odem-rs-core 0.3.0

//! This module is about preparing the simulation library for the execution of
//! a simulation model, defining traits and a default configuration for
//! specifying various data types and constants.
//!
//! Our library abstracts from concrete types and initial values for model time,
//! priority, and shared data, which requires the user to specify these
//! properties before any simulation model may be executed. To make this as
//! painless as possible, we employ the builder-pattern to construct a
//! configuration that is automatically passed down to the various constructors
//! for the model elements.
//!
//! ## `Config` Trait
//!
//! The [`Config`] trait is used to configure the simulation model and includes
//! the following associated types:
//!
//! - `Time`: Type for the model time. It is required to be copyable, partially
//!   ordered, and have a debug representation. It cannot be self-referential.
//! - `Rank`: Type used to prioritize pucks scheduled at the same model time,
//!   required to be copyable, totally ordered, and have a debug representation.
//!   It can also not be self-referential.
//! - `Data`: User-defined globally shared data type, intended for statistical
//!   aggregators, shared random number generators, or any data accessible from
//!   anywhere in the simulation model.
//! - `Plan`: Type of the continuation calendar, implementing the `Scheduler`
//!   trait for this configuration.
//!
//! Additionally, the `Config` trait includes methods to retrieve default values
//! for simulation start time, default rank for agents, and a reference to
//! globally shared data.
//!
//! ## `Time` Trait
//!
//! The [`Time`] trait encapsulates traits needed for the model-time type in a
//! configuration, including being `Unpin`, `PartialOrd`, `Copy`, and `Debug`.
//! It provides a default implementation for displaying time in a human-readable
//! format.
//!
//! ## `Rank` Trait
//!
//! The [`Rank`] trait encapsulates traits needed for the rank-type in a
//! configuration, including being `Unpin`, `Ord`, `Copy`, and `Debug`.
//! A blanket implementation is provided for all types meeting those criteria.
//!
//! ## Default Configuration
//!
//! The empty tuple `()` implements the simulation configuration used by
//! default. It uses `f64` for the model time with an initial value of `0.0`, an
//! empty tuple for rank, and no additional data.

use crate::calendar::{DefaultPlan, Scheduler};
use core::{any::Any, fmt, marker::PhantomData};

#[doc(inline)]
pub use odem_rs_meta::Config;

/* ************************* Configuration Traits *************************** */

/// Trait used to configure the various data types and constants used in a
/// simulation model.
pub trait Config: 'static {
	/// The type used for the model time.
	type Time: Time;
	/// The type used to prioritize pucks that are scheduled at the same
	/// model time.
	type Rank: Rank;
	/// User-defined, globally shared data type.
	///
	/// It is intended to be used for injecting statistical aggregators and
	/// shared random number generators but can be used whenever you would
	/// like to access some data from anywhere in the simulation model.
	/// Only one copy of this data exists during a simulation-run.
	type Data: Any;
	/// The type of the continuation calendar which has to implement the
	/// `Scheduler` trait for this configuration.
	///
	/// # Note
	///
	/// The `Scheduler`-trait is not yet part of the public API due to
	/// instability. The only valid choice at this point is [`DefaultPlan`].
	type Plan: Scheduler<Config = Self>;

	/// Returns the start or default time of the simulation.
	fn default_time(&self) -> Self::Time;

	/// Returns the default rank for agents in the simulation.
	fn default_rank(&self) -> Self::Rank;

	/// Returns a reference to the globally shared data during a simulation run.
	fn global_data(&self) -> &Self::Data;
}

/// Helper trait that encapsulates all the traits needed for the model-time
/// type of [configuration](Config).
pub trait Time: Unpin + PartialOrd + Copy + fmt::Debug + 'static {
	/// Formats the time in human-readable format.
	///
	/// Uses the debug implementation by default but can be overridden with
	/// a more suitable representation.
	fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		fmt::Debug::fmt(&self, f)
	}

	/// Displays the time in human-readable format using the [`format`]-method.
	///
	/// [`format`]: Self::format
	fn display(self) -> DisplayTime<Self> {
		DisplayTime(self)
	}
}

/// Helper trait that encapsulates all the traits needed for the rank-type
/// of a [configuration](Config).
pub trait Rank: Unpin + Ord + Copy + fmt::Debug + 'static {}

// blanket-implementation for all the right types
impl<R> Rank for R where R: Unpin + Ord + Copy + fmt::Debug + 'static {}

