qfall-math 0.1.1

// Copyright © 2023 Phil Milewski, Marcel Luca Schmidt
//
// This file is part of qFALL-math.
//
// qFALL-math is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
// the terms of the Mozilla Public License Version 2.0 as published by the
// Mozilla Foundation. See <https://mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/>.

//! Implementation of the [`Mul`] trait for [`PolyOverZq`] values.

use super::super::PolyOverZq;
use crate::{
    error::MathError,
    integer::PolyOverZ,
    macros::arithmetics::{
        arithmetic_assign_trait_borrowed_to_owned, arithmetic_trait_borrowed_to_owned,
        arithmetic_trait_mixed_borrowed_owned, arithmetic_trait_reverse,
    },
    traits::CompareBase,
};
use core::panic;
use flint_sys::fmpz_mod_poly::fmpz_mod_poly_mul;
use std::{
    ops::{Mul, MulAssign},
    str::FromStr,
};

impl MulAssign<&PolyOverZq> for PolyOverZq {
    /// Computes the multiplication of `self` and `other` reusing
    /// the memory of `self`.
    /// [`MulAssign`] can be used on [`PolyOverZq`] in combination with
    /// [`PolyOverZq`] and [`PolyOverZ`].
    ///
    /// Parameters:
    /// - `other`: specifies the polynomial to multiply to `self`
    ///
    /// Returns the product of both polynomials modulo `q` as a [`PolyOverZq`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    /// ```
    /// use qfall_math::{integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq, integer::PolyOverZ};
    /// use std::str::FromStr;
    ///
    /// let mut a = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  1 2 3 mod 7").unwrap();
    /// let b = PolyOverZq::from_str("5  1 2 -3 0 4 mod 7").unwrap();
    /// let c = PolyOverZ::from_str("4  -1 2 5 3").unwrap();
    ///
    /// a *= &b;
    /// a *= b;
    /// a *= &c;
    /// a *= c;
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics ...
    /// - if the moduli of both [`PolyOverZq`] mismatch.
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: &Self) {
        if !self.compare_base(other) {
            panic!("{}", self.call_compare_base_error(other).unwrap());
        }

        unsafe {
            fmpz_mod_poly_mul(
                &mut self.poly,
                &self.poly,
                &other.poly,
                self.modulus.get_fmpz_mod_ctx_struct(),
            )
        };
    }
}
impl MulAssign<&PolyOverZ> for PolyOverZq {
    /// Documentation at [`PolyOverZq::mul_assign`].
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: &PolyOverZ) {
        let other = PolyOverZq::from((other, self.get_mod()));

        self.mul_assign(&other);
    }
}

arithmetic_assign_trait_borrowed_to_owned!(MulAssign, mul_assign, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);
arithmetic_assign_trait_borrowed_to_owned!(MulAssign, mul_assign, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZ);

impl Mul for &PolyOverZq {
    type Output = PolyOverZq;
    /// Implements the [`Mul`] trait for two [`PolyOverZq`] values.
    /// [`Mul`] is implemented for any combination of [`PolyOverZq`] and borrowed [`PolyOverZq`].
    ///
    /// Parameters:
    /// - `other`: specifies the polynomial to multiply with `self`
    ///
    /// Returns the product of both polynomials as a [`PolyOverZq`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    /// ```
    /// use qfall_math::integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq;
    /// use std::str::FromStr;
    ///
    /// let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
    /// let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  5 1 1 mod 7").unwrap();
    ///
    /// let c: PolyOverZq = &a * &b;
    /// let d: PolyOverZq = a * b;
    /// let e: PolyOverZq = &c * d;
    /// let f: PolyOverZq = c * &e;
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics ...
    /// - if the moduli of both [`PolyOverZq`] mismatch.
    fn mul(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {
        self.mul_safe(other).unwrap()
    }
}

arithmetic_trait_borrowed_to_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);
arithmetic_trait_mixed_borrowed_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);

