nexus-async-rt 0.7.0

Experimental single-threaded async executor (reference implementation; tokio is the supported path for production use)
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
//! Async TCP stream, listener, and pre-bind socket configuration.
//!
//! Wraps mio's TCP types with the runtime's IO driver for readiness-based
//! async IO. Sockets register with mio lazily on first poll — the task
//! pointer comes from the `Context`'s waker.
//!
//! # Split
//!
//! [`TcpStream::split`] borrows the stream into separate read/write halves
//! for concurrent IO within a single task. [`TcpStream::into_split`]
//! consumes the stream into owned halves that can be moved to different
//! tasks.

use std::io::{self, Read, Write};
use std::net::SocketAddr;
use std::os::fd::{AsFd, AsRawFd, BorrowedFd, FromRawFd, RawFd};
use std::pin::Pin;
use std::task::{Context, Poll, Waker};
use std::time::Duration;

use mio::{Interest, Token};

use super::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite, waker_to_ptr};
use crate::io::IoHandle;

// =============================================================================
// TcpStream
// =============================================================================

/// Async TCP stream backed by mio.
///
/// Created via [`TcpListener::accept`], [`TcpStream::connect`], or
/// [`TcpSocket::connect`]. Implements [`AsyncRead`] and [`AsyncWrite`].
///
/// The stream registers with mio lazily on the first read or write.
/// Uses edge-triggered epoll — registration happens once and persists.
pub struct TcpStream {
    inner: mio::net::TcpStream,
    io: IoHandle,
    token: Option<Token>,
    /// Task pointer from the last registration. Used to detect when the
    /// stream moves to a different task (e.g., via `into_split`) and
    /// reregister with the IO driver to wake the correct task.
    registered_task: *mut u8,
}

impl TcpStream {
    /// Wrap a mio TcpStream. Registration deferred to first poll.
    pub(crate) fn new(inner: mio::net::TcpStream, io: IoHandle) -> Self {
        Self {
            inner,
            io,
            token: None,
            registered_task: std::ptr::null_mut(),
        }
    }

    /// Initiate an async TCP connection to `addr`.
    ///
    /// The connection completes asynchronously. The first read or write
    /// will register with mio and detect when the connection is
    /// established.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a [`Runtime::block_on`](crate::Runtime::block_on)
    /// context — fetches the runtime's [`IoHandle`] internally.
    pub fn connect(addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = mio::net::TcpStream::connect(addr)?;
        Ok(Self::new(inner, IoHandle::current()))
    }

    /// Convert from a `std::net::TcpStream`.
    ///
    /// The stream must be set to non-blocking mode before calling this.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a runtime context.
    pub fn from_std(stream: std::net::TcpStream) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = mio::net::TcpStream::from_std(stream);
        Ok(Self::new(inner, IoHandle::current()))
    }

    /// Convert into a `std::net::TcpStream`.
    ///
    /// Deregisters from mio. The returned stream is still non-blocking.
    pub fn into_std(mut self) -> io::Result<std::net::TcpStream> {
        if let Some(token) = self.token.take() {
            // SAFETY: IoHandle valid (Runtime lifetime).
            let _ = unsafe { self.io.deregister(&mut self.inner, token) };
        }
        let fd = self.inner.as_raw_fd();
        std::mem::forget(self); // skip Drop (already deregistered)
        // SAFETY: fd is valid, we own it.
        Ok(unsafe { std::net::TcpStream::from_raw_fd(fd) })
    }

    // =========================================================================
    // Address
    // =========================================================================

    /// Returns the local address of this stream.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.inner.local_addr()
    }

    /// Returns the remote address of this stream.
    pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.inner.peer_addr()
    }

    // =========================================================================
    // Socket options (via socket2)
    // =========================================================================

    /// Helper: get a socket2::Socket reference for option access.
    fn socket_ref(&self) -> socket2::SockRef<'_> {
        socket2::SockRef::from(&self.inner)
    }

    /// Get TCP_NODELAY.
    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.inner.nodelay()
    }

