minipg - Mini Parser Generator

A blazingly fast, modern parser generator written in Rust. faster than ANTLR4 with support for Rust, Python, JavaScript, TypeScript and more.

✨ Features

🚀 Performance

• faster than ANTLR4 for code generation
• Linear O(n) scaling with grammar complexity
• Sub-millisecond generation for typical grammars
• <100 KB memory usage

🌍 Multi-Language Support (8 Languages)

• Rust - Optimized with inline attributes and DFA generation ✅
• Python - Type hints and dataclasses (Python 3.10+) ✅
• JavaScript - Modern ES6+ with error recovery ✅
• TypeScript - Full type safety with interfaces and enums ✅
• Go - Idiomatic Go with interfaces and error handling ✅
• Java - Standalone .java files with proper package structure ✅
• C - Standalone .c/.h files with manual memory management ✅
• C++ - Modern C++17+ with RAII and smart pointers ✅

🎯 ANTLR4 Compatible

• Advanced Character Classes - Full support with Unicode escapes (\u0000-\uFFFF) ✅
• Non-Greedy Quantifiers - .*?, .+?, .?? for complex patterns ✅
• Lexer Commands - -> skip, -> channel(NAME), -> mode(NAME) (parsed & generated) ✅
• Lexer Modes & Channels - Mode stack management and channel routing (code generation) ✅
• Labels - Element labels (id=ID) and list labels (ids+=ID) ✅
• Named Actions - @header, @members with code generation for all 5 languages ✅
• Actions - Embedded actions and semantic predicates (parsed & generated) ✅
• Fragments - Reusable lexer components ✅
• Parameterized Rules - Arguments, returns, and local variables ✅
• Grammar Imports - import X; syntax ✅
• Grammar Options - options {...} blocks ✅
• Real-World Grammars - CompleteJSON.g4 ✅, SQL.g4 ✅, 16 example grammars ✅
• Modular Architecture: Organized into focused crates
• Trait-Based Design: Extensible and testable
• Rich Diagnostics: Detailed error messages with location information
• AST with Visitor Pattern: Flexible tree traversal
• Semantic Analysis:
  • Undefined rule detection
  • Duplicate rule detection
  • Left recursion detection
  • Reachability analysis
  • Empty alternative warnings
• Code Generation:
  • Generates optimized standalone parsers
  • Visitor pattern generation
  • Listener pattern generation
  • Configurable output
• CLI Tool: Easy-to-use command-line interface
• Error Recovery: Robust error handling and recovery strategies
• Comprehensive Documentation: User guide, API docs, and syntax reference
• Snapshot Testing: Comprehensive tests using insta for regression prevention
• Complex Grammar Examples: JSON, SQL, Java, Python, and more

Architecture

minipg is organized as a single crate with modular structure:

• core: Core types, traits, and error handling
• ast: Abstract Syntax Tree definitions and visitor patterns
• parser: Grammar file parser (lexer + parser)
• analysis: Semantic analysis and validation
• codegen: Code generation for 8 target languages (Rust, Python, JS, TS, Go, Java, C, C++)
• CLI: Command-line interface with binary

See ARCHITECTURE.md for detailed design documentation.

Installation

From crates.io

cargo install minipg

From Source

git clone https://github.com/yingkitw/minipg
cd minipg
cargo install --path .

Usage

Generate a Parser

# Generate Rust parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l rust

# Generate Python parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l python

# Generate JavaScript parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l javascript

# Generate TypeScript parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l typescript

# Generate Go parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l go

# Generate Java parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l java

# Generate C parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l c

# Generate C++ parser
minipg generate grammar.g4 -o output/ -l cpp

Validate a Grammar

minipg validate grammar.g4

Show Grammar Information

minipg info grammar.g4

Grammar Syntax

minipg supports ANTLR4-compatible syntax with advanced features:

grammar Calculator;

// Parser rules
expr: term (('+' | '-') term)*;
term: factor (('*' | '/') factor)*;
factor: NUMBER | '(' expr ')';

// Lexer rules with character classes
NUMBER: [0-9]+;
IDENTIFIER: [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*;

// Non-greedy quantifiers for comments
BLOCK_COMMENT: '/*' .*? '*/' -> skip;
LINE_COMMENT: '//' .*? '\n' -> skip;

// Unicode escapes in character classes
STRING: '"' (ESC | ~["\\\u0000-\u001F])* '"';
fragment ESC: '\\' ["\\/bfnrt];

// Lexer commands
WS: [ \t\r\n]+ -> skip;

Comparisons

vs ANTLR4

minipg provides a modern alternative to ANTLR4 while maintaining full grammar compatibility:

Key Advantages:

• ⚡ Fast code generation - sub-millisecond for typical grammars
• 🚀 No runtime dependencies - generates standalone parsers
• 🦀 Modern Rust implementation with safety guarantees
• 📦 Smaller footprint - <100 KB memory usage
• 🔧 Easy integration - no Java runtime required

See COMPARISON_WITH_ANTLR4RUST.md for detailed comparison.

vs Pest

minipg and Pest serve different needs in the Rust parsing ecosystem:

Choose minipg if you need:

• Multi-language parser generation
• ANTLR4 grammar compatibility
• Standalone, portable parsers with no runtime dependencies
• Automatic visitor/listener patterns

Choose Pest if you need:

• Rust-only parsing
• PEG parsing semantics
• Compile-time grammar validation
• Tight Rust macro integration

See COMPARISON_WITH_PEST.md for detailed comparison.

Documentation

• User Guide - Complete guide to using minipg
• Grammar Syntax Reference - Detailed syntax specification
• API Documentation - API reference for library usage
• Architecture - Design and architecture overview
• ANTLR4 Compatibility - Full ANTLR4 grammar support
• Multi-Language Plan - Target language support roadmap
• Runtime Decision - Why standalone generation
• Comparison with ANTLR4 - Performance and feature comparison
• Comparison with Pest - Rust parser generator comparison
• Examples - 16 example grammars (beginner to advanced)
  • Simple: calculator, JSON
  • Intermediate: Expression, Config, YAML
  • Advanced: GraphQL, Query, CSS, Markdown, Protocol, SQL, Java, Python
• Examples Guide - Comprehensive examples documentation
• Archive - Historical session reports and release notes

Development

Building

cargo build

Running Tests

cargo test --all

All 102+ tests pass with 100% success rate.

Running with Logging

RUST_LOG=info cargo run -- generate grammar.g4

Project Status

• Current Version: 0.1.2 (Published on crates.io)
• Status: Production Ready
• Tests: 102+ passing (100% pass rate)
• Target Languages: 8 (Rust, Python, JavaScript, TypeScript, Go, Java, C, C++)
• Package: Single consolidated crate for easy installation
• Example Grammars: 19 comprehensive examples covering various complexity levels
• E2E Coverage: Full pipeline testing from grammar to working parser
• ANTLR4 Compatibility: High - supports most common features
• MCP Server: Model Context Protocol server for AI integration ✅
• Latest Features:
  • ✅ 8 target languages fully supported
  • ✅ Java, C, and C++ code generators
  • ✅ Grammar composition and imports
  • ✅ Lexer modes and channels
  • ✅ Action code generation and translation
  • ✅ Comprehensive test suite with fuzzing

See TODO.md for current tasks and development roadmap.

License

Apache-2.0