_gates<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn merge_rotations<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn commutation_optimization<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn remove_identity_gates<const N: usize>(&self, circuit: &Circuit<N>) -> Result<Circuit<N>> {
Ok(circuit.clone())
}
fn analyze_compiled_circuit<const N: usize>(
&self,
circuit: &Circuit<N>,
compilation_time: f64,
) -> Result<CompilationMetrics> {
let gate_count = circuit.num_gates();
let depth = {
let gates = circuit.gates();
let mut qubit_depth: HashMap<usize, usize> = HashMap::new();
let mut max_depth: usize = 0;
for gate in gates {
let qubits_usize: Vec<usize> = gate.qubits().iter().map(|&q| q.into()).collect();
let gate_layer = qubits_usize
.iter()
.map(|q| qubit_depth.get(q).copied().unwrap_or(0))
.max()
.unwrap_or(0)
+ 1;
for q in &qubits_usize {
qubit_depth.insert(*q, gate_layer);
}
if gate_layer > max_depth {
max_depth = gate_layer;
}
}
max_depth
};
let two_qubit_gate_count = circuit
.gates()
.iter()
.filter(|g| g.num_qubits() == 2)
.count();
let mut total_error = 0.0;
for gate in circuit.gates() {
let qubits_usize: Vec<usize> = gate.qubits().iter().map(|&q| q.into()).collect();
total_error += self
.characterization
.get_gate_error(gate.name(), &qubits_usize);
}
let mut execution_time = 0.0;
for gate in circuit.gates() {
execution_time += self
.characterization
.gate_times
.get(gate.name())
.copied()
.unwrap_or(0.1);
}
Ok(CompilationMetrics {
gate_count,
depth,
two_qubit_gate_count,
total_error,
execution_time,
compilation_time,
swap_count: 0, })
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct QuantumMLModel {
pub layers: Vec<ModelLayer>,
pub num_qubits: usize,
pub num_parameters: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum ModelLayer {
Encoding(EncodingLayer),
Variational(VariationalLayer),
Measurement(MeasurementLayer),
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct EncodingLayer {
pub qubits: Vec<usize>,
pub encoding_type: EncodingType,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum EncodingType {
Amplitude,
Angle,
Basis,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VariationalLayer {
pub qubits: Vec<usize>,
pub ansatz_type: AnsatzType,
pub repetitions: usize,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum AnsatzType {
HardwareEfficient,
QAOA,
Custom(Vec<CustomGate>),
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum CustomGate {
SingleQubit {
qubit: usize,
gate_type: String,
parameter: f64,
},
TwoQubit {
control: usize,
target: usize,
gate_type: String,
parameter: f64,
},
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MeasurementLayer {
pub qubits: Vec<usize>,
pub basis: MeasurementBasis,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum MeasurementBasis {
Computational,
X,
Y,
Pauli(String),
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct CompiledModel<const N: usize> {
pub circuit: Circuit<N>,
pub qubit_mapping: QubitMapping,
pub metrics: CompilationMetrics,
pub target_device: DeviceTopology,
pub characterization: DeviceCharacterization,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct QubitMapping {
logical_to_physical: Vec<usize>,
physical_to_logical: Vec<Option<usize>>,
}
impl QubitMapping {
pub fn identity(num_qubits: usize) -> Self {
Self {
logical_to_physical: (0..num_qubits).collect(),
physical_to_logical: (0..num_qubits).map(Some).collect(),
}
}
pub fn logical_to_physical(&self, logical: usize) -> usize {
self.logical_to_physical[logical]
}
pub fn physical_to_logical(&self, physical: usize) -> Option<usize> {
self.physical_to_logical.get(physical).copied().flatten()
}
pub fn apply_swap(&mut self, q1: usize, q2: usize) {
for logical in &mut self.logical_to_physical {
if *logical == q1 {
*logical = q2;
} else if *logical == q2 {
*logical = q1;
}
}
self.physical_to_logical.swap(q1, q2);
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct CompilationMetrics {
pub gate_count: usize,
pub depth: usize,
pub two_qubit_gate_count: usize,
pub total_error: f64,
pub execution_time: f64,
pub compilation_time: f64,
pub swap_count: usize,
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use crate::circuit_integration::DeviceTopology;
#[test]
fn test_device_compiler_creation() {
let topology = DeviceTopology::new(5)
.add_edge(0, 1)
.add_edge(1, 2)
.add_edge(2, 3)
.add_edge(3, 4);
let compiler = DeviceCompiler::new(topology);
assert_eq!(compiler.options.optimization_level, 2);
}
#[test]
fn test_device_characterization() {
let mut char = DeviceCharacterization::default_for_device(3);
char.set_gate_error("CNOT", &[0, 1], 0.005);
assert_eq!(char.get_gate_error("CNOT", &[0, 1]), 0.005);
assert_eq!(char.get_gate_error("X", &[0]), 0.001);
}
#[test]
fn test_qubit_mapping() {
let mut mapping = QubitMapping::identity(3);
assert_eq!(mapping.logical_to_physical(1), 1);
mapping.apply_swap(0, 2);
assert_eq!(mapping.logical_to_physical(0), 2);
assert_eq!(mapping.logical_to_physical(2), 0);
}
#[test]
fn test_compilation_options() {
let options = CompilationOptions {
optimization_level: 3,
noise_aware: false,
routing_algorithm: RoutingAlgorithm::Lookahead,
..Default::default()
};
assert_eq!(options.optimization_level, 3);
assert!(!options.noise_aware);
}
}