use std::fmt::{Debug, Display};
use nautilus_model::data::Bar;
use crate::{
average::{MovingAverageFactory, MovingAverageType},
indicator::{Indicator, MovingAverage},
volatility::atr::AverageTrueRange,
};
#[repr(C)]
#[derive(Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "python",
pyo3::pyclass(module = "nautilus_trader.core.nautilus_pyo3.indicators", unsendable)
)]
#[cfg_attr(
feature = "python",
pyo3_stub_gen::derive::gen_stub_pyclass(module = "nautilus_trader.indicators")
)]
pub struct Pressure {
pub period: usize,
pub ma_type: MovingAverageType,
pub atr_floor: f64,
pub value: f64,
pub value_cumulative: f64,
pub initialized: bool,
atr: AverageTrueRange,
average_volume: Box<dyn MovingAverage + Send + 'static>,
has_inputs: bool,
}
impl Display for Pressure {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}({},{})", self.name(), self.period, self.ma_type,)
}
}
impl Indicator for Pressure {
fn name(&self) -> String {
stringify!(Pressure).to_string()
}
fn has_inputs(&self) -> bool {
self.has_inputs
}
fn initialized(&self) -> bool {
self.initialized
}
fn handle_bar(&mut self, bar: &Bar) {
self.update_raw(
(&bar.high).into(),
(&bar.low).into(),
(&bar.close).into(),
(&bar.volume).into(),
);
}
fn reset(&mut self) {
self.atr.reset();
self.average_volume.reset();
self.value = 0.0;
self.value_cumulative = 0.0;
self.has_inputs = false;
self.initialized = false;
}
}
impl Pressure {
#[must_use]
pub fn new(period: usize, ma_type: Option<MovingAverageType>, atr_floor: Option<f64>) -> Self {
assert!(period > 0, "Pressure: period must be > 0");
let ma_type = ma_type.unwrap_or(MovingAverageType::Exponential);
Self {
period,
ma_type,
atr_floor: atr_floor.unwrap_or(0.0),
value: 0.0,
value_cumulative: 0.0,
atr: AverageTrueRange::new(period, Some(ma_type), Some(false), atr_floor),
average_volume: MovingAverageFactory::create(ma_type, period),
has_inputs: false,
initialized: false,
}
}
pub fn update_raw(&mut self, high: f64, low: f64, close: f64, volume: f64) {
self.atr.update_raw(high, low, close);
self.average_volume.update_raw(volume);
self.has_inputs = true;
let avg_vol = self.average_volume.value();
if avg_vol == 0.0 {
self.value = 0.0;
return;
}
let atr_val = if self.atr.value > 0.0 {
self.atr.value
} else {
(high - low).abs().max(self.atr_floor)
};
if atr_val == 0.0 {
self.value = 0.0;
return;
}
let relative_volume = volume / avg_vol;
let buy_pressure = ((close - low) / atr_val) * relative_volume;
let sell_pressure = ((high - close) / atr_val) * relative_volume;
self.value = buy_pressure - sell_pressure;
self.value_cumulative += self.value;
if self.atr.initialized && self.average_volume.initialized() && !self.initialized {
self.initialized = true;
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use rstest::rstest;
use super::*;
use crate::stubs::{bar_ethusdt_binance_minute_bid, pressure_10};
#[rstest]
fn test_name_returns_expected_string(pressure_10: Pressure) {
assert_eq!(pressure_10.name(), "Pressure");
}
#[rstest]
fn test_str_repr_returns_expected_string() {
let pressure = Pressure::new(10, Some(MovingAverageType::Exponential), None);
assert_eq!(format!("{pressure}"), "Pressure(10,EXPONENTIAL)");
}
#[rstest]
fn test_period_returns_expected_value(pressure_10: Pressure) {
assert_eq!(pressure_10.period, 10);