impl Mul<&PolyOverZ> for &PolyOverZq {
    type Output = PolyOverZq;
    /// Implements the [`Mul`] trait for [`PolyOverZq`] and [`PolyOverZ`].
    /// [`Mul`] is implemented for any combination of owned and borrowed values.
    ///
    /// Parameters:
    /// - `other`: specifies the polynomial to multiply to `self`
    ///
    /// Returns the product of both polynomials as a [`PolyOverZq`].
    ///
    /// # Examples
    /// ```
    /// use qfall_math::integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq;
    /// use qfall_math::integer::PolyOverZ;
    /// use std::str::FromStr;
    ///
    /// let a = PolyOverZq::from_str("4  -1 0 1 1 mod 17").unwrap();
    /// let b = PolyOverZ::from_str("4  2 0 3 1").unwrap();
    ///
    /// let c: PolyOverZq = &a * &b;
    /// ```
    fn mul(self, other: &PolyOverZ) -> Self::Output {
        let mut out = PolyOverZq::from(&self.modulus);
        unsafe {
            fmpz_mod_poly_mul(
                &mut out.poly,
                &self.poly,
                &PolyOverZq::from((other, &self.modulus)).poly,
                self.modulus.get_fmpz_mod_ctx_struct(),
            );
        }
        out
    }
}

arithmetic_trait_reverse!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZ, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);

arithmetic_trait_borrowed_to_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZ, PolyOverZq);
arithmetic_trait_borrowed_to_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZ, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);
arithmetic_trait_mixed_borrowed_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZ, PolyOverZq);
arithmetic_trait_mixed_borrowed_owned!(Mul, mul, PolyOverZ, PolyOverZq, PolyOverZq);

impl PolyOverZq {
    /// Implements multiplication for two [`PolyOverZq`] values.
    ///
    /// Parameters:
    /// - `other`: specifies the polynomial to multiply to `self`
    ///
    /// Returns the product of both polynomials as a [`PolyOverZq`] or an error if the moduli
    /// mismatch.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    /// ```
    /// use qfall_math::integer_mod_q::PolyOverZq;
    /// use std::str::FromStr;
    ///
    /// let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
    /// let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  5 1 1 mod 7").unwrap();
    ///
    /// let c: PolyOverZq = a.mul_safe(&b).unwrap();
    /// ```
    /// # Errors and Failures
    /// - Returns a [`MathError`] of type [`MathError::MismatchingModulus`] if the moduli of
    ///   both [`PolyOverZq`] mismatch.
    pub fn mul_safe(&self, other: &Self) -> Result<PolyOverZq, MathError> {
        if !self.compare_base(other) {
            return Err(self.call_compare_base_error(other).unwrap());
        }
        let mut out = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!("0 mod {}", self.modulus)).unwrap();
        unsafe {
            fmpz_mod_poly_mul(
                &mut out.poly,
                &self.poly,
                &other.poly,
                self.modulus.get_fmpz_mod_ctx_struct(),
            );
        }
        Ok(out)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test_mul_assign {
    use super::PolyOverZq;
    use crate::integer::PolyOverZ;
    use std::str::FromStr;

    /// Ensure that `mul_assign` works for small numbers.
    #[test]
    fn correct_small() {
        let mut a = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  2 4 mod 7").unwrap();

        a *= b;

        assert_eq!(a, PolyOverZq::from_str("4  4 2 4 4 mod 7").unwrap());
    }

    /// Ensure that `mul_assign` works for large numbers.
    #[test]
    fn correct_large() {
        let mut a = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
            "2  {} {} mod {}",
            u64::MAX,
            i64::MAX,
            u64::MAX - 58
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let b = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
            "2  {} {} mod {}",
            i64::MAX,
            i64::MIN,
            u64::MAX - 58
        ))
        .unwrap();

        a *= b;

        assert_eq!(
            a,
            PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
                "3  {} {} {} mod {}",
                i128::from(i64::MAX) * 58,
                i128::from(i64::MIN) * 58 + i128::from(i64::MAX) * i128::from(i64::MAX),
                i128::from(i64::MAX) * i128::from(i64::MIN),
                u64::MAX - 58
            ))
            .unwrap()
        );
    }

