mynt 0.1.0

#![doc = include_str!("../README.md")]
//!
//! # API
//!
//! The following are the utilities mynt provides to make error handling easier with proc-macros:
//!
//! ## Entry points
//!
//! Macros need to be wrapped in an entry point to use mynt's features (needed for quit + fallback support).
//!
//! - [`mynt!{}`](mynt): allows wrapping an inline/existing proc macros in lib.rs
//! - [`mynt_macro!(name => name_impl);`](mynt_macro): declares a function-like proc macro
//! - [`mynt_macro_attribute!(name => name_impl);`](mynt_macro_attribute): declares an attribute proc macro
//! - [`mynt_macro_derive!(name for Trait(attributes(attr))? => name_impl);`](mynt_macro_derive):
//! declares a derive proc macro
//!
//! ## Helpers
//!
//! Helpers make emitting diagnostics easy.
//! They can be called in two ways:
//! - `helper!(item);` for emitting a diagnostic from an item that implements [`Emittable`] (like strings or error types).
//! - `helper!(spans => message);` for emitting a diagnostic with a custom span and message.
//!
//! You can also call `helper!("message");` to use the call site span.
//!
//! - [`emit!()`]: Emit a diagnostic for a given [`Level`]
//! - [`help!()`]: Emit a help message (written to stderr on stable)
//! - [`note!()`]: Emit a note (written to stderr on stable)
//! - [`warn!()`]: Emit a warning (written to stderr on stable)
//! - [`error!()`]: Emit an error
//! - [`bail!()`]: Emit an error and return with the default value
//! - [`fatal!()`]: Emit an error and [`quit`]
//!
//! ### Assertions
//!
//! mynt provides equivalents to `assert_*!` macros that instead
//! call [`fatal!`] instead of [`panic!`] for cleaner error output.
//!
//! - [`mynt_assert!()`]: Ensures an expression is `true`
//! - [`mynt_assert_eq!()`]: Ensures two expressions are equal
//! - [`mynt_assert_ne!()`]: Ensures two expressions are not equal
//!
//! ### Low-level API
//!
//! mynt exposes some of its internals just in case.
//!
//! - [`Diagnostic`]: Manually write diagnostics
//! - [`Level`]: The level of diagnostic (Error/Warning/Note/Help)
//! - [`quit()`]: Quit the proc-macro and let mynt clean-up
//!
//! # Feature Flags
//!
//! - `default`: `proc-macro2`, `syn`
//! - `darling`: support for darling error conversion
//! - `nightly`: support for nightly Rust's `proc_macro_diagnostic` feature
//! - `proc-macro2`: support for proc-macro2 span conversion
//! - `syn`: support for syn error conversion
//! - `venial`: support for venial error conversion
//! - `yansi`: support for fallback (stable Rust) terminal coloring via yansi
//!
//! # Example
//!
//! This example (`/examples/attribute/src/lib.rs`) demonstrates the outer macro pattern,
//! a technique where we want to share information between invocations of macros
//! (like when we want to get information about items in a database schema),
//! which is not currently possible with macros (without risking determinism).
//!
//! Instead, we can wrap macros in an *outer* macro, which can then find those macros,
//! collect data from them, and then proceed with their implementations.
//!
//! This pattern shows how mynt can shine, by allowing inner macros to produce output,
//! even if other inner macros run into errors.
//!
//! ```
#![doc = include_str!("../example.rs")]
//! ```
//!
//! Check out `/examples` on the repository to see how this macro is used and other examples.

#![cfg_attr(feature = "nightly", feature(proc_macro_diagnostic))]

extern crate proc_macro;

#[cfg(not(feature = "nightly"))]
pub mod fallback;

/// Type alias to the available diagnostic struct.
#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
pub type Diagnostic = proc_macro::Diagnostic;

/// Type alias to the available diagnostic struct.
#[cfg(not(feature = "nightly"))]
pub type Diagnostic = fallback::Diagnostic;

/// Type alias to the available diagnostic level enum.
#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
pub type Level = proc_macro::Level;

/// Type alias to the available diagnostic level enum.
#[cfg(not(feature = "nightly"))]
pub type Level = fallback::Level;

/// Helper trait implemented by types that can be converted to a multispan.
pub trait ToSpans {
    fn to_spans(self) -> Vec<proc_macro::Span>;
}

impl ToSpans for proc_macro::Span {
    fn to_spans(self) -> Vec<proc_macro::Span> {
        vec![self]
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "proc-macro2")]
impl ToSpans for proc_macro2::Span {
    fn to_spans(self) -> Vec<proc_macro::Span> {
        vec![self.unwrap()]
    }
}

