q_compress 0.2.3

use std::cmp::Ordering;
use std::collections::BinaryHeap;

use crate::prefix::PrefixIntermediate;

#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
pub struct HuffmanItem {
  id: usize,
  weight: u64,
  left_id: Option<usize>,
  right_id: Option<usize>,
  leaf_id: Option<usize>,
  bits: Vec<bool>,
}

impl HuffmanItem {
  pub fn new(weight: u64, id: usize) -> HuffmanItem {
    HuffmanItem {
      id,
      weight,
      left_id: None,
      right_id: None,
      leaf_id: Some(id),
      bits: Vec::new(),
    }
  }

  pub fn new_parent_of(tree0: &HuffmanItem, tree1: &HuffmanItem, id: usize) -> HuffmanItem {
    HuffmanItem {
      id,
      weight: tree0.weight + tree1.weight,
      left_id: Some(tree0.id),
      right_id: Some(tree1.id),
      leaf_id: None,
      bits: Vec::new(),
    }
  }

  pub fn create_bits<T>(&self, item_index: &mut Vec<HuffmanItem>, leaf_index: &mut [PrefixIntermediate<T>]) {
    self.create_bits_from(Vec::new(), item_index, leaf_index);
  }

  fn create_bits_from<T>(
    &self,
    bits: Vec<bool>,
    item_index: &mut [HuffmanItem],
    leaf_index: &mut [PrefixIntermediate<T>],
  ) {
    item_index[self.id].bits = bits.clone();
    if self.leaf_id.is_some() {
      leaf_index[self.leaf_id.unwrap()].val = bits;
    } else {
      let mut left_bits = bits.clone();
      left_bits.push(false);
      let mut right_bits = bits;
      right_bits.push(true);
      item_index[self.left_id.unwrap()].clone().create_bits_from(left_bits, item_index, leaf_index);
      item_index[self.right_id.unwrap()].clone().create_bits_from(right_bits, item_index, leaf_index);
    }
  }
}

impl Ord for HuffmanItem {
  fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
    other.weight.cmp(&self.weight) // flipped order to make it a min heap
  }
}

impl PartialOrd for HuffmanItem {
  fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
    Some(self.cmp(other))
  }
}

pub fn make_huffman_code<T>(prefix_sequence: &mut [PrefixIntermediate<T>]) {
  let n = prefix_sequence.len();
  let mut heap = BinaryHeap::with_capacity(n); // for figuring out huffman tree
  let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(n); // for modifying item codes
  for (i, prefix) in prefix_sequence.iter().enumerate() {
    let item = HuffmanItem::new(prefix.weight, i);
    heap.push(item.clone());
    items.push(item);
  }

  let mut id = prefix_sequence.len();
  for _ in 0..(prefix_sequence.len() - 1) {
    let small0 = heap.pop().unwrap();
    let small1 = heap.pop().unwrap();
    let new_item = HuffmanItem::new_parent_of(&small0, &small1, id);
    id += 1;
    heap.push(new_item.clone());
    items.push(new_item);
  }

  let head_node = heap.pop().unwrap();
  head_node.create_bits(&mut items, prefix_sequence);
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
  use crate::prefix::PrefixIntermediate;
  use crate::huffman::make_huffman_code;

  #[test]
  fn test_make_huffman_code_single() {
    let mut prefix_seq = vec![
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(100, 0, 0, None),
    ];
    make_huffman_code(&mut prefix_seq);
    assert_eq!(
      prefix_seq,
      vec![
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 100,
          lower: 0,
          upper: 0,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![]
        },
      ]
    );
  }

  #[test]
  fn test_make_huffman_code() {
    let mut prefix_seq = vec![
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(1, 0, 0, None),
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(6, 1, 1, None),
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(2, 2, 2, None),
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(4, 3, 3, None),
      PrefixIntermediate::<i32>::new(5, 4, 4, None),
    ];
    make_huffman_code(&mut prefix_seq);
    assert_eq!(
      prefix_seq,
      vec![
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 1,
          lower: 0,
          upper: 0,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![false, false, false],
        },
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 6,
          lower: 1,
          upper: 1,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![true, true],
        },
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 2,
          lower: 2,
          upper: 2,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![false, false, true],
        },
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 4,
          lower: 3,
          upper: 3,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![false, true],
        },
        PrefixIntermediate::<i32> {
          weight: 5,
          lower: 4,
          upper: 4,
          run_len_jumpstart: None,
          val: vec![true, false],
        },
      ]
    );
  }
}