mobench-sdk 0.2.0

Rust SDK for mobile benchmarking with timing harness and Android/iOS builders
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
package {{PACKAGE_NAME}}

import android.app.Notification
import android.app.NotificationChannel
import android.app.NotificationManager
import android.app.ActivityManager
import android.app.Application
import android.app.ApplicationExitInfo
import android.app.Service
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.os.Build
import android.os.Bundle
import android.os.Debug
import android.os.Handler
import android.os.IBinder
import android.os.Looper
import android.os.Process
import android.os.ResultReceiver
import android.widget.TextView
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import com.sun.jna.Library
import com.sun.jna.Native
import com.sun.jna.NativeLong
import com.sun.jna.Pointer
import com.sun.jna.Structure
import org.json.JSONArray
import org.json.JSONObject

private const val DEFAULT_FUNCTION = "{{DEFAULT_FUNCTION}}"
private const val DEFAULT_ITERATIONS = 20u
private const val DEFAULT_WARMUP = 3u
private const val DEFAULT_ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS = {{ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS}}L
private const val DEFAULT_ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS = {{ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS}}L
private const val FUNCTION_EXTRA = "bench_function"
private const val ITERATIONS_EXTRA = "bench_iterations"
private const val WARMUP_EXTRA = "bench_warmup"
private const val TIMEOUT_EXTRA = "bench_timeout_secs"
private const val HEARTBEAT_EXTRA = "bench_heartbeat_secs"
private const val RUN_ID_EXTRA = "mobench_run_id"
private const val NONCE_EXTRA = "mobench_nonce"
private const val LOGICAL_SESSION_ID_EXTRA = "mobench_logical_session_id"
private const val FUNCTION_ID_EXTRA = "mobench_function_id"
private const val PRODUCER_EXTRA = "mobench_producer"
private const val SPEC_ASSET = "bench_spec.json"
private const val REPORT_SCHEMA_V2 = "mobench.run/v2"
private const val RUN_BENCHMARK_ACTION = "{{PACKAGE_NAME}}.RUN_BENCHMARK"
private const val RESULT_RECEIVER_EXTRA = "bench_result_receiver"
private const val RESULT_DISPLAY_EXTRA = "bench_display"
private const val RESULT_ERROR_EXTRA = "bench_error"
private const val RESULT_FAILURE_JSON_EXTRA = "bench_failure_json"
private const val RESULT_HEARTBEAT_JSON_EXTRA = "bench_heartbeat_json"
private const val RESULT_PID_EXTRA = "bench_pid"
private const val RESULT_PROCESS_NAME_EXTRA = "bench_process_name"
private const val BENCH_RESULT_OK = 1
private const val BENCH_RESULT_ERROR = 2
private const val BENCH_RESULT_HEARTBEAT = 3
private const val FOREGROUND_NOTIFICATION_ID = 1001
private const val FOREGROUND_CHANNEL_ID = "mobench_benchmark"
private const val FOREGROUND_CHANNEL_NAME = "Mobench benchmark"
private const val WORKER_PROCESS_SUFFIX = ":mobench_worker"
private const val FAILURE_SCHEMA_VERSION = 1

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    @Volatile private var benchmarkComplete = false
    @Volatile private var benchmarkFailed = false
    @Volatile private var failureJson: String? = null
    @Volatile private var workerPid: Int? = null
    @Volatile private var workerProcessName: String? = null
    @Volatile private var lastProgressAtMs: Long? = null
    @Volatile private var startedAtMs: Long = 0L
    private lateinit var params: BenchParams
    private var resultText: TextView? = null
    private val watchdogHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
    private val watchdog = object : Runnable {
        override fun run() {
            if (benchmarkComplete) return
            checkWorkerExit()
            if (!benchmarkComplete) {
                val elapsedMs = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - startedAtMs
                if (elapsedMs >= params.timeoutSecs * 1_000L) {
                    emitFailure("timeout", "Timed out waiting ${params.timeoutSecs}s for benchmark completion")
                }
            }
            if (!benchmarkComplete) watchdogHandler.postDelayed(this, watchdogPollIntervalMs())
        }
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        resultText = findViewById(R.id.result_text)
        resultText?.text = "Running benchmark..."