    /// Set TCP_NODELAY (disable Nagle's algorithm).
    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_nodelay(nodelay)
    }

    /// Get IP_TTL.
    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
        self.socket_ref().ttl()
    }

    /// Set IP_TTL.
    pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.socket_ref().set_ttl(ttl)
    }

    /// Get SO_LINGER.
    pub fn linger(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
        self.socket_ref().linger()
    }

    /// Set SO_LINGER.
    pub fn set_linger(&self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.socket_ref().set_linger(duration)
    }

    /// Get SO_KEEPALIVE.
    pub fn keepalive(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.socket_ref().keepalive()
    }

    /// Set SO_KEEPALIVE.
    pub fn set_keepalive(&self, keepalive: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.socket_ref().set_keepalive(keepalive)
    }

    /// Get SO_SNDBUF.
    pub fn send_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.socket_ref().send_buffer_size()
    }

    /// Set SO_SNDBUF.
    pub fn set_send_buffer_size(&self, size: usize) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.socket_ref().set_send_buffer_size(size)
    }

    /// Get SO_RCVBUF.
    pub fn recv_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.socket_ref().recv_buffer_size()
    }

    /// Set SO_RCVBUF.
    pub fn set_recv_buffer_size(&self, size: usize) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.socket_ref().set_recv_buffer_size(size)
    }

    /// Get SO_ERROR and clear it.
    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
        self.socket_ref().take_error()
    }

    // =========================================================================
    // Non-blocking try methods (no context needed)
    // =========================================================================

    /// Try to read without blocking. Returns `WouldBlock` if not ready.
    pub fn try_read(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.inner).read(buf)
    }

    /// Try to write without blocking. Returns `WouldBlock` if not ready.
    pub fn try_write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        (&self.inner).write(buf)
    }

    /// Read without consuming from the buffer (MSG_PEEK).
    pub fn peek(&self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        // SAFETY: u8 and MaybeUninit<u8> have the same layout.
        let buf = unsafe { &mut *(buf as *mut [u8] as *mut [std::mem::MaybeUninit<u8>]) };
        self.socket_ref().peek(buf)
    }

    // =========================================================================
    // Async convenience methods
    // =========================================================================

    /// Read bytes from the stream. Returns when at least 1 byte is read
    /// or EOF (0 bytes).
    pub async fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        std::future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut *self).poll_read(cx, buf)).await
    }

    /// Write bytes to the stream. Returns when at least 1 byte is written.
    pub async fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
        std::future::poll_fn(|cx| Pin::new(&mut *self).poll_write(cx, buf)).await
    }

    /// Write all bytes to the stream.
    pub async fn write_all(&mut self, mut buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
        while !buf.is_empty() {
            let n = self.write(buf).await?;
            if n == 0 {
                return Err(io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::WriteZero,
                    "failed to write whole buffer",
                ));
            }
            buf = &buf[n..];
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Poll for read readiness without performing IO.
    ///
    /// Returns `Ready(Ok(()))` if the socket has been reported readable
    /// by epoll. Returns `Pending` if not yet ready. Use this for
    /// sans-IO codecs that want to check readiness before feeding bytes.
    pub fn poll_read_ready(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        if let Err(e) = self.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            if self.io.readiness(token).readable {
                return Poll::Ready(Ok(()));
            }
        }
        Poll::Pending
    }

    /// Poll for write readiness without performing IO.
    pub fn poll_write_ready(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        if let Err(e) = self.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            if self.io.readiness(token).writable {
                return Poll::Ready(Ok(()));
            }
        }
        Poll::Pending
    }

    /// Wait until the stream is readable.
    ///
    /// Returns when epoll reports the socket as readable. After this
    /// returns, [`try_read`](Self::try_read) should succeed.
    pub async fn readable(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
        std::future::poll_fn(|cx| self.poll_read_ready(cx)).await
    }

    /// Wait until the stream is writable.
    pub async fn writable(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
        std::future::poll_fn(|cx| self.poll_write_ready(cx)).await
    }

    // Note: after a successful read or WouldBlock, the readable flag is
    // Correctly implementing them requires tracking readiness state from
    // epoll events (like tokio's internal readiness tracking). Zero-length
    // reads/writes don't reliably probe socket readiness on Linux.
    // Use poll_read/poll_write or try_read/try_write instead.

