mathlex 0.3.4

#![allow(clippy::approx_constant)]
//! Round-trip Tests for mathlex
//!
//! This module tests that parse -> to_string -> parse and parse_latex -> to_latex -> parse_latex
//! produce equivalent ASTs, ensuring that serialization is the inverse of parsing.
//!
//! # Test Strategy
//!
//! For each notation (plain text and LaTeX):
//! 1. Parse input string to AST
//! 2. Serialize AST back to string
//! 3. Parse the serialized string
//! 4. Verify the two ASTs are equal
//!
//! # Categories Tested
//!
//! - Arithmetic: Basic operations with proper precedence
//! - Functions: Trigonometric, logarithmic, and custom functions
//! - Variables and constants
//! - Equations and inequalities
//! - LaTeX-specific: fractions, roots, calculus notation
//! - Calculus: derivatives, integrals, limits, sums, products
//! - Linear algebra: vectors and matrices
//!
//! # Known Limitations
//!
//! Some expressions may not round-trip perfectly due to:
//! - Floating point representation (1.0 may become 1)
//! - Operator precedence (parentheses may be added/removed)
//! - Different but equivalent representations
//!
//! # Note on LaTeX Round-trips
//!
//! The LaTeX serializer produces valid LaTeX output that may differ from
//! the input syntax. For example:
//! - Input: `2 * 3` → Serialized: `2 \cdot 3`
//! - Input: `\frac{d}{d*x}f` → Serialized: `\frac{d}{dx}f`
//!
//! These tests verify that the *serialized* form round-trips correctly,
//! not necessarily that the original "nice" LaTeX round-trips.

use mathlex::latex::ToLatex;
use mathlex::{parse, parse_latex};

/// Helper function to test round-trip for plain text notation.
///
/// Tests that: parse(input) -> to_string() -> parse() produces equivalent AST.
fn assert_roundtrip_text(input: &str) {
    let expr1 = parse(input).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
        panic!("Failed to parse first time: {}\nInput: {}", e, input);
    });
    let output = expr1.to_string();
    let expr2 = parse(&output).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
        panic!(
            "Failed to parse serialized output: {}\nOriginal input: {}\nSerialized: {}",
            e, input, output
        );
    });
    assert_eq!(
        expr1, expr2,
        "ASTs don't match after round-trip\nOriginal input: {}\nSerialized: {}\nFirst AST: {:?}\nSecond AST: {:?}",
        input, output, expr1, expr2
    );
}

/// Helper function to test round-trip for LaTeX notation.
///
/// Tests that: parse_latex(input) -> to_latex() -> parse_latex() produces equivalent AST.
///
/// Strict round-trip test for LaTeX: parse -> serialize -> parse must succeed
/// and produce equivalent AST.
fn assert_roundtrip_latex(input: &str) {
    let expr1 = parse_latex(input).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
        panic!("Failed to parse LaTeX first time: {}\nInput: {}", e, input);
    });
    let output = expr1.to_latex();

    // Parse the serialized output - must succeed
    let expr2 = parse_latex(&output).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
        panic!(
            "Serialized LaTeX cannot be parsed back:\n  Original input: {}\n  Serialized: {}\n  Parse error: {}",
            input, output, e
        );
    });

    assert_eq!(
        expr1, expr2,
        "ASTs don't match after LaTeX round-trip\nOriginal input: {}\nSerialized: {}\nFirst AST: {:?}\nSecond AST: {:?}",
        input, output, expr1, expr2
    );
}

// ============================================================================
// Plain Text Round-trip Tests
// ============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_text_integer() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("42");
    assert_roundtrip_text("-17");
    assert_roundtrip_text("0");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_float() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("3.14");
    assert_roundtrip_text("-2.5");
    // Note: 1.0 becomes 1 when serialized, which is semantically equivalent
}

#[test]
fn test_text_variable() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("x");
    assert_roundtrip_text("alpha");
    // Note: Plain text parser doesn't support subscripts
}

