pub const PERDIX_KERNEL_SOURCE: &str = r#"
// Use CUDA built-in types instead of stdint.h for NVRTC compatibility
typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
typedef long long int64_t;
typedef int int32_t;
typedef signed char int8_t;
// Define constants that are normally in stdint.h
#define UINT64_MAX 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL
#define UINT32_MAX 0xFFFFFFFFU
// Agent types for AI response categorization
enum AgentType {
SYSTEM = 0, // Blue
USER = 1, // Green
ASSISTANT = 2, // Cyan
ERROR_TYPE = 3, // Red
WARNING = 4, // Yellow
INFO = 5, // White
DEBUG_TYPE = 6, // Magenta
TRACE = 7 // Bright Black
};
// Stream context for processing AI agent responses
struct StreamContext {
const uint8_t* text; // Raw text from AI agent
uint32_t text_len; // Length of text
uint8_t agent_type; // Type of agent (AgentType enum)
uint8_t _pad1[3]; // Padding for alignment
uint32_t stream_id; // Stream identifier
uint64_t timestamp; // Message timestamp
uint8_t is_continuation; // Part of multi-part message
uint8_t enable_ansi; // Enable ANSI formatting
uint8_t _pad2[6]; // Padding
};
// Performance metrics for profiling
struct KernelMetrics {
uint64_t cycles_start;
uint64_t cycles_end;
uint32_t messages_processed;
uint32_t atomic_conflicts;
uint32_t memory_stalls;
uint32_t backpressure_events;
};
// Simplified slot structure for ring buffer (256 bytes, cache-aligned)
struct __align__(64) Slot {
uint64_t seq; // Sequence number for ordering
uint32_t len; // Payload length
uint32_t flags; // Message flags
uint64_t timestamp; // Message timestamp
uint8_t _pad1[40]; // Padding to 64 bytes
uint8_t payload[192]; // Message payload
};
// Ring buffer header with producer/consumer indices
struct __align__(64) Header {
// Producer cache line (written by GPU)
struct {
uint64_t write_idx;
uint64_t messages_produced;
uint8_t _pad[48];
} producer;
// Consumer cache line (read by CPU)
struct {
uint64_t read_idx;
uint64_t messages_consumed;
uint8_t _pad[48];
} consumer;
// Configuration (read-only after init)
struct {
uint64_t wrap_mask;
uint32_t slot_count;
uint32_t payload_size;
uint32_t batch_size;
uint32_t _reserved;
uint8_t _pad[40];
} config;
// Control flags
struct {
uint32_t backpressure;
uint32_t stop;
uint32_t epoch;
uint32_t error_count;
uint8_t _pad[48];
} control;
};
extern "C" __global__ void perdix_test_kernel(
Slot* __restrict__ slots,
Header* __restrict__ hdr,
int n_messages
) {
// Use the thread index within the block for this logic.
// This kernel assumes n_messages <= blockDim.x.
int tid = threadIdx.x;
// Get the starting sequence number deterministically.
// To avoid a race where every thread hammers atomicAdd on the write_idx,
// we have a single thread read the starting index into fast __shared__ memory.
__shared__ uint64_t base_seq;
if (tid == 0) {
// Only thread 0 reads the global memory.
base_seq = hdr->producer.write_idx;
}
// Synchronize the block.
// __syncthreads() acts as a barrier, ensuring that all threads in the block
// wait here until thread 0 has finished writing to `base_seq`. After this
// line, all threads are guaranteed to see the correct starting sequence.
__syncthreads();
// Each thread processes one message if it has work to do.
if (tid < n_messages) {
// Calculate this thread's unique sequence number.
// This is deterministic and contention-free.
uint64_t seq = base_seq + tid;
// Calculate the slot index using the power-of-two wrap_mask.
uint64_t slot_idx = seq & hdr->config.wrap_mask;
Slot* slot = &slots[slot_idx];
// It is critical to write all data *before* publishing the sequence number.
// Simple integer-to-string for the message number (tid).
