mysql 7.0.0

use std::borrow::Borrow;
use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::fmt;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, Condvar};
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
use std::time::Duration as StdDuration;

use time::{Duration, SteadyTime};

use Row;
use named_params::parse_named_params;
use super::IsolationLevel;
use super::Transaction;
use super::super::error::{Error, DriverError};
use super::super::value::Params;
use super::{Conn, Opts, Stmt, QueryResult};
use super::super::error::Result as MyResult;

thread_local! {
    static TLS_CONN: UnsafeCell<Option<Conn>> = UnsafeCell::new(None)
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct InnerPool {
    opts: Opts,
    pool: VecDeque<Conn>,
}

impl InnerPool {
    fn new(min: usize, max: usize, opts: Opts) -> MyResult<InnerPool> {
        if min > max || max == 0 {
            return Err(Error::DriverError(DriverError::InvalidPoolConstraints));
        }
        let mut pool = InnerPool {
            opts: opts,
            pool: VecDeque::with_capacity(max),
        };
        for _ in 0..min {
            try!(pool.new_conn());
        }
        Ok(pool)
    }
    fn new_conn(&mut self) -> MyResult<()> {
        match Conn::new(self.opts.clone()) {
            Ok(conn) => {
                self.pool.push_back(conn);
                Ok(())
            },
            Err(err) => Err(err)
        }
    }
}

/// `Pool` serves to provide you with a [`PooledConn`](struct.PooledConn.html)'s.
/// However you can prepare statements directly on `Pool` without
/// invoking [`Pool::get_conn`](struct.Pool.html#method.get_conn).
///
/// `Pool` will hold at least `min` connections and will create as many as `max`
/// connections with possible overhead of one connection per alive thread.
///
/// Example of multithreaded `Pool` usage:
///
/// ```rust
/// use mysql::conn::pool;
/// use std::default::Default;
/// use mysql::conn::Opts;
/// # use mysql::conn::OptsBuilder;
/// # use mysql::conn::Row;
/// use std::thread;
///
/// fn get_opts() -> Opts {
///       // ...
/// #     let USER = "root";
/// #     let ADDR = "127.0.0.1";
/// #     let pwd: String = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PASS").unwrap_or("password".to_string());
/// #     let port: u16 = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PORT").ok()
/// #                                .map(|my_port| my_port.parse().ok().unwrap_or(3307))
/// #                                .unwrap_or(3307);
/// #     let mut builder = OptsBuilder::default();
/// #     builder.user(Some(USER))
/// #            .pass(Some(pwd))
/// #            .ip_or_hostname(Some(ADDR))
/// #            .tcp_port(port);
/// #     builder.into()
/// }
///
/// let opts = get_opts();
/// let pool = pool::Pool::new(opts).unwrap();
/// let mut threads = Vec::new();
/// for _ in 0..100 {
///     let pool = pool.clone();
///     threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
///         let mut result = pool.prep_exec("SELECT 1", ()).unwrap();
///         assert_eq!(result.next().unwrap().unwrap().unwrap(), vec![1.into()]);
///     }));
/// }
/// for t in threads.into_iter() {
///     assert!(t.join().is_ok());
/// }
/// ```
///
/// For more info on how to work with mysql connection please look at
/// [`PooledConn`](struct.PooledConn.html) documentation.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct Pool {
    inner: Arc<(Mutex<InnerPool>, Condvar)>,
    min: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    max: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    count: Arc<AtomicUsize>,
    check_health: bool,
    use_cache: bool,
    use_tls: bool,
}

impl Pool {
    /// Will return connection taken from a pool.
    ///
    /// Will verify and fix it via `Conn::ping` and `Conn::reset` if `call_ping` is `true`.
    /// Will try to get concrete connection if `id` is `Some(_)`.
    /// Will wait til timeout if `timeout_ms` is `Some(_)`
    fn _get_conn<T: AsRef<str>>(&self,
                                stmt: Option<T>,
                                timeout_ms: Option<u32>,
                                call_ping: bool) -> MyResult<PooledConn> {
        let times = if let Some(timeout_ms) = timeout_ms {
            Some ((
                SteadyTime::now(),
                Duration::milliseconds(timeout_ms as i64),
                StdDuration::from_millis(timeout_ms as u64),
            ))
        } else {
            None
        };

