pdf-font 1.0.0-beta.3

//! A [Compact Font Format Table](
//! https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/cff) implementation.

// Useful links:
// http://wwwimages.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/font/pdfs/5176.CFF.pdf
// http://wwwimages.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/devnet/font/pdfs/5177.Type2.pdf
// https://github.com/opentypejs/opentype.js/blob/master/src/tables/cff.js

mod charset;
mod charstring;
mod dict;
mod encoding;
mod index;
mod parser;
mod std_names;

use crate::font::argstack::ArgumentsStack;
use crate::font::cff::parser::FromData;
use crate::font::util::TryNumFrom;
use crate::font::{
    Builder, DummyOutline, GlyphId, Matrix, OutlineBuilder, OutlineError, Rect, RectF,
};
use charset::{Charset, parse_charset};
use charstring::CharStringParser;
use core::convert::TryFrom;
use core::num::NonZeroU16;
use core::ops::Range;
use dict::DictionaryParser;
use encoding::{Encoding, STANDARD_ENCODING, parse_encoding};
use index::{Index, parse_index, skip_index};
use log::warn;
use parser::{LazyArray16, NumFrom, Stream};
use std_names::STANDARD_NAMES;

// Limits according to the Adobe Technical Note #5176, chapter 4 DICT Data.
const MAX_OPERANDS_LEN: usize = 48;

// Limits according to the Adobe Technical Note #5177 Appendix B.
const STACK_LIMIT: u8 = 10;
const MAX_ARGUMENTS_STACK_LEN: usize = 48;

const TWO_BYTE_OPERATOR_MARK: u8 = 12;

/// A [Compact Font Format Table](
/// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/typography/opentype/spec/cff).
#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
pub struct Table<'a> {
    // The whole CFF table.
    // Used to resolve a local subroutine in a CID font.
    table_data: &'a [u8],

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    strings: Index<'a>,
    global_subrs: Index<'a>,
    charset: Charset<'a>,
    number_of_glyphs: NonZeroU16,
    matrix: Matrix,
    top_matrix_explicit: bool,
    char_strings: Index<'a>,
    kind: FontKind<'a>,
}

impl<'a> Table<'a> {
    /// Parses a table from raw data.
    pub fn parse(data: &'a [u8]) -> Option<Self> {
        let mut s = Stream::new(data);

        // Parse Header.
        let major = s.read::<u8>()?;
        s.skip::<u8>(); // minor
        let header_size = s.read::<u8>()?;
        s.skip::<u8>(); // Absolute offset

        if major != 1 {
            return None;
        }

        // Jump to Name INDEX. It's not necessarily right after the header.
        if header_size > 4 {
            s.advance(usize::from(header_size) - 4);
        }

        // Skip Name INDEX.
        skip_index::<u16>(&mut s)?;

        let top_dict = parse_top_dict(&mut s)?;

        // Must be set, otherwise there are nothing to parse.
        if top_dict.char_strings_offset == 0 {
            return None;
        }

        // String INDEX.
        let strings = parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)?;

        // Parse Global Subroutines INDEX.
        let global_subrs = parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)?;

        let char_strings = {
            let mut s = Stream::new_at(data, top_dict.char_strings_offset)?;
            parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)?
        };

        // 'The number of glyphs is the value of the count field in the CharStrings INDEX.'
        let number_of_glyphs = u16::try_from(char_strings.len())
            .ok()
            .and_then(NonZeroU16::new)?;

        let charset = match top_dict.charset_offset {
            Some(charset_id::ISO_ADOBE) => Charset::ISOAdobe,
            Some(charset_id::EXPERT) => Charset::Expert,
            Some(charset_id::EXPERT_SUBSET) => Charset::ExpertSubset,
            Some(offset) => {
                let mut s = Stream::new_at(data, offset)?;
                parse_charset(number_of_glyphs, &mut s)?
            }
            None => Charset::ISOAdobe, // default
        };

        let top_matrix_explicit = top_dict.matrix.is_some();
        let matrix = top_dict.matrix.unwrap_or_default();

        let kind = if top_dict.has_ros {
            parse_cid_metadata(data, top_dict, number_of_glyphs.get())?
        } else {
            // Only SID fonts are allowed to have an Encoding.
            let encoding = match top_dict.encoding_offset {
                Some(encoding_id::STANDARD) => Encoding::new_standard(),
                Some(encoding_id::EXPERT) => Encoding::new_expert(),
                Some(offset) => parse_encoding(&mut Stream::new_at(data, offset)?)?,
                None => Encoding::new_standard(), // default
            };

            parse_sid_metadata(data, top_dict, encoding)?
        };

        Some(Self {
            table_data: data,
            strings,
            global_subrs,
            charset,
            number_of_glyphs,
            matrix,
            top_matrix_explicit,
            char_strings,
            kind,
        })
    }