/* **************************************************** Default Configuration */

impl Config for () {
	type Time = f64;
	type Rank = ();
	type Data = ();
	type Plan = DefaultPlan<()>;

	fn default_time(&self) -> Self::Time {
		0.0
	}

	fn default_rank(&self) -> Self::Rank {}

	fn global_data(&self) -> &Self::Data {
		self
	}
}

/* ****************************************************** Built-In Time Types */

/// Implements [`Display`] by referring to [`Time::format`].
///
/// [`Display`]: fmt::Display
pub struct DisplayTime<T>(pub T);

impl<T: Time> fmt::Debug for DisplayTime<T> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.0.format(f)
	}
}

impl<T: Time> fmt::Display for DisplayTime<T> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.0.format(f)
	}
}

macro_rules! impl_signed_integral_time {
	($($T:ty),* $(,)?) => {$(
		impl Time for $T {
			fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
				use fmt::Display;
				if f.alternate() {
					Display::fmt(&ClockTime::seconds(*self as isize), f)
				} else {
					Display::fmt(self, f)
				}
			}
		}
	)*};
}

impl_signed_integral_time!(i8, i16, i32, i64, i128, isize);

macro_rules! impl_unsigned_integral_time {
	($($T:ty),* $(,)?) => {$(
		impl Time for $T {
			fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
				use fmt::Display;
				if f.alternate() {
					Display::fmt(&Seconds(*self as usize), f)
				} else {
					Display::fmt(self, f)
				}
			}
		}
	)*};
}

impl_unsigned_integral_time!(u8, u16, u32, u64, u128, usize);

macro_rules! impl_floating_time {
	($($T:ty),* $(,)?) => {$(
		impl Time for $T {
			fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
				use fmt::Display;
				if f.alternate() {
					match f.precision() {
						None | Some(0) => Display::fmt(&ClockTime::seconds(*self as isize), f),
						Some(1) => Display::fmt(&ClockTime::milliseconds((*self * 1e+3) as isize), f),
						Some(2) => Display::fmt(&ClockTime::microseconds((*self * 1e+6) as isize), f),
						_ => Display::fmt(&ClockTime::nanoseconds((*self * 1e+9) as isize), f),
					}
				} else {
					Display::fmt(self, f)
				}
			}
		}
	)*};
}

impl_floating_time!(f32, f64);

impl Time for () {}

/* **************************************************** Normalized Model Time */

/// Helper for displaying normalized model-time in digital-clock-format.
#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
pub struct ClockTime<U> {
	/// The value-part of the time.
	value: isize,
	/// Indicator of the unit of time.
	_unit: PhantomData<U>,
}

impl ClockTime<()> {
	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in nanoseconds.
	pub const fn nanoseconds(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Nanoseconds> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in microseconds.
	pub const fn microseconds(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Microseconds> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in milliseconds.
	pub const fn milliseconds(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Milliseconds> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in seconds.
	pub const fn seconds(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Seconds> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in minutes.
	pub const fn minutes(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Minutes> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in hours.
	pub const fn hours(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Hours> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in days.
	pub const fn days(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Days> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}

	/// Constructs a [displayable](fmt::Display) clock time in years.
	pub const fn years(value: isize) -> impl fmt::Display {
		ClockTime::<Years> {
			value,
			_unit: PhantomData,
		}
	}
}

impl<U> ClockTime<U> {
	/// Private method that prints the time's sign.
	fn write_sign(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		if self.value < 0 {
			write!(f, "-")
		} else if f.sign_plus() {
			write!(f, "+")
		} else {
			Ok(())
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Years> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Years(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Days> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Days(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Hours> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Hours(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Minutes> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Minutes(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Seconds> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Seconds(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Milliseconds> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Milliseconds(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Microseconds> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Microseconds(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for ClockTime<Nanoseconds> {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		self.write_sign(f)?;
		Nanoseconds(self.value.unsigned_abs()).fmt(f)
	}
}