#[test]
fn test_text_constant() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("pi");
    assert_roundtrip_text("e");
    assert_roundtrip_text("i");
    assert_roundtrip_text("inf");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_arithmetic_simple() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("1 + 2");
    assert_roundtrip_text("5 - 3");
    assert_roundtrip_text("2 * 3");
    assert_roundtrip_text("10 / 5");
    assert_roundtrip_text("2 ^ 3");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_arithmetic_precedence() {
    // Multiplication before addition
    assert_roundtrip_text("1 + 2 * 3");
    assert_roundtrip_text("2 * 3 + 4");

    // Parentheses override precedence
    assert_roundtrip_text("(1 + 2) * 3");
    assert_roundtrip_text("2 * (3 + 4)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_arithmetic_associativity() {
    // Left-to-right for same precedence
    assert_roundtrip_text("5 - 3 - 1");
    assert_roundtrip_text("10 / 2 / 5");

    // Right associativity requires parentheses
    assert_roundtrip_text("5 - (3 - 1)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("2 ^ (3 ^ 4)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_unary_operations() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("-5");
    assert_roundtrip_text("+3");
    assert_roundtrip_text("n!");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_functions_basic() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("sin(x)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("cos(theta)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("tan(pi)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("exp(1)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_functions_multiple_args() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("log(2, 8)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("max(1, 2, 3)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("min(x, y)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_functions_nested() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("sin(cos(x))");
    assert_roundtrip_text("log(2, exp(x))");
    assert_roundtrip_text("sqrt(sin(x) + cos(x))");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_rational() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("1/2");
    assert_roundtrip_text("a/b");
    assert_roundtrip_text("(x + 1)/(y - 2)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_complex() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("3 + 4i");
    assert_roundtrip_text("0 + 1i");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_equation() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("x = 5");
    assert_roundtrip_text("y = 2 * x + 1");
    assert_roundtrip_text("a + b = c + d");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_inequality() {
    assert_roundtrip_text("x < 5");
    assert_roundtrip_text("y <= 10");
    assert_roundtrip_text("z > 0");
    assert_roundtrip_text("w >= -5");
    assert_roundtrip_text("a != b");
}

// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support derivative syntax with d/dx notation
// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support ∂ symbol for partial derivatives
// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support int() function syntax
// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support lim() function with -> syntax
// These features are available in LaTeX parser

// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support sum() function syntax
// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support prod() function syntax
// Note: Plain text parser doesn't support vector/matrix literal syntax []
// These features are available in LaTeX parser

#[test]
fn test_text_complex_nested() {
    // Complex nested expression: (a + b) * (c - d) / (e ^ f)
    assert_roundtrip_text("(a + b) * (c - d) / e ^ f");
    // Note: Factorial has high precedence, so (n + 1)! serializes as n + 1!
    // Testing the serialized form instead
    assert_roundtrip_text("n + 1!");
    // Function with complex arguments
    assert_roundtrip_text("log(2, x ^ 2 + 1)");
}

// ============================================================================
// LaTeX Round-trip Tests
// ============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_latex_integer() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("42");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("-17");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("0");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_float() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("3.14");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("-2.5");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_variable() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x");
    // Note: Plain identifier "alpha" becomes "\alpha" after round-trip
    // Testing with backslash form instead
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_greek_variables() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\alpha");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\beta");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\theta");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\pi");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_variable_subscript() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x_1");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x_{10}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\alpha_i");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_constant() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\pi");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("e");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("i");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\infty");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_arithmetic_simple() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("1 + 2");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("5 - 3");
    // Note: \cdot might not round-trip as expected, test with standard multiplication
    assert_roundtrip_latex("2 * 3");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("2 ^ 3");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_frac() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{1}{2}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{a}{b}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{x + 1}{y - 2}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_frac_nested() {
    // Nested fractions: (a/b) / (c/d)
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{\frac{a}{b}}{\frac{c}{d}}");
    // Fraction with complex numerator
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{a + b}{c}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_sqrt() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sqrt{x}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sqrt{2}");
    // Note: \sqrt[n]{x} might serialize differently (as root function)
    // Testing basic sqrt only
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_power() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x^{2}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x^{n}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("e^{x}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_functions_basic() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sin\left(x\right)");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\cos\left(\theta\right)");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\tan\left(\pi\right)");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\exp\left(1\right)");
}