/// Trait implemented by types that can be emitted through diagnostics.
pub trait Emittable {
    /// Emits a [`Diagnostic`].
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self);
}

impl Emittable for &str {
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self) {
        Diagnostic::spanned(proc_macro::Span::call_site(), level, this).emit();
    }
}

impl Emittable for String {
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self) {
        Diagnostic::spanned(proc_macro::Span::call_site(), level, this).emit();
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "syn")]
impl Emittable for syn::Error {
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self) {
        for err in this.into_iter() {
            Diagnostic::spanned(err.span().unwrap(), level, err.to_string()).emit();
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "venial")]
impl Emittable for venial::Error {
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self) {
        // venial doesn't provide a way to iterate over errors,
        // so this hack will suffice by filtering out string literals as messages
        emit_compile_error_tokens_as_diagnostics(level, this.to_compile_error().into());
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "darling")]
impl Emittable for darling_core::error::Error {
    fn emit(level: Level, this: Self) {
        // if darling has diagnostics enabled, we need to let it handle emitting them
        // since there is no way to get the diagnostic level from darling directly
        emit_compile_error_tokens_as_diagnostics(level, this.write_errors().into());
        // we can't cfg(feature = "dep:darling_core/diagnostics"), but if we could,
        // we would be able to iterate over non-diagnostic errors directly
    }
}

/// Helper for emitting a diagnostic.
///
/// Has two forms (for macros based on this one, leave out `level`):
/// - `($level:expr, $item:expr)`: emit a diagnostic with [`Level`] `level` and [`Emittable`] `item`
/// - `($level:expr, $spans:expr => $message:expr)`:
/// emit a diagnostic with [`Level`] `level` at [`ToSpans`] `spans` and [`Into<ToString>`] `message`.
///
/// For error types that can't implement [`Emittable`] (due to orphan rules),
/// it is recommended to use the newtype pattern.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! emit {
    ($level:expr, $item:expr) => {{
        $crate::Emittable::emit($level, $item);
    }};
    ($level:expr, $spans:expr => $message:expr) => {
        $crate::Diagnostic::spanned($crate::ToSpans::to_spans($spans), $level, $message).emit()
    };
    ($level:expr, $spans:expr => $($message:tt)*) => {
        $crate::Diagnostic::spanned($crate::ToSpans::to_spans($spans), $level, ::std::format!($($message)*)).emit()
    };
}

/// Helper for emitting a [`Level::Help`] diagnostic.
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! help {
    ($($input:tt)*) => ($crate::emit!($crate::Level::Help, $($input)*))
}

/// Helper for emitting a [`Level::Note`] diagnostic.
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! note {
    ($($input:tt)*) => ($crate::emit!($crate::Level::Note, $($input)*))
}

/// Helper for emitting a [`Level::Warning`] diagnostic.
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! warn {
    ($($input:tt)*) => ($crate::emit!($crate::Level::Warning, $($input)*))
}

/// Helper for emitting a [`Level::Error`] diagnostic.
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! error {
    ($($input:tt)*) => ($crate::emit!($crate::Level::Error, $($input)*))
}

/// Emit an error diagnostic and then exit the current function with the [`Default::default`] value.
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! bail {
    ($item:expr) => {{
        $crate::Emittable::emit($crate::Level::Error, $item);
        return ::proc_macro::TokenStream::new().into();
    }};
    ($spans:expr => $message:expr) => {{
        $crate::Diagnostic::spanned(
            $crate::ToSpans::to_spans($spans),
            $crate::Level::Error,
            $message,
        )
        .emit();
        return ::core::default::Default::default();
    }};
}

/// Emit an error diagnostic and then [`quit`].
///
/// See [`emit!()`] for usage.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! fatal {
    ($item:expr) => {{
        $crate::Emittable::emit($crate::Level::Error, $item);
        $crate::quit();
    }};
    ($spans:expr => $message:expr) => {{
        $crate::Diagnostic::spanned(
            $crate::ToSpans::to_spans($spans),
            $crate::Level::Error,
            $message,
        )
        .emit();
        $crate::quit();
    }};
}

/// Asserts that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime.
///
/// This will invoke the [`fatal!`] macro if the provided expression
/// cannot be evaluated to true at runtime.
///
/// # Custom Messages
/// Like [`std::assert!`], it has a second form, where a custom error message can
/// be provided with or without arguments for formatting. See [`std::fmt`]
/// for syntax for this form. Expressions used as format arguments will only
/// be evaluated if the assertion fails.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_assert {
    ($cond:expr $(,)?) => {{
        if !($cond) {
            $crate::fatal!(::core::stringify!($cond));
        }
    }};
    ($cond:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {{
        if !($cond) {
            $crate::fatal!(::std::format!($($arg:tt)+));
        }
    }};
}

/// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other (using [`std::cmp::PartialEq`]).
///
/// Like [`mynt_assert!`], this macro has a second form, where a custom panic message can be provided.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_assert_eq {
    ($left:expr, $right:expr $(,)?) => {
        match (&$left, &$right) {
            (left_val, right_val) => {
                if !(*left_val == *right_val) {
                    let kind = $crate::AssertKind::Eq;
                    $crate::assert_failed(
                        kind,
                        &*left_val,
                        &*right_val,
                        ::core::option::Option::None
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    };
    ($left:expr, $right:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {
        match (&$left, &$right) {
            (left_val, right_val) => {
                if !(*left_val == *right_val) {
                    let kind = $crate::AssertKind::Eq;
                    $crate::assert_failed(
                        kind,
                        &*left_val,
                        &*right_val,
                        ::core::option::Option::Some(::core::format_args!($($arg)+))
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

/// Asserts that two expressions are not equal to each other (using [`std::cmp::PartialEq`]).
///
/// Like [`mynt_assert!`], this macro has a second form, where a custom panic message can be provided.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_assert_ne {
    ($left:expr, $right:expr $(,)?) => {
        match (&$left, &$right) {
            (left_val, right_val) => {
                if !(*left_val != *right_val) {
                    let kind = $crate::AssertKind::Ne;
                    $crate::assert_failed(
                        kind,
                        &*left_val,
                        &*right_val,
                        ::core::option::Option::None
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    };
    ($left:expr, $right:expr, $($arg:tt)+) => {
        match (&$left, &$right) {
            (left_val, right_val) => {
                if !(*left_val != *right_val) {
                    let kind = $crate::AssertKind::Ne;
                    $crate::assert_failed(
                        kind,
                        &*left_val,
                        &*right_val,
                        ::core::option::Option::Some(::core::format_args!($($arg)+))
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    };
}

#[derive(Debug)]
#[doc(hidden)]
pub enum AssertKind {
    Eq,
    Ne,
    Match, // TODO: maybe implement mynt_assert_matches!
}

#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn assert_failed(
    kind: AssertKind,
    left: &dyn core::fmt::Debug,
    right: &dyn core::fmt::Debug,
    args: Option<core::fmt::Arguments<'_>>,
) -> ! {
    let op = match kind {
        AssertKind::Eq => "==",
        AssertKind::Ne => "!=",
        AssertKind::Match => "matches",
    };

    match args {
        Some(args) => {
            Diagnostic::spanned(
                proc_macro::Span::call_site(),
                Level::Error,
                format!(
                    "assertion `left {op} right` failed: {args}\n  left: {left:?}\n right: {right:?}"
                ),
            )
            .emit();
            quit();
        }
        None => {
            Diagnostic::spanned(
                proc_macro::Span::call_site(),
                Level::Error,
                format!("assertion `left {op} right` failed:\n  left: {left:?}\n right: {right:?}"),
            )
            .emit();
            quit();
        }
    }
}

/// A marker struct for panics originating from mynt interfaces.
struct MyntPanicMarker;

/// Panics with a marker that allows mynt to safely emit any errors accumulated
/// before returning an empty token stream.
pub fn quit() -> ! {
    ::std::panic::panic_any(MyntPanicMarker);
}

// handles caught panics that originate from mynt
#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn quit_handler(err: Box<dyn std::any::Any + Send>) -> proc_macro::TokenStream {
    if err.downcast_ref::<MyntPanicMarker>().is_some() {
        proc_macro::TokenStream::new()
    } else {
        ::std::panic::resume_unwind(err)
    }
}

/// Extension trait for [`Result`].
pub trait MyntResultExt<T, E>: Sized {
    /// Returns the contained [`Ok`] value or [`quit`]s the proc-macro.
    ///
    /// Quitting will emit the error as a diagnostic.
    fn unwrap_or_quit(self) -> T
    where
        E: Emittable;

    /// Returns the contained [`Ok`] value or returns a [`compile_error!`] token stream.
    ///
    /// The token stream is parsed for string literals which are emitted as diagnostics.
    /// This is a fallback if [`MyntResultExt::unwrap_or_quit`] doesn't support
    /// an error type, but a `to_compile_error` method is available.
    fn unwrap_or_compile_error<F, R>(self, f: F) -> T
    where
        F: FnOnce(&E) -> R,
        R: Into<proc_macro::TokenStream>;
}

impl<T, E> MyntResultExt<T, E> for Result<T, E> {
    fn unwrap_or_quit(self) -> T
    where
        E: Emittable,
    {
        match self {
            Ok(val) => val,
            Err(err) => {
                Emittable::emit(Level::Error, err);
                quit();
            }
        }
    }

