use std::io::Write;
use crate::{
Error,
layout::{slice, u32_at, u128_at, usize_at},
search::Search,
target::Entry,
};
pub(crate) use bitpacking::{compacted_size, write_compacted};
mod bitpacking;
pub(crate) const BLOCK: usize = 256;
pub(crate) const FENCE: usize = 32;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
struct Block {
base: u128,
offset: usize,
width: Width,
shift: u8,
count: usize,
first_id: Option<u32>,
id_step: u32,
kind: u8,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
enum Width {
Bytes(u8),
Bits(u8),
}
impl Width {
fn bytes(self) -> u8 {
match self {
Self::Bytes(width) => width,
Self::Bits(bits) => {
if bits <= 8 {
1
} else if bits <= 16 {
2
} else if bits <= 32 {
4
} else if bits <= 64 {
8
} else {
16
}
}
}
}
fn bits(self) -> Option<u8> {
match self {
Self::Bytes(_) => None,
Self::Bits(bits) => Some(bits),
}
}
}
impl Block {
fn delta_bytes(self) -> usize {
match self.width {
Width::Bytes(width) => self.count * usize::from(width),
Width::Bits(bits) => (self.count * usize::from(bits)).div_ceil(8) + 16,
}
}
fn data_bytes(self) -> usize {
self.delta_bytes()
+ self.count
* (1 + usize::from(self.kind > 1) + if self.first_id.is_some() { 0 } else { 4 })
}
fn row_width(self) -> usize {
usize::from(self.width.bytes())
+ 1
+ usize::from(self.kind > 1)
+ if self.first_id.is_some() { 0 } else { 4 }
}
}
pub(crate) fn size<N: Copy + Ord + Into<u128>>(entries: &[Entry<N>]) -> Option<usize> {
if entries.is_empty()
|| entries.iter().any(|entry| entry.kind > 1)
|| entries
.windows(2)
.any(|pair| matches!(pair, [left, right] if left.end >= right.start))
{
return None;
}
let mut length = entries.len().div_ceil(BLOCK).checked_mul(FENCE)?;
for rows in entries.chunks(BLOCK) {
let block = describe(rows, 0);
length = length.checked_add(rows.len().checked_mul(block.row_width())?)?;
}
Some(length)
}
pub(crate) fn write<N: Copy + Into<u128>>(
entries: &[Entry<N>],
output: &mut impl Write,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
let mut offset = entries.len().div_ceil(BLOCK) * FENCE;
for rows in entries.chunks(BLOCK) {
let block = describe(rows, offset);
let width = block.width.bytes()
| if block.first_id.is_some() { 0x80 } else { 0 }
| if block.id_step == 2 { 0x20 } else { 0 }
| if block.kind == 1 { 0x40 } else { 0 };
let shift = block.shift | if block.kind <= 1 { 0x80 } else { 0 };
output.write_all(&block.base.to_le_bytes())?;
output.write_all(&(offset as u64).to_le_bytes())?;
output.write_all(&[width, shift])?;
output.write_all(&(rows.len() as u16).to_le_bytes())?;
output.write_all(&block.first_id.unwrap_or(0).to_le_bytes())?;
offset += rows.len() * block.row_width();
}
for rows in entries.chunks(BLOCK) {
let block = describe(rows, 0);
for entry in rows {
let delta = (entry.start.into() - block.base) >> block.shift;
output.write_all(slice(
&delta.to_le_bytes(),
0,
usize::from(block.width.bytes()),
)?)?;
}
for entry in rows {
output.write_all(&[entry.prefix])?;
}
if block.kind > 1 {
for entry in rows {
output.write_all(&[entry.kind])?;
}
}
if block.first_id.is_none() {
for entry in rows {
output.write_all(&entry.id.to_le_bytes())?;
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
pub(crate) fn entry(
bytes: &[u8],
count: usize,
position: usize,
ipv6: bool,
) -> Result<Entry, Error> {
if position >= count {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed index position"));
}
let block = read_block(bytes, count, position / BLOCK)?;
let local = position % BLOCK;
block_entry(bytes, block, local, ipv6)
}
pub(crate) fn visit_entries<E: From<Error>>(
bytes: &[u8],
count: usize,
ipv6: bool,
mut emit: impl FnMut(Entry) -> Result<(), E>,
) -> Result<(), E> {
for index in 0..count.div_ceil(BLOCK) {
let block = read_block(bytes, count, index)?;
if let Some(bits) = block.width.bits() {
let column = slice(bytes, block.offset, block.delta_bytes())?;
for local in 0..block.count {
let delta = bitpacking::integer(column, local, bits)?;
emit(block_entry_delta(bytes, block, local, ipv6, delta)?)?;
}
continue;
}
match block.width.bytes() {
1 => visit_block::<1, E>(bytes, block, ipv6, &mut emit)?,
2 => visit_block::<2, E>(bytes, block, ipv6, &mut emit)?,
4 => visit_block::<4, E>(bytes, block, ipv6, &mut emit)?,
8 => visit_block::<8, E>(bytes, block, ipv6, &mut emit)?,
16 => visit_block::<16, E>(bytes, block, ipv6, &mut emit)?,
_ => return Err(Error::Invalid("packed integer width").into()),
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn visit_block<const WIDTH: usize, E: From<Error>>(
bytes: &[u8],
block: Block,
ipv6: bool,
emit: &mut impl FnMut(Entry) -> Result<(), E>,
) -> Result<(), E> {
let column = slice(bytes, block.offset, block.count * WIDTH)?;
let (values, _) = column.as_chunks::<WIDTH>();
for (local, value) in values.iter().enumerate() {
let mut delta = [0; 16];
delta
.get_mut(..WIDTH)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed integer width"))?
