oximedia-align 0.1.1

//! Audio-to-video alignment utilities.
//!
//! Provides tools for synchronising audio tracks to video using clap detection,
//! waveform cross-correlation, and drift computation.

use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

/// Method used to achieve audio/video synchronisation.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[allow(dead_code)]
pub enum SyncMethod {
    /// Clapper-board detected in audio.
    Clap,
    /// Timecode embedded in the stream.
    Timecode,
    /// Waveform cross-correlation.
    Waveform,
    /// Manually specified offset.
    Manual,
}

impl std::fmt::Display for SyncMethod {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Self::Clap => write!(f, "Clap"),
            Self::Timecode => write!(f, "Timecode"),
            Self::Waveform => write!(f, "Waveform"),
            Self::Manual => write!(f, "Manual"),
        }
    }
}

/// The result of an audio/video synchronisation analysis.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct AudioVideoSync {
    /// Milliseconds to add to the video presentation time to align it with the
    /// audio.  Negative values mean the video must be shifted earlier.
    pub video_offset_ms: i64,
    /// Confidence in the sync measurement (0.0 – 1.0).
    pub confidence: f64,
    /// The method used to establish synchronisation.
    pub method: SyncMethod,
}

impl AudioVideoSync {
    /// Create a new sync result.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new(video_offset_ms: i64, confidence: f64, method: SyncMethod) -> Self {
        Self {
            video_offset_ms,
            confidence,
            method,
        }
    }

    /// Returns `true` when the sync confidence exceeds the given threshold.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn is_reliable(&self, threshold: f64) -> bool {
        self.confidence >= threshold
    }
}

/// Summary report describing the sync state between audio and video tracks.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct SyncReport {
    /// Duration of the video track in milliseconds.
    pub video_duration_ms: u64,
    /// Duration of the audio track in milliseconds.
    pub audio_duration_ms: u64,
    /// Sync offset at the beginning of the clip (milliseconds).
    pub sync_offset_ms: i64,
    /// Drift in parts-per-million between audio and video clocks.
    pub drift_ppm: f64,
}

impl SyncReport {
    /// Create a new sync report.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn new(
        video_duration_ms: u64,
        audio_duration_ms: u64,
        sync_offset_ms: i64,
        drift_ppm: f64,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            video_duration_ms,
            audio_duration_ms,
            sync_offset_ms,
            drift_ppm,
        }
    }

    /// `true` when the drift magnitude is small enough to be negligible
    /// (less than 1 ppm absolute).
    #[must_use]
    pub fn is_in_sync(&self) -> bool {
        self.drift_ppm.abs() < 1.0
    }

    /// Difference in duration (audio minus video) in milliseconds.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn duration_delta_ms(&self) -> i64 {
        self.audio_duration_ms as i64 - self.video_duration_ms as i64
    }
}

// ── Clap detection ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Detect a sharp transient (clap) in a mono audio stream.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `samples` – Normalised f64 samples in [-1.0, 1.0].
/// * `sample_rate` – Samples per second.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// The timestamp (in milliseconds from the start) of the loudest detected
/// transient, or `None` if the signal is empty or featureless.
#[must_use]
pub fn detect_clap(samples: &[f64], sample_rate: u32) -> Option<u64> {
    if samples.is_empty() || sample_rate == 0 {
        return None;
    }

    let sr = sample_rate as usize;

    // Compute a simple onset strength as the rectified first-order difference
    // between sample absolute values (so-called "spectral flux" on raw samples).
    let window = (sr / 100).max(1); // ~10 ms smoothing window

    // Smooth the absolute signal
    let abs_samples: Vec<f64> = samples.iter().map(|&s| s.abs()).collect();
    let smoothed: Vec<f64> = abs_samples
        .windows(window)
        .map(|w| w.iter().sum::<f64>() / w.len() as f64)
        .collect();

    // Compute first-order difference (onset strength)
    let onset: Vec<f64> = smoothed
        .windows(2)
        .map(|w| (w[1] - w[0]).max(0.0))
        .collect();

    // Find global maximum
    let (best_idx, best_val) = onset
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .max_by(|(_, a), (_, b)| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap_or(std::cmp::Ordering::Equal))?;