    // =========================================================================
    // Split
    // =========================================================================

    /// Split into borrowed read and write halves.
    ///
    /// Both halves borrow the stream — they can be used concurrently
    /// within a single task but cannot be moved to different tasks.
    pub fn split(&mut self) -> (ReadHalf<'_>, WriteHalf<'_>) {
        let ptr = std::ptr::from_mut(self);
        (
            ReadHalf {
                stream: ptr,
                _marker: std::marker::PhantomData,
            },
            WriteHalf {
                stream: ptr,
                _marker: std::marker::PhantomData,
            },
        )
    }

    /// Split into owned read and write halves.
    ///
    /// The halves can be moved to different spawned tasks on the same
    /// single-threaded runtime (`!Send` — not across threads). The IO
    /// driver automatically updates the task pointer when a half is
    /// polled from a different task. Use [`OwnedReadHalf::reunite`]
    /// to reassemble the stream.
    pub fn into_split(self) -> (OwnedReadHalf, OwnedWriteHalf) {
        use std::rc::Rc;
        let shared = Rc::new(std::cell::UnsafeCell::new(self));
        (
            OwnedReadHalf {
                stream: Rc::clone(&shared),
            },
            OwnedWriteHalf { stream: shared },
        )
    }

    // =========================================================================
    // Registration (internal)
    // =========================================================================

    /// Ensure registered with mio and the correct task waker.
    ///
    /// First call: registers with mio. Subsequent calls: checks if the
    /// task pointer changed (stream moved to a different task via
    /// `into_split`). If so, updates the IO driver's waker.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn ensure_registered(&mut self, cx: &Context<'_>) -> io::Result<()> {
        let task_ptr = waker_to_ptr(cx);
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            // Already registered — check if task changed.
            if task_ptr != self.registered_task {
                self.io.set_waker(token, cx.waker().clone());
                self.registered_task = task_ptr;
            }
            return Ok(());
        }
        self.do_register(task_ptr, cx.waker().clone())
    }

    #[cold]
    fn do_register(&mut self, task_ptr: *mut u8, waker: Waker) -> io::Result<()> {
        let interest = Interest::READABLE | Interest::WRITABLE;
        let token = self.io.register(&mut self.inner, interest, waker)?;
        self.token = Some(token);
        self.registered_task = task_ptr;
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl AsyncRead for TcpStream {
    fn poll_read(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &mut [u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        if let Err(e) = this.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        match this.inner.read(buf) {
            Ok(n) => Poll::Ready(Ok(n)),
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => {
                // Clear readable — wait for next epoll notification.
                if let Some(token) = this.token {
                    this.io.clear_readable(token);
                }
                Poll::Pending
            }
            Err(e) => Poll::Ready(Err(e)),
        }
    }
}

impl AsyncWrite for TcpStream {
    fn poll_write(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &[u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        if let Err(e) = this.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        match this.inner.write(buf) {
            Ok(n) => Poll::Ready(Ok(n)),
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => {
                if let Some(token) = this.token {
                    this.io.clear_writable(token);
                }
                Poll::Pending
            }
            Err(e) => Poll::Ready(Err(e)),
        }
    }

    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        if let Err(e) = this.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        match this.inner.flush() {
            Ok(()) => Poll::Ready(Ok(())),
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => {
                if let Some(token) = this.token {
                    this.io.clear_writable(token);
                }
                Poll::Pending
            }
            Err(e) => Poll::Ready(Err(e)),
        }
    }