    /// Returns a total number of glyphs in the font.
    ///
    /// Never zero.
    #[inline]
    pub fn number_of_glyphs(&self) -> u16 {
        self.number_of_glyphs.get()
    }

    /// Return the matrix that needs to be applied to the glyph to scale it to
    /// a single font unit.
    pub fn glyph_matrix(&self, glyph_id: GlyphId) -> Matrix {
        // This is a hot mess, as the interaction between top-level matrix and
        // font-dict matrix is not properly specified. I dealt with this in the
        // past, see: https://github.com/typst/subsetter/blob/5c7764b2835e9273801ed7f0078d0ca06550ce74/src/cff/dict/top_dict.rs#L109-L123
        let FontKind::CID(ref cid) = self.kind else {
            return self.matrix;
        };

        let fd_matrix = (|| {
            let font_dict_index = cid.fd_select.font_dict_index(glyph_id)?;
            let font_dict_data = cid.fd_array.get(u32::from(font_dict_index))?;
            parse_font_dict_matrix(font_dict_data)
        })();

        let effective_fd = match (self.top_matrix_explicit, fd_matrix) {
            // Case 1.
            (true, Some(fd)) => fd,
            // Case 2.
            (false, Some(fd)) => Matrix {
                sx: fd.sx * 1000.0,
                ky: fd.ky * 1000.0,
                kx: fd.kx * 1000.0,
                sy: fd.sy * 1000.0,
                tx: fd.tx * 1000.0,
                ty: fd.ty * 1000.0,
            },
            // Case 3 & 4.
            (_, None) => Matrix {
                sx: 1.0,
                ky: 0.0,
                kx: 0.0,
                sy: 1.0,
                tx: 0.0,
                ty: 0.0,
            },
        };

        // Compose the two matrices.
        Matrix {
            sx: self.matrix.sx * effective_fd.sx + self.matrix.kx * effective_fd.ky,
            ky: self.matrix.ky * effective_fd.sx + self.matrix.sy * effective_fd.ky,
            kx: self.matrix.sx * effective_fd.kx + self.matrix.kx * effective_fd.sy,
            sy: self.matrix.ky * effective_fd.kx + self.matrix.sy * effective_fd.sy,
            tx: self.matrix.sx * effective_fd.tx
                + self.matrix.kx * effective_fd.ty
                + self.matrix.tx,
            ty: self.matrix.ky * effective_fd.tx
                + self.matrix.sy * effective_fd.ty
                + self.matrix.ty,
        }
    }

    /// Outlines a glyph.
    pub fn outline(
        &self,
        glyph_id: GlyphId,
        builder: &mut dyn OutlineBuilder,
    ) -> Result<Rect, OutlineError> {
        let data = self
            .char_strings
            .get(u32::from(glyph_id.0))
            .ok_or(OutlineError::NoGlyph)?;
        parse_char_string(data, self, glyph_id, false, builder).map(|v| v.0)
    }

    /// Resolves a Glyph ID for a code point.
    pub fn glyph_index(&self, code_point: u8) -> Option<GlyphId> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(ref sid_meta) => {
                match sid_meta.encoding.code_to_gid(&self.charset, code_point) {
                    Some(id) => Some(id),
                    None => {
                        // Try using the Standard encoding otherwise.
                        // Custom Encodings does not guarantee to include all glyphs.
                        Encoding::new_standard().code_to_gid(&self.charset, code_point)
                    }
                }
            }
            FontKind::CID(_) => None,
        }
    }

    /// Returns a glyph width.
    pub fn glyph_width(&self, glyph_id: GlyphId) -> Option<u16> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(ref sid) => {
                let data = self.char_strings.get(u32::from(glyph_id.0))?;
                let (_, width) =
                    parse_char_string(data, self, glyph_id, true, &mut DummyOutline).ok()?;
                let width = width
                    .map(|w| sid.nominal_width + w)
                    .unwrap_or(sid.default_width);
                u16::try_from(width as i32).ok()
            }
            FontKind::CID(_) => None,
        }
    }

    /// Convert a CID to its correpsonding glyph id.
    pub fn glyph_index_by_cid(&self, cid: u16) -> Option<GlyphId> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(_) => None,
            FontKind::CID(_) => self.charset.sid_to_gid(StringId(cid)),
        }
    }

    /// Whether the font is a CID font.
    pub fn is_cid(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self.kind, FontKind::CID(_))
    }

