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// Copyright (c) 2017-present PyO3 Project and Contributors
//
// based on Daniel Grunwald's https://github.com/dgrunwald/rust-cpython
use std;
use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::os::raw::c_char;
use std::str;
use super::{PyObjectRef, PyStringData};
use err::PyResult;
use ffi;
use instance::{Py, PyObjectWithToken};
use object::PyObject;
use objectprotocol::ObjectProtocol;
use python::{Python, ToPyPointer};
/// Represents a Python `string`.
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct PyString(PyObject);
pyobject_native_type!(PyString, ffi::PyBaseString_Type, ffi::PyBaseString_Check);
/// Represents a Python `unicode string`.
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct PyUnicode(PyObject);
pyobject_native_type!(PyUnicode, ffi::PyUnicode_Type, ffi::PyUnicode_Check);
/// Represents a Python `byte` string. Corresponds to `str` in Python 2
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct PyBytes(PyObject);
pyobject_native_type!(PyBytes, ffi::PyBaseString_Type, ffi::PyString_Check);
impl PyString {
/// Creates a new Python string object.
///
/// This function will create a byte string if the
/// input string is ASCII-only; and a unicode string otherwise.
/// Use `PyUnicode::new()` to always create a unicode string.
///
/// Panics if out of memory.
pub fn new(py: Python, s: &str) -> Py<PyString> {
if s.is_ascii() {
PyBytes::new(py, s.as_bytes()).into()
} else {
PyUnicode::new(py, s).into()
}
}
pub fn from_object(src: &PyObjectRef, encoding: &str, errors: &str) -> PyResult<Py<PyString>> {
unsafe {
Ok(Py::from_owned_ptr_or_err(
src.py(),
ffi::PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(
src.as_ptr(),
encoding.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
errors.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
),
)?)
}
}
/// Gets the python string data in its underlying representation.
///
/// For Python 2 byte strings, this function always returns `PyStringData::Utf8`,
/// even if the bytes are not valid UTF-8.
/// For unicode strings, returns the underlying representation used by Python.
pub fn data(&self) -> PyStringData {
if let Ok(bytes) = self.cast_as::<PyBytes>() {
PyStringData::Utf8(bytes.data())
} else if let Ok(unicode) = self.cast_as::<PyUnicode>() {
unicode.data()
} else {
panic!("PyString is neither `str` nor `unicode`")
}
}
/// Convert the `PyString` into a Rust string.
///
/// On Python 2.7, if the `PyString` refers to a byte string,
/// it will be decoded using UTF-8.
///
/// Returns a `UnicodeDecodeError` if the input is not valid unicode
/// (containing unpaired surrogates, or a Python 2.7 byte string that is
/// not valid UTF-8).
pub fn to_string(&self) -> PyResult<Cow<str>> {
self.data().to_string(self.py())
}
/// Convert the `PyString` into a Rust string.
///
/// On Python 2.7, if the `PyString` refers to a byte string,
/// it will be decoded using UTF-8.
///
/// Unpaired surrogates and (on Python 2.7) invalid UTF-8 sequences are
/// replaced with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.
pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<str> {
self.data().to_string_lossy()
}
}
impl PyBytes {
/// Creates a new Python byte string object.
/// The byte string is initialized by copying the data from the `&[u8]`.
///
/// Panics if out of memory.
pub fn new(_py: Python, s: &[u8]) -> Py<PyBytes> {
let ptr = s.as_ptr() as *const c_char;
let len = s.len() as ffi::Py_ssize_t;
unsafe { Py::from_owned_ptr_or_panic(ffi::PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(ptr, len)) }
}
/// Gets the Python string data as byte slice.
pub fn data(&self) -> &[u8] {
unsafe {
let buffer = ffi::PyBytes_AsString(self.as_ptr()) as *const u8;
let length = ffi::PyBytes_Size(self.as_ptr()) as usize;
std::slice::from_raw_parts(buffer, length)
}
}
}
impl PyUnicode {
/// Creates a new Python unicode string object.
///
/// Panics if out of memory.
pub fn new(_py: Python, s: &str) -> Py<PyUnicode> {
let ptr = s.as_ptr() as *const c_char;
let len = s.len() as ffi::Py_ssize_t;
unsafe { Py::from_owned_ptr_or_panic(ffi::PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(ptr, len)) }
}
pub fn from_object(src: &PyObjectRef, encoding: &str, errors: &str) -> PyResult<Py<PyUnicode>> {
unsafe {
Ok(Py::from_owned_ptr_or_err(
src.py(),
ffi::PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(
src.as_ptr(),
encoding.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
errors.as_ptr() as *const c_char,
),
)?)
}
}
/// Gets the python string data in its underlying representation.
pub fn data(&self) -> PyStringData {
unsafe {
let buffer = ffi::PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(self.as_ptr());
let length = ffi::PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(self.as_ptr()) as usize;
std::slice::from_raw_parts(buffer, length).into()
}
}
/// Convert the `PyString` into a Rust string.
///
/// Returns a `UnicodeDecodeError` if the input is not valid unicode
/// (containing unpaired surrogates).
pub fn to_string(&self) -> PyResult<Cow<str>> {
self.data().to_string(self.py())
}
/// Convert the `PyString` into a Rust string.
///
/// Unpaired surrogates are replaced with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.
pub fn to_string_lossy(&self) -> Cow<str> {
self.data().to_string_lossy()
}
}
/// Converts from `PyBytes` to `PyString`.
impl std::convert::From<Py<PyBytes>> for Py<PyString> {
#[inline]
fn from(ob: Py<PyBytes>) -> Py<PyString> {
unsafe { std::mem::transmute(ob) }
}
}
/// Converts from `PyUnicode` to `PyString`.
impl std::convert::From<Py<PyUnicode>> for Py<PyString> {
#[inline]
fn from(ob: Py<PyUnicode>) -> Py<PyString> {
unsafe { std::mem::transmute(ob) }
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use conversion::{FromPyObject, ToPyObject};
use instance::AsPyRef;
use python::Python;
#[test]
fn test_non_bmp() {
let gil = Python::acquire_gil();
let py = gil.python();
let s = "\u{1F30F}";
let py_string = s.to_object(py);
assert_eq!(s, py_string.extract::<String>(py).unwrap());
}
#[test]
fn test_extract_str() {
let gil = Python::acquire_gil();
let py = gil.python();
let s = "Hello Python";
let py_string = s.to_object(py);
let s2: &str = FromPyObject::extract(py_string.as_ref(py)).unwrap();
assert_eq!(s, s2);
}
}