mobius 0.16.1

A small, modular Rust framework for building coding agents
Documentation
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//! Optional computer control over the sandbox's persistent execution channel.

use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;

use serde::Deserialize;
use serde_json::Value;

use super::manifest::MiddlewareManifest;
use super::tools::{ApprovalRequirement, Catalog, Tool, ToolContext, render_tool_event};
use super::{
    FrontendEventSink, Middleware, PromptSection, RuntimeContext, SessionStartContext,
    SessionStartSource, ToolExposureContext,
};
use crate::backend::model::{ToolDefinition, internal_user_message};
use crate::backend::sandbox::{MAX_BINARY_FILE_BYTES, WorkerCommand};
use crate::backend::session_files::SessionFileStore;
use crate::protocol::{
    ContentPart, EventMsg, FrontendBlock, FrontendBlockFormat, FrontendBlockRole,
    FrontendBlockState, FrontendBlockUpdate, FrontendContribution, FrontendEvent, FrontendLink,
    FrontendSlot, FrontendTone, FrontendWidget, FrontendWidgetContent, ImageDetail, ToolContent,
    ToolResponse,
};
use crate::{BoxFuture, Error, Result};

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
struct Definition {
    default_enabled: bool,
    manifest_label: String,
    manifest_description: String,
    prompt: String,
    resume_notice: String,
    browser_label: String,
    browser_title: String,
    browser_notice: String,
    tool: ToolDefinition,
}
static DEFINITION: std::sync::LazyLock<Definition> = std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| {
    toml::from_str(include_str!("computer_control.toml"))
        .expect("bundled computer control definition must be valid")
});

/// Optional computer control; deployment supplies the runtime and its documentation.
pub static MANIFEST: std::sync::LazyLock<MiddlewareManifest> =
    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| MiddlewareManifest {
        id: "computer_control",
        label: &DEFINITION.manifest_label,
        description: &DEFINITION.manifest_description,
        required: false,
        default_enabled: DEFINITION.default_enabled,
        required_model_capability: None,
        settings: &[],
    });

/// Owns computer tools and observations; execution and approval remain in the sandbox.
pub struct ComputerControl {
    files: SessionFileStore,
    worker: WorkerCommand,
    documentation: PathBuf,
}

impl ComputerControl {
    /// Configures a trusted installed runtime. It is started lazily by an authorized tool call.
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns an error if configuration is invalid or a required resource cannot be initialized.
    pub fn new(
        files: SessionFileStore,
        worker: WorkerCommand,
        documentation: PathBuf,
    ) -> Result<Self> {
        if !worker.executable.is_absolute() || !documentation.is_absolute() {
            return Err(Error::Config(
                "computer runtime and documentation paths must be absolute".into(),
            ));
        }
        Ok(Self {
            files,
            worker,
            documentation,
        })
    }
}

impl Middleware for ComputerControl {
    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
        MANIFEST.id
    }

    fn register(&self, catalog: &mut Catalog, runtime: &RuntimeContext) -> Result<()> {
        catalog.register(Arc::new(Evaluate {
            files: self.files.clone(),
            worker: self.worker.clone(),
            session_id: runtime.session_id.clone(),
            frontend: runtime.frontend.clone(),
            browser: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
        }))
    }

    fn prompt_section(&self, _: &RuntimeContext) -> Result<Option<PromptSection>> {
        Ok(Some(PromptSection::new(DEFINITION.prompt.replace(
            "{documentation}",
            &self.documentation.display().to_string(),
        ))))
    }

    fn tool_exposure<'a>(
        &'a self,
        context: &'a mut ToolExposureContext<'_>,
    ) -> BoxFuture<'a, Result<()>> {
        Box::pin(async move {
            if !context.supports_tool_image_input() {
                context.hide(&[DEFINITION.tool.name.as_str()]);
            }
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    fn session_start<'a>(
        &'a self,
        context: &'a mut SessionStartContext<'_>,
    ) -> BoxFuture<'a, Result<()>> {
        Box::pin(async move {
            if context.source() == SessionStartSource::Resume {
                context.push_input(internal_user_message(
                    "computer_runtime",
                    &DEFINITION.resume_notice,
                ));
            }
            Ok(())
        })
    }

    fn frontend(&self) -> FrontendContribution {
        FrontendContribution {
            capability: MANIFEST.id.into(),
            ..Default::default()
        }
    }

    fn render(&self, event: &EventMsg, _: &str) -> Option<FrontendBlock> {
        render_tool_event(
            event,
            |name| name == "computer_control",
            |_, _| "Computer".into(),
        )
    }
}

struct Evaluate {
    files: SessionFileStore,
    worker: WorkerCommand,
    session_id: String,
    frontend: FrontendEventSink,
    /// The browser's loopback DevTools address last published to frontends.
    browser: std::sync::Mutex<Option<String>>,
}