}
#[rstest]
fn test_initialized_without_inputs_returns_false(pressure_10: Pressure) {
assert!(!pressure_10.initialized());
}
#[rstest]
fn test_value_with_all_higher_inputs_returns_expected_value() {
let mut pressure = Pressure::new(10, Some(MovingAverageType::Exponential), None);
let high_values = [
1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0,
];
let low_values = [
0.9, 1.9, 2.9, 3.9, 4.9, 5.9, 6.9, 7.9, 8.9, 9.9, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, 11.4,
];
let close_values = [
1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 13.1, 14.1, 15.1,
];
let volume_values = [
100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 600.0, 700.0, 800.0, 900.0, 1000.0, 1100.0, 1200.0,
1300.0, 1400.0, 1500.0,
];
let mut expected_cumulative = 0.0;
let mut expected_last = 0.0;
for i in 0..15 {
pressure.update_raw(
high_values[i],
low_values[i],
close_values[i],
volume_values[i],
);
let atr_val = if pressure.atr.value > 0.0 {
pressure.atr.value
} else {
(high_values[i] - low_values[i])
.abs()
.max(pressure.atr_floor)
};
let avg_vol = pressure.average_volume.value();
if avg_vol != 0.0 && atr_val != 0.0 {
let relative_volume = volume_values[i] / avg_vol;
let buy_pressure = ((close_values[i] - low_values[i]) / atr_val) * relative_volume;
let sell_pressure =
((high_values[i] - close_values[i]) / atr_val) * relative_volume;
let bar_value = buy_pressure - sell_pressure;
expected_cumulative += bar_value;
expected_last = bar_value;
}
}
assert!(pressure.initialized());
assert!((pressure.value - expected_last).abs() < 1e-6);
assert!((pressure.value_cumulative - expected_cumulative).abs() < 1e-6);
}
#[rstest]
fn test_handle_bar(mut pressure_10: Pressure, bar_ethusdt_binance_minute_bid: Bar) {
pressure_10.handle_bar(&bar_ethusdt_binance_minute_bid);
assert_eq!(pressure_10.value, -0.018_181_818_181_818_132);
assert_eq!(pressure_10.value_cumulative, -0.018_181_818_181_818_132);
assert!(pressure_10.has_inputs);
assert!(!pressure_10.initialized);
}
#[rstest]
fn test_reset_successfully_returns_indicator_to_fresh_state(mut pressure_10: Pressure) {
pressure_10.update_raw(1.00020, 1.00050, 1.00070, 100.0);
pressure_10.update_raw(1.00030, 1.00060, 1.00080, 200.0);
pressure_10.update_raw(1.00070, 1.00080, 1.00090, 300.0);
pressure_10.reset();
assert!(!pressure_10.initialized());
assert_eq!(pressure_10.value, 0.0);
assert_eq!(pressure_10.value_cumulative, 0.0);
assert!(!pressure_10.has_inputs);
}
#[rstest]
fn test_ma_type_default_and_override() {
let pressure_default = Pressure::new(10, None, None);
assert_eq!(pressure_default.ma_type, MovingAverageType::Exponential);
let pressure_simple = Pressure::new(10, Some(MovingAverageType::Simple), None);
assert_eq!(pressure_simple.ma_type, MovingAverageType::Simple);
}
#[rstest]
fn test_initialized_after_enough_inputs() {
let mut pressure = Pressure::new(3, Some(MovingAverageType::Exponential), None);
for _ in 0..3 {
pressure.update_raw(1.3, 1.0, 1.1, 100.0);
}
assert!(pressure.initialized());
}
#[rstest]
fn test_atr_floor_applied_to_zero_range() {
let mut pressure = Pressure::new(1, Some(MovingAverageType::Simple), Some(0.5));
pressure.update_raw(1.5, 1.0, 1.2, 100.0);
assert!((pressure.value + 0.2).abs() < 1e-6);
assert!(!pressure.value_cumulative.is_nan());
}
}