    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, _cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        match this.inner.shutdown(std::net::Shutdown::Write) {
            Ok(()) => Poll::Ready(Ok(())),
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotConnected => Poll::Ready(Ok(())),
            Err(e) => Poll::Ready(Err(e)),
        }
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for TcpStream {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("TcpStream")
            .field("fd", &self.inner.as_raw_fd())
            .field("registered", &self.token.is_some())
            .finish()
    }
}

impl AsFd for TcpStream {
    fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_> {
        self.inner.as_fd()
    }
}

impl AsRawFd for TcpStream {
    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
        self.inner.as_raw_fd()
    }
}

impl Drop for TcpStream {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            // SAFETY: IoHandle valid (Runtime lifetime).
            let _ = unsafe { self.io.deregister(&mut self.inner, token) };
        }
    }
}

// =============================================================================
// ReadHalf / WriteHalf (borrowed split)
// =============================================================================

/// Borrowed read half of a [`TcpStream`].
///
/// Created by [`TcpStream::split`]. Borrows the stream — cannot be moved
/// to a different task. Implements [`AsyncRead`].
pub struct ReadHalf<'a> {
    stream: *mut TcpStream,
    // Tie lifetime to the borrow of the stream.
    _marker: std::marker::PhantomData<&'a mut TcpStream>,
}

// The split constructor actually gives us two raw pointers to the same stream.
// This is safe because ReadHalf only reads and WriteHalf only writes — no
// aliased mutation of the same fields. Single-threaded.
impl ReadHalf<'_> {
    fn stream(&mut self) -> &mut TcpStream {
        // SAFETY: Borrowed from split(), single-threaded, read-only side.
        unsafe { &mut *self.stream }
    }
}

impl AsyncRead for ReadHalf<'_> {
    fn poll_read(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &mut [u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        Pin::new(this.stream()).poll_read(cx, buf)
    }
}

/// Borrowed write half of a [`TcpStream`].
///
/// Created by [`TcpStream::split`]. Borrows the stream — cannot be moved
/// to a different task. Implements [`AsyncWrite`].
pub struct WriteHalf<'a> {
    stream: *mut TcpStream,
    _marker: std::marker::PhantomData<&'a mut TcpStream>,
}

impl WriteHalf<'_> {
    fn stream(&mut self) -> &mut TcpStream {
        // SAFETY: Borrowed from split(), single-threaded, write-only side.
        unsafe { &mut *self.stream }
    }
}

impl AsyncWrite for WriteHalf<'_> {
    fn poll_write(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &[u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        Pin::new(this.stream()).poll_write(cx, buf)
    }

    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        Pin::new(this.stream()).poll_flush(cx)
    }

    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        Pin::new(this.stream()).poll_shutdown(cx)
    }
}

// =============================================================================
// OwnedReadHalf / OwnedWriteHalf (owned split)
// =============================================================================

/// Owned read half of a [`TcpStream`].
///
/// Created by [`TcpStream::into_split`]. Can be moved to a different task.
pub struct OwnedReadHalf {
    stream: std::rc::Rc<std::cell::UnsafeCell<TcpStream>>,
}

impl OwnedReadHalf {
    /// Reassemble the stream from its halves.
    ///
    /// Returns `Err` if the halves don't belong to the same stream.
    pub fn reunite(self, write: OwnedWriteHalf) -> Result<TcpStream, ReuniteError> {
        if std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&self.stream, &write.stream) {
            drop(write);
            let cell = std::rc::Rc::try_unwrap(self.stream).map_err(|_| ReuniteError)?;
            Ok(cell.into_inner())
        } else {
            Err(ReuniteError)
        }
    }

    /// Returns the peer address.
    pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        // SAFETY: single-threaded, immutable field access.
        unsafe { &*self.stream.get() }.peer_addr()
    }

    /// Returns the local address.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        unsafe { &*self.stream.get() }.local_addr()
    }
}

impl AsyncRead for OwnedReadHalf {
    fn poll_read(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &mut [u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        // SAFETY: single-threaded. Only the read half calls poll_read.
        let stream = unsafe { &mut *self.stream.get() };
        Pin::new(stream).poll_read(cx, buf)
    }
}