    /// Returns a glyph ID by a name.
    pub fn glyph_index_by_name(&self, name: &str) -> Option<GlyphId> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(_) => {
                // See PDFBOX-5987: We first check if there happens to be a custom SID
                // (even if it's a standard name), and only if not do we check
                // the standard names.
                let sid = if let Some(index) =
                    self.strings.into_iter().position(|n| n == name.as_bytes())
                {
                    StringId((STANDARD_NAMES.len() + index) as u16)
                } else {
                    STANDARD_NAMES
                        .iter()
                        .position(|n| *n == name)
                        .map(|n| StringId(n as u16))?
                };

                self.charset.sid_to_gid(sid)
            }
            FontKind::CID(_) => None,
        }
    }

    /// Returns a glyph name.
    pub fn glyph_name(&self, glyph_id: GlyphId) -> Option<&'a str> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(_) => {
                let sid = self.charset.gid_to_sid(glyph_id)?;
                let sid = usize::from(sid.0);
                match STANDARD_NAMES.get(sid) {
                    Some(name) => Some(name),
                    None => {
                        let idx = u32::try_from(sid - STANDARD_NAMES.len()).ok()?;
                        let name = self.strings.get(idx)?;
                        core::str::from_utf8(name).ok()
                    }
                }
            }
            FontKind::CID(_) => None,
        }
    }

    /// Returns the CID corresponding to a glyph ID.
    ///
    /// Returns `None` if this is not a `CIDFont`.
    pub fn glyph_cid(&self, glyph_id: GlyphId) -> Option<u16> {
        match self.kind {
            FontKind::SID(_) => None,
            FontKind::CID(_) => self.charset.gid_to_sid(glyph_id).map(|id| id.0),
        }
    }
}

impl core::fmt::Debug for Table<'_> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Table {{ ... }}")
    }
}

/// Enumerates some operators defined in the Adobe Technical Note #5177.
mod operator {
    pub(crate) const DOTSECTION: u8 = 0;
    pub(crate) const HORIZONTAL_STEM: u8 = 1;
    pub(crate) const VERTICAL_STEM: u8 = 3;
    pub(crate) const VERTICAL_MOVE_TO: u8 = 4;
    pub(crate) const LINE_TO: u8 = 5;
    pub(crate) const HORIZONTAL_LINE_TO: u8 = 6;
    pub(crate) const VERTICAL_LINE_TO: u8 = 7;
    pub(crate) const CURVE_TO: u8 = 8;
    pub(crate) const CALL_LOCAL_SUBROUTINE: u8 = 10;
    pub(crate) const RETURN: u8 = 11;
    pub(crate) const ENDCHAR: u8 = 14;
    pub(crate) const HORIZONTAL_STEM_HINT_MASK: u8 = 18;
    pub(crate) const HINT_MASK: u8 = 19;
    pub(crate) const COUNTER_MASK: u8 = 20;
    pub(crate) const MOVE_TO: u8 = 21;
    pub(crate) const HORIZONTAL_MOVE_TO: u8 = 22;
    pub(crate) const VERTICAL_STEM_HINT_MASK: u8 = 23;
    pub(crate) const CURVE_LINE: u8 = 24;
    pub(crate) const LINE_CURVE: u8 = 25;
    pub(crate) const VV_CURVE_TO: u8 = 26;
    pub(crate) const HH_CURVE_TO: u8 = 27;
    pub(crate) const SHORT_INT: u8 = 28;
    pub(crate) const CALL_GLOBAL_SUBROUTINE: u8 = 29;
    pub(crate) const VH_CURVE_TO: u8 = 30;
    pub(crate) const HV_CURVE_TO: u8 = 31;
    pub(crate) const HFLEX: u8 = 34;
    pub(crate) const FLEX: u8 = 35;
    pub(crate) const HFLEX1: u8 = 36;
    pub(crate) const FLEX1: u8 = 37;
    pub(crate) const FIXED_16_16: u8 = 255;
}

/// Enumerates some operators defined in the Adobe Technical Note #5176,
/// Table 9 Top DICT Operator Entries
mod top_dict_operator {
    pub(crate) const CHARSET_OFFSET: u16 = 15;
    pub(crate) const ENCODING_OFFSET: u16 = 16;
    pub(crate) const CHAR_STRINGS_OFFSET: u16 = 17;
    pub(crate) const PRIVATE_DICT_SIZE_AND_OFFSET: u16 = 18;
    pub(crate) const FONT_MATRIX: u16 = 1207;
    pub(crate) const ROS: u16 = 1230;
    pub(crate) const FD_ARRAY: u16 = 1236;
    pub(crate) const FD_SELECT: u16 = 1237;
}

/// Enumerates some operators defined in the Adobe Technical Note #5176,
/// Table 23 Private DICT Operators
mod private_dict_operator {
    pub(crate) const LOCAL_SUBROUTINES_OFFSET: u16 = 19;
    pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WIDTH: u16 = 20;
    pub(crate) const NOMINAL_WIDTH: u16 = 21;
}

