monochromatic-git-policy-cli 0.5.33

//! What:
//!  `git reset <tree> -- <paths>` on an index held in memory: for every path the literal pathspecs name, the entries of the
//!  index become the entries of the tree, as `update_index_from_diff` in `builtin/reset.c` leaves them.
//! Why:
//!  A mixed reset with paths compares the tree with the index (`diff_cache` in `diff-lib.c`) and, for each difference,
//!  removes the index entry (`remove_file_from_index`) or adds an entry made from the tree's mode and object name with
//!  all-zero stat data (`make_cache_entry`, `add_index_entry` in `read-cache.c`), so the next `git status` hashes the file.
//!  Every extension a change touches follows Git: the cache-tree is invalidated, the untracked cache is cleared for the
//!  path, removed unmerged entries go to resolve-undo, and the fsmonitor bitmap lists the new entries as dirty. A form whose
//!  result depends on more than that (a file-directory conflict between the tree and the index, a name Git refuses, a racily
//!  clean entry that Git would hash from the worktree) returns `None`, so Git answers.
//!
//! In TS you'd write (pseudocode):
//! ```ts
//! const done: boolean = resetPaths(index, names, treeEntries, settings, timestampSeconds); // false: ask Git
//! ```

use crate::index_full::{FullEntry, FullIndex, SKIP_WORKTREE};
use crate::index_settings::{IndexSettings, UntrackedMode};
use crate::index_stat::StatData;
use crate::repo_read_tree::{FlatEntry, MODE_GITLINK};

/// The mode a regular file with an executable bit gets in the index.
const MODE_EXECUTABLE: u32 = 0o100_755;

/// The mode of a regular file in the index.
const MODE_FILE: u32 = 0o100_644;

/// The mode of a symbolic link.
const MODE_LINK: u32 = 0o120_000;

/// What `create_ce_mode` makes of a tree entry's mode.
fn index_mode(mode: u32) -> u32 {
    if mode & 0o170_000 == MODE_LINK {
        return MODE_LINK;
    }
    if mode & 0o170_000 == 0o040_000 || mode & 0o170_000 == MODE_GITLINK {
        return MODE_GITLINK;
    }
    return if mode & 0o100 != 0 { MODE_EXECUTABLE } else { MODE_FILE };
}

/// Whether `rest` is only the spaces and dots NTFS drops from the end of a name.
fn only_spaces_and_dots(rest: &[u8]) -> bool {
    return rest.iter().all(|byte| { return *byte == b' ' || *byte == b'.'; });
}

/// What:
///  Git's `is_ntfs_dotgitmodules` (`path.c:1451-1522`, `is_ntfs_dot_generic` with the name `gitmodules` and the hashed short-name
///  prefix `gi7eba`) for one path component: `.gitmodules`, its short form `gitmod~1` to `gitmod~4`, and the fall-back short name
///  NTFS makes from the hash (`GI7EBA~1`), each followed only by spaces and dots or a stream.
/// Why:
///   A link with any of these names is refused by Git with the NTFS protection on, so the update must decline it.
///
/// In TS you'd write (pseudocode):
/// ```ts
/// const refused: boolean = isNtfsDotGitmodules(component);
/// ```
fn is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(name: &[u8]) -> bool {
    // The component ends where Git's string would: a position past the end reads as the terminating NUL.
    let at = |index: usize| -> u8 { return name.get(index).copied().unwrap_or(0); };
    let spaces_and_periods = |start: usize| -> bool {
        for index in start.. {
            let byte: u8 = at(index);
            if byte == 0 || byte == b':' {
                return true;
            }
            if byte != b' ' && byte != b'.' {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return false;
    };
    if at(0) == b'.' && name.len() > 10 && name[1..11].eq_ignore_ascii_case(b"gitmodules") {
        return spaces_and_periods(11);
    }
    if name.len() > 5 && name[..6].eq_ignore_ascii_case(b"gitmod") && at(6) == b'~' && (b'1'..=b'4').contains(&at(7)) {
        return spaces_and_periods(8);
    }
    let (mut index, mut saw_tilde): (usize, bool) = (0, false);
    while index < 8 {
        let byte: u8 = at(index);
        if byte == 0 {
            return false;
        } else if saw_tilde {
            if !byte.is_ascii_digit() {
                return false;
            }
        } else if byte == b'~' {
            index += 1;
            if !(b'1'..=b'9').contains(&at(index)) {
                return false;
            }
            saw_tilde = true;
        } else if index >= 6 || byte & 0x80 != 0 || byte.to_ascii_lowercase() != b"gi7eba"[index] {
            return false;
        }
        index += 1;
    }
    return spaces_and_periods(8);
}

