use quantrs2_circuit::distributed::{
self, AuthenticationType, BackendCapabilities, BackendPerformance, BackendStatus, BackendType,
BackoffStrategy, ClassicalResources, ConnectivityGraph, Credentials, DistributedExecutor,
DistributedJob, ErrorCorrectionStrategy, ErrorMitigation, ExecutionBackend,
ExecutionParameters, ExecutionStatus, ExecutionTimeModel, GPUInfo, LoadBalancingStrategy,
NetworkConfig, NoiseCharacteristics, Priority, QueueInfo, ResultFormat, RetryPolicy,
SimulatorType, TimeoutConfig,
};
use quantrs2_circuit::prelude::*;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::time::Instant;
fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
println!("🌐 Distributed Circuit Execution Demo");
println!("====================================\n");
println!("1. Creating Distributed Executor");
println!("--------------------------------");
let mut executor = DistributedExecutor::new();
println!("Created distributed executor with default configuration");
println!(" Load balancing: {:?}", executor.load_balancer.strategy);
println!(" Scheduling policy: {:?}", executor.scheduler.policy);
println!(
" Fault tolerance enabled: {}",
executor.fault_tolerance.enable_failover
);
println!(
" Redundancy level: {}",
executor.fault_tolerance.redundancy_level
);
println!("\n2. Adding Execution Backends");
println!("----------------------------");
let hardware_backend = create_hardware_backend();
println!("Adding hardware backend: {}", hardware_backend.id);
executor.add_backend(hardware_backend)?;
let simulator_backend = create_simulator_backend();
println!("Adding simulator backend: {}", simulator_backend.id);
executor.add_backend(simulator_backend)?;
let cloud_backend = create_cloud_backend();
println!("Adding cloud backend: {}", cloud_backend.id);
executor.add_backend(cloud_backend)?;
let hybrid_backend = create_hybrid_backend();
println!("Adding hybrid backend: {}", hybrid_backend.id);
executor.add_backend(hybrid_backend)?;
println!("Total backends added: {}", executor.backends.len());
println!("\n3. System Health Status");
println!("-----------------------");
let health = executor.get_health_status();
println!("System health:");
println!(" Total backends: {}", health.total_backends);
println!(" Available backends: {}", health.available_backends);
println!(" Total qubits: {}", health.total_qubits);
println!(
" Average queue time: {:.2} seconds",
health.average_queue_time
);
println!(" System load: {:.1}%", health.system_load * 100.0);
println!("\n4. Creating and Submitting Jobs");
println!("-------------------------------");
let jobs = create_test_jobs();
for (i, job) in jobs.iter().enumerate() {
println!(
"Job {}: {} ({} qubits, {} gates, priority: {:?})",
i + 1,
job.id,
job.circuit.num_qubits(),
job.circuit.num_gates(),
job.priority
);
match executor.submit_job(job.clone()) {
Ok(job_id) => println!(" ✅ Submitted successfully: {job_id}"),
Err(e) => println!(" ❌ Submission failed: {e}"),
}
}
println!("\n5. Load Balancing Strategies");
println!("----------------------------");
let strategies = vec![
("Round Robin", LoadBalancingStrategy::RoundRobin),
("Least Connections", LoadBalancingStrategy::LeastConnections),
("Least Queue Time", LoadBalancingStrategy::LeastQueueTime),
("Best Performance", LoadBalancingStrategy::BestPerformance),
];
for (name, strategy) in strategies {
executor.load_balancer.strategy = strategy.clone();
println!(" {name}: {strategy:?}");