.copy_from_slice(value);
emit(block_entry_delta(
bytes,
block,
local,
ipv6,
u128::from_le_bytes(delta),
)?)?;
}
Ok(())
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub(crate) struct Directory {
start: u128,
shift: u32,
ranges: Vec<(u32, u32)>,
}
impl Directory {
pub(crate) fn build(
bytes: &[u8],
count: usize,
start: u128,
end: u128,
) -> Result<Option<Self>, Error> {
let blocks = count.div_ceil(BLOCK);
if blocks < 256 {
return Ok(None);
}
let span = end - start;
let bits = if blocks >= 4096 { 12 } else { 8 };
let shift = (128 - span.leading_zeros()).saturating_sub(bits);
let buckets = ((span >> shift) + 1) as usize;
let mut ranges = Vec::new();
ranges.try_reserve_exact(buckets)?;
for bucket in 0..buckets {
let first = start + ((bucket as u128) << shift);
let last = first.saturating_add((1u128 << shift) - 1).min(end);
let low = block_upper_bound(bytes, 0, blocks, first)?.saturating_sub(1);
let high = block_upper_bound(bytes, low, blocks, last)?;
ranges.push((
u32::try_from(low).map_err(|_| Error::Limit("packed directory"))?,
u32::try_from(high).map_err(|_| Error::Limit("packed directory"))?,
));
}
Ok(Some(Self {
start,
shift,
ranges,
}))
}
pub(crate) fn heap_bytes(&self) -> usize {
self.ranges.capacity() * size_of::<(u32, u32)>()
}
fn range(&self, query: u128) -> Result<(usize, usize), Error> {
let bucket = query
.checked_sub(self.start)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed directory query"))?
>> self.shift;
let bucket =
usize::try_from(bucket).map_err(|_| Error::Invalid("packed directory bucket"))?;
self.ranges
.get(bucket)
.copied()
.map(|(low, high)| (low as usize, high as usize))
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed directory bucket"))
}
}
pub(crate) fn lookup(
bytes: &[u8],
count: usize,
query: u128,
ipv6: bool,
search: Search,
directory: Option<&Directory>,
) -> Result<Option<Entry>, Error> {
let (low, high) = match directory {
Some(directory) => directory.range(query)?,
None => (0, count.div_ceil(BLOCK)),
};
let upper_block = block_upper_bound(bytes, low, high, query)?;
let Some(block_index) = upper_block.checked_sub(1) else {
return Ok(None);
};
let block = read_block(bytes, count, block_index)?;
let deltas = slice(bytes, block.offset, block.delta_bytes())?;
let delta = query
.checked_sub(block.base)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed search base"))?;
let upper = match block.width.bits() {
Some(bits) => bitpacking::upper_bound(deltas, block.count, bits, delta >> block.shift)?,
None => search.upper_bound(
deltas,
usize::from(block.width.bytes()),
delta >> block.shift,
)?,
};
let Some(local) = upper.checked_sub(1) else {
return Ok(None);
};
let entry = block_entry(bytes, block, local, ipv6)?;
Ok((query <= entry.end).then_some(entry))
}
pub(crate) fn visit_intersecting<E: From<Error>>(
bytes: &[u8],
count: usize,
first: u128,
last: u128,
ipv6: bool,
search: Search,
mut emit: impl FnMut(Entry) -> Result<(), E>,
) -> Result<(), E> {
let blocks = count.div_ceil(BLOCK);
let start = block_upper_bound(bytes, 0, blocks, first)?.saturating_sub(1);
for index in start..blocks {
let block = read_block(bytes, count, index)?;
if block.base > last {
break;
}
let local = if index == start && first >= block.base {
let column = slice(bytes, block.offset, block.delta_bytes())?;
let delta = (first - block.base) >> block.shift;
match block.width.bits() {
Some(bits) => bitpacking::upper_bound(column, block.count, bits, delta)?,
None => search.upper_bound(column, usize::from(block.width.bytes()), delta)?,
}
.saturating_sub(1)
} else {
0
};
for local in local..block.count {
