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use bytes::Bytes;
use crate::Error;
/// Abstracts message I/O over a reliable transport.
///
/// Each `send`/`recv` operates on a single complete message (frame).
/// For WebSocket, this maps to individual WS binary messages.
/// For TCP/TLS byte streams, the transport handles frame delimiting.
pub trait Transport: Send + 'static {
/// Send a message.
fn send(&mut self, data: Bytes) -> impl std::future::Future<Output = Result<(), Error>> + Send;
/// Receive the next complete message.
fn recv(&mut self) -> impl std::future::Future<Output = Result<Bytes, Error>> + Send;
/// Gracefully close the transport.
fn close(&mut self) -> impl std::future::Future<Output = Result<(), Error>> + Send;
}
// StreamTransport: message I/O over a byte stream (TCP/TLS).
// Handles QMux frame delimiting to return complete frames as Bytes.
#[cfg(feature = "tcp")]
mod stream_transport {
use bytes::{BufMut, Bytes, BytesMut};
use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWrite, AsyncWriteExt, BufReader, BufWriter};
use web_transport_proto::VarInt;
use super::Transport;
use crate::{Error, MAX_FRAME_PAYLOAD, MAX_FRAME_SIZE};
pub(crate) struct StreamTransport<T> {
reader: BufReader<tokio::io::ReadHalf<T>>,
writer: BufWriter<tokio::io::WriteHalf<T>>,
}
impl<T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + 'static> StreamTransport<T> {
pub fn new(stream: T) -> Self {
let (read, write) = tokio::io::split(stream);
Self {
reader: BufReader::new(read),
writer: BufWriter::new(write),
}
}
/// Read a varint, appending raw bytes to buf. Returns the decoded value.
async fn read_varint(&mut self, buf: &mut BytesMut) -> Result<VarInt, Error> {
let first = self.reader.read_u8().await?;
buf.put_u8(first);
let tag = first >> 6;
let len = 1usize << tag;
if len == 1 {
return Ok(VarInt::try_from((first & 0x3f) as u64).unwrap());
}
let start = buf.len();
buf.resize(start + len - 1, 0);
self.reader.read_exact(&mut buf[start..]).await?;
let mut raw = [0u8; 8];
raw[0] = first & 0x3f;
raw[1..len].copy_from_slice(&buf[start..start + len - 1]);
let value = match len {
2 => u16::from_be_bytes([raw[0], raw[1]]) as u64,
4 => u32::from_be_bytes([raw[0], raw[1], raw[2], raw[3]]) as u64,
8 => u64::from_be_bytes(raw),
_ => unreachable!(),
};
VarInt::try_from(value).map_err(|_| Error::Short)
}
/// Read exactly `len` bytes, appending to buf.
async fn read_bytes(&mut self, len: usize, buf: &mut BytesMut) -> Result<(), Error> {
let start = buf.len();
buf.resize(start + len, 0);
self.reader.read_exact(&mut buf[start..]).await?;
Ok(())
}
/// Read one complete QMux frame from the byte stream, returning raw bytes.
async fn recv_qmux_frame(&mut self) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
let mut buf = BytesMut::new();
let frame_type = self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?.into_inner();
// STREAM frames: 0x08-0x0f
if (0x08..=0x0f).contains(&frame_type) {
let has_off = frame_type & 0x04 != 0;
let has_len = frame_type & 0x02 != 0;
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // stream id
if has_off {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // offset
}
if has_len {
let len = self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?.into_inner() as usize;
if len > MAX_FRAME_PAYLOAD {
return Err(Error::FrameTooLarge);
}
self.read_bytes(len, &mut buf).await?;
} else {
return Err(Error::Short);
}
return Ok(buf.freeze());
}
match frame_type {
// RESET_STREAM
0x04 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // id
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // code
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // final_size
}
// STOP_SENDING
0x05 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // id
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // code
}
// CONNECTION_CLOSE / APPLICATION_CLOSE
0x1c | 0x1d => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // code
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // frame_type
let reason_len = self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?.into_inner() as usize;
if reason_len > MAX_FRAME_SIZE {
return Err(Error::FrameTooLarge);
}
self.read_bytes(reason_len, &mut buf).await?;
}
// MAX_DATA
0x10 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?;
}
// MAX_STREAM_DATA
0x11 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // id
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // max
}
// MAX_STREAMS (bidi/uni)
0x12 | 0x13 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?;
}
// DATA_BLOCKED
0x14 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?;
}
// STREAM_DATA_BLOCKED
0x15 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // id
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?; // limit
}
// STREAMS_BLOCKED (bidi/uni)
0x16 | 0x17 => {
self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?;
}
// DATAGRAM without length — can't delimit on a byte stream
0x30 => return Err(Error::InvalidFrameType(frame_type)),
// DATAGRAM with length
0x31 => {
let len = self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?.into_inner() as usize;
if len > MAX_FRAME_SIZE {
return Err(Error::FrameTooLarge);
}
self.read_bytes(len, &mut buf).await?;
}
// QX_TRANSPORT_PARAMETERS
0x3f5153300d0a0d0a => {
let len = self.read_varint(&mut buf).await?.into_inner() as usize;
if len > MAX_FRAME_SIZE {
return Err(Error::FrameTooLarge);
}
self.read_bytes(len, &mut buf).await?;
}
_ => return Err(Error::InvalidFrameType(frame_type)),
}
Ok(buf.freeze())
}
}
impl<T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + 'static> Transport for StreamTransport<T> {
async fn send(&mut self, data: Bytes) -> Result<(), Error> {
self.writer.write_all(&data).await?;
self.writer.flush().await?;
Ok(())
}
async fn recv(&mut self) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
self.recv_qmux_frame().await
}
async fn close(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
self.writer.shutdown().await?;
Ok(())
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "tcp")]
pub(crate) use stream_transport::StreamTransport;
// WsTransport: message I/O over WebSocket.