}
println!("\n6. Backend Types and Capabilities");
println!("---------------------------------");
for backend in &executor.backends {
println!("Backend: {} ({:?})", backend.id, backend.status);
match &backend.backend_type {
BackendType::Hardware {
vendor,
model,
location,
} => {
println!(" Type: Hardware ({vendor} {model} in {location})");
}
BackendType::Simulator {
simulator_type,
host,
} => {
println!(" Type: Simulator ({simulator_type:?} on {host})");
}
BackendType::CloudService {
provider,
service_name,
region,
} => {
println!(" Type: Cloud ({provider} {service_name} in {region})");
}
BackendType::Hybrid {
quantum_backend: _,
classical_resources,
} => {
println!(
" Type: Hybrid ({} CPU cores, {:.1} GB memory)",
classical_resources.cpu_cores, classical_resources.memory_gb
);
}
}
println!(" Capabilities:");
println!(" Max qubits: {}", backend.performance.max_qubits);
println!(" Max depth: {}", backend.performance.max_depth);
println!(
" Supported gates: {:?}",
backend.capabilities.supported_gates
);
println!(
" Mid-circuit measurements: {}",
backend.capabilities.mid_circuit_measurements
);
println!(
" Queue length: {}/{}",
backend.queue_info.queue_length, backend.queue_info.max_queue_size
);
println!(
" Estimated wait time: {:.1} seconds",
backend.queue_info.estimated_wait_time
);
println!();
}
println!("7. Execution Parameters and Error Mitigation");
println!("--------------------------------------------");
let error_mitigation_techniques = vec![
(
"Readout Error Mitigation",
ErrorMitigation::ReadoutErrorMitigation,
),
(
"Zero Noise Extrapolation",
ErrorMitigation::ZeroNoiseExtrapolation,
),
(
"Clifford Data Regression",
ErrorMitigation::CliffordDataRegression,
),
(
"Symmetry Verification",
ErrorMitigation::SymmetryVerification,
),
];
for (name, technique) in error_mitigation_techniques {
println!(" {name}: {technique:?}");
}
let result_formats = vec![
("Counts", ResultFormat::Counts),
("Probabilities", ResultFormat::Probabilities),
("Statevector", ResultFormat::Statevector),
("Expectation Values", ResultFormat::ExpectationValues),
];
println!("\nResult formats:");
for (name, format) in result_formats {
println!(" {name}: {format:?}");
}
println!("\n8. Fault Tolerance and Redundancy");
println!("---------------------------------");
println!("Current fault tolerance configuration:");
println!(
" Failover enabled: {}",
executor.fault_tolerance.enable_failover
);
println!(
" Redundancy level: {}",
executor.fault_tolerance.redundancy_level
);
println!(
" Error correction: {:?}",
executor.fault_tolerance.error_correction
);
let error_correction_strategies = vec![
("None", ErrorCorrectionStrategy::None),
("Majority Voting", ErrorCorrectionStrategy::MajorityVoting),
(
"Quantum Error Correction",
ErrorCorrectionStrategy::QuantumErrorCorrection,
),
(
"Classical Post-processing",
ErrorCorrectionStrategy::ClassicalPostProcessing,
),
];
println!("\nAvailable error correction strategies:");
for (name, strategy) in error_correction_strategies {
println!(" {name}: {strategy:?}");
}
println!("\n9. Resource Management and Allocation");
println!("------------------------------------");
println!("Resource pool:");
println!(
" Total qubits: {}",
executor.resource_manager.resource_pool.total_qubits
);
println!(
" Available slots: {}",
executor.resource_manager.resource_pool.available_slots
);
println!(
" Memory pool: {:.1} GB",