// This is safe to do in a kernel as it uses no external library functions.
const char* prefix = "GPU Test Msg ";
for (int i = 0; i < 13; i++) {
slot->payload[i] = prefix[i];
}
int num = tid;
int digits = 0;
uint8_t num_str[10];
if (num == 0) {
num_str[0] = '0';
digits = 1;
} else {
while (num > 0 && digits < 10) {
num_str[digits++] = '0' + (num % 10);
num /= 10;
}
// Reverse the digits since they were extracted backwards
for (int i = 0; i < digits / 2; i++) {
uint8_t tmp = num_str[i];
num_str[i] = num_str[digits - 1 - i];
num_str[digits - 1 - i] = tmp;
}
}
// Copy the number string into the payload.
for (int i = 0; i < digits; i++) {
slot->payload[13 + i] = num_str[i];
}
slot->payload[13 + digits] = '\n'; // Add newline for readability
// Set the final length and other metadata.
slot->len = 14 + digits; // 13 (prefix) + digits + 1 (newline)
slot->flags = 0;
slot->timestamp = clock64();
// __threadfence_system() guarantees that ALL writes made by this thread
// before the fence (i.e., the payload, len, flags) are fully visible
// to the CPU and all other GPU cores BEFORE any write after the fence.
__threadfence_system();
// Writing the correct sequence number acts as the
// "ready" flag for the CPU consumer. We use atomicExch for a strong
// memory operation, though a simple `slot->seq = seq;` would also work
// after the system fence.
atomicExch((unsigned long long*)&slot->seq, seq);
}
// Update the global write index ONCE.
// All threads wait here to ensure their individual slot writes are complete.
__syncthreads();
// Only thread 0 performs the final atomic update to the global index.
// This avoids 50 separate atomic operations, reducing contention significantly.
if (tid == 0) {
atomicAdd((unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.write_idx, (unsigned long long)n_messages);
}
}
// Production kernel with ANSI color support
extern "C" __global__ void perdix_ansi_kernel(
Slot* __restrict__ slots,
Header* __restrict__ hdr,
const uint8_t* __restrict__ input_text,
const uint32_t* __restrict__ text_lengths,
const uint8_t* __restrict__ agent_types,
int n_messages
) {
int tid = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
int stride = gridDim.x * blockDim.x;
// ANSI color codes for different agent types
const char* colors[8] = {
"\033[34m", // SYSTEM - Blue
"\033[32m", // USER - Green
"\033[36m", // ASSISTANT - Cyan
"\033[31m", // ERROR - Red
"\033[33m", // WARNING - Yellow
"\033[37m", // INFO - White
"\033[35m", // DEBUG - Magenta
"\033[90m" // TRACE - Bright Black
};
const char* reset = "\033[0m";
for (int msg_id = tid; msg_id < n_messages; msg_id += stride) {
// Reserve slot
uint64_t seq = atomicAdd((unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.write_idx, 1ULL);
uint64_t slot_idx = seq & hdr->config.wrap_mask;
Slot* slot = &slots[slot_idx];
uint32_t output_len = 0;
uint8_t agent_type = agent_types[msg_id];
uint32_t text_len = text_lengths[msg_id];
// Add color code
if (agent_type < 8) {
const char* color = colors[agent_type];
for (int i = 0; color[i] != '\0' && output_len < 192; i++) {
slot->payload[output_len++] = color[i];
}
}
// Copy text (up to available space)
uint32_t text_offset = msg_id * 128; // Assume max 128 bytes per message
uint32_t copy_len = min(text_len, (uint32_t)(192 - output_len - 4));
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < copy_len; i++) {
slot->payload[output_len++] = input_text[text_offset + i];
}
// Add reset sequence
for (int i = 0; reset[i] != '\0' && output_len < 192; i++) {
slot->payload[output_len++] = reset[i];
}
// Set metadata
slot->len = output_len;
slot->flags = agent_type;
slot->timestamp = clock64();
// Publish
__threadfence_system();
atomicExch((unsigned long long*)&slot->seq, seq);
__threadfence_system();
}
}
// Optimized kernel using warp-level primitives
extern "C" __global__ void perdix_optimized_kernel(
Slot* __restrict__ slots,
Header* __restrict__ hdr,