        let &(ref inner_pool, ref condvar) = &*self.inner;

        let conn = if self.use_tls {
            TLS_CONN.with(|tls_conn| {
                unsafe { &mut *tls_conn.get() }.take()
            })
        } else {
            None
        };

        let conn = if let Some(conn) = conn {
            self.count.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
            Some(conn)
        } else {
            if self.use_cache {
                if let Some(query) = stmt {
                    let mut id = None;
                    let mut pool = try!(inner_pool.lock());
                    for (i, conn) in pool.pool.iter().rev().enumerate() {
                        if conn.has_stmt(query.as_ref()) {
                            id = Some(i);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    id.and_then(|id| pool.pool.swap_remove_back(id))
                } else {
                    None
                }
            } else {
                None
            }
        };

        let mut conn = if let Some(conn) = conn {
            conn
        } else {
            let out_conn;
            let mut pool = try!(inner_pool.lock());
            loop {
                if let Some(conn) = pool.pool.pop_front() {
                    drop(pool);
                    out_conn = Some(conn);
                    break;
                } else {
                    if self.count.load(Ordering::Relaxed) < self.max.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
                        try!(pool.new_conn());
                        self.count.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
                    } else {
                        pool = if let Some((start, timeout, std_timeout)) = times {
                            if SteadyTime::now() - start > timeout {
                                return Err(DriverError::Timeout.into());
                            }
                            try!(condvar.wait_timeout(pool, std_timeout)).0
                        } else {
                            try!(condvar.wait(pool))
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            out_conn.unwrap()
        };

        if call_ping && self.check_health {
            if !conn.ping() {
                try!(conn.reset());
            }
        }

        Ok(PooledConn {pool: self.clone(), conn: Some(conn)})
    }

    /// Creates new pool with `min = 10` and `max = 100`.
    pub fn new<T: Into<Opts>>(opts: T) -> MyResult<Pool> {
        Pool::new_manual(10, 100, opts)
    }

    /// Same as `new` but you can set `min` and `max`.
    pub fn new_manual<T: Into<Opts>>(min: usize, max: usize, opts: T) -> MyResult<Pool> {
        let pool = try!(InnerPool::new(min, max, opts.into()));
        Ok(Pool{
            inner: Arc::new((Mutex::new(pool), Condvar::new())),
            min: Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(min)),
            max: Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(max)),
            count: Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(min)),
            use_cache: true,
            check_health: true,
            use_tls: true,
        })
    }

    /// A way to turn off pool level statments cache (on by default).
    pub fn use_cache(&mut self, use_cache: bool) {
        self.use_cache = use_cache;
    }

    /// A way to turn off connection health check on each call to `get_conn` and `prepare`
    /// (`prep_exec` is not affected) (on by default).
    pub fn check_health(&mut self, check_health: bool) {
        self.check_health = check_health;
    }

    /// A way to turn off TLS slot usage (on by default).
    pub fn use_tls(&mut self, use_tls: bool) {
        self.use_tls = use_tls;
    }

    /// Gives you a [`PooledConn`](struct.PooledConn.html).
    ///
    /// `Pool` will check that connection is alive via
    /// [`Conn::ping`](../struct.Conn.html#method.ping) and will
    /// call [`Conn::reset`](../struct.Conn.html#method.reset) if
    /// necessary.
    pub fn get_conn(&self) -> MyResult<PooledConn> {
        self._get_conn(None::<String>, None, true)
    }

    /// Will try to get connection for a duration of `timeout_ms` milliseconds.
    ///
    /// # Failure
    /// This function will return `Error::DriverError(DriverError::Timeout)` if timeout was
    /// reached while waiting for new connection to become available.
    pub fn try_get_conn(&self, timeout_ms: u32) -> MyResult<PooledConn> {
        self._get_conn(None::<String>, Some(timeout_ms), true)
    }

    fn get_conn_by_stmt<T: AsRef<str>>(&self, query: T, call_ping: bool) -> MyResult<PooledConn> {
        self._get_conn(Some(query), None, call_ping)
    }