executor.resource_manager.resource_pool.memory_pool
);
println!(
" Compute pool: {:.1} CPU hours",
executor.resource_manager.resource_pool.compute_pool
);
println!("\nAllocation policies:");
if let Some(max_qubits) = executor
.resource_manager
.allocation_policies
.max_qubits_per_user
{
println!(" Max qubits per user: {max_qubits}");
}
if let Some(max_time) = executor
.resource_manager
.allocation_policies
.max_execution_time
{
println!(" Max execution time: {max_time:.1} seconds");
}
println!(
" Fair share: {}",
executor.resource_manager.allocation_policies.fair_share
);
println!(
" Reserved resources: {:.1}%",
executor
.resource_manager
.allocation_policies
.reserved_resources
* 100.0
);
println!("\n10. Network Configuration and Authentication");
println!("-------------------------------------------");
for backend in &executor.backends {
println!(
"Backend {}: {}",
backend.id, backend.network_config.endpoint
);
println!(
" Auth type: {:?}",
backend.network_config.credentials.auth_type
);
println!(
" Connection timeout: {:.1}s",
backend.network_config.timeouts.connection_timeout
);
println!(
" Request timeout: {:.1}s",
backend.network_config.timeouts.request_timeout
);
println!(
" Max retries: {}",
backend.network_config.retry_policy.max_retries
);
println!(
" Backoff strategy: {:?}",
backend.network_config.retry_policy.backoff_strategy
);
}
println!("\n11. Job Status and Results");
println!("--------------------------");
for job in jobs.iter().take(3) {
let status = executor.get_job_status(&job.id)?;
println!("Job {}: {:?}", job.id, status);
if status == ExecutionStatus::Queued {
let result = executor.get_results(&job.id)?;
println!(" Status: {:?}", result.status);
println!(" Backends used: {:?}", result.metadata.backends_used);
println!(" Total time: {:?}", result.metadata.total_time);
println!(" Queue time: {:?}", result.metadata.queue_time);
println!(" Resource usage:");
println!(
" CPU hours: {:.3}",
result.metadata.resource_usage.cpu_hours
);
println!(
" Memory hours: {:.3}",
result.metadata.resource_usage.memory_hours
);
println!(
" Qubit hours: {:.3}",
result.metadata.resource_usage.qubit_hours
);
println!(
" Network usage: {:.3} GB",
result.metadata.resource_usage.network_usage
);
}
}
println!("\n12. Connectivity Topologies");
println!("---------------------------");
let topologies = vec![
("Linear", distributed::TopologyType::Linear),
(
"2D Grid (3x3)",
distributed::TopologyType::Grid2D { rows: 3, cols: 3 },
),
("All-to-all", distributed::TopologyType::AllToAll),
(
"Random (70% density)",
distributed::TopologyType::Random { density: 0.7 },
),
];
for (name, topology) in topologies {
println!(" {name}: {topology:?}");
}
println!("\n✅ Distributed Circuit Execution Demo completed!");
println!("\nNote: This demo shows the distributed execution framework structure.");
println!("Real distributed execution requires actual quantum backends and networking.");
Ok(())
}
fn create_hardware_backend() -> ExecutionBackend {
ExecutionBackend {
id: "ibm_quantum_jakarta".to_string(),
backend_type: BackendType::Hardware {
vendor: "IBM".to_string(),
model: "ibm_jakarta".to_string(),
location: "Yorktown Heights, NY".to_string(),
},
status: BackendStatus::Available,
performance: BackendPerformance {
max_qubits: 7,
max_depth: 500,
gate_fidelities: {
let mut fidelities = HashMap::new();
fidelities.insert("cx".to_string(), 0.95);
fidelities.insert("u3".to_string(), 0.99);