const uint8_t* __restrict__ messages,
const uint32_t* __restrict__ lengths,
int n_messages
) {
const int tid = threadIdx.x;
const int bid = blockIdx.x;
const int lane_id = tid % 32;
const int warp_id = tid / 32;
// Shared memory for warp-level batching
extern __shared__ uint64_t shared_seqs[];
// Grid-stride loop
for (int msg_base = bid * blockDim.x;
msg_base < n_messages;
msg_base += gridDim.x * blockDim.x) {
int msg_id = msg_base + tid;
bool has_work = msg_id < n_messages;
// Warp-level cooperative sequence reservation
uint64_t warp_seq_base = 0;
uint32_t active_mask = __ballot_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, has_work);
if (active_mask != 0) {
if (lane_id == __ffs(active_mask) - 1) {
// Leader thread reserves sequences for entire warp
uint32_t warp_count = __popc(active_mask);
warp_seq_base = atomicAdd(
(unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.write_idx,
(unsigned long long)warp_count
);
atomicAdd((unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.messages_produced,
(unsigned long long)warp_count);
}
// Broadcast base sequence to all threads in warp
warp_seq_base = __shfl_sync(active_mask, warp_seq_base, __ffs(active_mask) - 1);
}
if (!has_work || warp_seq_base == 0) continue;
// Calculate per-thread sequence
uint32_t thread_offset = __popc(active_mask & ((1U << lane_id) - 1));
uint64_t my_seq = warp_seq_base + thread_offset;
// Write to slot
uint64_t slot_idx = my_seq & hdr->config.wrap_mask;
Slot* slot = &slots[slot_idx];
// Copy message data
uint32_t msg_len = lengths[msg_id];
uint32_t copy_len = min(msg_len, (uint32_t)192);
const uint8_t* msg_ptr = messages + (msg_id * 192);
// Vectorized copy for better memory throughput
if (copy_len >= 16) {
float4* dst = (float4*)slot->payload;
const float4* src = (const float4*)msg_ptr;
int vec_count = copy_len / 16;
#pragma unroll 4
for (int i = 0; i < vec_count; i++) {
dst[i] = src[i];
}
// Copy remaining bytes
for (int i = vec_count * 16; i < copy_len; i++) {
slot->payload[i] = msg_ptr[i];
}
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < copy_len; i++) {
slot->payload[i] = msg_ptr[i];
}
}
slot->len = copy_len;
slot->flags = 0;
slot->timestamp = clock64();
// Publish slot
__threadfence_system();
atomicExch((unsigned long long*)&slot->seq, my_seq);
__threadfence_system();
}
}
// Unified stream kernel for processing AI agent responses with ANSI formatting
extern "C" __global__ void unified_stream_kernel(
Slot* __restrict__ slots,
Header* __restrict__ hdr,
const PackedStreamContext* __restrict__ contexts, // Packed contexts with offsets
const uint8_t* __restrict__ text_arena, // Contiguous text buffer
const uint32_t n_messages,
KernelMetrics* __restrict__ metrics,
const bool enable_metrics
) {
const int BLOCK_SIZE = 128; // Optimized for SM occupancy
const int PAYLOAD_SIZE = 192;
// Thread identifiers
const int tid = threadIdx.x;
const int bid = blockIdx.x;
const int warp_id = tid / 32;
const int lane_id = tid % 32;
const int global_tid = bid * blockDim.x + tid;
// Shared memory for warp-level batching
extern __shared__ uint8_t shared_mem[];
uint8_t* shared_buffer = shared_mem;
uint64_t* shared_seqs = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(
&shared_mem[BLOCK_SIZE * PAYLOAD_SIZE]
);
// Start metrics if enabled
KernelMetrics local_metrics = {};
if (enable_metrics && tid == 0) {
local_metrics.start();
}
// Cooperative groups
cg::thread_block block = cg::this_thread_block();
cg::thread_block_tile<32> warp = cg::tiled_partition<32>(block);
// Configuration
const uint64_t wrap_mask = hdr->config.wrap_mask;
const uint32_t backpressure_threshold = hdr->config.slot_count - 64;
// Grid-stride loop for processing messages
for (uint32_t msg_base = bid * BLOCK_SIZE;
msg_base < n_messages;
msg_base += gridDim.x * BLOCK_SIZE) {
uint32_t msg_id = msg_base + tid;
bool has_work = msg_id < n_messages;
// Check for stop signal