        params = resolveBenchParams()
        startedAtMs = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
        lastProgressAtMs = startedAtMs
        val resultReceiver = object : ResultReceiver(Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())) {
            override fun onReceiveResult(resultCode: Int, resultData: Bundle?) {
                when (resultCode) {
                    BENCH_RESULT_HEARTBEAT -> {
                        workerPid = resultData?.getInt(RESULT_PID_EXTRA)?.takeIf { it > 0 }
                        workerProcessName = resultData?.getString(RESULT_PROCESS_NAME_EXTRA)
                        lastProgressAtMs = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
                    }
                    BENCH_RESULT_OK -> {
                        val display = resultData?.getString(RESULT_DISPLAY_EXTRA)
                            ?: "Benchmark worker completed without display output"
                        resultText?.text = display
                        benchmarkComplete = true
                        stopWatchdog()
                        android.util.Log.i("BenchRunner", "Benchmark worker completed")
                    }
                    else -> {
                        val payload = resultData?.getString(RESULT_FAILURE_JSON_EXTRA)
                        val display = resultData?.getString(RESULT_DISPLAY_EXTRA)
                            ?: resultData?.getString(RESULT_ERROR_EXTRA)
                            ?: "Benchmark worker returned no valid result"
                        resultText?.text = display
                        failureJson = payload
                        if (payload == null) {
                            emitFailure("worker_error", display)
                        } else {
                            benchmarkFailed = true
                            benchmarkComplete = true
                            stopWatchdog()
                        }
                        android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", display)
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        try {
            val intent = Intent(this, BenchmarkWorkerService::class.java).apply {
                action = RUN_BENCHMARK_ACTION
                putExtra(FUNCTION_EXTRA, params.function)
                putExtra(ITERATIONS_EXTRA, params.iterations.toInt())
                putExtra(WARMUP_EXTRA, params.warmup.toInt())
                putExtra(TIMEOUT_EXTRA, params.timeoutSecs)
                putExtra(HEARTBEAT_EXTRA, params.heartbeatIntervalSecs)
                params.runId?.let { putExtra(RUN_ID_EXTRA, it) }
                params.nonce?.let { putExtra(NONCE_EXTRA, it) }
                params.logicalSessionId?.let { putExtra(LOGICAL_SESSION_ID_EXTRA, it) }
                params.functionId?.let { putExtra(FUNCTION_ID_EXTRA, it) }
                params.producer?.let { putExtra(PRODUCER_EXTRA, it) }
                putExtra(RESULT_RECEIVER_EXTRA, resultReceiver)
            }
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                startForegroundService(intent)
            } else {
                startService(intent)
            }
            watchdogHandler.postDelayed(watchdog, watchdogPollIntervalMs())
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", "Failed to run benchmark worker", e)
            val message = "Failed to run benchmark worker: ${e.message}"
            resultText?.text = message
            emitFailure("exception", message)
        }
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        stopWatchdog()
        super.onDestroy()
    }

    fun isBenchmarkComplete(): Boolean = benchmarkComplete

    fun isBenchmarkFailed(): Boolean = benchmarkFailed

    fun getBenchmarkFailureJson(): String? = failureJson

    fun benchmarkTimeoutSecs(): Long = params.timeoutSecs

    fun heartbeatIntervalSecs(): Long = params.heartbeatIntervalSecs

    fun checkWorkerExit(): String? {
        if (benchmarkComplete) {
            return failureJson
        }
        val expectedProcessName = workerProcessName ?: workerProcessName()
        val pid = workerPid
        val alive = runningAppProcesses().any {
            (pid != null && it.pid == pid) || it.processName == expectedProcessName
        }
        val graceMs = params.heartbeatIntervalSecs.coerceAtLeast(1L) * 3_000L
        val stale = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() -
            (lastProgressAtMs ?: startedAtMs) > graceMs
        if (!alive && stale) {
            emitFailure(
                "worker_exit",
                "Benchmark worker process exited before a valid BENCH_JSON result was emitted",
            )
        }
        return failureJson
    }

    fun emitTimeoutFailureFromTest(): String {
        checkWorkerExit()
        if (failureJson == null) {
            emitFailure("timeout", "Timed out waiting ${params.timeoutSecs}s for benchmark completion")
        }
        return failureJson ?: "{}"
    }