/// The session widget id announcing the running browser.
const BROWSER_WIDGET: &str = "browser";

/// Only a loopback HTTP origin: the address is useful to a frontend on this machine alone.
fn loopback_devtools(address: &str) -> bool {
    address
        .strip_prefix("http://127.0.0.1:")
        .and_then(|port| port.parse::<u16>().ok())
        .is_some_and(|port| port != 0)
}

/// The running browser as a footer widget. Its link is the browser's loopback DevTools
/// origin, so a frontend on the gateway's machine can show and share the page; elsewhere it
/// only reports that the browser runs.
fn browser_widget(address: &str) -> FrontendWidget {
    FrontendWidget {
        id: BROWSER_WIDGET.into(),
        slot: FrontendSlot::ComposerFooter,
        text: DEFINITION.browser_label.clone(),
        tone: FrontendTone::Neutral,
        symbol: None,
        icon_only: false,
        progress: None,
        content: Some(FrontendWidgetContent::Blocks {
            title: DEFINITION.browser_title.clone(),
            blocks: vec![FrontendBlock {
                id: None,
                group: None,
                update: FrontendBlockUpdate::Replace,
                state: FrontendBlockState::Complete,
                role: FrontendBlockRole::Notice,
                title: DEFINITION.browser_title.clone(),
                text: DEFINITION.browser_notice.clone(),
                symbol: None,
                links: vec![FrontendLink {
                    label: "DevTools".into(),
                    href: address.into(),
                }],
                files: Vec::new(),
                content: Default::default(),
                format: FrontendBlockFormat::PlainText,
                image_aspect: None,
                tone: FrontendTone::Neutral,
            }],
        }),
        action: None,
    }
}

impl Evaluate {
    /// Publishes the browser widget when the browser starts or moves, and removes it once
    /// the browser is gone.
    fn announce(&self, address: Option<&str>) {
        let address = address.filter(|address| loopback_devtools(address));
        let mut published = self
            .browser
            .lock()
            .unwrap_or_else(std::sync::PoisonError::into_inner);
        if published.as_deref() == address {
            return;
        }
        let event = match address {
            Some(address) => FrontendEvent::Widget {
                capability: MANIFEST.id.into(),
                item: browser_widget(address),
            },
            None => FrontendEvent::RemoveWidget {
                capability: MANIFEST.id.into(),
                id: BROWSER_WIDGET.into(),
            },
        };
        // A missing frontend never fails the evaluation that already ran.
        if (self.frontend)(event).is_ok() {
            *published = address.map(str::to_owned);
        }
    }
}

// A failed or cancelled exchange destroys the worker; its browser link must disappear too.
struct EvaluationGuard<'a>(Option<&'a Evaluate>);

impl Drop for EvaluationGuard<'_> {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if let Some(tool) = self.0 {
            tool.announce(None);
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
struct EvaluateArgs {
    code: String,
    #[serde(default)]
    reset: bool,
    #[serde(default = "default_timeout")]
    timeout_ms: u64,
}

const fn default_timeout() -> u64 {
    30_000
}

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
struct Observation {
    content: Vec<WorkerPart>,
    is_error: bool,
    #[serde(default)]
    devtools: Option<String>,
}

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(tag = "type", rename_all = "snake_case", deny_unknown_fields)]
enum WorkerPart {
    Text { text: String },
    Image { path: String, detail: ImageDetail },
}

impl Tool for Evaluate {
    fn definition(&self) -> ToolDefinition {
        DEFINITION.tool.clone()
    }

    fn approval(&self) -> ApprovalRequirement {
        ApprovalRequirement::Always
    }