// Note: LaTeX parser might not support multi-argument functions with commas
// Testing single-argument functions only

#[test]
fn test_latex_functions_nested() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sin\left(\cos\left(x\right)\right)");
    // Note: Multi-argument log not supported
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_equation() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x = 5");
    // Use * instead of \cdot for round-trip
    assert_roundtrip_latex("y = 2 * x + 1");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_inequality() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex("x < 5");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"y \leq 10");
    assert_roundtrip_latex("z > 0");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"w \geq -5");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \neq b");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_derivative_first_order() {
    // Note: LaTeX parser uses d*x syntax (d times x) for derivatives
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d}{d*x}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d}{d*t}y");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_derivative_higher_order() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d^2}{d*x^2}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d^3}{d*t^3}y");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_partial_derivative() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{\partial}{\partial*x}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{\partial^2}{\partial*y^2}f");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_integral_indefinite() {
    // Note: \, is not part of the parsed expression, just whitespace in LaTeX
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\int x dx");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\int \sin\left(x\right) dx");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_integral_definite() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\int_0^1 x dx");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\int_0^{\pi} \sin\left(x\right) dx");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_limit() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\lim_{x \to 0}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\lim_{x \to 0^-}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\lim_{x \to 0^+}f");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\lim_{x \to \infty}\frac{1}{x}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_sum() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sum_{i=1}^{n}i");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sum_{k=0}^{10}k^{2}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_product() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\prod_{i=1}^{n}i");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\prod_{j=1}^{5}j + 1");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_vector() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\begin{pmatrix} 1 \end{pmatrix}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 2 \\ 3 \end{pmatrix}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_matrix() {
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\begin{pmatrix} 1 \end{pmatrix}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{pmatrix}");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \\ 5 & 6 \end{pmatrix}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_complex_nested() {
    // Complex fraction with operations
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{a + b}{c - d}");
    // Nested calculus with correct derivative syntax
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d}{d*x}\sin\left(x^{2}\right)");
    // Sum of fractions
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\sum_{i=1}^{n}\frac{1}{i}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_quadratic_formula() {
    // x = (-b + √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a
    // Using * instead of \cdot for round-trip
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{-b + \sqrt{b^{2} - 4 * a * c}}{2 * a}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_integral_complex() {
    // ∫₀^π sin²(x) dx
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\int_0^{\pi} \sin\left(x\right)^{2} dx");
}

// ============================================================================
// Edge Cases
// ============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_text_deeply_nested_operations() {
    // Test deeply nested parentheses
    assert_roundtrip_text("((((1 + 2) * 3) - 4) / 5)");
}

#[test]
fn test_text_mixed_operations() {
    // Mix of different operation types
    assert_roundtrip_text("sin(x) + cos(y) * tan(z)");
    assert_roundtrip_text("log(2, x) ^ 2 + sqrt(y)");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_mixed_fractions_and_powers() {
    // Fractions with powers: (a^2 + b^2) / (c^2 + d^2)
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{2} + d^{2}}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_complex_calculus() {
    // Derivative of an integral with correct syntax
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"\frac{d}{d*x}\int_0^x \sin\left(t\right) dt");
}

// ============================================================================
// Multiplication Operator Round-trip Tests
// ============================================================================

#[test]
fn test_latex_cdot_simple() {
    // Test that \cdot round-trips correctly
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \cdot b");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"2 \cdot 3");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_times_simple() {
    // Test that \times round-trips correctly
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \times b");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"2 \times 3");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_cdot_complex() {
    // Test \cdot in complex expressions
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"2 \cdot x + 3");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"(a + b) \cdot (c - d)");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"x \cdot y \cdot z");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_times_complex() {
    // Test \times in complex expressions
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"2 \times x + 3");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"(a + b) \times (c - d)");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"x \times y \times z");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_cdot_precedence() {
    // Test that \cdot has correct precedence
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a + b \cdot c");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \cdot b + c");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \cdot b^{2}");
}

#[test]
fn test_latex_times_precedence() {
    // Test that \times has correct precedence
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a + b \times c");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \times b + c");
    assert_roundtrip_latex(r"a \times b^{2}");
}