    private fun emitFailure(kind: String, message: String): String {
        failureJson?.let {
            resultText?.text = message
            benchmarkFailed = true
            benchmarkComplete = true
            stopWatchdog()
            return it
        }
        val payload = buildFailureJson(
            this,
            params,
            kind,
            message,
            startedAtMs,
            lastProgressAtMs,
            workerPid,
            workerProcessName ?: workerProcessName(),
        )
        val encoded = payload.toString()
        failureJson = encoded
        benchmarkFailed = true
        benchmarkComplete = true
        resultText?.text = message
        stopWatchdog()
        android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", "BENCH_FAILURE_JSON $encoded")
        return encoded
    }

    private fun watchdogPollIntervalMs(): Long =
        (params.heartbeatIntervalSecs.coerceAtLeast(1L) * 1_000L).coerceAtMost(5_000L)

    private fun stopWatchdog() {
        watchdogHandler.removeCallbacks(watchdog)
    }

    private fun resolveBenchParams(): BenchParams {
        val assetParams = loadBenchParamsFromAssets()
        val defaults = assetParams ?: BenchParams(
            DEFAULT_FUNCTION,
            DEFAULT_ITERATIONS,
            DEFAULT_WARMUP,
            DEFAULT_ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS,
            DEFAULT_ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS,
        )

        val intentFunction = intent?.getStringExtra(FUNCTION_EXTRA)?.takeUnless { it.isBlank() }
        val intentIterations = intent?.let {
            val value = it.getIntExtra(ITERATIONS_EXTRA, -1)
            if (value >= 0) value.toUInt() else null
        }
        val intentWarmup = intent?.let {
            val value = it.getIntExtra(WARMUP_EXTRA, -1)
            if (value >= 0) value.toUInt() else null
        }

        val fn = intentFunction ?: defaults.function
        val iterations = intentIterations ?: defaults.iterations
        val warmup = intentWarmup ?: defaults.warmup
        val timeoutSecs =
            intent?.getLongExtra(TIMEOUT_EXTRA, defaults.timeoutSecs) ?: defaults.timeoutSecs
        val heartbeatIntervalSecs =
            intent?.getLongExtra(HEARTBEAT_EXTRA, defaults.heartbeatIntervalSecs)
                ?: defaults.heartbeatIntervalSecs
        android.util.Log.i("BenchRunner", "Resolved params: function=$fn, iterations=$iterations, warmup=$warmup")
        return BenchParams(
            fn,
            iterations,
            warmup,
            timeoutSecs,
            heartbeatIntervalSecs,
            defaults.runId,
            defaults.nonce,
            defaults.logicalSessionId,
            defaults.functionId,
            defaults.producer,
        )
    }

    private fun loadBenchParamsFromAssets(): BenchParams? {
        return try {
            val raw = assets.open(SPEC_ASSET).bufferedReader().use { it.readText() }
            if (raw.isBlank()) {
                android.util.Log.w("BenchRunner", "bench_spec.json exists but is empty, using defaults")
                null
            } else {
                val json = JSONObject(raw)
                val function = json.optString("function", DEFAULT_FUNCTION)
                val iterations = json.optInt("iterations", DEFAULT_ITERATIONS.toInt()).toUInt()
                val warmup = json.optInt("warmup", DEFAULT_WARMUP.toInt()).toUInt()
                android.util.Log.i("BenchRunner", "Loaded config from bench_spec.json: function=$function, iterations=$iterations, warmup=$warmup")
                BenchParams(
                    function,
                    iterations,
                    warmup,
                    json.optLong(
                        "android_benchmark_timeout_secs",
                        DEFAULT_ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS,
                    ).takeIf { it > 0L } ?: DEFAULT_ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS,
                    json.optLong(
                        "android_heartbeat_interval_secs",
                        DEFAULT_ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS,
                    ).takeIf { it > 0L } ?: DEFAULT_ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS,
                    json.optString("run_id").takeUnless { it.isBlank() },
                    json.optString("nonce").takeUnless { it.isBlank() },
                    json.optString("logical_session_id").takeUnless { it.isBlank() },
                    json.optString("function_id").takeUnless { it.isBlank() },
                    json.optString("producer").takeUnless { it.isBlank() },
                )
            }
        } catch (e: java.io.FileNotFoundException) {
            android.util.Log.d("BenchRunner", "No bench_spec.json in assets, will use intent extras or defaults")
            null
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", "Failed to parse bench_spec.json from assets", e)
            null
        }
    }
}

class BenchmarkWorkerService : Service() {
    override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? = null