/// What:
///  Whether one path component is one Git's name checks (`verify_path_internal` in `read-cache.c` with `core.protectNTFS`,
///  which is on by default, and `core.protectHFS`) cannot refuse or alias to a refused name.
/// Why:
///   Git refuses `.`, `..` and `.git` in any case; with the protections on it also refuses the spellings a file system folds
///  to `.git` (trailing spaces and dots, the `::$INDEX_ALLOCATION` stream, `git~1`, the ignorable characters of a case-folding
///  disk) and, for a link, the same spellings of `.gitmodules` (`is_ntfs_dotgit`, `is_ntfs_dotgitmodules`, `is_hfs_dotgit`,
///  `is_hfs_dotgitmodules` in `path.c` and `utf8.c`). A backslash and a colon separate or open a stream on those disks. This
///  declines every such spelling whatever the settings say, which is a superset of what Git refuses with them on, so the
///  update never writes a name Git would not and Git answers the rest.
///
/// In TS you'd write (pseudocode):
/// ```ts
/// const plain = (component, isLink) => !/[\\:]/.test(component) && !aliasesDotGit(component) && !(isLink && aliasesDotGitmodules(component));
/// ```
fn component_is_plain(component: &[u8], is_link: bool) -> bool {
    let lowered: Vec<u8> = component.to_ascii_lowercase();
    let dot_git_like: bool = lowered.strip_prefix(b".git").is_some_and(only_spaces_and_dots);
    let dot_gitmodules_like: bool = is_link && (is_ntfs_dotgitmodules(component) || lowered.strip_prefix(b".gitmodules").is_some_and(only_spaces_and_dots) || lowered.starts_with(b"gitmod~"));
    // The ignorable characters of a case-folding disk: U+2000 to U+206F begin with E2 80 or E2 81, and U+FEFF is EF BB BF.
    let ignorable: bool = component.windows(2).any(|pair| { return pair == [0xe2, 0x80] || pair == [0xe2, 0x81]; }) || component.windows(3).any(|triple| { return triple == [0xef, 0xbb, 0xbf]; });
    let separators: bool = component.contains(&b'\\') || component.contains(&b':');
    return !component.is_empty() && component != b"." && component != b".." && !separators && !dot_git_like && !dot_gitmodules_like && !lowered.starts_with(b"git~") && !ignorable;
}

/// Whether Git could refuse the path or treat it specially on a file system that folds names; those paths are left to Git.
fn path_is_plain(path: &[u8], mode: u32) -> bool {
    if path.is_empty() {
        return false;
    }
    return path.split(|byte| { return *byte == b'/'; }).all(|component| { return component_is_plain(component, mode & 0o170_000 == MODE_LINK); });
}

/// Whether the path is one a literal pathspec `name` selects: the name itself or anything below it.
fn selected(path: &[u8], names: &[Vec<u8>]) -> bool {
    return names.iter().any(|name| { return path == name.as_slice() || (path.starts_with(name.as_slice()) && path.get(name.len()) == Some(&b'/')); });
}

/// The position of the first entry whose path is not before `path`.
fn first_at(entries: &[FullEntry], path: &[u8]) -> usize {
    return entries.partition_point(|entry| { return entry.path.as_slice() < path; });
}

/// Whether the index holds an entry below the directory `path/` or at one of the directories above `path`.
fn has_directory_conflict(entries: &[FullEntry], path: &[u8]) -> bool {
    let mut below: Vec<u8> = path.to_vec();
    below.push(b'/');
    let start: usize = first_at(entries, below.as_slice());
    if entries.get(start).is_some_and(|entry| { return entry.path.starts_with(below.as_slice()); }) {
        return true;
    }
    return path.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, byte)| { return **byte == b'/'; }).any(|(slash, _)| {
        let above: &[u8] = &path[..slash];
        let at: usize = first_at(entries, above);
        return entries.get(at).is_some_and(|entry| { return entry.path.as_slice() == above; });
    });
}

/// Everything the changes to one index need besides the index.
struct Edit<'a> {
    /// The index being changed.
    index: &'a mut FullIndex,
    /// What Git's configuration makes of the extensions.
    settings: IndexSettings,
}

impl Edit<'_> {
    /// Clear the untracked cache for `path`, if there is one (`untracked_cache_invalidate_path`).
    fn forget_untracked(&mut self, path: &[u8]) {
        if let Some(cache) = self.index.untracked.as_mut() {
            cache.invalidate_path(path);
        }
    }

    /// Take the entries named `path` out of the index, remembering unmerged ones for resolve-undo (`remove_index_entry_at`).
    fn take_entries(&mut self, path: &[u8]) {
        let start: usize = first_at(self.index.entries.as_slice(), path);
        while self.index.entries.get(start).is_some_and(|entry| { return entry.path.as_slice() == path; }) {
            let gone: FullEntry = self.index.entries.remove(start);
            if gone.stage() != 0 {
                self.index.resolve_undo.get_or_insert_with(Default::default).record(gone.path.as_slice(), gone.stage(), gone.mode, gone.id.as_slice());
            }
        }
    }

    /// `remove_file_from_index`.
    fn remove(&mut self, path: &[u8]) {
        if let Some(tree) = self.index.cache_tree.as_mut() {
            tree.invalidate(path);
        }
        self.forget_untracked(path);
        self.take_entries(path);
    }