/// Owned write half of a [`TcpStream`].
///
/// Created by [`TcpStream::into_split`]. Can be moved to a different task.
pub struct OwnedWriteHalf {
    stream: std::rc::Rc<std::cell::UnsafeCell<TcpStream>>,
}

impl OwnedWriteHalf {
    /// Reassemble the stream from its halves.
    pub fn reunite(self, read: OwnedReadHalf) -> Result<TcpStream, ReuniteError> {
        read.reunite(self)
    }

    /// Returns the peer address.
    pub fn peer_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        unsafe { &*self.stream.get() }.peer_addr()
    }

    /// Returns the local address.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        unsafe { &*self.stream.get() }.local_addr()
    }
}

impl AsyncWrite for OwnedWriteHalf {
    fn poll_write(
        self: Pin<&mut Self>,
        cx: &mut Context<'_>,
        buf: &[u8],
    ) -> Poll<io::Result<usize>> {
        // SAFETY: single-threaded. Only the write half calls poll_write.
        let stream = unsafe { &mut *self.stream.get() };
        Pin::new(stream).poll_write(cx, buf)
    }

    fn poll_flush(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let stream = unsafe { &mut *self.stream.get() };
        Pin::new(stream).poll_flush(cx)
    }

    fn poll_shutdown(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<io::Result<()>> {
        let stream = unsafe { &mut *self.stream.get() };
        Pin::new(stream).poll_shutdown(cx)
    }
}

/// Error returned by [`OwnedReadHalf::reunite`] when the halves don't match.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ReuniteError;

impl std::fmt::Display for ReuniteError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "halves do not belong to the same TcpStream")
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for ReuniteError {}

// =============================================================================
// TcpListener
// =============================================================================

/// Async TCP listener backed by mio.
///
/// Bind with [`TcpListener::bind`] or [`TcpSocket::listen`], then call
/// [`accept`](Self::accept) to await incoming connections.
pub struct TcpListener {
    inner: mio::net::TcpListener,
    io: IoHandle,
    token: Option<Token>,
    registered_task: *mut u8,
}

impl TcpListener {
    /// Bind to `addr`. Registration deferred to first `accept` poll.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a [`Runtime::block_on`](crate::Runtime::block_on)
    /// context — fetches the runtime's [`IoHandle`] internally.
    pub fn bind(addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = mio::net::TcpListener::bind(addr)?;
        Ok(Self {
            inner,
            io: IoHandle::current(),
            token: None,
            registered_task: std::ptr::null_mut(),
        })
    }

    /// Convert from a `std::net::TcpListener`.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a runtime context.
    pub fn from_std(listener: std::net::TcpListener) -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = mio::net::TcpListener::from_std(listener);
        Ok(Self {
            inner,
            io: IoHandle::current(),
            token: None,
            registered_task: std::ptr::null_mut(),
        })
    }

    /// Returns the local address this listener is bound to.
    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
        self.inner.local_addr()
    }

    /// Get IP_TTL.
    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
        socket2::SockRef::from(&self.inner).ttl()
    }

    /// Set IP_TTL.
    pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
        socket2::SockRef::from(&self.inner).set_ttl(ttl)
    }

    /// Accept a new TCP connection.
    pub fn accept(&mut self) -> Accept<'_> {
        Accept { listener: self }
    }

    /// Ensure registered with mio and the correct task waker.
    #[inline(always)]
    fn ensure_registered(&mut self, cx: &Context<'_>) -> io::Result<()> {
        let task_ptr = waker_to_ptr(cx);
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            if task_ptr != self.registered_task {
                self.io.set_waker(token, cx.waker().clone());
                self.registered_task = task_ptr;
            }
            return Ok(());
        }
        self.do_register(task_ptr, cx.waker().clone())
    }

    #[cold]
    fn do_register(&mut self, task_ptr: *mut u8, waker: Waker) -> io::Result<()> {
        let token = self
            .io
            .register(&mut self.inner, Interest::READABLE, waker)?;
        self.token = Some(token);
        self.registered_task = task_ptr;
        Ok(())
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for TcpListener {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("TcpListener")
            .field("fd", &self.inner.as_raw_fd())
            .field("registered", &self.token.is_some())
            .finish()
    }
}

impl AsFd for TcpListener {
    fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_> {
        self.inner.as_fd()
    }
}

impl AsRawFd for TcpListener {
    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
        self.inner.as_raw_fd()
    }
}

impl Drop for TcpListener {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if let Some(token) = self.token {
            let _ = unsafe { self.io.deregister(&mut self.inner, token) };
        }
    }
}

