modo-rs 0.6.2

Rust web framework for small monolithic apps
Documentation
# modo::ip

Client IP address resolution for reverse-proxy deployments.

`ClientIpLayer` is a Tower middleware that inspects `X-Forwarded-For` and
`X-Real-IP` headers, applies an optional trusted-proxy allowlist to prevent
spoofing, and stores the resolved address as a `ClientIp` extension on every
request. Handlers read it with the `ClientIp` axum extractor.

## Key Types

| Type                | Description                                        |
| ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
| `ClientIpLayer`     | Tower layer; add to the router with `.layer()`     |
| `ClientIp`          | Axum extractor; wraps `std::net::IpAddr`           |
| `extract_client_ip` | Low-level resolution function (headers + fallback) |

Both `ClientIp` and `ClientIpLayer` are re-exported at the crate root:
`modo::ClientIp` / `modo::ClientIpLayer`.

## Usage

### Without trusted proxies

Trust all proxy headers unconditionally. Use this when every request
already passes through a load balancer you control.

```rust
use axum::{Router, routing::get};
use modo::ClientIpLayer;

let app: Router = Router::new()
    .route("/", get(handler))
    .layer(ClientIpLayer::new());

async fn handler(modo::ClientIp(ip): modo::ClientIp) -> String {
    ip.to_string()
}
```

### With trusted proxies

Only trust `X-Forwarded-For` and `X-Real-IP` when the connection originates
from a known CIDR range. Requests from other addresses use the raw socket IP.

```rust
use axum::{Router, routing::get};
use modo::ClientIpLayer;

let proxies: Vec<ipnet::IpNet> = vec![
    "10.0.0.0/8".parse().unwrap(),
    "172.16.0.0/12".parse().unwrap(),
];

let app: Router = Router::new()
    .route("/ip", get(handler))
    .layer(ClientIpLayer::with_trusted_proxies(proxies));

async fn handler(modo::ClientIp(ip): modo::ClientIp) -> String {
    ip.to_string()
}
```

### Loading trusted proxies from config

`modo::Config` exposes a `trusted_proxies: Vec<String>` field (YAML key
`trusted_proxies`). Parse it at startup and pass to `ClientIpLayer`:

```rust
use modo::{ClientIpLayer, Config};

let config: Config = modo::config::load("config/").unwrap();
let proxies: Vec<ipnet::IpNet> = config
    .trusted_proxies
    .iter()
    .filter_map(|s| s.parse().ok())
    .collect();

let layer = ClientIpLayer::with_trusted_proxies(proxies);
```

Example `config/app.yaml`:

```yaml
trusted_proxies:
    - 10.0.0.0/8
    - 172.16.0.0/12
    - 192.168.0.0/16
```

## IP Resolution Order

1. If `trusted_proxies` is non-empty and the connecting IP is **not** in any
   trusted range, return the connecting IP directly (ignore all headers).
2. `X-Forwarded-For` — leftmost valid IP.
3. `X-Real-IP` — value parsed as an IP address.
4. `ConnectInfo` socket address.
5. `127.0.0.1` as final fallback.

## Ordering with other layers

`ClientIpLayer` must be applied **before** `SessionLayer`. The session
middleware reads the `ClientIp` extension for fingerprint validation.

```no_run
use axum::Router;
use modo::{ClientIpLayer, session::SessionLayer};

// ClientIpLayer must wrap SessionLayer so IP resolution happens first.
// Apply layers in reverse order: the last .layer() call is the outermost.
let app: Router = Router::new()
    // ...routes...
    .layer(session_layer)         // inner — runs after ClientIpLayer
    .layer(ClientIpLayer::new()); // outer — resolves IP first
```