/// Enumerates Charset IDs defined in the Adobe Technical Note #5176, Table 22
mod charset_id {
    pub(crate) const ISO_ADOBE: usize = 0;
    pub(crate) const EXPERT: usize = 1;
    pub(crate) const EXPERT_SUBSET: usize = 2;
}

/// Enumerates Charset IDs defined in the Adobe Technical Note #5176, Table 16
mod encoding_id {
    pub(crate) const STANDARD: usize = 0;
    pub(crate) const EXPERT: usize = 1;
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub(crate) enum FontKind<'a> {
    SID(SIDMetadata<'a>),
    CID(CIDMetadata<'a>),
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Debug)]
pub(crate) struct SIDMetadata<'a> {
    local_subrs: Index<'a>,
    /// Can be zero.
    default_width: f32,
    /// Can be zero.
    nominal_width: f32,
    encoding: Encoding<'a>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default, Debug)]
pub(crate) struct CIDMetadata<'a> {
    fd_array: Index<'a>,
    fd_select: FDSelect<'a>,
}

#[derive(Default)]
struct TopDict {
    charset_offset: Option<usize>,
    encoding_offset: Option<usize>,
    char_strings_offset: usize,
    private_dict_range: Option<Range<usize>>,
    matrix: Option<Matrix>,
    has_ros: bool,
    fd_array_offset: Option<usize>,
    fd_select_offset: Option<usize>,
}

fn parse_top_dict(s: &mut Stream<'_>) -> Option<TopDict> {
    let mut top_dict = TopDict::default();

    let index = parse_index::<u16>(s)?;

    // The Top DICT INDEX should have only one dictionary.
    let data = index.get(0)?;

    let mut operands_buffer = [0.0; MAX_OPERANDS_LEN];
    let mut dict_parser = DictionaryParser::new(data, &mut operands_buffer);
    while let Some(operator) = dict_parser.parse_next() {
        match operator.get() {
            top_dict_operator::CHARSET_OFFSET => {
                top_dict.charset_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset();
            }
            top_dict_operator::ENCODING_OFFSET => {
                top_dict.encoding_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset();
            }
            top_dict_operator::CHAR_STRINGS_OFFSET => {
                top_dict.char_strings_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset()?;
            }
            top_dict_operator::PRIVATE_DICT_SIZE_AND_OFFSET => {
                top_dict.private_dict_range = dict_parser.parse_range();
            }
            top_dict_operator::FONT_MATRIX => {
                dict_parser.parse_operands()?;
                let operands = dict_parser.operands();
                if operands.len() == 6 {
                    top_dict.matrix = Some(Matrix {
                        sx: operands[0] as f32,
                        ky: operands[1] as f32,
                        kx: operands[2] as f32,
                        sy: operands[3] as f32,
                        tx: operands[4] as f32,
                        ty: operands[5] as f32,
                    });
                }
            }
            top_dict_operator::ROS => {
                top_dict.has_ros = true;
            }
            top_dict_operator::FD_ARRAY => {
                top_dict.fd_array_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset();
            }
            top_dict_operator::FD_SELECT => {
                top_dict.fd_select_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset();
            }
            _ => {}
        }
    }

    Some(top_dict)
}

#[derive(Default, Debug)]
struct PrivateDict {
    local_subroutines_offset: Option<usize>,
    default_width: Option<f32>,
    nominal_width: Option<f32>,
}

fn parse_private_dict(data: &[u8]) -> PrivateDict {
    let mut dict = PrivateDict::default();
    let mut operands_buffer = [0.0; MAX_OPERANDS_LEN];
    let mut dict_parser = DictionaryParser::new(data, &mut operands_buffer);
    while let Some(operator) = dict_parser.parse_next() {
        if operator.get() == private_dict_operator::LOCAL_SUBROUTINES_OFFSET {
            dict.local_subroutines_offset = dict_parser.parse_offset();
        } else if operator.get() == private_dict_operator::DEFAULT_WIDTH {
            dict.default_width = dict_parser.parse_number().map(|n| n as f32);
        } else if operator.get() == private_dict_operator::NOMINAL_WIDTH {
            dict.nominal_width = dict_parser.parse_number().map(|n| n as f32);
        }
    }

    dict
}

fn parse_font_dict(data: &[u8]) -> Option<Range<usize>> {
    let mut operands_buffer = [0.0; MAX_OPERANDS_LEN];
    let mut dict_parser = DictionaryParser::new(data, &mut operands_buffer);
    while let Some(operator) = dict_parser.parse_next() {
        if operator.get() == top_dict_operator::PRIVATE_DICT_SIZE_AND_OFFSET {
            return dict_parser.parse_range();
        }
    }