    /// Will prepare statement. See [`Conn::prepare`](../struct.Conn.html#method.prepare).
    ///
    /// It will try to find connection which has this statement cached.
    pub fn prepare<T: AsRef<str>>(&self, query: T) -> MyResult<Stmt<'static>> {
        let conn = try!(self.get_conn_by_stmt(query.as_ref(), true));
        conn.pooled_prepare(query)
    }

    /// Shortcut for `try!(pool.get_conn()).prep_exec(..)`. See
    /// [`Conn::prep_exec`](../struct.Conn.html#method.prep_exec).
    ///
    /// It will try to find connection which has this statement cached.
    pub fn prep_exec<A, T>(&self, query: A, params: T) -> MyResult<QueryResult<'static>>
    where A: AsRef<str>,
          T: Into<Params> {
        let conn = try!(self.get_conn_by_stmt(query.as_ref(), false));
        let params = params.into();
        match conn.pooled_prep_exec(query.as_ref(), params.clone()) {
            Ok(stmt) => Ok(stmt),
            Err(e) => {
                if e.is_connectivity_error() {
                    let conn = try!(self._get_conn(None::<String>, None, true));
                    conn.pooled_prep_exec(query, params)
                } else {
                    Err(e)
                }
            },
        }
    }

    /// See [`Conn::first_exec`](../struct.Conn.html#method.first_exec).
    pub fn first_exec<Q, P>(&self, query: Q, params: P) -> MyResult<Option<Row>>
    where Q: AsRef<str>,
          P: Into<Params>,
    {
        self.prep_exec(query, params).and_then(|result| {
            for row in result {
                return row.map(Some);
            }
            return Ok(None)
        })
    }

    /// Shortcut for `try!(pool.get_conn()).start_transaction(..)`.
    pub fn start_transaction(&self,
                             consistent_snapshot: bool,
                             isolation_level: Option<IsolationLevel>,
                             readonly: Option<bool>) -> MyResult<Transaction<'static>> {
        let conn = try!(self._get_conn(None::<String>, None, false));
        let result = conn.pooled_start_transaction(consistent_snapshot,
                                                   isolation_level,
                                                   readonly);
        match result {
            Ok(trans) => Ok(trans),
            Err(ref e) if e.is_connectivity_error() => {
                let conn = try!(self._get_conn(None::<String>, None, true));
                conn.pooled_start_transaction(consistent_snapshot,
                                              isolation_level,
                                              readonly)
            },
            Err(e) => Err(e),
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for Pool {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f,
               "Pool {{ min: {}, max: {}, count: {} }}",
               self.min.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
               self.max.load(Ordering::Relaxed),
               self.count.load(Ordering::Relaxed))
    }
}

/// Pooled mysql connection which will return to the pool on `drop`.
///
/// You should prefer using `prepare` or `prep_exec` instead of `query` where possible, except
/// cases when statement has no params and when it has no return values or return values which
/// evaluates to `Value::Bytes`.
///
/// `query` is a part of mysql text protocol, so under the hood you will always receive
/// `Value::Bytes` as a result and `from_value` will need to parse it if you want, for example, `i64`
///
/// ```rust
/// # use mysql::conn::pool;
/// # use mysql::conn::{Opts, OptsBuilder};
/// # use mysql::value::{from_value, Value};
/// # use std::thread::Thread;
/// # use std::default::Default;
/// # fn get_opts() -> Opts {
/// #     let USER = "root";
/// #     let ADDR = "127.0.0.1";
/// #     let pwd: String = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PASS").unwrap_or("password".to_string());
/// #     let port: u16 = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PORT").ok()
/// #                                .map(|my_port| my_port.parse().ok().unwrap_or(3307))
/// #                                .unwrap_or(3307);
/// #     let mut builder = OptsBuilder::default();
/// #     builder.user(Some(USER))
/// #            .pass(Some(pwd))
/// #            .ip_or_hostname(Some(ADDR))
/// #            .tcp_port(port)
/// #            .init(vec!["SET GLOBAL sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'"]);
/// #     builder.into()
/// # }
/// # let opts = get_opts();
/// # let pool = pool::Pool::new(opts).unwrap();
/// let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();
///
/// conn.query("SELECT 42").map(|mut result| {
///     let cell = result.next().unwrap().unwrap().take(0).unwrap();
///     assert_eq!(cell, Value::Bytes(b"42".to_vec()));
///     assert_eq!(from_value::<i64>(cell), 42i64);
/// });
/// conn.prep_exec("SELECT 42", ()).map(|mut result| {
///     let cell = result.next().unwrap().unwrap().take(0).unwrap();
///     assert_eq!(cell, Value::Int(42i64));
///     assert_eq!(from_value::<i64>(cell), 42i64);
/// });
/// ```
///
/// For more info on how to work with query results please look at
/// [`QueryResult`](../struct.QueryResult.html) documentation.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct PooledConn {
    pool: Pool,
    conn: Option<Conn>
}