/// Future returned by [`TcpListener::accept`].
pub struct Accept<'a> {
    listener: &'a mut TcpListener,
}

impl std::future::Future for Accept<'_> {
    type Output = io::Result<(TcpStream, SocketAddr)>;

    fn poll(self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
        let this = self.get_mut();
        if let Err(e) = this.listener.ensure_registered(cx) {
            return Poll::Ready(Err(e));
        }
        match this.listener.inner.accept() {
            Ok((stream, addr)) => {
                let tcp = TcpStream::new(stream, this.listener.io);
                Poll::Ready(Ok((tcp, addr)))
            }
            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock => Poll::Pending,
            Err(e) => Poll::Ready(Err(e)),
        }
    }
}

// =============================================================================
// TcpSocket — pre-bind configuration
// =============================================================================

/// TCP socket builder for configuring options before bind/connect.
///
/// Wraps `socket2::Socket` to provide access to socket options that
/// must be set before binding (SO_REUSEADDR, SO_REUSEPORT, buffer
/// sizes, etc.).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
/// socket.set_reuseaddr(true)?;
/// socket.set_recv_buffer_size(1024 * 1024)?;
/// let listener = socket.listen(1024, io)?;
/// ```
pub struct TcpSocket {
    inner: socket2::Socket,
}

impl TcpSocket {
    /// Create a new IPv4 TCP socket.
    pub fn new_v4() -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = socket2::Socket::new(
            socket2::Domain::IPV4,
            socket2::Type::STREAM,
            Some(socket2::Protocol::TCP),
        )?;
        inner.set_nonblocking(true)?;
        Ok(Self { inner })
    }

    /// Create a new IPv6 TCP socket.
    pub fn new_v6() -> io::Result<Self> {
        let inner = socket2::Socket::new(
            socket2::Domain::IPV6,
            socket2::Type::STREAM,
            Some(socket2::Protocol::TCP),
        )?;
        inner.set_nonblocking(true)?;
        Ok(Self { inner })
    }

    // -- Socket options --

    /// Set SO_REUSEADDR.
    pub fn set_reuseaddr(&self, reuseaddr: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_reuse_address(reuseaddr)
    }

    /// Get SO_REUSEADDR.
    pub fn reuseaddr(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.inner.reuse_address()
    }

    /// Set SO_REUSEPORT (Unix only).
    #[cfg(unix)]
    pub fn set_reuseport(&self, reuseport: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_reuse_port(reuseport)
    }

    /// Get SO_REUSEPORT (Unix only).
    #[cfg(unix)]
    pub fn reuseport(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.inner.reuse_port()
    }

    /// Set SO_KEEPALIVE.
    pub fn set_keepalive(&self, keepalive: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_keepalive(keepalive)
    }

    /// Get SO_KEEPALIVE.
    pub fn keepalive(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.inner.keepalive()
    }

    /// Set TCP_NODELAY.
    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_nodelay(nodelay)
    }

    /// Get TCP_NODELAY.
    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
        self.inner.nodelay()
    }

    /// Set SO_LINGER.
    pub fn set_linger(&self, duration: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_linger(duration)
    }

    /// Get SO_LINGER.
    pub fn linger(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
        self.inner.linger()
    }

    /// Set SO_SNDBUF.
    pub fn set_send_buffer_size(&self, size: usize) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_send_buffer_size(size)
    }

    /// Get SO_SNDBUF.
    pub fn send_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.inner.send_buffer_size()
    }

    /// Set SO_RCVBUF.
    pub fn set_recv_buffer_size(&self, size: usize) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_recv_buffer_size(size)
    }