    None
}

fn parse_font_dict_matrix(data: &[u8]) -> Option<Matrix> {
    let mut operands_buffer = [0.0; MAX_OPERANDS_LEN];
    let mut dict_parser = DictionaryParser::new(data, &mut operands_buffer);
    while let Some(operator) = dict_parser.parse_next() {
        if operator.get() == top_dict_operator::FONT_MATRIX {
            dict_parser.parse_operands()?;
            let operands = dict_parser.operands();
            if operands.len() == 6 {
                return Some(Matrix {
                    sx: operands[0] as f32,
                    ky: operands[1] as f32,
                    kx: operands[2] as f32,
                    sy: operands[3] as f32,
                    tx: operands[4] as f32,
                    ty: operands[5] as f32,
                });
            }
        }
    }

    None
}

/// In CID fonts, to get local subroutines we have to:
///   1. Find Font DICT index via `FDSelect` by GID.
///   2. Get Font DICT data from `FDArray` using this index.
///   3. Get a Private DICT offset from a Font DICT.
///   4. Get a local subroutine offset from Private DICT.
///   5. Parse a local subroutine at offset.
fn parse_cid_local_subrs<'a>(
    data: &'a [u8],
    glyph_id: GlyphId,
    cid: &CIDMetadata<'_>,
) -> Option<Index<'a>> {
    let font_dict_index = cid.fd_select.font_dict_index(glyph_id)?;
    let font_dict_data = cid.fd_array.get(u32::from(font_dict_index))?;
    let private_dict_range = parse_font_dict(font_dict_data)?;
    let private_dict_data = data.get(private_dict_range.clone())?;
    let private_dict = parse_private_dict(private_dict_data);
    let subroutines_offset = private_dict.local_subroutines_offset?;

    // 'The local subroutines offset is relative to the beginning
    // of the Private DICT data.'
    let start = private_dict_range.start.checked_add(subroutines_offset)?;
    let subrs_data = data.get(start..)?;
    let mut s = Stream::new(subrs_data);
    parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)
}

struct CharStringParserContext<'a> {
    metadata: &'a Table<'a>,
    width: Option<f32>,
    stems_len: u32,
    has_endchar: bool,
    has_seac: bool,
    glyph_id: GlyphId, // Required to parse local subroutine in CID fonts.
    local_subrs: Option<Index<'a>>,
}

fn parse_char_string(
    data: &[u8],
    metadata: &Table<'_>,
    glyph_id: GlyphId,
    width_only: bool,
    builder: &mut dyn OutlineBuilder,
) -> Result<(Rect, Option<f32>), OutlineError> {
    let local_subrs = match metadata.kind {
        FontKind::SID(ref sid) => Some(sid.local_subrs),
        FontKind::CID(_) => None, // Will be resolved on request.
    };

    let mut ctx = CharStringParserContext {
        metadata,
        width: None,
        stems_len: 0,
        has_endchar: false,
        has_seac: false,
        glyph_id,
        local_subrs,
    };

    let mut inner_builder = Builder {
        builder,
        bbox: RectF::new(),
    };

    let stack = ArgumentsStack {
        data: &mut [0.0; MAX_ARGUMENTS_STACK_LEN], // 192B
        len: 0,
        max_len: MAX_ARGUMENTS_STACK_LEN,
    };
    let mut parser = CharStringParser {
        stack,
        builder: &mut inner_builder,
        x: 0.0,
        y: 0.0,
        has_move_to: false,
        is_first_move_to: true,
        width_only,
    };
    _parse_char_string(&mut ctx, data, 0, &mut parser)?;

    if width_only {
        return Ok((Rect::zero(), ctx.width));
    }

    if !ctx.has_endchar {
        return Err(OutlineError::MissingEndChar);
    }

    let bbox = parser.builder.bbox;

    // Check that bbox was changed.
    if bbox.is_default() {
        return Err(OutlineError::ZeroBBox);
    }

    let rect = bbox.to_rect().ok_or(OutlineError::BboxOverflow)?;
    Ok((rect, ctx.width))
}

fn _parse_char_string(
    ctx: &mut CharStringParserContext<'_>,
    char_string: &[u8],
    depth: u8,
    p: &mut CharStringParser<'_>,
) -> Result<(), OutlineError> {
    // See PDFJS-6132: In case we encounter an error, try to return whatever
    // we extracted so far.
    macro_rules! try_or_endchar {
        ($e:expr) => {
            match $e {
                Ok(()) => {}
                Err(_) if p.stack.is_empty() => {
                    if !p.is_first_move_to {
                        p.builder.close();
                    }
                    ctx.has_endchar = true;
                    return Ok(());
                }
                Err(e) => return Err(e),
            }
        };
    }

    let mut s = Stream::new(char_string);
    while !s.at_end() {
        let op = s.read::<u8>().ok_or(OutlineError::ReadOutOfBounds)?;
        match op {
            0 | 2 | 9 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 17 => {
                // Reserved.
                warn!("encountered reserved operator {}", op);
            }
            operator::HORIZONTAL_STEM
            | operator::VERTICAL_STEM
            | operator::HORIZONTAL_STEM_HINT_MASK
            | operator::VERTICAL_STEM_HINT_MASK => {
                // y dy {dya dyb}* hstem
                // x dx {dxa dxb}* vstem
                // y dy {dya dyb}* hstemhm
                // x dx {dxa dxb}* vstemhm