    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
        if (intent?.action != RUN_BENCHMARK_ACTION) {
            stopSelf(startId)
            return START_NOT_STICKY
        }

        val resultReceiver = intent.resultReceiverExtra()
        val params = BenchParams(
            function = intent.getStringExtra(FUNCTION_EXTRA)?.takeUnless { it.isBlank() } ?: DEFAULT_FUNCTION,
            iterations = intent.getIntExtra(ITERATIONS_EXTRA, DEFAULT_ITERATIONS.toInt()).toUInt(),
            warmup = intent.getIntExtra(WARMUP_EXTRA, DEFAULT_WARMUP.toInt()).toUInt(),
            timeoutSecs = intent.getLongExtra(TIMEOUT_EXTRA, DEFAULT_ANDROID_BENCHMARK_TIMEOUT_SECS),
            heartbeatIntervalSecs =
                intent.getLongExtra(HEARTBEAT_EXTRA, DEFAULT_ANDROID_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_SECS),
            runId = intent.getStringExtra(RUN_ID_EXTRA),
            nonce = intent.getStringExtra(NONCE_EXTRA),
            logicalSessionId = intent.getStringExtra(LOGICAL_SESSION_ID_EXTRA),
            functionId = intent.getStringExtra(FUNCTION_ID_EXTRA),
            producer = intent.getStringExtra(PRODUCER_EXTRA),
        )

        startBenchmarkForeground()
        Thread {
            val startMs = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
            val heartbeat = WorkerHeartbeat(resultReceiver, params, startMs)
            heartbeat.start()
            try {
                val result = runBenchmarkInWorker(params)
                val bundle = Bundle().apply {
                    putString(RESULT_DISPLAY_EXTRA, result.displayText)
                    result.errorMessage?.let { putString(RESULT_ERROR_EXTRA, it) }
                    result.failureJson?.let { putString(RESULT_FAILURE_JSON_EXTRA, it) }
                }
                resultReceiver?.send(
                    if (result.errorMessage == null) BENCH_RESULT_OK else BENCH_RESULT_ERROR,
                    bundle,
                )
            } finally {
                heartbeat.stop()
                stopBenchmarkForeground()
                stopSelf(startId)
            }
        }.apply {
            name = "mobench-benchmark-worker"
            start()
        }

        return START_NOT_STICKY
    }

    private fun startBenchmarkForeground() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            val manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java)
            manager?.createNotificationChannel(
                NotificationChannel(
                    FOREGROUND_CHANNEL_ID,
                    FOREGROUND_CHANNEL_NAME,
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW
                )
            )
        }
        startForeground(FOREGROUND_NOTIFICATION_ID, buildBenchmarkNotification())
    }

    @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
    private fun stopBenchmarkForeground() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
            stopForeground(Service.STOP_FOREGROUND_REMOVE)
        } else {
            stopForeground(true)
        }
    }

    @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
    private fun buildBenchmarkNotification(): Notification {
        val builder = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            Notification.Builder(this, FOREGROUND_CHANNEL_ID)
        } else {
            Notification.Builder(this).setPriority(Notification.PRIORITY_LOW)
        }

        return builder
            .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)
            .setContentTitle("Running benchmark")
            .setContentText("Mobench isolated worker is measuring this run")
            .setOngoing(true)
            .setOnlyAlertOnce(true)
            .setShowWhen(false)
            .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
            .build()
    }

    private fun runBenchmarkInWorker(params: BenchParams): WorkerBenchmarkResult {
        val startMs = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
        val display = try {
            val processMemorySampler = ProcessMemorySampler()
            var runProcessPeakMemoryKb: Long?
            processMemorySampler.start()
            val rawReport = try {
                NativeBenchRunner.run(params)
            } finally {
                runProcessPeakMemoryKb = processMemorySampler.stop()
            }
            val json = buildNativeBenchReportJson(rawReport, params, runProcessPeakMemoryKb)
            android.util.Log.i("BenchRunner", "BENCH_JSON ${json}")
            formatNativeBenchReport(json)
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", "Benchmark error: ${e.message}", e)
            val message = "Benchmark error: ${e.message}"
            val payload = buildFailureJson(
                this,
                params,
                "exception",
                message,
                startMs,
                android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(),
                Process.myPid(),
                currentProcessName(),
            ).toString()
            android.util.Log.e("BenchRunner", "BENCH_FAILURE_JSON $payload")
            return WorkerBenchmarkResult(
                displayText = message,
                errorMessage = message,
                failureJson = payload,
            )
        }