if (atomicAdd((unsigned int*)&hdr->control.stop, 0) != 0) {
break;
}
// Step 1: Warp-level cooperative sequence reservation
uint64_t warp_seq_base = 0;
uint32_t active_mask = __ballot_sync(0xFFFFFFFF, has_work);
if (active_mask != 0) {
if (lane_id == __ffs(active_mask) - 1) {
// Leader thread reserves sequences for entire warp
uint32_t warp_count = __popc(active_mask);
// Check backpressure before reservation
uint64_t current_write = atomicAdd((unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.write_idx, 0ULL);
uint64_t current_read = atomicAdd((unsigned long long*)&hdr->consumer.read_idx, 0ULL);
if ((current_write - current_read) < backpressure_threshold) {
warp_seq_base = atomicAdd(
(unsigned long long*)&hdr->producer.write_idx,
(unsigned long long)warp_count
);
if (enable_metrics) {
atomicAdd(&hdr->producer.messages_produced, warp_count);
}
} else {
// Signal backpressure
atomicExch((unsigned int*)&hdr->control.backpressure, 1);
__threadfence_system();
has_work = false;
if (enable_metrics) {
local_metrics.backpressure_events++;
}
}
}
// Broadcast base sequence to all threads in warp
warp_seq_base = __shfl_sync(active_mask, warp_seq_base, __ffs(active_mask) - 1);
has_work = has_work && (warp_seq_base != 0);
}
if (!has_work) {
// Backoff to reduce contention
__nanosleep(100 + (tid * 10));
continue;
}
// Step 2: Calculate per-thread sequence number
uint32_t thread_offset = __popc(active_mask & ((1U << lane_id) - 1));
uint64_t my_seq = warp_seq_base + thread_offset;
shared_seqs[tid] = my_seq;
// Step 3: Load packed context (now using offsets)
const PackedStreamContext& ctx = contexts[msg_id];
// Get text pointer from arena using offset
const uint8_t* text = &text_arena[ctx.text_offset];
// Step 4: Build ANSI-formatted message in shared memory
uint32_t shared_offset = tid * PAYLOAD_SIZE;
uint32_t output_len = 0;
if (ctx.enable_ansi) {
// Add agent type color
uint8_t color_code[8];
uint32_t code_len;
get_agent_color(ctx.agent_type, color_code, code_len);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < code_len; i++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = color_code[i];
}
// Add agent label
const char* labels[] = {
"[SYSTEM] ", "[USER] ", "[ASSISTANT] ", "[ERROR] ",
"[WARNING] ", "[INFO] ", "[DEBUG] ", "[TRACE] "
};
const char* label = labels[static_cast<uint8_t>(ctx.agent_type)];
for (int i = 0; label[i] != '\0' && output_len < PAYLOAD_SIZE - 4; i++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = label[i];
}
// Reset color for content
add_reset_sequence(&shared_buffer[shared_offset], output_len);
}
// Step 5: Process text with keyword highlighting
uint32_t text_to_copy = min(ctx.text_len,
static_cast<uint32_t>(PAYLOAD_SIZE - output_len - 4));
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < text_to_copy; i++) {
uint32_t pos = i;
bool highlighted = false;
if (ctx.enable_ansi) {
// Check for ERROR keyword - now using text from arena
if (detect_keyword(text, pos, ctx.text_len, "ERROR", 5)) {
const char* red = "\033[91m";
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = red[j];
}
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = text[pos + j];
}
add_reset_sequence(&shared_buffer[shared_offset], output_len);
i += 4;
highlighted = true;
}
// Check for WARNING keyword
else if (detect_keyword(text, pos, ctx.text_len, "WARNING", 7)) {
const char* yellow = "\033[93m";
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = yellow[j];
}
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = text[pos + j];
}
add_reset_sequence(&shared_buffer[shared_offset], output_len);
i += 6;
highlighted = true;
}
// Check for SUCCESS keyword
else if (detect_keyword(text, pos, ctx.text_len, "SUCCESS", 7)) {
const char* green = "\033[92m";
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = green[j];
}
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = text[pos + j];
}
add_reset_sequence(&shared_buffer[shared_offset], output_len);
i += 6;