fidelities
},
coherence_times: {
let mut times = HashMap::new();
times.insert("T1".to_string(), 100.0);
times.insert("T2".to_string(), 50.0);
times
},
execution_time_model: ExecutionTimeModel {
base_time: 0.5,
time_per_gate: 0.01,
time_per_qubit: 0.05,
time_per_measurement: 0.1,
network_latency: 0.2,
},
throughput: 2.0,
},
queue_info: QueueInfo {
queue_length: 5,
estimated_wait_time: 120.0,
max_queue_size: 50,
priority_levels: vec![Priority::Normal, Priority::High, Priority::Critical],
},
capabilities: BackendCapabilities {
supported_gates: vec![
"u1".to_string(),
"u2".to_string(),
"u3".to_string(),
"cx".to_string(),
],
mid_circuit_measurements: false,
classical_control: false,
reset_operations: true,
connectivity: ConnectivityGraph {
num_qubits: 7,
edges: vec![(0, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 6)],
topology: distributed::TopologyType::Custom,
},
noise_model: Some(NoiseCharacteristics {
single_qubit_errors: {
let mut errors = HashMap::new();
errors.insert("u3".to_string(), 0.001);
errors
},
two_qubit_errors: {
let mut errors = HashMap::new();
errors.insert("cx".to_string(), 0.01);
errors
},
measurement_errors: vec![0.02; 7],
decoherence_times: vec![100.0; 7],
}),
},
network_config: NetworkConfig {
endpoint: "https://quantum-computing.ibm.com/api".to_string(),
credentials: Credentials {
auth_type: AuthenticationType::Token,
api_key: None,
token: Some("your_ibm_token".to_string()),
username_password: None,
},
timeouts: TimeoutConfig {
connection_timeout: 10.0,
request_timeout: 300.0,
total_timeout: 600.0,
},
retry_policy: RetryPolicy {
max_retries: 5,
base_delay: 2.0,
backoff_strategy: BackoffStrategy::Exponential { multiplier: 2.0 },
retryable_errors: vec![
distributed::ErrorType::NetworkError,
distributed::ErrorType::ServiceUnavailable,
],
},
},
}
}
fn create_simulator_backend() -> ExecutionBackend {
ExecutionBackend {
id: "qiskit_aer_simulator".to_string(),
backend_type: BackendType::Simulator {
simulator_type: SimulatorType::StateVector,
host: "localhost".to_string(),
},
status: BackendStatus::Available,
performance: BackendPerformance {
max_qubits: 32,
max_depth: 10000,
gate_fidelities: {
let mut fidelities = HashMap::new();
fidelities.insert("cx".to_string(), 1.0);
fidelities.insert("u3".to_string(), 1.0);
fidelities
},
coherence_times: HashMap::new(), execution_time_model: ExecutionTimeModel {
base_time: 0.1,
time_per_gate: 0.0001,
time_per_qubit: 0.001,
time_per_measurement: 0.001,
network_latency: 0.001,
},
throughput: 100.0,
},
queue_info: QueueInfo {
queue_length: 0,
estimated_wait_time: 0.0,
max_queue_size: 1000,
priority_levels: vec![Priority::Low, Priority::Normal, Priority::High],
},
capabilities: BackendCapabilities {
supported_gates: vec![
"u1".to_string(),
"u2".to_string(),
"u3".to_string(),
"cx".to_string(),
"ccx".to_string(),
"cswap".to_string(),
],
mid_circuit_measurements: true,
classical_control: true,
reset_operations: true,
connectivity: ConnectivityGraph {
num_qubits: 32,
edges: (0..32)
.flat_map(|i| (0..32).filter(move |&j| i != j).map(move |j| (i, j)))
.collect(),
topology: distributed::TopologyType::AllToAll,
},
noise_model: None, },
network_config: NetworkConfig {
endpoint: "http://localhost:8080".to_string(),
credentials: Credentials {
auth_type: AuthenticationType::None,
api_key: None,
token: None,
username_password: None,
},
timeouts: TimeoutConfig {
connection_timeout: 5.0,
request_timeout: 60.0,