        return WorkerBenchmarkResult(displayText = display, errorMessage = null, failureJson = null)
    }
}

private data class BenchParams(
    val function: String,
    val iterations: UInt,
    val warmup: UInt,
    val timeoutSecs: Long,
    val heartbeatIntervalSecs: Long,
    val runId: String? = null,
    val nonce: String? = null,
    val logicalSessionId: String? = null,
    val functionId: String? = null,
    val producer: String? = null,
)

private data class WorkerBenchmarkResult(
    val displayText: String,
    val errorMessage: String?,
    val failureJson: String?,
)

private class WorkerHeartbeat(
    private val receiver: ResultReceiver?,
    private val params: BenchParams,
    private val startMs: Long,
) {
    @Volatile private var running = false
    private var thread: Thread? = null

    fun start() {
        if (running) {
            return
        }
        running = true
        thread = Thread {
            while (running) {
                val now = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
                val json = JSONObject()
                    .put("schema_version", FAILURE_SCHEMA_VERSION)
                    .put("platform", "android")
                    .put("function_name", params.function)
                    .put("elapsed_ms", now - startMs)
                    .put("pid", Process.myPid())
                    .put("process_name", currentProcessName())
                    .put("memory", currentMemoryJson())
                android.util.Log.i("BenchRunner", "BENCH_HEARTBEAT_JSON $json")
                receiver?.send(BENCH_RESULT_HEARTBEAT, Bundle().apply {
                    putString(RESULT_HEARTBEAT_JSON_EXTRA, json.toString())
                    putInt(RESULT_PID_EXTRA, Process.myPid())
                    putString(RESULT_PROCESS_NAME_EXTRA, currentProcessName())
                })
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(params.heartbeatIntervalSecs.coerceAtLeast(1L) * 1000L)
                } catch (e: InterruptedException) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt()
                    break
                }
            }
        }.apply {
            name = "mobench-worker-heartbeat"
            isDaemon = true
            start()
        }
    }

    fun stop() {
        running = false
        thread?.interrupt()
    }
}

private object NativeBenchRunner {
    fun run(params: BenchParams): JSONObject {
        val spec = JSONObject()
            .put("name", params.function)
            .put("iterations", params.iterations.toInt())
            .put("warmup", params.warmup.toInt())
        val specBytes = spec.toString().toByteArray(Charsets.UTF_8)
        val out = MobenchBuf()
        val status = MobenchNativeLibrary.api.mobench_run_benchmark_json(
            specBytes,
            NativeLong(specBytes.size.toLong()),
            out
        )
        out.read()

        if (status != 0) {
            val error = MobenchNativeLibrary.lastError()
            MobenchNativeLibrary.api.mobench_free_buf(out)
            throw IllegalStateException(error)
        }

        return try {
            val ptr = out.ptr ?: throw IllegalStateException("native benchmark returned a null report buffer")
            val bytes = ptr.getByteArray(0, out.len.toInt())
            JSONObject(bytes.toString(Charsets.UTF_8))
        } finally {
            MobenchNativeLibrary.api.mobench_free_buf(out)
        }
    }
}

private interface MobenchNativeAbi : Library {
    fun mobench_run_benchmark_json(specPtr: ByteArray, specLen: NativeLong, out: MobenchBuf): Int
    fun mobench_free_buf(buf: MobenchBuf)
    fun mobench_last_error_message(): Pointer?
}

@Suppress("unused")
private class MobenchBuf : Structure() {
    @JvmField var ptr: Pointer? = null
    @JvmField var len: NativeLong = NativeLong(0)
    @JvmField var cap: NativeLong = NativeLong(0)

    override fun getFieldOrder(): List<String> = listOf("ptr", "len", "cap")
}

private object MobenchNativeLibrary {
    val api: MobenchNativeAbi by lazy {
        Native.load("{{LIBRARY_NAME}}", MobenchNativeAbi::class.java)
    }

    fun lastError(): String {
        return api.mobench_last_error_message()?.getString(0) ?: "native benchmark failed"
    }
}