highlighted = true;
}
}
if (!highlighted) {
shared_buffer[shared_offset + output_len++] = text[pos];
}
if (output_len >= PAYLOAD_SIZE - 4) break;
}
// Add final reset if ANSI enabled
if (ctx.enable_ansi && !ctx.is_continuation) {
add_reset_sequence(&shared_buffer[shared_offset], output_len);
}
// Step 6: Synchronize shared memory
__syncwarp(active_mask);
// Step 7: Compute slot index
uint64_t slot_idx = my_seq & wrap_mask;
Slot* my_slot = &slots[slot_idx];
// Step 8: Prefetch slot for write (sm_80+)
#if __CUDA_ARCH__ >= 800
// Touch memory to bring into cache
volatile uint32_t dummy = my_slot->len;
(void)dummy;
#endif
// Step 9: Write payload to global memory (vectorized)
if (PAYLOAD_SIZE == 192) {
// Optimized for 192-byte payloads
float4* dst = reinterpret_cast<float4*>(my_slot->payload);
float4* src = reinterpret_cast<float4*>(&shared_buffer[shared_offset]);
#pragma unroll
for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
dst[i] = src[i];
}
} else {
// Generic vectorized copy
vectorized_copy<uint4>(my_slot->payload,
&shared_buffer[shared_offset],
min(output_len, static_cast<uint32_t>(PAYLOAD_SIZE)));
}
// Step 10: Set metadata
my_slot->len = min(output_len, static_cast<uint32_t>(PAYLOAD_SIZE));
my_slot->flags = (ctx.is_continuation ? 0x01 : 0x00) |
(static_cast<uint32_t>(ctx.agent_type) << 8) |
(ctx.stream_id << 16);
// Get timestamp if available
#if __CUDA_ARCH__ >= 700
my_slot->timestamp = clock64();
#else
my_slot->timestamp = ctx.timestamp;
#endif
// Step 11: Memory fence for host visibility
__threadfence_system();
// Step 12: Atomically publish sequence number (slot is ready)
atomicExch((unsigned long long*)&my_slot->seq, my_seq);
__threadfence_system();
if (enable_metrics) {
local_metrics.messages_processed++;
}
}
// Collect final metrics
if (enable_metrics && tid == 0) {
local_metrics.end();
metrics[bid] = local_metrics;
}
}
// Kernel for initializing ring buffer
extern "C" __global__ void perdix_init_kernel(
Slot* __restrict__ slots,
Header* __restrict__ hdr,
int n_slots
) {
int tid = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
int stride = gridDim.x * blockDim.x;
// Initialize header (only thread 0)
if (tid == 0) {
hdr->producer.write_idx = 0;
hdr->producer.messages_produced = 0;
hdr->consumer.read_idx = 0;
hdr->consumer.messages_consumed = 0;
hdr->config.slot_count = n_slots;
hdr->config.wrap_mask = n_slots - 1;
hdr->config.payload_size = 192;
hdr->config.batch_size = 32;
hdr->control.backpressure = 0;
hdr->control.stop = 0;
hdr->control.epoch = 0;
hdr->control.error_count = 0;
}
// Initialize slots
for (int i = tid; i < n_slots; i += stride) {
slots[i].seq = UINT64_MAX; // Mark as empty
slots[i].len = 0;
slots[i].flags = 0;
slots[i].timestamp = 0;
// Clear payload
for (int j = 0; j < 192; j++) {
slots[i].payload[j] = 0;
}
}
}
"#;
pub fn get_kernel_source(custom_defines: Option<&str>) -> String {
if let Some(defines) = custom_defines {
format!("{}\n{}", defines, PERDIX_KERNEL_SOURCE)
} else {
PERDIX_KERNEL_SOURCE.to_string()
}
}
pub struct KernelInfo {
pub name: &'static str,
pub compute_capability: &'static str,
pub max_threads: u32,
pub shared_mem_bytes: u32,
}
impl KernelInfo {
pub fn test_kernel() -> Self {
Self {
name: "perdix_test_kernel",
compute_capability: "compute_89", max_threads: 256,
shared_mem_bytes: 0,
}
}
pub fn ansi_kernel() -> Self {
Self {
name: "perdix_ansi_kernel",
compute_capability: "compute_89",
max_threads: 256,
shared_mem_bytes: 0,
}
}
pub fn optimized_kernel() -> Self {
Self {
name: "perdix_optimized_kernel",
compute_capability: "compute_89",
max_threads: 256,
shared_mem_bytes: 2048, }
}
pub fn init_kernel() -> Self {
Self {
name: "perdix_init_kernel",
compute_capability: "compute_89",
max_threads: 256,
shared_mem_bytes: 0,
}
}
pub fn unified_stream_kernel() -> Self {
Self {
name: "unified_stream_kernel",
compute_capability: "compute_89",
max_threads: 224, shared_mem_bytes: 44800, }
}
}