    fn call<'a>(
        &'a self,
        context: ToolContext,
        arguments: Value,
    ) -> BoxFuture<'a, Result<ToolResponse>> {
        Box::pin(async move {
            let args: EvaluateArgs = serde_json::from_value(arguments)?;
            if args.code.len() > 40_000 || args.timeout_ms == 0 || args.timeout_ms > 120_000 {
                return Err(Error::Tool(
                    "computer code or timeout exceeds its limit".into(),
                ));
            }
            // A page lent by the Mac app's browser stands in for the worker's own.
            let browser = context.sandbox.browser_page(&context.permissions).await;
            let request =
                serde_json::to_vec(&serde_json::json!({"code": args.code, "browser": browser}))?;
            let mut evaluation = EvaluationGuard(Some(self));
            let output = context
                .sandbox
                .evaluate_worker(
                    &self.worker,
                    &context.permissions,
                    &request,
                    Duration::from_millis(args.timeout_ms),
                    args.reset,
                )
                .await?;
            let observation: Observation = serde_json::from_slice(&output)?;
            self.announce(observation.devtools.as_deref());
            evaluation.0 = None;
            if observation.content.len() > 64
                || observation
                    .content
                    .iter()
                    .filter(|part| matches!(part, WorkerPart::Image { .. }))
                    .count()
                    > 16
            {
                return Err(Error::Tool(
                    "computer observation exceeds capture limits; actions already executed".into(),
                ));
            }
            let mut content = Vec::new();
            let mut is_error = observation.is_error;
            for part in observation.content {
                match part {
                    WorkerPart::Text { text } => content.push(ContentPart::Text { text }),
                    WorkerPart::Image { path, detail } => {
                        let image = async {
                            let bytes = context
                                .sandbox
                                .read_bytes(&path, MAX_BINARY_FILE_BYTES, &context.permissions)
                                .await?;
                            self.files
                                .ingest_image(
                                    &self.session_id,
                                    "screenshot.png".into(),
                                    bytes,
                                    detail,
                                )
                                .await
                        }
                        .await;
                        match image {
                            Ok(image) => content.push(ContentPart::Image { image }),
                            Err(error) => {
                                is_error = true;
                                content.push(ContentPart::Text {
                                    text: format!("Image observation unavailable: {error}. Earlier actions may have completed."),
                                });
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            Ok(ToolResponse {
                content: ToolContent(content),
                is_error,
            })
        })
    }
}

#[cfg(all(test, any(target_os = "macos", target_os = "linux")))]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::backend::sandbox::{
        ApprovalPolicy, NetworkAccess, Sandbox, SandboxMode, SandboxPermissions,
        local::LocalSandbox,
    };

    #[test]
    fn only_a_loopback_devtools_origin_is_announced() {
        assert!(loopback_devtools("http://127.0.0.1:9222"));
        assert!(!loopback_devtools("http://127.0.0.1:0"));
        assert!(!loopback_devtools("http://0.0.0.0:9222"));
        assert!(!loopback_devtools("http://example.com:9222"));
        assert!(!loopback_devtools("http://127.0.0.1:9222/json"));
        let widget = browser_widget("http://127.0.0.1:9222");
        let Some(FrontendWidgetContent::Blocks { blocks, .. }) = widget.content else {
            panic!("browser widget carries its address in a block");
        };
        assert_eq!(blocks[0].links[0].href, "http://127.0.0.1:9222");
    }