total_timeout: 120.0,
},
retry_policy: RetryPolicy {
max_retries: 3,
base_delay: 1.0,
backoff_strategy: BackoffStrategy::Fixed,
retryable_errors: vec![distributed::ErrorType::NetworkError],
},
},
}
}
fn create_cloud_backend() -> ExecutionBackend {
ExecutionBackend {
id: "aws_braket_sv1".to_string(),
backend_type: BackendType::CloudService {
provider: "AWS".to_string(),
service_name: "Braket".to_string(),
region: "us-east-1".to_string(),
},
status: BackendStatus::Available,
performance: BackendPerformance {
max_qubits: 34,
max_depth: 5000,
gate_fidelities: HashMap::new(),
coherence_times: HashMap::new(),
execution_time_model: ExecutionTimeModel {
base_time: 1.0,
time_per_gate: 0.001,
time_per_qubit: 0.01,
time_per_measurement: 0.01,
network_latency: 0.5,
},
throughput: 50.0,
},
queue_info: QueueInfo {
queue_length: 2,
estimated_wait_time: 30.0,
max_queue_size: 200,
priority_levels: vec![Priority::Normal, Priority::High],
},
capabilities: BackendCapabilities {
supported_gates: vec![
"h".to_string(),
"x".to_string(),
"cnot".to_string(),
"rx".to_string(),
"ry".to_string(),
"rz".to_string(),
],
mid_circuit_measurements: false,
classical_control: false,
reset_operations: false,
connectivity: ConnectivityGraph {
num_qubits: 34,
edges: (0..34)
.flat_map(|i| (0..34).filter(move |&j| i != j).map(move |j| (i, j)))
.collect(),
topology: distributed::TopologyType::AllToAll,
},
noise_model: None,
},
network_config: NetworkConfig {
endpoint: "https://braket.us-east-1.amazonaws.com".to_string(),
credentials: Credentials {
auth_type: AuthenticationType::ApiKey,
api_key: Some("your_aws_access_key".to_string()),
token: None,
username_password: None,
},
timeouts: TimeoutConfig {
connection_timeout: 10.0,
request_timeout: 300.0,
total_timeout: 900.0,
},
retry_policy: RetryPolicy {
max_retries: 5,
base_delay: 1.0,
backoff_strategy: BackoffStrategy::Exponential { multiplier: 1.5 },
retryable_errors: vec![
distributed::ErrorType::NetworkError,
distributed::ErrorType::RateLimited,
distributed::ErrorType::ServiceUnavailable,
],
},
},
}
}
fn create_hybrid_backend() -> ExecutionBackend {
ExecutionBackend {
id: "hybrid_system_1".to_string(),
backend_type: BackendType::Hybrid {
quantum_backend: Box::new(BackendType::Hardware {
vendor: "IonQ".to_string(),
model: "IonQ Aria".to_string(),
location: "College Park, MD".to_string(),
}),
classical_resources: ClassicalResources {
cpu_cores: 64,
memory_gb: 512.0,
gpus: vec![
GPUInfo {
model: "NVIDIA A100".to_string(),
memory_gb: 40.0,
compute_capability: "8.0".to_string(),
},
GPUInfo {
model: "NVIDIA A100".to_string(),
memory_gb: 40.0,
compute_capability: "8.0".to_string(),
},
],
storage_gb: 10000.0,
},
},
status: BackendStatus::Available,
performance: BackendPerformance {
max_qubits: 25,
max_depth: 1000,
gate_fidelities: {
let mut fidelities = HashMap::new();
fidelities.insert("gpi".to_string(), 0.999);
fidelities.insert("gpi2".to_string(), 0.999);
fidelities.insert("ms".to_string(), 0.95);
fidelities
},
coherence_times: {
let mut times = HashMap::new();
times.insert("T1".to_string(), 10000.0);
times.insert("T2".to_string(), 1000.0);
times
},
execution_time_model: ExecutionTimeModel {
base_time: 2.0,
time_per_gate: 0.1,
time_per_qubit: 0.01,
time_per_measurement: 0.5,
network_latency: 1.0,
},
throughput: 5.0,
},
queue_info: QueueInfo {
queue_length: 1,
estimated_wait_time: 60.0,
max_queue_size: 20,