let entry = block_entry(bytes, block, local, ipv6)?;
if entry.start > last {
return Ok(());
}
if entry.end >= first {
emit(entry)?;
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
pub(crate) fn bitpacked_blocks(bytes: &[u8], count: usize) -> Result<usize, Error> {
let mut selected = 0;
for index in 0..count.div_ceil(BLOCK) {
selected += usize::from(read_block(bytes, count, index)?.width.bits().is_some());
}
Ok(selected)
}
pub(crate) fn validate(bytes: &[u8], count: usize, allow_bits: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
let mut offset = count.div_ceil(BLOCK) * FENCE;
for index in 0..count.div_ceil(BLOCK) {
let block = read_block(bytes, count, index)?;
if let Some(bits) = block.width.bits() {
if !allow_bits {
return Err(Error::Invalid("bitpacked block version"));
}
let used = (block.count * usize::from(bits)).div_ceil(8);
let column = slice(bytes, block.offset, block.delta_bytes())?;
if slice(column, used, 16)?.iter().any(|&v| v != 0) {
return Err(Error::Invalid("bitpacked padding"));
}
let remainder = (block.count * usize::from(bits)) % 8;
if remainder != 0 && column.get(used - 1).is_some_and(|v| *v >> remainder != 0) {
return Err(Error::Invalid("bitpacked tail bits"));
}
}
if block.first_id.is_some_and(|first| {
first
.checked_add((block.count - 1) as u32 * block.id_step)
.is_none()
}) {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed record ID"));
}
if block.offset != offset || block_delta(bytes, block, 0)? != 0 {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed block offset or base delta"));
}
offset += block.data_bytes();
slice(bytes, block.offset, offset - block.offset)?;
}
if offset != bytes.len() {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed section length"));
}
Ok(())
}
fn read_integer(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<u128, Error> {
match bytes.len() {
1 => bytes
.first()
.copied()
.map(u128::from)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed integer")),
2 => Ok(u128::from(u16::from_le_bytes(array(bytes)?))),
4 => Ok(u128::from(u32::from_le_bytes(array(bytes)?))),
8 => Ok(u128::from(u64::from_le_bytes(array(bytes)?))),
16 => Ok(u128::from_le_bytes(array(bytes)?)),
_ => Err(Error::Invalid("packed integer width")),
}
}
fn block_entry(bytes: &[u8], block: Block, local: usize, ipv6: bool) -> Result<Entry, Error> {
let delta = block_delta(bytes, block, local)?;
block_entry_delta(bytes, block, local, ipv6, delta)
}
fn block_delta(bytes: &[u8], block: Block, local: usize) -> Result<u128, Error> {
match block.width.bits() {
Some(bits) => bitpacking::integer(
slice(bytes, block.offset, block.delta_bytes())?,
local,
bits,
),
None => read_integer(slice(
bytes,
block.offset + local * usize::from(block.width.bytes()),
usize::from(block.width.bytes()),
)?),
}
}
fn block_entry_delta(
bytes: &[u8],
block: Block,
local: usize,
ipv6: bool,
delta: u128,
) -> Result<Entry, Error> {
let shifted = delta
.checked_shl(u32::from(block.shift))
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed delta shift"))?;
if shifted >> block.shift != delta {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed delta overflow"));
}
let start = block
.base
.checked_add(shifted)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed address overflow"))?;
let columns = block.offset + block.delta_bytes();
let prefix = *bytes
.get(columns + local)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed prefix"))?;
let kind = if block.kind <= 1 {
block.kind
} else {
*bytes
.get(columns + block.count + local)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed kind"))?