    /// Ensure that `mul_assign` is available for all types.
    #[test]
    fn availability() {
        let mut a = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  1 2 -3 mod 5").unwrap();
        let b = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  -1 -2 3 mod 5").unwrap();
        let c = PolyOverZ::from_str("2  -2 2").unwrap();

        a *= &b;
        a *= b;
        a *= &c;
        a *= c;
    }

    /// Ensures that mismatching moduli result in a panic.
    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn mismatching_moduli() {
        let mut a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  -5 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  -5 4 1 mod 8").unwrap();

        a *= b;
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test_mul {
    use super::PolyOverZq;
    use std::str::FromStr;

    /// Testing multiplication for two [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  2 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = a * b;
        assert_eq!(c, PolyOverZq::from_str("4  4 2 4 4 mod 7").unwrap());
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for two borrowed [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul_borrow() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  2 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = &a * &b;
        assert_eq!(c, PolyOverZq::from_str("4  4 2 4 4 mod 7").unwrap());
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for borrowed [`PolyOverZq`] and [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul_first_borrowed() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  2 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = &a * b;
        assert_eq!(c, PolyOverZq::from_str("4  4 2 4 4 mod 7").unwrap());
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for [`PolyOverZq`] and borrowed [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul_second_borrowed() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  2 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = a * &b;
        assert_eq!(c, PolyOverZq::from_str("4  4 2 4 4 mod 7").unwrap());
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for [`PolyOverZq`] and a constant [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul_constant() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 7").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("1  2 mod 7").unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = &a * b;
        assert_eq!(c, PolyOverZq::from_str("3  4 1 2 mod 7").unwrap());
        assert_eq!(
            a * PolyOverZq::from_str("0 mod 7").unwrap(),
            PolyOverZq::from_str("0 mod 7").unwrap()
        );
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for large [`PolyOverZq`]
    #[test]
    fn mul_large_numbers() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
            "2  {} {} mod {}",
            u64::MAX,
            i64::MAX,
            u64::MAX - 58
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
            "2  {} {} mod {}",
            i64::MAX,
            i64::MIN,
            u64::MAX - 58
        ))
        .unwrap();
        let c: PolyOverZq = a * &b;
        assert_eq!(
            c,
            PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
                "3  {} {} {} mod {}",
                i128::from(i64::MAX) * 58,
                i128::from(i64::MIN) * 58 + i128::from(i64::MAX) * i128::from(i64::MAX),
                i128::from(i64::MAX) * i128::from(i64::MIN),
                u64::MAX - 58
            ))
            .unwrap()
        );
    }

    /// Testing multiplication for [`PolyOverZq`] with different moduli does not work
    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn mul_mismatching_modulus() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 8").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  -5 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        let _c: PolyOverZq = a * b;
    }

    /// Testing whether mul_safe throws an error for mismatching moduli
    #[test]
    fn mul_safe_is_err() {
        let a: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  2 4 1 mod 9").unwrap();
        let b: PolyOverZq = PolyOverZq::from_str("2  -5 4 mod 7").unwrap();
        assert!(&a.mul_safe(&b).is_err());
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test_mul_poly_over_z {
    use super::PolyOverZq;
    use crate::integer::PolyOverZ;
    use std::str::FromStr;

    /// Checks if polynomial multiplication works fine for both borrowed
    #[test]
    fn borrowed_correctness() {
        let poly_1 = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!("1  {} mod {}", i64::MAX, u64::MAX)).unwrap();
        let poly_2 = PolyOverZ::from_str("2  1 2").unwrap();
        let poly_cmp = PolyOverZq::from_str(&format!(
            "2  {} {} mod {}",
            i64::MAX,
            i64::MAX as u64 * 2,
            u64::MAX
        ))
        .unwrap();

        let poly_1 = &poly_1 * &poly_2;

        assert_eq!(poly_cmp, poly_1);
    }

    /// Checks if multiplication works fine for different types
    #[test]
    fn availability() {
        let poly = PolyOverZq::from_str("3  1 2 3 mod 17").unwrap();
        let z = PolyOverZ::from(2);

        _ = poly.clone() * z.clone();
        _ = z.clone() * poly.clone();
        _ = &poly * &z;
        _ = &z * &poly;
        _ = &poly * z.clone();
        _ = z.clone() * &poly;
        _ = &z * poly.clone();
        _ = poly.clone() * &z;
    }
}