    // Require the transient to be significant relative to the smoothing window.
    // A full-scale step across the window produces onset ≈ 1/window, so set the
    // threshold at ~5% of that.
    let min_onset = 0.05 / window as f64;
    if *best_val < min_onset {
        return None;
    }

    // Convert from smoothed-difference index to original sample index
    let sample_idx = best_idx + window; // approximate
    let ms = (sample_idx as u64 * 1000) / u64::from(sample_rate);
    Some(ms)
}

// ── Cross-correlation ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Compute the full (linear) cross-correlation of two f32 arrays.
///
/// The output has length `a.len() + b.len() - 1`.
/// The centre element (index `b.len() - 1`) corresponds to zero lag.
#[must_use]
pub fn cross_correlate_waveforms(a: &[f32], b: &[f32]) -> Vec<f32> {
    if a.is_empty() || b.is_empty() {
        return Vec::new();
    }

    let len = a.len() + b.len() - 1;
    let mut result = vec![0.0_f32; len];

    // Cross-correlation: corr[lag] = sum_n a[n] * b[n - lag + (b.len()-1)]
    // lag index in [0, len-1], where index b.len()-1 is zero-lag
    for (i, &ai) in a.iter().enumerate() {
        for (j, &bj) in b.iter().enumerate() {
            // lag_index = j - i + (b.len() - 1)  [corr[lag] = sum_n a[n]*b[n+lag]]
            let lag_index = j as isize - i as isize + (b.len() as isize - 1);
            if lag_index >= 0 && (lag_index as usize) < len {
                result[lag_index as usize] += ai * bj;
            }
        }
    }

    result
}

/// Find the lag (in samples) at which two waveforms are best aligned.
///
/// Returns the lag `d` such that shifting `b` by `d` samples aligns it with
/// `a`.  Positive `d` means `b` starts later than `a`.
///
/// Returns 0 when either slice is empty.
#[must_use]
pub fn find_max_correlation_offset(a: &[f32], b: &[f32]) -> i32 {
    if a.is_empty() || b.is_empty() {
        return 0;
    }

    let corr = cross_correlate_waveforms(a, b);

    // Peak index in the correlation vector
    let peak_idx = corr
        .iter()
        .enumerate()
        .max_by(|(_, x), (_, y)| x.partial_cmp(y).unwrap_or(std::cmp::Ordering::Equal))
        .map_or(0, |(i, _)| i);

    // The zero-lag index in the full cross-correlation is `b.len() - 1`
    let zero_lag = (b.len() as i32) - 1;
    peak_idx as i32 - zero_lag
}

// ── Drift computation ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Compute the clock drift between audio and video in parts-per-million.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `start_offset_ms` – Sync offset measured at the beginning of the clip.
/// * `end_offset_ms` – Sync offset measured at the end of the clip.
/// * `duration_ms` – Duration of the clip in milliseconds.
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Drift in ppm.  A positive value means the audio clock runs faster than the
/// video clock.  Returns 0.0 when `duration_ms` is zero.
#[must_use]
pub fn compute_drift(start_offset_ms: i64, end_offset_ms: i64, duration_ms: u64) -> f64 {
    if duration_ms == 0 {
        return 0.0;
    }

    let delta_ms = (end_offset_ms - start_offset_ms) as f64;
    (delta_ms / duration_ms as f64) * 1_000_000.0
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    // ── SyncMethod ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_sync_method_display() {
        assert_eq!(SyncMethod::Clap.to_string(), "Clap");
        assert_eq!(SyncMethod::Timecode.to_string(), "Timecode");
        assert_eq!(SyncMethod::Waveform.to_string(), "Waveform");
        assert_eq!(SyncMethod::Manual.to_string(), "Manual");
    }

    // ── AudioVideoSync ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_audio_video_sync_is_reliable_pass() {
        let sync = AudioVideoSync::new(100, 0.9, SyncMethod::Clap);
        assert!(sync.is_reliable(0.8));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_audio_video_sync_is_reliable_fail() {
        let sync = AudioVideoSync::new(100, 0.5, SyncMethod::Waveform);
        assert!(!sync.is_reliable(0.8));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_audio_video_sync_fields() {
        let sync = AudioVideoSync::new(-250, 0.75, SyncMethod::Timecode);
        assert_eq!(sync.video_offset_ms, -250);
        assert_eq!(sync.method, SyncMethod::Timecode);
    }