#[cfg(feature = "ws")]
mod ws_transport {
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::time::Duration;
use bytes::Bytes;
use tokio::time::{Instant, Interval, MissedTickBehavior, Sleep};
use tokio_tungstenite::tungstenite;
use super::Transport;
use crate::ws::KeepAlive;
use crate::Error;
pub(crate) struct WsTransport<T> {
ws: T,
keep_alive: Option<KeepAliveState>,
}
struct KeepAliveState {
// Fires on each interval; we send a Ping when it does.
interval: Interval,
// Resets every time we receive a frame. If it elapses, the peer is gone.
deadline: Pin<Box<Sleep>>,
timeout: Duration,
}
impl KeepAliveState {
fn new(config: KeepAlive) -> Self {
// tokio::time::interval panics on a zero Duration, and a deadline shorter than the
// interval would fire before the first ping. Floor both to 1ms so a misconfigured
// KeepAlive degrades into "very chatty" instead of crashing.
let interval_dur = config.interval.max(Duration::from_millis(1));
let timeout = config.timeout.max(interval_dur);
// Skip catch-up bursts after a long pause; we just want one Ping per tick.
let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(interval_dur);
interval.set_missed_tick_behavior(MissedTickBehavior::Delay);
// First tick fires immediately by default; consume it so we don't ping on connect.
interval.reset();
Self {
interval,
deadline: Box::pin(tokio::time::sleep(timeout)),
timeout,
}
}
fn observe_recv(&mut self) {
self.deadline.as_mut().reset(Instant::now() + self.timeout);
}
}
impl<T> WsTransport<T>
where
T: futures::Stream<Item = Result<tungstenite::Message, tungstenite::Error>>
+ futures::Sink<tungstenite::Message, Error = tungstenite::Error>
+ Unpin
+ Send
+ 'static,
{
pub fn new(ws: T) -> Self {
Self {
ws,
keep_alive: None,
}
}
pub fn with_keep_alive(mut self, keep_alive: KeepAlive) -> Self {
self.keep_alive = Some(KeepAliveState::new(keep_alive));
self
}
}
impl<T> Transport for WsTransport<T>
where
T: futures::Stream<Item = Result<tungstenite::Message, tungstenite::Error>>
+ futures::Sink<tungstenite::Message, Error = tungstenite::Error>
+ Unpin
+ Send
+ 'static,
{
async fn send(&mut self, data: Bytes) -> Result<(), Error> {
use futures::SinkExt;
self.ws
.send(tungstenite::Message::Binary(data))
.await
.map_err(|_| Error::Closed)?;
Ok(())
}
async fn recv(&mut self) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
use futures::{SinkExt, StreamExt};
// Destructure so we can take separate &mut borrows of `ws` and `keep_alive`.
let Self { ws, keep_alive } = self;
loop {
enum Event<M> {
Message(M),
SendPing,
Timeout,
}
let event = match keep_alive {
Some(ka) => tokio::select! {
msg = ws.next() => Event::Message(msg),
_ = ka.interval.tick() => Event::SendPing,
_ = ka.deadline.as_mut() => Event::Timeout,
},
None => Event::Message(ws.next().await),
};
let message = match event {
Event::Message(msg) => msg.ok_or(Error::Closed)??,
Event::SendPing => {
ws.send(tungstenite::Message::Ping(Bytes::new()))
.await
.map_err(|_| Error::Closed)?;
continue;
}
Event::Timeout => {
tracing::debug!("websocket keep_alive timeout");
return Err(Error::Closed);
}
};
if let Some(ka) = keep_alive.as_mut() {
ka.observe_recv();
}
match message {
tungstenite::Message::Binary(data) => {
return Ok(data);
}
tungstenite::Message::Close(_) => {
return Err(Error::Closed);
}
tungstenite::Message::Ping(_)
| tungstenite::Message::Pong(_)
| tungstenite::Message::Text(_)
| tungstenite::Message::Frame(_) => {
// tungstenite auto-queues a Pong reply when it reads a Ping;
// it gets flushed on our next send/read. No manual reply needed.
continue;
}
}
}
}
async fn close(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
use futures::SinkExt;
self.ws.close().await.map_err(|_| Error::Closed)?;
Ok(())
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "ws")]
pub(crate) use ws_transport::WsTransport;