@Suppress("DEPRECATION")
private fun Intent.resultReceiverExtra(): ResultReceiver? {
    return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
        getParcelableExtra(RESULT_RECEIVER_EXTRA, ResultReceiver::class.java)
    } else {
        getParcelableExtra(RESULT_RECEIVER_EXTRA) as? ResultReceiver
    }
}

private class ProcessMemorySampler(private val sampleIntervalMs: Long = 1000L) {
    @Volatile private var running = false
    @Volatile private var peakKb = 0L
    private var samplerThread: Thread? = null

    fun start() {
        if (running) {
            return
        }
        running = true
        recordCurrent()
        samplerThread = Thread {
            while (running) {
                recordCurrent()
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(sampleIntervalMs)
                } catch (e: InterruptedException) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt()
                    break
                }
            }
            recordCurrent()
        }.apply {
            name = "mobench-process-memory-sampler"
            isDaemon = true
            start()
        }
    }

    fun stop(): Long? {
        running = false
        try {
            samplerThread?.join(sampleIntervalMs * 2)
        } catch (e: InterruptedException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt()
        }
        recordCurrent()
        return peakKb.takeIf { it > 0L }
    }

    @Synchronized
    private fun recordCurrent() {
        currentProcessPssKb()?.let { observedKb ->
            if (observedKb > peakKb) {
                peakKb = observedKb
            }
        }
    }
}

private fun currentProcessPssKb(): Long? {
    readProcMemoryKb("/proc/self/smaps_rollup", "Pss:")?.let { return it }
    readProcMemoryKb("/proc/self/status", "VmHWM:")?.let { return it }
    readProcMemoryKb("/proc/self/status", "VmRSS:")?.let { return it }

    val memInfo = Debug.MemoryInfo()
    return try {
        Debug.getMemoryInfo(memInfo)
        memInfo.totalPss.toLong().takeIf { it > 0L }
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        android.util.Log.d("BenchRunner", "Unable to read process memory from Debug.getMemoryInfo", e)
        null
    }
}

private fun readProcMemoryKb(path: String, label: String): Long? {
    return try {
        java.io.File(path).bufferedReader().use { reader ->
            var line: String? = reader.readLine()
            while (line != null) {
                if (line.startsWith(label)) {
                    return@use parseMemoryKb(line)
                }
                line = reader.readLine()
            }
            null
        }
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        null
    }
}

private fun parseMemoryKb(line: String): Long? {
    val value = line
        .substringAfter(':', "")
        .trim()
        .split(' ')
        .firstOrNull { it.isNotBlank() }
    return value?.toLongOrNull()?.takeIf { it > 0L }
}

private fun median(values: List<Long>): Long {
    val sorted = values.sorted()
    if (sorted.isEmpty()) {
        return 0L
    }
    val middle = sorted.size / 2
    return if (sorted.size % 2 == 0) {
        (sorted[middle - 1] + sorted[middle]) / 2
    } else {
        sorted[middle]
    }
}

private fun formatDuration(ns: Long): String {
    val ms = ns.toDouble() / 1_000_000.0
    return if (ms >= 1000.0) {
        String.format("%.3fs", ms / 1000.0)
    } else {
        String.format("%.3fms", ms)
    }
}

private fun buildNativeBenchReportJson(
    report: JSONObject,
    params: BenchParams,
    runProcessPeakMemoryKb: Long?,
): JSONObject {
    val json = JSONObject(report.toString())
    val spec = json.optJSONObject("spec") ?: JSONObject()
    val function = spec.optString("name", DEFAULT_FUNCTION)
    json.put("function", function)

    val samples = json.optJSONArray("samples") ?: JSONArray()
    val durations = mutableListOf<Long>()
    val cpuSamplesMs = mutableListOf<Long>()
    val peakSamplesKb = mutableListOf<Long>()
    val processPeakSamplesKb = mutableListOf<Long>()
    val samplesNs = JSONArray()
    for (index in 0 until samples.length()) {
        val sample = samples.optJSONObject(index) ?: continue
        val duration = sample.optLong("duration_ns", -1L)
        if (duration >= 0L) {
            durations.add(duration)
            samplesNs.put(duration)
        }
        optionalLong(sample, "cpu_time_ms")?.let { cpuSamplesMs.add(it) }
        optionalLong(sample, "peak_memory_kb")?.let { peakSamplesKb.add(it) }
        optionalLong(sample, "process_peak_memory_kb")?.let { processPeakSamplesKb.add(it) }
    }
    json.put("samples_ns", samplesNs)
    applyV2Envelope(json, params, samplesNs, "success", null, null)