    // ── SyncReport ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_sync_report_duration_delta() {
        let r = SyncReport::new(60_000, 60_033, 0, 0.55);
        assert_eq!(r.duration_delta_ms(), 33);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_sync_report_is_in_sync_true() {
        let r = SyncReport::new(60_000, 60_000, 0, 0.1);
        assert!(r.is_in_sync());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_sync_report_is_in_sync_false() {
        let r = SyncReport::new(60_000, 60_000, 0, 5.0);
        assert!(!r.is_in_sync());
    }

    // ── detect_clap ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_clap_empty() {
        assert!(detect_clap(&[], 48000).is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_clap_zero_sample_rate() {
        let samples = vec![0.0_f64; 100];
        assert!(detect_clap(&samples, 0).is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_clap_silent_signal() {
        let samples = vec![0.0_f64; 48000];
        // Silent signal – no significant transient
        assert!(detect_clap(&samples, 48000).is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_clap_finds_transient() {
        // Place a wide transient spike at 1 second (~500 samples = ~10 ms)
        let mut samples = vec![0.01_f64; 48000 * 2];
        for i in 0..500 {
            samples[48000 + i] = 1.0;
        }
        let ts = detect_clap(&samples, 48000);
        assert!(ts.is_some());
        let ms = ts.expect("ms should be valid");
        // Expect roughly around 1000 ms (within ±200 ms to account for smoothing)
        assert!(ms > 800 && ms < 1300, "timestamp={ms}");
    }

    // ── cross_correlate_waveforms ─────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_cross_correlate_empty() {
        assert!(cross_correlate_waveforms(&[], &[1.0]).is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cross_correlate_output_length() {
        let a = vec![1.0_f32; 5];
        let b = vec![1.0_f32; 3];
        let corr = cross_correlate_waveforms(&a, &b);
        assert_eq!(corr.len(), 7); // 5 + 3 - 1
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_cross_correlate_identical_unit_impulse() {
        let a = vec![0.0_f32, 1.0, 0.0];
        let b = vec![0.0_f32, 1.0, 0.0];
        let corr = cross_correlate_waveforms(&a, &b);
        // Peak should be at index b.len()-1 = 2 (zero-lag)
        let peak = corr
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
            .max_by(|(_, x), (_, y)| x.partial_cmp(y).expect("partial_cmp should succeed"))
            .expect("test expectation failed");
        assert_eq!(peak.0, 2);
    }

    // ── find_max_correlation_offset ───────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_find_max_correlation_offset_zero_lag() {
        let a = vec![0.0_f32, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0];
        let b = vec![0.0_f32, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0];
        let lag = find_max_correlation_offset(&a, &b);
        assert_eq!(lag, 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_find_max_correlation_offset_shifted() {
        // b = a shifted right by 2 samples
        let a = vec![0.0_f32, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0];
        let b = vec![0.0_f32, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0];
        let lag = find_max_correlation_offset(&a, &b);
        // b is 2 samples ahead of where we need it → lag should be +2
        assert_eq!(lag, 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_find_max_correlation_offset_empty() {
        assert_eq!(find_max_correlation_offset(&[], &[]), 0);
    }

    // ── compute_drift ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

    #[test]
    fn test_compute_drift_zero_duration() {
        assert_eq!(compute_drift(0, 100, 0), 0.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compute_drift_no_drift() {
        assert_eq!(compute_drift(50, 50, 60_000), 0.0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compute_drift_known_value() {
        // 100 ms drift over 100_000 ms = 1000 ppm
        let ppm = compute_drift(0, 100, 100_000);
        assert!((ppm - 1000.0).abs() < 1e-6, "ppm={ppm}");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_compute_drift_negative() {
        let ppm = compute_drift(100, 0, 100_000);
        assert!((ppm + 1000.0).abs() < 1e-6, "ppm={ppm}");
    }
}