                // If the stack length is uneven, than the first value is a `width`.
                let len = if p.stack.len().is_odd() && ctx.width.is_none() {
                    ctx.width = Some(p.stack.at(0));
                    p.stack.len() - 1
                } else {
                    p.stack.len()
                };

                ctx.stems_len += len as u32 >> 1;

                // We are ignoring the hint operators.
                p.stack.clear();
            }
            operator::VERTICAL_MOVE_TO => {
                let mut i = 0;
                if p.stack.len() == 2 {
                    i += 1;
                    if ctx.width.is_none() {
                        ctx.width = Some(p.stack.at(0));
                    }
                }

                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_vertical_move_to(i));
            }
            operator::LINE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_line_to());
            }
            operator::HORIZONTAL_LINE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_horizontal_line_to());
            }
            operator::VERTICAL_LINE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_vertical_line_to());
            }
            operator::CURVE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_curve_to());
            }
            operator::CALL_LOCAL_SUBROUTINE => {
                if p.stack.is_empty() {
                    return Err(OutlineError::InvalidArgumentsStackLength);
                }

                if depth == STACK_LIMIT {
                    return Err(OutlineError::NestingLimitReached);
                }

                // Parse and remember the local subroutine for the current glyph.
                // Since it's a pretty complex task, we're doing it only when
                // a local subroutine is actually requested by the glyphs charstring.
                if ctx.local_subrs.is_none()
                    && let FontKind::CID(ref cid) = ctx.metadata.kind
                {
                    ctx.local_subrs =
                        parse_cid_local_subrs(ctx.metadata.table_data, ctx.glyph_id, cid);
                }

                if let Some(local_subrs) = ctx.local_subrs {
                    let subroutine_bias = calc_subroutine_bias(local_subrs.len());
                    let index = conv_subroutine_index(p.stack.pop(), subroutine_bias)?;
                    let char_string = local_subrs
                        .get(index)
                        .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSubroutineIndex)?;
                    _parse_char_string(ctx, char_string, depth + 1, p)?;
                } else {
                    return Err(OutlineError::NoLocalSubroutines);
                }

                if ctx.has_endchar && !ctx.has_seac {
                    if !s.at_end() {
                        return Err(OutlineError::DataAfterEndChar);
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }
            operator::RETURN => {
                break;
            }
            TWO_BYTE_OPERATOR_MARK => {
                // flex
                let op2 = s.read::<u8>().ok_or(OutlineError::ReadOutOfBounds)?;
                match op2 {
                    operator::HFLEX => try_or_endchar!(p.parse_hflex()),
                    operator::FLEX => try_or_endchar!(p.parse_flex()),
                    operator::HFLEX1 => try_or_endchar!(p.parse_hflex1()),
                    operator::FLEX1 => try_or_endchar!(p.parse_flex1()),
                    // Division operator.
                    12 => {
                        let num2 = p.stack.pop();
                        let num1 = p.stack.pop();

                        p.stack.push(num1 / num2)?;
                    }
                    operator::DOTSECTION => {}
                    _ => {
                        return Err(OutlineError::UnsupportedOperator);
                    }
                }
            }
            operator::ENDCHAR => {
                if p.stack.len() == 4 || (ctx.width.is_none() && p.stack.len() == 5) {
                    // Process 'seac'.
                    let accent_char = seac_code_to_glyph_id(&ctx.metadata.charset, p.stack.pop())
                        .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSeacCode)?;
                    let base_char = seac_code_to_glyph_id(&ctx.metadata.charset, p.stack.pop())
                        .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSeacCode)?;
                    let dy = p.stack.pop();
                    let dx = p.stack.pop();

                    if ctx.width.is_none() && !p.stack.is_empty() {
                        ctx.width = Some(p.stack.pop());
                    }

                    ctx.has_seac = true;

                    if depth == STACK_LIMIT {
                        return Err(OutlineError::NestingLimitReached);
                    }

                    let base_char_string = ctx
                        .metadata
                        .char_strings
                        .get(u32::from(base_char.0))
                        .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSeacCode)?;
                    _parse_char_string(ctx, base_char_string, depth + 1, p)?;
                    p.x = dx;
                    p.y = dy;

                    let accent_char_string = ctx
                        .metadata
                        .char_strings
                        .get(u32::from(accent_char.0))
                        .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSeacCode)?;
                    _parse_char_string(ctx, accent_char_string, depth + 1, p)?;
                } else if p.stack.len() == 1 && ctx.width.is_none() {
                    ctx.width = Some(p.stack.pop());
                }

                if !p.is_first_move_to {
                    p.is_first_move_to = true;
                    p.builder.close();
                }

                if !s.at_end() {
                    return Err(OutlineError::DataAfterEndChar);
                }

                ctx.has_endchar = true;

                break;
            }
            operator::HINT_MASK | operator::COUNTER_MASK => {
                let mut len = p.stack.len();