impl Drop for PooledConn {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        let out = if self.pool.use_tls {
            TLS_CONN.with(|tls_conn| {
                let mut val = unsafe { &mut *tls_conn.get() };
                if val.is_none() {
                    *val = self.conn.take();
                    val.is_some()
                } else {
                    false
                }
            })
        } else {
            false
        };
        if out {
            self.pool.count.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
            return;
        }
        if self.pool.count.load(Ordering::Relaxed) > self.pool.max.load(Ordering::Relaxed) || self.conn.is_none() {
            self.pool.count.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
        } else {
            let mut pool = (self.pool.inner).0.lock().unwrap();
            pool.pool.push_back(self.conn.take().unwrap());
            drop(pool);
            (self.pool.inner).1.notify_one();
        }
    }
}

impl PooledConn {
    /// Redirects to
    /// [`Conn#query`](../struct.Conn.html#method.query).
    pub fn query<'a, T: AsRef<str> + 'a>(&'a mut self, query: T) -> MyResult<QueryResult<'a>> {
        self.conn.as_mut().unwrap().query(query)
    }

    /// See [`Conn::first`](../struct.Conn.html#method.first).
    pub fn first<T: AsRef<str>>(&mut self, query: T) -> MyResult<Option<Row>> {
        self.query(query).and_then(|result| {
            for row in result {
                return row.map(Some);
            }
            return Ok(None)
        })
    }


    /// See [`Conn::prepare`](../struct.Conn.html#method.prepare).
    pub fn prepare<'a, T: AsRef<str> + 'a>(&'a mut self, query: T) -> MyResult<Stmt<'a>> {
        self.conn.as_mut().unwrap().prepare(query)
    }

    /// See [`Conn::prep_exec`](../struct.Conn.html#method.prep_exec).
    pub fn prep_exec<'a, A, T>(&'a mut self, query: A, params: T) -> MyResult<QueryResult<'a>>
    where A: AsRef<str> + 'a,
          T: Into<Params> {
        self.conn.as_mut().unwrap().prep_exec(query, params)
    }

    /// See [`Conn::first_exec`](../struct.Conn.html#method.first_exec).
    pub fn first_exec<Q, P>(&mut self, query: Q, params: P) -> MyResult<Option<Row>>
    where Q: AsRef<str>,
          P: Into<Params>,
    {
        self.prep_exec(query, params).and_then(|result| {
            for row in result {
                return row.map(Some);
            }
            return Ok(None)
        })
    }

    /// Redirects to
    /// [`Conn#start_transaction`](../struct.Conn.html#method.start_transaction)
    pub fn start_transaction<'a>(&'a mut self,
                                 consistent_snapshot: bool,
                                 isolation_level: Option<IsolationLevel>,
                                 readonly: Option<bool>) -> MyResult<Transaction<'a>> {
        self.conn.as_mut().unwrap().start_transaction(consistent_snapshot,
                                                      isolation_level,
                                                      readonly)
    }

    /// Gives mutable reference to the wrapped
    /// [`Conn`](../struct.Conn.html).
    pub fn as_mut<'a>(&'a mut self) -> &'a mut Conn {
        self.conn.as_mut().unwrap()
    }