    fn unwrap_or_compile_error<F, R>(self, f: F) -> T
    where
        F: FnOnce(&E) -> R,
        R: Into<proc_macro::TokenStream>,
    {
        match self {
            Ok(val) => val,
            Err(err) => {
                let tokens: proc_macro::TokenStream = f(&err).into();
                emit_compile_error_tokens_as_diagnostics(Level::Error, tokens);
                std::panic::panic_any(MyntPanicMarker);
            }
        }
    }
}

fn emit_compile_error_tokens_as_diagnostics(level: Level, tokens: proc_macro::TokenStream) {
    fn handle_tt(level: Level, tt: proc_macro::TokenTree) {
        match tt {
            proc_macro::TokenTree::Group(group) => {
                group
                    .stream()
                    .into_iter()
                    .for_each(|tt| handle_tt(level, tt));
            }
            proc_macro::TokenTree::Literal(literal) => {
                Diagnostic::spanned(literal.span(), level, literal.to_string()).emit();
            }
            _ => (),
        }
    }

    tokens.into_iter().for_each(|tt| handle_tt(level, tt));
}

#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn enter_diagnostics() {
    #[cfg(not(feature = "nightly"))]
    fallback::enter_diagnostics();
}

#[doc(hidden)]
pub fn exit_diagnostics(tokens: &mut proc_macro::TokenStream) {
    #[cfg(not(feature = "nightly"))]
    fallback::exit_diagnostics(tokens);
}

#[doc(hidden)]
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_impl {
    ($($call:tt)*) => {
        {
            $crate::enter_diagnostics();
            let result = ::std::panic::catch_unwind(|| $($call)*);
            let mut tokens: ::proc_macro::TokenStream = match result {
                Ok(value) => value.into(),
                Err(err) => $crate::quit_handler(err),
            };
            $crate::exit_diagnostics(&mut tokens);
            tokens
        }
    };
}

/// General use entrypoint that wraps any proc-macro.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt {
    {
        $(#[$meta:meta])*
        $vis:vis fn $name:ident
        ($($arg_name:ident : $arg_type:ty),*)
        -> $ret:ty
        $body:block
    } => {
        $(#[$meta])*
        $vis fn $name($($arg_name: ::proc_macro::TokenStream),*) -> ::proc_macro::TokenStream {
            fn f($($arg_name: $arg_type),*) -> $ret $body
            $crate::mynt_impl!(f($($arg_name.into()),*))
        }
    };
}

/// Declares a function-like proc-macro entrypoint.
///
/// # Usage
///
/// Calling `mynt_macro!(name => name_impl);` will declare a new macro called `name`
/// which calls the implementation `name_impl`.
///
/// `name_impl` must have a signature compatible with
/// `fn(impl Into<TokenStream>) -> impl Into<TokenStream>`.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_macro {
    ($name:ident => $f:ident) => {
        #[proc_macro]
        pub fn $name(input: ::proc_macro::TokenStream) -> ::proc_macro::TokenStream {
            $crate::mynt_impl!($f(input.into()))
        }
    };
}

/// Declares an attribute proc-macro entrypoint.
///
/// # Usage
///
/// Calling `mynt_macro_attribute!(name => name_impl);` will declare
/// a new attribute macro called `name` which calls the implementation `name_impl`.
///
/// `name_impl` must have the signature compatible with
/// `fn(impl Into<TokenStream>, impl Into<TokenStream>) -> impl Into<TokenStream>`.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_macro_attribute {
    ($name:ident => $f:ident) => {
        #[proc_macro_attribute]
        pub fn $name(
            attr: ::proc_macro::TokenStream,
            input: ::proc_macro::TokenStream,
        ) -> ::proc_macro::TokenStream {
            $crate::mynt_impl!($f(attr.into(), input.into()))
        }
    };
}

/// Declares a derive proc-macro entrypoint.
///
/// # Usage
///
/// Calling `mynt_macro_derive!(name for Trait => name_impl);` will declare
/// a new derive macro called `name` which calls the implementation `name_impl`.
///
/// Helper attributes can also be declared by adding `(attributes(attrs))`
/// after the `Trait`.
///
/// `name_impl` must have the signature compatible with
/// `fn(impl Into<TokenStream>) -> impl Into<TokenStream>`.
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! mynt_macro_derive {
    ($name:ident for $trait:ident $((attributes($($attr:ident),*)))? => $f:ident) => {
        #[proc_macro_derive($trait $(, attributes($($attr),*))?)]
        pub fn $name(
            input: ::proc_macro::TokenStream,
        ) -> ::proc_macro::TokenStream {
            $crate::mynt_impl!($f(input.into()))
        }
    };
}