/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in nanoseconds', i.e., 10^(-9) seconds.
struct Nanoseconds(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in microseconds', i.e., 10^(-6) seconds.
struct Microseconds(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in milliseconds', i.e., 10^(-3) seconds.
struct Milliseconds(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in seconds'.
struct Seconds(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in minutes'.
struct Minutes(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in hours'.
struct Hours(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in days'.
struct Days(usize);
/// Marks the inner quantity as 'in years'.
struct Years(usize);

impl fmt::Display for Years {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		if self.0 != 0 || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
			write!(f, "{}a", self.0)
		} else {
			f.write_str("  ")
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Days {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;
		let mut p;

		if {
			p = quantity >= 365;
			p
		} || f.width().map(|w| w > 5).unwrap_or(false)
		{
			Years(quantity / 365).fmt(f)?;
			f.write_str(" ")?;
		}

		if quantity >= 7 || f.width().map(|w| w > 4).unwrap_or(false) {
			quantity %= 365;

			p |= quantity >= 7;
			if p || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
				write!(f, "{:2}w ", quantity / 7)?;
			} else {
				f.write_str("    ")?;
			}

			quantity %= 7;
		}

		if p || quantity != 0 || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
			write!(f, "{quantity}d")
		} else {
			f.write_str("  ")
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Hours {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;
		let p;

		if {
			p = quantity >= 24;
			p
		} || f.width().map(|w| w > 3).unwrap_or(false)
		{
			Days(quantity / 24).fmt(f)?;
			quantity %= 24;
			f.write_str(" ")?;
		}

		if p || quantity != 0 || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
			write!(f, "{quantity:02}h")
		} else {
			f.write_str("   ")
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Minutes {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;
		let p;

		if {
			p = quantity >= 60;
			p
		} || f.width().map(|w| w > 2).unwrap_or(false)
		{
			Hours(quantity / 60).fmt(f)?;
			quantity %= 60;
			f.write_str(" ")?;
		}

		if p || quantity != 0 || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
			write!(f, "{quantity:02}m")
		} else {
			f.write_str("   ")
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Seconds {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;
		let p;

		if {
			p = quantity >= 60;
			p
		} || f.width().map(|w| w > 1).unwrap_or(false)
		{
			Minutes(quantity / 60).fmt(f)?;
			quantity %= 60;
			f.write_str(" ")?;
		}

		if p || quantity != 0 || f.sign_aware_zero_pad() {
			write!(f, "{quantity:02}s")
		} else {
			f.write_str(" 0s")
		}
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Milliseconds {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;

		Seconds(quantity / 1000).fmt(f)?;
		quantity %= 1000;
		write!(f, " {quantity:03}ms")
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Microseconds {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;

		Milliseconds(quantity / 1000).fmt(f)?;
		quantity %= 1000;
		write!(f, " {quantity:03}µs")
	}
}

impl fmt::Display for Nanoseconds {
	fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
		let mut quantity = self.0;

		Microseconds(quantity / 1000).fmt(f)?;
		quantity %= 1000;
		write!(f, " {quantity:03}ns")
	}
}

/* ****************************************************** Optional Time Types */

// support si time quantities as model time
#[cfg(feature = "uom")]
#[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "uom")))]
mod uom {
	use super::{ClockTime, Time};
	use core::fmt;
	use uom::{
		Conversion,
		fmt::DisplayStyle,
		num_traits::{AsPrimitive, Num},
		si::{Units, time},
	};

	impl<U, V> Time for time::Time<U, V>
	where
		U: Units<V> + ?Sized + 'static,
		V: Conversion<V>
			+ Num
			+ PartialOrd
			+ PartialEq
			+ AsPrimitive<isize>
			+ fmt::Debug
			+ fmt::Display
			+ Unpin
			+ 'static,
		time::second: Conversion<V, T = V::T>,
		time::millisecond: Conversion<V, T = V::T>,
		time::microsecond: Conversion<V, T = V::T>,
		time::nanosecond: Conversion<V, T = V::T>,
	{
		fn format(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
			use fmt::Display;

			if f.alternate() {
				// switch to a wall-clock-format for the alternative format
				match f.precision() {
					None | Some(0) => ClockTime::seconds(self.get::<time::second>().as_()).fmt(f),
					Some(1) => {
						ClockTime::milliseconds(self.get::<time::millisecond>().as_()).fmt(f)
					}
					Some(2) => {
						ClockTime::microseconds(self.get::<time::microsecond>().as_()).fmt(f)
					}
					_ => ClockTime::nanoseconds(self.get::<time::nanosecond>().as_()).fmt(f),
				}
			} else {
				// use the abbreviated format by default
				self.into_format_args(time::second, DisplayStyle::Abbreviation)
					.fmt(f)
			}
		}
	}
}