    /// Gives reference to the wrapped
    /// [`Conn`](../struct.Conn.html).
    pub fn as_ref<'a>(&'a self) -> &'a Conn {
        self.conn.as_ref().unwrap()
    }

    /// Unwraps wrapped [`Conn`](../struct.Conn.html).
    pub fn unwrap(mut self) -> Conn {
        self.conn.take().unwrap()
    }

    fn pooled_prepare<'a, T: AsRef<str>>(mut self, query: T) -> MyResult<Stmt<'a>> {
        let query = query.as_ref();
        let (named_params, real_query) = try!(parse_named_params(query));
        self.as_mut()._prepare(real_query.borrow(), named_params)
                     .map(|stmt| Stmt::new_pooled(stmt, self))
    }

    fn pooled_prep_exec<'a, A, T>(mut self, query: A, params: T) -> MyResult<QueryResult<'a>>
    where A: AsRef<str>,
          T: Into<Params>
    {
        let query = query.as_ref();
        let (named_params, real_query) = try!(parse_named_params(query));
        let stmt = try!(self.as_mut()._prepare(real_query.borrow(), named_params));
        let stmt = Stmt::new_pooled(stmt, self);
        stmt.prep_exec(params)
    }

    fn pooled_start_transaction<'a>(mut self,
                                    consistent_snapshot: bool,
                                    isolation_level: Option<IsolationLevel>,
                                    readonly: Option<bool>) -> MyResult<Transaction<'a>> {
        let _ = try!(self.as_mut()._start_transaction(consistent_snapshot,
                                                      isolation_level,
                                                      readonly));
        Ok(Transaction::new_pooled(self))
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
#[allow(non_snake_case)]
mod test {
    use Opts;
    use OptsBuilder;

    pub static USER: &'static str = "root";
    pub static PASS: &'static str = "password";
    pub static ADDR: &'static str = "127.0.0.1";
    pub static PORT: u16          = 3307;

    #[cfg(feature = "openssl")]
    pub fn get_opts() -> Opts {
        let pwd: String = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PASS").unwrap_or(PASS.to_string());
        let port: u16 = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PORT").ok()
                                   .map(|my_port| my_port.parse().ok().unwrap_or(PORT))
                                   .unwrap_or(PORT);
        let mut builder = OptsBuilder::default();
        builder.user(Some(USER))
               .pass(Some(pwd))
               .ip_or_hostname(Some(ADDR))
               .tcp_port(port)
               .init(vec!["SET GLOBAL sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'"])
               .ssl_opts(Some(("tests/ca-cert.pem", None::<(String, String)>)));
        builder.into()
    }

    #[cfg(not(feature = "ssl"))]
    pub fn get_opts() -> Opts {
        let pwd: String = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PASS").unwrap_or(PASS.to_string());
        let port: u16 = ::std::env::var("MYSQL_SERVER_PORT").ok()
                                   .map(|my_port| my_port.parse().ok().unwrap_or(PORT))
                                   .unwrap_or(PORT);
        let mut builder = OptsBuilder::default();
        builder.user(Some(USER))
               .pass(Some(pwd))
               .ip_or_hostname(Some(ADDR))
               .tcp_port(port)
               .init(vec!["SET GLOBAL sql_mode = 'TRADITIONAL'"]);
        builder.into()
    }

    mod pool {
        use std::thread;

        use from_row;
        use super::get_opts;
        use super::super::Pool;
        use super::super::super::super::value::from_value;
        use super::super::super::super::error::{Error, DriverError};

        struct A {
            pool: Pool,
            x: u32,
        }

        impl A {
            fn add(&mut self) {
                self.x += 1;
            }
        }

        #[test]
        fn should_not_block_when_pool_capacity_goes_to_tls() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(1, 1, get_opts()).unwrap();
            let pool1 = pool.clone();
            thread::spawn(move || {
                pool1.get_conn().unwrap()
            }).join().unwrap();
            pool.get_conn().unwrap();
        }