    /// Get SO_RCVBUF.
    pub fn recv_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<usize> {
        self.inner.recv_buffer_size()
    }

    /// Set IP_TTL.
    pub fn set_ttl(&self, ttl: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.set_ttl(ttl)
    }

    /// Get IP_TTL.
    pub fn ttl(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
        self.inner.ttl()
    }

    // -- Bind, connect, listen --

    /// Bind the socket to `addr`.
    pub fn bind(&self, addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.bind(&addr.into())
    }

    /// Connect to `addr` and return a [`TcpStream`].
    ///
    /// The connection completes asynchronously (non-blocking socket).
    /// The first read or write will detect when the connection is
    /// established.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a [`Runtime::block_on`](crate::Runtime::block_on)
    /// context — fetches the runtime's [`IoHandle`] internally.
    pub fn connect(self, addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
        // Non-blocking connect returns EINPROGRESS/EALREADY — that's
        // normal, not an error. Suppress these.
        match self.inner.connect(&addr.into()) {
            Ok(()) => {}
            Err(e)
                if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EINPROGRESS)
                    || e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::EALREADY) => {}
            Err(e) => return Err(e),
        }
        let std_stream: std::net::TcpStream = self.inner.into();
        let mio_stream = mio::net::TcpStream::from_std(std_stream);
        Ok(TcpStream::new(mio_stream, IoHandle::current()))
    }

    /// Start listening with the given backlog and return a [`TcpListener`].
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if called outside a runtime context.
    pub fn listen(self, backlog: i32) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
        self.inner.listen(backlog)?;
        let std_listener: std::net::TcpListener = self.inner.into();
        let mio_listener = mio::net::TcpListener::from_std(std_listener);
        Ok(TcpListener {
            inner: mio_listener,
            io: IoHandle::current(),
            token: None,
            registered_task: std::ptr::null_mut(),
        })
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for TcpSocket {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("TcpSocket")
            .field("fd", &self.inner.as_raw_fd())
            .finish()
    }
}

impl AsFd for TcpSocket {
    fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_> {
        self.inner.as_fd()
    }
}

impl AsRawFd for TcpSocket {
    fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
        self.inner.as_raw_fd()
    }
}

// =============================================================================
// Tests
// =============================================================================

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::{Runtime, spawn_boxed};
    use nexus_rt::WorldBuilder;
    use std::cell::Cell;
    use std::rc::Rc;

    #[test]
    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)] // Requires real TCP sockets — not miri-compatible.
    fn tcp_echo() {
        let wb = WorldBuilder::new();
        let mut world = wb.build();
        let mut rt = Runtime::new(&mut world);

        let done = Rc::new(Cell::new(false));
        let done2 = done.clone();

        rt.block_on(async move {
            let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0".parse().unwrap()).expect("bind failed");
            let addr = listener.local_addr().unwrap();
            spawn_boxed(async move {
                let mut listener = listener;
                let (mut stream, _peer) = listener.accept().await.unwrap();
                let mut buf = [0u8; 64];
                let n = stream.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
                stream.write_all(&buf[..n]).await.unwrap();
            });

            let flag = done2;
            spawn_boxed(async move {
                crate::context::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
                let mut client = TcpStream::connect(addr).unwrap();
                client.write_all(b"hello").await.unwrap();
                let mut buf = [0u8; 64];
                let n = client.read(&mut buf).await.unwrap();
                assert_eq!(&buf[..n], b"hello");
                flag.set(true);
            });

            crate::context::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
        });

        assert!(done.get(), "echo exchange never completed");
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg_attr(miri, ignore)] // Requires real TCP sockets — not miri-compatible.
    fn tcp_socket_builder() {
        let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4().unwrap();
        socket.set_reuseaddr(true).unwrap();
        assert!(socket.reuseaddr().unwrap());
        socket.set_nodelay(true).unwrap();
        assert!(socket.nodelay().unwrap());
        socket.set_send_buffer_size(65536).unwrap();
        // Buffer size may be rounded up by the kernel.
        assert!(socket.send_buffer_size().unwrap() >= 65536);
    }
}