    if (durations.isNotEmpty()) {
        val stats = JSONObject()
        stats.put("min_ns", durations.minOrNull() ?: 0L)
        stats.put("max_ns", durations.maxOrNull() ?: 0L)
        stats.put("avg_ns", durations.sum().toDouble() / durations.size.toDouble())
        stats.put("mean_ns", (durations.sum().toDouble() / durations.size.toDouble()).toLong())
        stats.put("median_ns", median(durations))
        json.put("stats", stats)
    }

    val resources = JSONObject()
    resources.put("platform", "android")
    resources.put("timestamp_ms", System.currentTimeMillis())
    resources.put("memory_process", "isolated_worker")
    if (cpuSamplesMs.isNotEmpty()) {
        val total = cpuSamplesMs.sum()
        resources.put("cpu_total_ms", total)
        resources.put("cpu_median_ms", median(cpuSamplesMs))
        resources.put("elapsed_cpu_ms", total)
    }
    peakSamplesKb.maxOrNull()?.let {
        resources.put("peak_memory_kb", it)
        resources.put("peak_memory_growth_kb", it)
    }
    (processPeakSamplesKb.maxOrNull() ?: runProcessPeakMemoryKb)?.let {
        resources.put("process_peak_memory_kb", it)
    }
    json.put("resources", resources)

    return json
}

private fun buildFailureJson(
    context: Context,
    params: BenchParams,
    kind: String,
    message: String,
    startedAtMs: Long,
    lastProgressAtMs: Long?,
    pid: Int?,
    processName: String?,
): JSONObject {
    val elapsedNow = android.os.SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
    val json = JSONObject()
        .put("schema_version", FAILURE_SCHEMA_VERSION)
        .put("platform", "android")
        .put("device", "${Build.MANUFACTURER} ${Build.MODEL}".trim())
        .put("function_name", params.function)
        .put("kind", kind)
        .put("message", message)
        .put("elapsed_ms", elapsedNow - startedAtMs)
        .put("pid", pid ?: JSONObject.NULL)
        .put("process_name", processName ?: JSONObject.NULL)
        .put("last_progress_at_ms", lastProgressAtMs ?: JSONObject.NULL)
        .put("memory", currentMemoryJson())
        .put("android_exit_info", androidExitInfoJson(context, pid, processName) ?: JSONObject.NULL)
    applyV2Envelope(json, params, JSONArray(), "failure", kind, message)
    return json
}

private fun androidExitInfoJson(context: Context, pid: Int?, processName: String?): JSONObject? {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
        return null
    }
    return try {
        val manager = context.getSystemService(ActivityManager::class.java) ?: return null
        val reasons = manager.getHistoricalProcessExitReasons(context.packageName, pid ?: 0, 10)
        val match = reasons.firstOrNull {
            (pid != null && it.pid == pid) || (processName != null && it.processName == processName)
        } ?: reasons.firstOrNull()
        match?.let { info ->
            JSONObject()
                .put("reason", exitReasonName(info.reason))
                .put("raw_reason", info.reason)
                .put("description", info.description ?: JSONObject.NULL)
                .put("importance", info.importance)
                .put("timestamp", info.timestamp)
                .put("pid", info.pid)
                .put("process_name", info.processName ?: JSONObject.NULL)
        }
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        android.util.Log.d("BenchRunner", "Unable to read historical process exit reasons", e)
        null
    }
}

private fun exitReasonName(reason: Int): String {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
        return "unknown"
    }
    return when (reason) {
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_ANR -> "anr"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_CRASH -> "crash"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_CRASH_NATIVE -> "crash_native"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_DEPENDENCY_DIED -> "dependency_died"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_EXCESSIVE_RESOURCE_USAGE -> "excessive_resource_usage"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_EXIT_SELF -> "exit_self"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_INITIALIZATION_FAILURE -> "initialization_failure"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_LOW_MEMORY -> "low_memory"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_OTHER -> "other"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_PERMISSION_CHANGE -> "permission_change"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_SIGNALED -> "signaled"
        ApplicationExitInfo.REASON_USER_REQUESTED -> "user_requested"
        else -> "unknown"
    }
}