        #[test]
        fn should_fix_connectivity_errors_on_prepare() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(2, 2, get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();

            let row = pool.first_exec("SELECT CONNECTION_ID();", ()).unwrap().unwrap();
            let (id,): (u32,) = from_row(row);

            conn.prep_exec("KILL CONNECTION ?", (id,)).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST").unwrap();
        }

        #[test]
        fn should_fix_connectivity_errors_on_prep_exec() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(2, 2, get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();

            let row = pool.first_exec("SELECT CONNECTION_ID();", ()).unwrap().unwrap();
            let (id,): (u32,) = from_row(row);

            conn.prep_exec("KILL CONNECTION ?", (id,)).unwrap();
            pool.prep_exec("SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST", ()).unwrap();
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_fix_connectivity_errors_on_start_transaction() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(2, 2, get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();

            let row = pool.first_exec("SELECT CONNECTION_ID();", ()).unwrap().unwrap();
            let (id,): (u32,) = from_row(row);

            conn.prep_exec("KILL CONNECTION ?", (id,)).unwrap();

            pool.start_transaction(false, None, None).unwrap();
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_execute_queryes_on_PooledConn() {
            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut threads = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0usize..10 {
                let pool = pool.clone();
                threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                    let conn = pool.get_conn();
                    assert!(conn.is_ok());
                    let mut conn = conn.unwrap();
                    assert!(conn.query("SELECT 1").is_ok());
                }));
            }
            for t in threads.into_iter() {
                assert!(t.join().is_ok());
            }
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_timeout_if_no_connections_available() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(0, 1, get_opts()).unwrap();
            let conn1 = pool.try_get_conn(357).unwrap();
            let conn2 = pool.try_get_conn(357);
            assert!(conn2.is_err());
            match conn2 {
                Err(Error::DriverError(DriverError::Timeout)) => assert!(true),
                _ => assert!(false),
            }
            drop(conn1);
            assert!(pool.try_get_conn(357).is_ok());
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_execute_statements_on_PooledConn() {
            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut threads = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0usize..10 {
                let pool = pool.clone();
                threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                    let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();
                    let mut stmt = conn.prepare("SELECT 1").unwrap();
                    assert!(stmt.execute(()).is_ok());
                }));
            }
            for t in threads.into_iter() {
                assert!(t.join().is_ok());
            }

            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut threads = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0usize..10 {
                let pool = pool.clone();
                threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                    let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();
                    conn.prep_exec("SELECT ?", (1,)).unwrap();
                }));
            }
            for t in threads.into_iter() {
                assert!(t.join().is_ok());
            }
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_execute_statements_on_Pool() {
            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut threads = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0usize..10 {
                let pool = pool.clone();
                threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                    let mut stmt = pool.prepare("SELECT 1").unwrap();
                    assert!(stmt.execute(()).is_ok());
                }));
            }
            for t in threads.into_iter() {
                assert!(t.join().is_ok());
            }