                // We are ignoring the hint operators.
                p.stack.clear();

                // If the stack length is uneven, than the first value is a `width`.
                if len.is_odd() {
                    len -= 1;
                    if ctx.width.is_none() {
                        ctx.width = Some(p.stack.at(0));
                    }
                }

                ctx.stems_len += len as u32 >> 1;

                s.advance(usize::num_from((ctx.stems_len + 7) >> 3));
            }
            operator::MOVE_TO => {
                let mut i = 0;
                if p.stack.len() == 3 {
                    i += 1;
                    if ctx.width.is_none() {
                        ctx.width = Some(p.stack.at(0));
                    }
                }

                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_move_to(i));
            }
            operator::HORIZONTAL_MOVE_TO => {
                let mut i = 0;
                if p.stack.len() == 2 {
                    i += 1;
                    if ctx.width.is_none() {
                        ctx.width = Some(p.stack.at(0));
                    }
                }

                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_horizontal_move_to(i));
            }
            operator::CURVE_LINE => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_curve_line());
            }
            operator::LINE_CURVE => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_line_curve());
            }
            operator::VV_CURVE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_vv_curve_to());
            }
            operator::HH_CURVE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_hh_curve_to());
            }
            operator::SHORT_INT => {
                let n = s.read::<i16>().ok_or(OutlineError::ReadOutOfBounds)?;
                p.stack.push(f32::from(n))?;
            }
            operator::CALL_GLOBAL_SUBROUTINE => {
                if p.stack.is_empty() {
                    return Err(OutlineError::InvalidArgumentsStackLength);
                }

                if depth == STACK_LIMIT {
                    return Err(OutlineError::NestingLimitReached);
                }

                let subroutine_bias = calc_subroutine_bias(ctx.metadata.global_subrs.len());
                let index = conv_subroutine_index(p.stack.pop(), subroutine_bias)?;
                let char_string = ctx
                    .metadata
                    .global_subrs
                    .get(index)
                    .ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSubroutineIndex)?;
                _parse_char_string(ctx, char_string, depth + 1, p)?;

                if ctx.has_endchar && !ctx.has_seac {
                    if !s.at_end() {
                        return Err(OutlineError::DataAfterEndChar);
                    }

                    break;
                }
            }
            operator::VH_CURVE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_vh_curve_to());
            }
            operator::HV_CURVE_TO => {
                try_or_endchar!(p.parse_hv_curve_to());
            }
            32..=246 => {
                p.parse_int1(op)?;
            }
            247..=250 => {
                p.parse_int2(op, &mut s)?;
            }
            251..=254 => {
                p.parse_int3(op, &mut s)?;
            }
            operator::FIXED_16_16 => {
                p.parse_fixed(&mut s)?;
            }
        }

        if p.width_only && ctx.width.is_some() {
            break;
        }
    }

    // TODO: 'A charstring subroutine must end with either an endchar or a return operator.'

    Ok(())
}

fn seac_code_to_glyph_id(charset: &Charset<'_>, n: f32) -> Option<GlyphId> {
    let code = u8::try_num_from(n)?;

    let sid = STANDARD_ENCODING[usize::from(code)];
    let sid = StringId(sid);

    match charset {
        Charset::ISOAdobe => {
            // ISO Adobe charset only defines string ids up to 228 (zcaron)
            if code <= 228 {
                Some(GlyphId(sid.0))
            } else {
                None
            }
        }
        Charset::Expert | Charset::ExpertSubset => None,
        _ => charset.sid_to_gid(sid),
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
enum FDSelect<'a> {
    Format0(LazyArray16<'a, u8>),
    Format3(&'a [u8]), // It's easier to parse it in-place.
}

impl Default for FDSelect<'_> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        FDSelect::Format0(LazyArray16::default())
    }
}

impl FDSelect<'_> {
    fn font_dict_index(&self, glyph_id: GlyphId) -> Option<u8> {
        match self {
            FDSelect::Format0(array) => array.get(glyph_id.0),
            FDSelect::Format3(data) => {
                let mut s = Stream::new(data);
                let number_of_ranges = s.read::<u16>()?;
                if number_of_ranges == 0 {
                    return None;
                }