private fun currentMemoryJson(): JSONObject {
    val memInfo = Debug.MemoryInfo()
    return try {
        Debug.getMemoryInfo(memInfo)
        JSONObject()
            .put("total_pss_kb", memInfo.totalPss)
            .put("private_dirty_kb", memInfo.totalPrivateDirty)
            .put("native_heap_kb", Debug.getNativeHeapAllocatedSize() / 1024)
            .put(
                "java_heap_kb",
                (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() - Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory()) / 1024,
            )
            .put("process_pss_kb", currentProcessPssKb() ?: JSONObject.NULL)
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        JSONObject()
    }
}

private fun Context.runningAppProcesses(): List<ActivityManager.RunningAppProcessInfo> {
    return try {
        val manager = getSystemService(ActivityManager::class.java)
        manager?.runningAppProcesses ?: emptyList()
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        emptyList()
    }
}

private fun Context.workerProcessName(): String = "$packageName$WORKER_PROCESS_SUFFIX"

private fun currentProcessName(): String {
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 28) {
        return Application.getProcessName()
    }
    return try {
        java.io.File("/proc/self/cmdline").readText().trim('\u0000', ' ', '\n')
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        "unknown"
    }
}

private fun applyV2Envelope(
    json: JSONObject,
    params: BenchParams,
    samplesNs: JSONArray,
    status: String,
    errorCode: String?,
    message: String?,
) {
    val runId = params.runId ?: return
    val nonce = params.nonce ?: return
    val logicalSessionId = params.logicalSessionId ?: return
    val functionId = params.functionId ?: return
    val producer = params.producer ?: return
    json.put("schema_version", REPORT_SCHEMA_V2)
        .put("run_id", runId)
        .put("nonce", nonce)
        .put("logical_session_id", logicalSessionId)
        .put("function_id", functionId)
        .put("producer", producer)
        .put("requested", JSONObject()
            .put("iterations", params.iterations.toInt())
            .put("warmup", params.warmup.toInt()))
        .put("observed", JSONObject()
            .put("iterations", samplesNs.length())
            .put("warmup", if (status == "success") params.warmup.toInt() else 0))
        .put("samples_ns", samplesNs)
        .put("outcome", JSONObject().put("status", status).also {
            if (errorCode != null && message != null) {
                it.put("error", JSONObject().put("code", errorCode).put("message", message))
            }
        })
}

private fun optionalLong(json: JSONObject, key: String): Long? {
    if (!json.has(key) || json.isNull(key)) {
        return null
    }
    return json.optLong(key).takeIf { it >= 0L }
}

private fun formatNativeBenchReport(report: JSONObject): String = buildString {
    val spec = report.optJSONObject("spec") ?: JSONObject()
    val function = spec.optString("name", DEFAULT_FUNCTION)
    val iterations = spec.optInt("iterations", DEFAULT_ITERATIONS.toInt())
    val warmup = spec.optInt("warmup", DEFAULT_WARMUP.toInt())
    val samples = report.optJSONArray("samples") ?: JSONArray()

    appendLine("=== Benchmark Results ===")
    appendLine()
    appendLine("Function: $function")
    appendLine("Iterations: $iterations")
    appendLine("Warmup: $warmup")
    appendLine()
    appendLine("Samples (${samples.length()}):")
    for (index in 0 until samples.length()) {
        val duration = samples.optJSONObject(index)?.optLong("duration_ns", 0L) ?: 0L
        appendLine("  ${index + 1}. ${formatDuration(duration)}")
    }

    val stats = report.optJSONObject("stats")
    if (stats != null) {
        appendLine()
        appendLine("Statistics:")
        appendLine("  Min: ${formatDuration(stats.optLong("min_ns", 0L))}")
        appendLine("  Max: ${formatDuration(stats.optLong("max_ns", 0L))}")
        appendLine("  Avg: ${formatDuration(stats.optLong("mean_ns", 0L))}")
    }
}