    /// `add_index_entry` with the add and replace options, for an entry made from the tree.
    fn put(&mut self, wanted: &FlatEntry) {
        let path: &[u8] = wanted.path.as_slice();
        if let Some(tree) = self.index.cache_tree.as_mut() {
            tree.invalidate(path);
        }
        let start: usize = first_at(self.index.entries.as_slice(), path);
        let existing: Option<usize> = self.index.entries.get(start).filter(|entry| { return entry.path.as_slice() == path && entry.stage() == 0; }).map(|_| { return start; });
        // An entry that was outside the checkout stays outside it.
        let skip: u16 = existing.map_or(0, |at| { return self.index.entries[at].extended & SKIP_WORKTREE; });
        let made: FullEntry = FullEntry {
            stat: StatData::default(),
            mode: index_mode(wanted.mode),
            id: wanted.id.clone(),
            flags: 0,
            extended: skip,
            path: wanted.path.clone(),
            monitor_valid: false,
        };
        if let Some(at) = existing {
            self.index.entries[at] = made;
            // Replacing an entry clears the untracked cache only when fsmonitor is on (`mark_fsmonitor_invalid`).
            if self.settings.monitor {
                self.forget_untracked(path);
            }
            return;
        }
        self.forget_untracked(path);
        // A resolved entry replaces every unmerged entry of the path.
        self.take_entries(path);
        let at: usize = first_at(self.index.entries.as_slice(), path);
        self.index.entries.insert(at, made);
    }
}

/// What the reader of the extensions must settle before the entries change: fsmonitor and the untracked cache as Git's read
/// leaves them. `None` for a combination this update does not reproduce.
fn prepare_extensions(index: &mut FullIndex, settings: IndexSettings) -> Option<()> {
    if settings.monitor {
        let dirty: Vec<usize> = index.fsmonitor.as_ref()?.dirty.clone();
        if dirty.iter().any(|position| { return *position >= index.entries.len(); }) {
            return None;
        }
        for entry in &mut index.entries {
            entry.monitor_valid = entry.mode != MODE_GITLINK;
        }
        for position in dirty {
            index.entries[position].monitor_valid = false;
        }
    } else {
        index.fsmonitor = None;
    }
    match settings.untracked {
        UntrackedMode::Keep => {}
        UntrackedMode::Write => {
            index.untracked.as_ref()?;
        }
        UntrackedMode::Remove => index.untracked = None,
    }
    return Some(());
}

/// What:
///  Make the entries of `names` (and below) equal to `tree`'s, as `git reset <tree> -- <names>` does; `tree` holds the
///  tree's entries under those names in path order. `None` when the result is not the plain case described above, with the
///  index then in an unspecified state.
/// Why:
///   `timestamp_seconds` is the index file's modification time: an entry that stays and was recorded in that second or later
///  is racily clean, and Git would compare it with the worktree while writing, which this update does not.
///
/// In TS you'd write (pseudocode):
/// ```ts
/// function resetPaths(index: FullIndex, names: Uint8Array[], tree: FlatEntry[], settings: IndexSettings, timestampSeconds: number): void | undefined;
/// ```
pub fn reset_paths(index: &mut FullIndex, names: &[Vec<u8>], tree: &[FlatEntry], settings: IndexSettings, timestamp_seconds: u32) -> Option<()> {
    if names.iter().any(|name| { return !path_is_plain(name.as_slice(), 0) || name.last() == Some(&b'/'); }) {
        return None;
    }
    prepare_extensions(index, settings)?;
    // The paths that differ, in path order: each is in the tree, the index or both.
    let mut paths: Vec<Vec<u8>> = tree.iter().map(|entry| { return entry.path.clone(); }).collect();
    paths.extend(index.entries.iter().filter(|entry| { return selected(entry.path.as_slice(), names); }).map(|entry| { return entry.path.clone(); }));
    paths.sort();
    paths.dedup();
    let mut edit: Edit<'_> = Edit { index, settings };
    for path in paths {
        let wanted: Option<&FlatEntry> = tree.binary_search_by(|entry| { return entry.path.cmp(&path); }).ok().map(|at| { return &tree[at]; });
        let start: usize = first_at(edit.index.entries.as_slice(), path.as_slice());
        let held: Vec<&FullEntry> = edit.index.entries[start..].iter().take_while(|entry| { return entry.path == path; }).collect();
        match wanted {
            None => edit.remove(path.as_slice()),
            Some(entry) => {
                // The same mode and object name is no difference, whatever the flags of the index entry say.
                let same: bool = matches!(held.as_slice(), [only] if only.stage() == 0 && only.mode == index_mode(entry.mode) && only.id == entry.id);
                if same {
                    continue;
                }
                if !path_is_plain(entry.path.as_slice(), index_mode(entry.mode)) || has_directory_conflict(edit.index.entries.as_slice(), entry.path.as_slice()) {
                    return None;
                }
                edit.put(entry);
            }
        }
    }
    // Git hashes a racily clean entry from the worktree when it writes the index; that is left to Git.
    let racy: bool = index.entries.iter().any(|entry| { return entry.mode != MODE_GITLINK && timestamp_seconds <= entry.stat.mtime_sec; });
    if racy {
        return None;
    }
    return Some(());
}

#[cfg(test)]
#[path = "index_reset_tests.rs"]
mod tests;