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use encoding_rs::SHIFT_JIS;
use crate::{
mpl::MPLKeyFrame,
utils::{Quaternion, Vector3},
};
use std::io::{Cursor, Write};
fn create_ease_in_out_interpolation() -> [u8; 64] {
let mut interpolation = [0u8; 64];
// Ease-in-out control points - using (20, 107) for pronounced curve
let x1 = 64u8;
let y1 = 0u8;
let x2 = 63u8;
let y2 = 127u8;
// Block 1: X_x1,Y_x1,phy1,phy2, X_y1,Y_y1,Z_y1,R_y1, X_x2,Y_x2,Z_x2,R_x2, X_y2,Y_y2,Z_y2,R_y2
interpolation[0] = x1; // X_x1
interpolation[1] = x1; // Y_x1
interpolation[2] = 0; // phy1 (physics off)
interpolation[3] = 0; // phy2 (physics off)
interpolation[4] = y1; // X_y1
interpolation[5] = y1; // Y_y1
interpolation[6] = y1; // Z_y1
interpolation[7] = y1; // R_y1
interpolation[8] = x2; // X_x2
interpolation[9] = x2; // Y_x2
interpolation[10] = x2; // Z_x2
interpolation[11] = x2; // R_x2
interpolation[12] = y2; // X_y2
interpolation[13] = y2; // Y_y2
interpolation[14] = y2; // Z_y2
interpolation[15] = y2; // R_y2
// Block 2: Y_x1,Z_x1,R_x1,X_y1, Y_y1,Z_y1,R_y1,X_x2, Y_x2,Z_x2,R_x2,X_y2, Y_y2,Z_y2,R_y2,00
interpolation[16] = x1; // Y_x1
interpolation[17] = x1; // Z_x1
interpolation[18] = x1; // R_x1
interpolation[19] = y1; // X_y1
interpolation[20] = y1; // Y_y1
interpolation[21] = y1; // Z_y1
interpolation[22] = y1; // R_y1
interpolation[23] = x2; // X_x2
interpolation[24] = x2; // Y_x2
interpolation[25] = x2; // Z_x2
interpolation[26] = x2; // R_x2
interpolation[27] = y2; // X_y2
interpolation[28] = y2; // Y_y2
interpolation[29] = y2; // Z_y2
interpolation[30] = y2; // R_y2
interpolation[31] = 0; // padding
// Block 3: Z_x1,R_x1,X_y1,Y_y1, Z_y1,R_y1,X_x2,Y_x2, Z_x2,R_x2,X_y2,Y_y2, Z_y2,R_y2,00,00
interpolation[32] = x1; // Z_x1
interpolation[33] = x1; // R_x1
interpolation[34] = y1; // X_y1
interpolation[35] = y1; // Y_y1
interpolation[36] = y1; // Z_y1
interpolation[37] = y1; // R_y1
interpolation[38] = x2; // X_x2
interpolation[39] = x2; // Y_x2
interpolation[40] = x2; // Z_x2
interpolation[41] = x2; // R_x2
interpolation[42] = y2; // X_y2
interpolation[43] = y2; // Y_y2
interpolation[44] = y2; // Z_y2
interpolation[45] = y2; // R_y2
interpolation[46] = 0; // padding
interpolation[47] = 0; // padding
// Block 4: R_x1,X_y1,Y_y1,Z_y1, R_y1,X_x2,Y_x2,Z_x2, R_x2,X_y2,Y_y2,Z_y2, R_y2,00,00,00
interpolation[48] = x1; // R_x1
interpolation[49] = y1; // X_y1
interpolation[50] = y1; // Y_y1
interpolation[51] = y1; // Z_y1
interpolation[52] = y1; // R_y1
interpolation[53] = x2; // X_x2
interpolation[54] = x2; // Y_x2
interpolation[55] = x2; // Z_x2
interpolation[56] = x2; // R_x2
interpolation[57] = y2; // X_y2
interpolation[58] = y2; // Y_y2
interpolation[59] = y2; // Z_y2
interpolation[60] = y2; // R_y2
interpolation[61] = 0; // padding
interpolation[62] = 0; // padding
interpolation[63] = 0; // padding
interpolation
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VMDWriter {
pub key_frames: Vec<MPLKeyFrame>,
pub ik_disabled_bones: Vec<String>, // Bones to disable IK for
}
impl VMDWriter {
pub fn new(key_frames: Vec<MPLKeyFrame>) -> Self {
Self {
key_frames,
ik_disabled_bones: vec![
"右足IK親".to_string(),
"左足IK親".to_string(),
"右足ＩＫ".to_string(),
"左足ＩＫ".to_string(),
"右つま先ＩＫ".to_string(),
"左つま先ＩＫ".to_string(),
],
}
}
/// Write a bone frame to the buffer
fn write_bone_frame(
cursor: &mut Cursor<Vec<u8>>,
name: &str,
frame: u32,
position: Vector3,
rotation: Quaternion,
) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
// Write bone name (15 bytes)
let (name_bytes, _, _) = SHIFT_JIS.encode(name);
let mut name_buffer = [0u8; 15];
for (i, &byte) in name_bytes.iter().enumerate() {
if i < 15 {
name_buffer[i] = byte;
}
}
cursor.write_all(&name_buffer)?;
// Write frame number (4 bytes, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&frame.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write position (12 bytes: 3 x f32, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&position.x.to_le_bytes())?;
cursor.write_all(&position.y.to_le_bytes())?;
cursor.write_all(&position.z.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write rotation quaternion (16 bytes: 4 x f32, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&rotation.x.to_le_bytes())?;
cursor.write_all(&rotation.y.to_le_bytes())?;
cursor.write_all(&rotation.z.to_le_bytes())?;
cursor.write_all(&rotation.w.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write interpolation parameters (64 bytes, ease-in-out curve)
let interpolation = create_ease_in_out_interpolation();
// let interpolation = [20u8; 64];
cursor.write_all(&interpolation)?;
Ok(())
}
/// Write a morph frame to the buffer
fn write_morph_frame(
cursor: &mut Cursor<Vec<u8>>,
name: &str,
frame: u32,
weight: f32,
) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
