Enum Value 

pub enum Value {
    Undef,
    Bool(bool),
    Int(i64),
    Float(f64),
    Str(Arc<String>),
    Array(Arc<Vec<Value>>),
    Hash(HashMap<String, Value>),
    Status(i32),
    Ref(Box<Value>),
    NativeFn(u16),
    Obj(u32),
}

Core value type — what lives on the stack and in variables.

Designed to be small (1 word tag + 1-2 words payload) so the dispatch loop stays cache-friendly.

Variants

Undef

No value / uninitialized

Bool(bool)

Boolean (from conditionals, [[ ]], etc.)

Int(i64)

64-bit signed integer

Float(f64)

64-bit float

Str(Arc<String>)

Heap-allocated string (Arc for cheap clone in closures)

Array(Arc<Vec<Value>>)

Ordered array of values.

The payload is Arc<Vec<Value>> so cloning a Value — which the VM does on every stack push, slot read, and global read — is a refcount bump instead of a deep copy of the whole sequence. With a bare Vec any per-element loop that re-loads the container (seq[i] lowered as “load the collection, then index it”) was O(n) per iteration and so O(n²) overall.

Semantics are unchanged: arrays are still values, not references. Every mutation site goes through Value::array_mut / Arc::make_mut, which copies when the buffer is shared, so a clone taken before a mutation never observes that mutation. Copy-on-write is observationally identical to the previous eager deep clone; it just defers the copy to the writes, which are rare, from the reads, which are the hot path.

Construct with Value::array rather than the variant directly.

Hash(HashMap<String, Value>)

Key-value associative array

Status(i32)

Exit status code (shell-specific but universal enough)

Ref(Box<Value>)

Reference to another value (for pass-by-reference, nested structures)

NativeFn(u16)

Native function pointer (builtin dispatch)

Obj(u32)

Opaque handle into a frontend object heap (e.g. elisp cons/symbol/vector cells). The frontend’s extension handler/host owns the pointed-to object; fusevm just carries the handle through the stack, slots, and globals. Identity-comparable (the handle is the identity), which is what elisp eq/setcar need and Array could not provide.

Implementations

impl Value

pub fn int(n: i64) -> Value

Construct an integer Value::Int(n).

pub fn float(f: f64) -> Value

Construct a float Value::Float(f).

pub fn str(s: impl Into<String>) -> Value

Construct a string Value::Str from any type that converts to String. The payload is wrapped in Arc so clones are cheap.

pub fn bool(b: bool) -> Value

Construct a boolean Value::Bool(b).

pub fn array(v: Vec<Value>) -> Value

Construct an array Value::Array(v). The payload is wrapped in Arc so subsequent clones of the Value are refcount bumps.

pub fn as_array(&self) -> Option<&Vec<Value>>

Borrow the elements of a Value::Array, or None for any other variant. Read-only; never copies.

pub fn array_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut Vec<Value>>

Mutable access to the elements of a Value::Array, copying the buffer first if it is shared with another Value (copy-on-write). Returns None for any other variant.

This is the only sanctioned way to mutate an array in place. Going around it — e.g. Arc::get_mut — would let a mutation become visible through a clone taken earlier and break the value semantics every frontend relies on.

pub fn into_array(self) -> Option<Vec<Value>>

Take the elements of a Value::Array by value, avoiding the copy when this is the only owner of the buffer. None for any other variant.

pub fn hash(m: HashMap<String, Value>) -> Value

Construct a hash Value::Hash(m).

pub fn status(code: i32) -> Value

Construct a Value::Status(code) — used for $? / pipeline-exit values so a numeric exit code stays distinguishable from plain Value::Int(n) in is_truthy / display logic.

pub fn is_truthy(&self) -> bool

Truthiness: 0, 0.0, “”, undef, empty array/hash are false.

pub fn to_int(&self) -> i64

Coerce to i64.

pub fn to_float(&self) -> f64

Coerce to f64.

pub fn to_str(&self) -> String

Coerce to string.

pub fn as_str_cow(&self) -> Cow<'_, str>

Coerce to string, borrowing when possible to avoid allocation. Returns Cow::Borrowed for Str, Undef, Bool, Hash, Ref variants.

pub fn len(&self) -> usize

String length or array length or hash size.

pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool

len() == 0 shorthand — clippy requires this when len is pub.

Trait Implementations

impl Clone for Value

fn clone(&self) -> Value

Returns a duplicate of the value.

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source.

impl Debug for Value

fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter.

impl Default for Value

fn default() -> Value

Returns the “default value” for a type.

impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Value

fn deserialize<__D>( __deserializer: __D, ) -> Result<Value, <__D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>

where __D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer.

impl Hash for Value

fn hash<H>(&self, state: &mut H)

where H: Hasher,

Feeds this value into the given Hasher.

fn hash_slice<H>(data: &[Self], state: &mut H)

where H: Hasher, Self: Sized,

Feeds a slice of this type into the given Hasher.

impl PartialEq for Value

fn eq(&self, other: &Value) -> bool

Equality operator ==.

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Inequality operator !=.

impl Serialize for Value

fn serialize<__S>( &self, __serializer: __S, ) -> Result<<__S as Serializer>::Ok, <__S as Serializer>::Error>

where __S: Serializer,

Serialize this value into the given Serde serializer.

impl StructuralPartialEq for Value