mos-hardware 0.4.0

Hardware register tables and support functions for 8-bit retro computers like the Commodore 64, MEGA65 and others.
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[![Open in Dev Containers](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=Dev%20Containers&message=Open&color=blue&logo=visualstudiocode)](https://vscode.dev/redirect?url=vscode://ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers/cloneInVolume?url=https://github.com/mlund/mos-hardware)
[![Crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/mos-hardware)](https://crates.io/crates/mos-hardware)
[![docs.rs](https://img.shields.io/docsrs/mos-hardware)](https://docs.rs/mos-hardware/latest/mos_hardware)

# MOS-Hardware

This crate contains hardware register tables and support functions for
8-bit retro computers like the Commodore 64, Commander X16, MEGA65 and others.
Please check the [`examples`](https://github.com/mlund/mos-hardware/tree/main/examples)
directory to see how Rust can be used to generate simple demo effects.

## Aims

- Excellent support for Rust programming on CBM (inspired) 8-bit computers
- Labelled registers for expressive hardware programming
- Intuitive bitflags with type checks where possible
- Minimum resource impact

## Examples

### Read and write to labelled hardware registers

~~~ rust
use mos_hardware::{c64, vic2};
let old_border_color = c64::vic2().border_color.read();
unsafe {
    c64::vic2().border_color.write(vic2::LIGHT_RED);
    c64::sid().potentiometer_x.write(3); // compile error: read-only register
}
~~~

### Use bitflags to safely control hardware

...for example where the VIC-II chip accesses screen memory and character sets:

~~~ rust
use mos_hardware::{c64, vic2};
let bank = vic2::ScreenBank::AT_2C00.bits() | vic2::CharsetBank::AT_2000.bits();
unsafe {
    c64::vic2().screen_and_charset_bank.write(bank);
}
~~~

### Convenience functions to perform hardware-specific tasks

...for example to generate random numbers using noise from the C64's SID chip:

~~~ rust
use mos_hardware::c64::*;
clear_screen();
sid().start_random_generator();
let value = sid().random_byte();
~~~

## Getting started

The project requires [rust-mos](https://github.com/mrk-its/rust-mos) and
is setup to build for C64 by default.
A docker image of rust-mos is [available](https://hub.docker.com/r/mrkits/rust-mos) if you
do not fancy compiling LLVM.
If you want to start a new project which uses `mos-hardware`, there's a
[Github Template](https://github.com/mlund/mos-hardware-template).

### Docker and Visual Studio Code

The easiest way is to use the provided `.devcontainer.json` configuration for Visual Studio Code.
Before starting up VSC, you may want to edit `.devcontainer.json` to point to a recent, tagged image of
[`mrkits/rust-mos`](https://hub.docker.com/r/mrkits/rust-mos/tags).
In particular, if you're on an ARM architecture, e.g. Apple Silicon, make sure to use an image compiled for
`linux/arm64` as emulating x86 in Docker is painfully slow.

1. Install and start [Docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/)
2. Configure Visual Studio Code with the _Remote - Containers_ extension:
   ~~~ bash
   cd mos-hardware
   code --install-extension ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
   code .
   ~~~
   When asked, re-open in _Dev container_.
3. Inside a VSC terminal, build with:
   ~~~ bash
   cargo build --release --target mos-c64-none  --example c64-plasma
   ~~~
4. Find the binary in `target/` and run in an emulator or transfer to real hardware.

### Troubleshooting

- If you encounter issues with `cargo/home`, force older version `cargo update -p home@0.5.9 --precise 0.5.5`

## Status

The hardware registers are currently incomplete and the library may
be subject to significant changes.

- [Commodore 64](https://www.c64-wiki.com/wiki/C64):
  - [x] `sid`
  - [x] `vic2`
  - [x] `cia` (partially)
  - [x] `c64` memory map (particlly)
  - [x] PSID file support for SID music
  - [x] Random number trait (`RngCore`)
- [Commander X16](https://www.commanderx16.com)
  - [x] `vera`
  - [x] `via` (partially)
  - [x] `cx16` Memory map (partially)
  - [ ] Support functions
- [MEGA65](https://mega65.org):
  - [x] partial support for vic3, vic4 and other hardware registers.
  - [x] [mega65-libc](https://github.com/MEGA65/mega65-libc) bindings
  - [x] Random number traits (`RngCore`, `SeedableRng`)
  - [x] Iterator to 28-bit address space
- [Examples](https://github.com/mlund/mos-hardware/tree/main/examples):
  - [x] Plasma effect (c64, mega65)
  - [x] Raster IRQ (c64)
  - [x] Sprites (c64)
  - [x] Smooth x-scrooll (c64)
  - [x] Joystick read (c64)
  - [x] 10print maze (c64)
  - [x] Memory iteration and fat pointers (mega65)