priority_levels: vec![Priority::Normal, Priority::High, Priority::Critical],
},
capabilities: BackendCapabilities {
supported_gates: vec!["gpi".to_string(), "gpi2".to_string(), "ms".to_string()],
mid_circuit_measurements: true,
classical_control: true,
reset_operations: true,
connectivity: ConnectivityGraph {
num_qubits: 25,
edges: (0..25)
.flat_map(|i| ((i + 1)..25).map(move |j| (i, j)))
.collect(),
topology: distributed::TopologyType::AllToAll,
},
noise_model: Some(NoiseCharacteristics {
single_qubit_errors: {
let mut errors = HashMap::new();
errors.insert("gpi".to_string(), 0.0001);
errors.insert("gpi2".to_string(), 0.0001);
errors
},
two_qubit_errors: {
let mut errors = HashMap::new();
errors.insert("ms".to_string(), 0.005);
errors
},
measurement_errors: vec![0.001; 25],
decoherence_times: vec![10000.0; 25],
}),
},
network_config: NetworkConfig {
endpoint: "https://api.ionq.co/v0.3".to_string(),
credentials: Credentials {
auth_type: AuthenticationType::Token,
api_key: None,
token: Some("your_ionq_token".to_string()),
username_password: None,
},
timeouts: TimeoutConfig {
connection_timeout: 15.0,
request_timeout: 600.0,
total_timeout: 1800.0,
},
retry_policy: RetryPolicy {
max_retries: 3,
base_delay: 5.0,
backoff_strategy: BackoffStrategy::Exponential { multiplier: 2.0 },
retryable_errors: vec![
distributed::ErrorType::NetworkError,
distributed::ErrorType::ServiceUnavailable,
],
},
},
}
}
fn create_test_jobs() -> Vec<DistributedJob<4>> {
let mut jobs = Vec::new();
let mut bell_circuit = Circuit::<4>::new();
bell_circuit.h(Qubit(0)).unwrap();
bell_circuit.cnot(Qubit(0), Qubit(1)).unwrap();
jobs.push(DistributedJob {
id: "bell_state_job".to_string(),
circuit: bell_circuit,
parameters: ExecutionParameters {
shots: 1000,
optimization_level: 1,
error_mitigation: vec![ErrorMitigation::ReadoutErrorMitigation],
result_format: ResultFormat::Counts,
memory_requirement: None,
},
priority: Priority::Normal,
target_backends: None,
submitted_at: Instant::now(),
deadline: None,
});
let mut ghz_circuit = Circuit::<4>::new();
ghz_circuit.h(Qubit(0)).unwrap();
ghz_circuit.cnot(Qubit(0), Qubit(1)).unwrap();
ghz_circuit.cnot(Qubit(1), Qubit(2)).unwrap();
ghz_circuit.cnot(Qubit(2), Qubit(3)).unwrap();
jobs.push(DistributedJob {
id: "ghz_state_job".to_string(),
circuit: ghz_circuit,
parameters: ExecutionParameters {
shots: 5000,
optimization_level: 2,
error_mitigation: vec![
ErrorMitigation::ReadoutErrorMitigation,
ErrorMitigation::ZeroNoiseExtrapolation,
],
result_format: ResultFormat::Probabilities,
memory_requirement: Some(1.0), },
priority: Priority::High,
target_backends: Some(vec![
"qiskit_aer_simulator".to_string(),
"aws_braket_sv1".to_string(),
]),
submitted_at: Instant::now(),
deadline: Some(Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(300)),
});
let mut var_circuit = Circuit::<4>::new();
for i in 0..4 {
var_circuit.ry(Qubit(i), 0.5).unwrap();
}
for i in 0..3 {
var_circuit.cnot(Qubit(i), Qubit(i + 1)).unwrap();
}
jobs.push(DistributedJob {
id: "variational_job".to_string(),
circuit: var_circuit,
parameters: ExecutionParameters {
shots: 10000,
optimization_level: 3,
error_mitigation: vec![
ErrorMitigation::CliffordDataRegression,
ErrorMitigation::SymmetryVerification,
],
result_format: ResultFormat::ExpectationValues,
memory_requirement: Some(2.0), },
priority: Priority::Critical,
target_backends: None,
submitted_at: Instant::now(),
deadline: None,
});
jobs
}