                // 'A sentinel GID follows the last range element and serves
                // to delimit the last range in the array.'
                // So we can simply increase the number of ranges by one.
                let number_of_ranges = number_of_ranges.checked_add(1)?;

                // Range is: GlyphId + u8
                let mut prev_first_glyph = s.read::<GlyphId>()?;
                let mut prev_index = s.read::<u8>()?;
                for _ in 1..number_of_ranges {
                    let curr_first_glyph = s.read::<GlyphId>()?;
                    if (prev_first_glyph..curr_first_glyph).contains(&glyph_id) {
                        return Some(prev_index);
                    } else {
                        prev_index = s.read::<u8>()?;
                    }

                    prev_first_glyph = curr_first_glyph;
                }

                None
            }
        }
    }
}

fn parse_fd_select<'a>(number_of_glyphs: u16, s: &mut Stream<'a>) -> Option<FDSelect<'a>> {
    let format = s.read::<u8>()?;
    match format {
        0 => Some(FDSelect::Format0(s.read_array16::<u8>(number_of_glyphs)?)),
        3 => Some(FDSelect::Format3(s.tail()?)),
        _ => None,
    }
}

fn parse_sid_metadata<'a>(
    data: &'a [u8],
    top_dict: TopDict,
    encoding: Encoding<'a>,
) -> Option<FontKind<'a>> {
    let mut metadata = SIDMetadata {
        encoding,
        ..Default::default()
    };

    let private_dict = if let Some(range) = top_dict.private_dict_range.clone() {
        parse_private_dict(data.get(range)?)
    } else {
        return Some(FontKind::SID(metadata));
    };

    metadata.default_width = private_dict.default_width.unwrap_or(0.0);
    metadata.nominal_width = private_dict.nominal_width.unwrap_or(0.0);

    if let (Some(private_dict_range), Some(subroutines_offset)) = (
        top_dict.private_dict_range,
        private_dict.local_subroutines_offset,
    ) {
        // 'The local subroutines offset is relative to the beginning
        // of the Private DICT data.'
        if let Some(start) = private_dict_range.start.checked_add(subroutines_offset) {
            let data = data.get(start..data.len())?;
            let mut s = Stream::new(data);
            metadata.local_subrs = parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)?;
        }
    }

    Some(FontKind::SID(metadata))
}

fn parse_cid_metadata(
    data: &[u8],
    top_dict: TopDict,
    number_of_glyphs: u16,
) -> Option<FontKind<'_>> {
    let (charset_offset, fd_array_offset, fd_select_offset) = match (
        top_dict.charset_offset,
        top_dict.fd_array_offset,
        top_dict.fd_select_offset,
    ) {
        (Some(a), Some(b), Some(c)) => (a, b, c),
        _ => return None, // charset, FDArray and FDSelect must be set.
    };

    if charset_offset <= charset_id::EXPERT_SUBSET {
        // 'There are no predefined charsets for CID fonts.'
        // Adobe Technical Note #5176, chapter 18 CID-keyed Fonts
        return None;
    }

    let metadata = CIDMetadata {
        fd_array: {
            let mut s = Stream::new_at(data, fd_array_offset)?;
            parse_index::<u16>(&mut s)?
        },
        fd_select: {
            let mut s = Stream::new_at(data, fd_select_offset)?;
            parse_fd_select(number_of_glyphs, &mut s)?
        },
    };

    Some(FontKind::CID(metadata))
}

/// A type-safe wrapper for string ID.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Debug)]
pub(crate) struct StringId(u16);

impl FromData for StringId {
    const SIZE: usize = 2;

    #[inline]
    fn parse(data: &[u8]) -> Option<Self> {
        u16::parse(data).map(StringId)
    }
}

trait IsEven {
    fn is_even(&self) -> bool;
    fn is_odd(&self) -> bool;
}

impl IsEven for usize {
    #[inline]
    fn is_even(&self) -> bool {
        (*self) & 1 == 0
    }

    #[inline]
    fn is_odd(&self) -> bool {
        !self.is_even()
    }
}

fn f32_abs(n: f32) -> f32 {
    n.abs()
}

#[inline]
fn conv_subroutine_index(index: f32, bias: u16) -> Result<u32, OutlineError> {
    conv_subroutine_index_impl(index, bias).ok_or(OutlineError::InvalidSubroutineIndex)
}

#[inline]
fn conv_subroutine_index_impl(index: f32, bias: u16) -> Option<u32> {
    let index = i32::try_num_from(index)?;
    let bias = i32::from(bias);

    let index = index.checked_add(bias)?;
    u32::try_from(index).ok()
}

// Adobe Technical Note #5176, Chapter 16 "Local / Global Subrs INDEXes"
#[inline]
fn calc_subroutine_bias(len: u32) -> u16 {
    if len < 1240 {
        107
    } else if len < 33900 {
        1131
    } else {
        32768
    }
}