    #[test]
    fn the_browser_widget_follows_the_browser() {
        let events = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
        let sink = events.clone();
        let reject_first = std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool::new(true);
        let state = tempfile::tempdir().expect("state");
        let tool = Evaluate {
            files: SessionFileStore::new(state.path()),
            worker: WorkerCommand {
                executable: "/usr/bin/true".into(),
                arguments: Vec::new(),
            },
            session_id: "session".into(),
            frontend: Arc::new(move |event| {
                if reject_first.swap(false, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed) {
                    return Err(Error::Stopped("frontend temporarily unavailable".into()));
                }
                sink.lock().expect("events").push(event);
                Ok(())
            }),
            browser: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
        };
        tool.announce(Some("http://127.0.0.1:9222"));
        tool.announce(Some("http://127.0.0.1:9222"));
        tool.announce(Some("http://127.0.0.1:9222"));
        tool.announce(Some("http://10.0.0.1:9222"));
        let events = events.lock().expect("events");
        assert_eq!(
            events.len(),
            2,
            "published once, then removed for a non-loopback address"
        );
        assert!(
            matches!(&events[0], FrontendEvent::Widget { item, .. } if item.id == BROWSER_WIDGET)
        );
        assert!(
            matches!(&events[1], FrontendEvent::RemoveWidget { id, .. } if id == BROWSER_WIDGET)
        );
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn a_failed_or_cancelled_evaluation_removes_the_browser_widget() {
        for timeout_ms in [1, 10_000] {
            let workspace = tempfile::tempdir().expect("workspace");
            let events = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
            let sink = events.clone();
            let tool = Evaluate {
                files: SessionFileStore::new(workspace.path()),
                worker: WorkerCommand {
                    executable: "/usr/bin/python3".into(),
                    arguments: vec!["-c".into(), "import time; time.sleep(30)".into()],
                },
                session_id: "session".into(),
                frontend: Arc::new(move |event| {
                    sink.lock().expect("events").push(event);
                    Ok(())
                }),
                browser: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
            };
            let sandbox = Arc::new(Sandbox::new(
                Arc::new(LocalSandbox::new(workspace.path()).expect("sandbox")),
                ApprovalPolicy::Ask,
            ));
            let permissions = SandboxPermissions::restore(
                "session",
                SandboxMode::WorkspaceWrite,
                NetworkAccess::Denied,
                ["call".into()],
            )
            .for_call("call");
            tool.announce(Some("http://127.0.0.1:9222"));
            let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                Duration::from_millis(100),
                tool.call(
                    ToolContext::new(sandbox, permissions, "turn"),
                    serde_json::json!({"code":"unused", "timeout_ms":timeout_ms}),
                ),
            )
            .await;
            if timeout_ms == 1 {
                assert!(matches!(result, Ok(Err(_))), "worker deadline failed");
            } else {
                assert!(result.is_err(), "evaluation was cancelled");
            }
            let events = events.lock().expect("events");
            assert_eq!(events.len(), 2);
            assert!(
                matches!(&events[1], FrontendEvent::RemoveWidget { id, .. } if id == BROWSER_WIDGET)
            );
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn the_worker_is_told_whether_a_browser_page_is_lent() {
        let workspace = tempfile::tempdir().expect("workspace");
        let state = tempfile::tempdir().expect("state");
        // Echoes the evaluation request back as the observation's text.
        let echo = "import sys,struct,json; n=struct.unpack('>I',sys.stdin.buffer.read(4))[0]; request=sys.stdin.buffer.read(n).decode(); data=json.dumps({'content':[{'type':'text','text':request}],'is_error':False}).encode(); sys.stdout.buffer.write(struct.pack('>I',len(data))+data); sys.stdout.buffer.flush()";
        let tool = Evaluate {
            files: SessionFileStore::new(state.path()),
            worker: WorkerCommand {
                executable: "/usr/bin/python3".into(),
                arguments: vec!["-c".into(), echo.into()],
            },
            session_id: "session".into(),
            frontend: Arc::new(|_| Ok(())),
            browser: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
        };
        let sandbox = Arc::new(Sandbox::new(
            Arc::new(LocalSandbox::new(workspace.path()).expect("sandbox")),
            ApprovalPolicy::Ask,
        ));
        let permissions = SandboxPermissions::restore(
            "session",
            SandboxMode::WorkspaceWrite,
            NetworkAccess::Allowed,
            ["call".into()],
        )
        .for_call("call");
        let result = tool
            .call(
                ToolContext::new(sandbox, permissions, "turn"),
                serde_json::json!({"code":"await getPage()"}),
            )
            .await
            .expect("echoed request");
        let request: Value = serde_json::from_str(&result.content.text()).expect("request JSON");
        assert_eq!(request["code"], "await getPage()");
        // A local sandbox lends no page, so the worker runs its own browser.
        assert_eq!(request["browser"], Value::Null);
        assert!(
            request
                .as_object()
                .is_some_and(|request| request.contains_key("browser"))
        );
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn unreadable_failure_image_preserves_the_original_error() {
        let workspace = tempfile::tempdir().expect("workspace");
        let state = tempfile::tempdir().expect("state");
        let output = serde_json::json!({
            "content": [
                {"type":"text", "text":"Failure: action_timeout; session state: retained. Original error: missing button"},
                {"type":"image", "path":workspace.path().join("missing.png"), "detail":"auto"}
            ],
            "is_error": true
        });
        let tool = Evaluate {
            files: SessionFileStore::new(state.path()),
            worker: WorkerCommand {
                executable: "/usr/bin/python3".into(),
                arguments: vec!["-c".into(),
                    "import sys,struct; n=struct.unpack('>I',sys.stdin.buffer.read(4))[0]; sys.stdin.buffer.read(n); data=sys.argv[1].encode(); sys.stdout.buffer.write(struct.pack('>I',len(data))+data); sys.stdout.buffer.flush()".into(),
                    output.to_string()],
            },
            session_id: "session".into(),
            frontend: Arc::new(|_| Ok(())),
            browser: std::sync::Mutex::new(None),
        };
        let sandbox = Arc::new(Sandbox::new(
            Arc::new(LocalSandbox::new(workspace.path()).expect("sandbox")),
            ApprovalPolicy::Ask,
        ));
        let permissions = SandboxPermissions::restore(
            "session",
            SandboxMode::WorkspaceWrite,
            NetworkAccess::Denied,
            ["call".into()],
        )
        .for_call("call");
        let result = tool
            .call(
                ToolContext::new(sandbox, permissions, "turn"),
                serde_json::json!({"code":"unused"}),
            )
            .await
            .expect("failed observation still returned");
        assert!(result.is_error);
        assert!(
            result
                .content
                .text()
                .contains("Original error: missing button")
        );
        assert!(
            result
                .content
                .text()
                .contains("Image observation unavailable")
        );
    }
}