};
let bits = if ipv6 { 128 } else { 32 };
if prefix > bits || kind > 1 || (!ipv6 && start > u128::from(u32::MAX)) {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed target"));
}
let host = u128::MAX
.checked_shr(128 - u32::from(bits - prefix))
.unwrap_or(0);
let end = start | host;
let id = match block.first_id {
Some(first) => first
.checked_add(local as u32 * block.id_step)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed record ID"))?,
None => u32_at(
bytes,
columns + block.count * (1 + usize::from(block.kind > 1)) + local * 4,
)?,
};
Ok(Entry {
start,
end,
maximum: end,
id,
prefix,
kind,
})
}
fn block_upper_bound(bytes: &[u8], low: usize, high: usize, query: u128) -> Result<usize, Error> {
let rows = slice(bytes, low * FENCE, (high - low) * FENCE)?;
let (fences, _) = rows.as_chunks::<FENCE>();
let position = fences.partition_point(|row| {
row.first_chunk::<16>()
.is_some_and(|base| u128::from_le_bytes(*base) <= query)
});
Ok(low + position)
}
fn describe<N: Copy + Into<u128>>(entries: &[Entry<N>], offset: usize) -> Block {
let base = entries.first().map_or(0, |entry| entry.start.into());
let mut common = 0u128;
let mut maximum = 0u128;
for entry in entries {
let delta = entry.start.into() - base;
common |= delta;
maximum = delta;
}
let shift = common.trailing_zeros().min(127);
let maximum = maximum >> shift;
let width = [1, 2, 4, 8, 16]
.into_iter()
.find(|width| maximum.checked_shr(width * 8).unwrap_or(0) == 0)
.unwrap_or(16);
let mut id_step = 1;
let first_id = entries.first().map(|entry| entry.id).filter(|&first| {
let step = entries
.get(1)
.and_then(|entry| entry.id.checked_sub(first))
.unwrap_or(1);
if !matches!(step, 1 | 2) {
return false;
}
let sequential = entries
.iter()
.enumerate()
.all(|(position, entry)| first.checked_add(position as u32 * step) == Some(entry.id));
if sequential {
id_step = step;
}
sequential
});
let kind = entries.first().map_or(2, |entry| entry.kind);
let kind = if entries.iter().all(|entry| entry.kind == kind) {
kind
} else {
2
};
Block {
base,
offset,
width: Width::Bytes(width as u8),
shift: shift as u8,
count: entries.len(),
first_id,
id_step,
kind,
}
}
fn read_block(bytes: &[u8], count: usize, index: usize) -> Result<Block, Error> {
if index >= count.div_ceil(BLOCK) {
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed block position"));
}
let row = slice(bytes, index * FENCE, FENCE)?;
let flags = *row.get(24).ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed width"))?;
let encoded_width = flags & 0x1f;
let id_step = if flags & 0x20 != 0 { 2 } else { 1 };
let first_id = if flags & 0x80 != 0 {
Some(u32_at(row, 28)?)
} else {
None
};
let shift_flags = *row.get(25).ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed shift"))?;
let shift = u32::from(shift_flags & 0x7f);
let kind = if shift_flags & 0x80 != 0 {
u8::from(flags & 0x40 != 0)
} else {
2
};
let encoded_rows = u16::from_le_bytes(
slice(row, 26, 2)?
.try_into()
.map_err(|_| Error::Invalid("packed count"))?,
);
let bits = (encoded_width == 0).then_some((encoded_rows >> 9) as u8);
let rows = if bits.is_some() {
usize::from(encoded_rows & 511)
} else {
usize::from(encoded_rows)
};
let width = match bits {
Some(bits) => [1usize, 2, 4, 8, 16]
.into_iter()
.find(|width| usize::from(bits) <= width * 8)
.ok_or(Error::Invalid("packed bit width"))?,
None => usize::from(encoded_width),
};
if !matches!(width, 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16)
|| (first_id.is_none() && id_step != 1)
|| (kind == 2 && flags & 0x40 != 0)
|| rows != (count - index * BLOCK).min(BLOCK)
|| (first_id.is_none() && u32_at(row, 28)? != 0)
{
return Err(Error::Invalid("packed block fields"));
}
let offset = usize_at(row, 16)?;
let block = Block {
base: u128_at(row, 0)?,
offset,
width: bits.map_or(Width::Bytes(width as u8), Width::Bits),
shift: shift as u8,
count: rows,
first_id,
id_step,
kind,
};
slice(bytes, offset, block.data_bytes())?;
Ok(block)
}
fn array<const N: usize>(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<[u8; N], Error> {
bytes
.try_into()
.map_err(|_| Error::Invalid("packed integer width"))
}