            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut threads = Vec::new();
            for _ in 0usize..10 {
                let pool = pool.clone();
                threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                    pool.prep_exec("SELECT ?", (1,)).unwrap();
                }));
            }
            for t in threads.into_iter() {
                assert!(t.join().is_ok());
            }
            pool.prep_exec("SELECT 1", ()).and_then(|mut res1| {
                pool.prep_exec("SELECT 2", ()).map(|mut res2| {
                    let (x1,) = from_row(res1.next().unwrap().unwrap());
                    let (x2,) = from_row(res2.next().unwrap().unwrap());
                    assert_eq!(1, x1);
                    assert_eq!(2, x2);
                })
            }).unwrap()
        }
        #[test]
        #[allow(unused_variables)]
        fn should_start_transaction_on_Pool() {
            let pool = Pool::new_manual(1, 10, get_opts()).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE x.tbl(a INT)").ok().map(|mut stmt| {
                assert!(stmt.execute(()).is_ok());
            });
            pool.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").unwrap();
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").unwrap();
                t.commit()
            }).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").ok().map(|mut stmt| {
                for x in stmt.execute(()).unwrap() {
                    let mut x = x.unwrap();
                    assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
                }
            });
            pool.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").unwrap();
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").unwrap();
                t.rollback()
            }).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").ok().map(|mut stmt| {
                for x in stmt.execute(()).unwrap() {
                    let mut x = x.unwrap();
                    assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
                }
            });
            pool.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").unwrap();
                t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").unwrap();
                Ok(())
            }).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").ok().map(|mut stmt| {
                for x in stmt.execute(()).unwrap() {
                    let mut x = x.unwrap();
                    assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
                }
            });
            let mut a = A {pool: pool, x: 0};
            let transaction = a.pool.start_transaction(false, None, None).unwrap();
            a.add();
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_start_transaction_on_PooledConn() {
            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            let mut conn = pool.get_conn().unwrap();
            assert!(conn.query("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE x.tbl(a INT)").is_ok());
            assert!(conn.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").is_ok());
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").is_ok());
                t.commit()
            }).is_ok());
            for x in conn.query("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").unwrap() {
                let mut x = x.unwrap();
                assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
            }
            assert!(conn.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").is_ok());
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").is_ok());
                t.rollback()
            }).is_ok());
            for x in conn.query("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").unwrap() {
                let mut x = x.unwrap();
                assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
            }
            assert!(conn.start_transaction(false, None, None).and_then(|mut t| {
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(1)").is_ok());
                assert!(t.query("INSERT INTO x.tbl(a) VALUES(2)").is_ok());
                Ok(())
            }).is_ok());
            for x in conn.query("SELECT COUNT(a) FROM x.tbl").unwrap() {
                let mut x = x.unwrap();
                assert_eq!(from_value::<u8>(x.take(0).unwrap()), 2u8);
            }
        }
        #[test]
        fn should_work_with_named_params() {
            let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
            pool.prepare("SELECT :a, :b, :a + :b, :abc").map(|mut stmt| {
                let mut result = stmt.execute(params!{
                    "a" => 1,
                    "b" => 2,
                    "abc" => 4,
                }).unwrap();
                let row = result.next().unwrap().unwrap();
                assert_eq!((1, 2, 3, 4), from_row(row));
            }).unwrap();

            let params = params!{"a" => 1, "b" => 2, "abc" => 4};
            pool.prep_exec("SELECT :a, :b, :a+:b, :abc", params).map(|mut result| {
                let row = result.next().unwrap().unwrap();
                assert_eq!((1, 2, 3, 4), from_row(row));
            }).unwrap();
        }

        #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
        mod bench {
            use test;
            use std::thread;
            use Pool;
            use super::super::get_opts;

            #[bench]
            fn many_prepares(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
                let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
                bencher.iter(|| {
                    pool.prepare("SELECT 1").unwrap();
                });
            }

            #[bench]
            fn many_prepexecs(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
                let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
                bencher.iter(|| {
                    pool.prep_exec("SELECT 1", ()).unwrap();
                });
            }

            #[bench]
            fn many_prepares_threaded(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
                let pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
                bencher.iter(|| {
                    let mut threads = Vec::new();
                    for _ in 0..4 {
                        let pool = pool.clone();
                        threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                            for _ in 0..250 {
                                test::black_box(
                                    pool.prep_exec("SELECT 1, 'hello world', 123.321, ?, ?, ?",
                                                   ("hello", "world", 65536)).unwrap()
                                );
                            }
                        }));
                    }
                    for t in threads {
                        t.join().unwrap();
                    }
                });
            }

            #[bench]
            fn many_prepares_threaded_no_cache(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
                let mut pool = Pool::new(get_opts()).unwrap();
                pool.use_cache(false);
                bencher.iter(|| {
                    let mut threads = Vec::new();
                    for _ in 0..4 {
                        let pool = pool.clone();
                        threads.push(thread::spawn(move || {
                            for _ in 0..250 {
                                test::black_box(
                                    pool.prep_exec("SELECT 1, 'hello world', 123.321, ?, ?, ?",
                                                   ("hello", "world", 65536)).unwrap()
                                );
                            }
                        }));
                    }
                    for t in threads {
                        t.join().unwrap();
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    }
}