// Write morph name (15 bytes)
let (name_bytes, _, _) = SHIFT_JIS.encode(name);
let mut name_buffer = [0u8; 15];
for (i, &byte) in name_bytes.iter().enumerate() {
if i < 15 {
name_buffer[i] = byte;
}
}
cursor.write_all(&name_buffer)?;
// Write frame number (4 bytes, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&frame.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write weight (4 bytes, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&weight.to_le_bytes())?;
Ok(())
}
/// Write a property key frame with IK flags to the buffer
fn write_property_key_frame(
cursor: &mut Cursor<Vec<u8>>,
frame: u32,
ik_states: &[(String, bool)], // (bone_name, ik_enabled)
) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
// Write frame number (4 bytes, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&frame.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write visibility (1 byte, always visible for now)
cursor.write_all(&[1u8])?;
// Write IK state count (4 bytes, little endian)
cursor.write_all(&(ik_states.len() as u32).to_le_bytes())?;
// Write each IK state
for (bone_name, ik_enabled) in ik_states {
// Write bone name (20 bytes)
let (name_bytes, _, _) = SHIFT_JIS.encode(bone_name);
let mut name_buffer = [0u8; 20];
for (i, &byte) in name_bytes.iter().enumerate() {
if i < 20 {
name_buffer[i] = byte;
}
}
cursor.write_all(&name_buffer)?;
// Write IK enabled flag (1 byte)
cursor.write_all(&[if *ik_enabled { 1u8 } else { 0u8 }])?;
}
Ok(())
}
/// Create VMD file data from recorded frames
pub fn create_vmd(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
if self.key_frames.is_empty() {
return Ok(Vec::new());
}
// Count total bone frame entries across all keyframes
let total_bone_frames: u32 = self
.key_frames
.iter()
.map(|kf| kf.bone_frames.len() as u32)
.sum();
// Count total morph frame entries across all keyframes
let total_morph_frames: u32 = self
.key_frames
.iter()
.map(|kf| kf.morph_frames.len() as u32)
.sum();
// Calculate property key frame size (if we have IK disabled bones)
let property_key_frame_count = if !self.ik_disabled_bones.is_empty() {
1
} else {
0
};
let property_key_frame_size = 4 + 1 + 4 + (self.ik_disabled_bones.len() * (20 + 1)); // frame + visibility + ik_count + ik_states
// Calculate sizes
let header_size = 30 + 20; // Header + model name
let bone_frame_size = 15 + 4 + 12 + 16 + 64; // 111 bytes per bone frame
let morph_frame_size = 15 + 4 + 4; // 23 bytes per morph frame
let total_size = header_size + 4 + // bone frame count
(bone_frame_size * total_bone_frames) as usize +
4 + // morph frame count
(morph_frame_size * total_morph_frames) as usize +
4 + // camera keyframe count
4 + // light keyframe count
4 + // self shadow keyframe count
4 + // property keyframe count
(property_key_frame_size * property_key_frame_count) as usize;
let buffer = Vec::with_capacity(total_size);
let mut cursor = Cursor::new(buffer);
// Write header (30 bytes)
let header = "Vocaloid Motion Data 0002";
let mut header_buffer = [0u8; 30];
for (i, byte) in header.bytes().enumerate() {
if i < 30 {
header_buffer[i] = byte;
}
}
cursor.write_all(&header_buffer)?;
// Write model name (20 bytes, empty)
let model_name_buffer = [0u8; 20];
cursor.write_all(&model_name_buffer)?;
// Write bone frame count
cursor.write_all(&total_bone_frames.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write bone frames
for frame in &self.key_frames {
let frame_number = (frame.time * 60.0) as u32; // Convert seconds to frame at 60 fps
for bone_frame in &frame.bone_frames {
Self::write_bone_frame(
&mut cursor,
&bone_frame.name_jp(),
frame_number,
bone_frame.position(),
bone_frame.rotation(),
)?;
}
}
// Write morph frame count
cursor.write_all(&total_morph_frames.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write morph frames
for frame in &self.key_frames {
let frame_number = (frame.time * 60.0) as u32; // Convert seconds to frame at 60 fps
for morph_frame in &frame.morph_frames {
Self::write_morph_frame(
&mut cursor,
&morph_frame.name_jp,
frame_number,
morph_frame.weight,
)?;
}
}
// Write counts for other frame types
cursor.write_all(&0u32.to_le_bytes())?; // Camera keyframe count
cursor.write_all(&0u32.to_le_bytes())?; // Light keyframe count
cursor.write_all(&0u32.to_le_bytes())?; // Self shadow keyframe count
// Write property keyframe count
cursor.write_all(&property_key_frame_count.to_le_bytes())?;
// Write property keyframes (for IK flags)
if !self.ik_disabled_bones.is_empty() {
let frame_number = 0; // Write at frame 0
let ik_states: Vec<(String, bool)> = self
.ik_disabled_bones
.iter()
.map(|bone_name| (bone_name.clone(), false))
.collect();
Self::write_property_key_frame(&mut cursor, frame_number, &ik_states)?;
}
Ok(cursor.into_inner())
}
}