Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
use super::{
    service::Service,
    types::{OverallStatus, Priority, ShutdownError, StartupError, Status},
};
use crate::{event::EventRepeater, service::Taskchain};
use log::{error, info, warn};
use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    error::Error,
    fmt::{self, Display},
    mem,
    sync::{Arc, OnceLock, Weak},
    time::Duration,
};
use tokio::{
    spawn,
    sync::{Mutex, MutexGuard},
    task::JoinHandle,
    time::timeout,
};

#[derive(Default)]
pub struct ServiceManagerBuilder {
    services: Vec<Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>>,
}

impl ServiceManagerBuilder {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            services: Vec::new(),
        }
    }

    //TODO: When Rust allows async closures, refactor this to use iterator methods instead of for loop
    pub async fn with_service(mut self, service: Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>) -> Self {
        let lock = service.lock().await;

        let mut found = false;
        for registered_service in self.services.iter() {
            let registered_service = registered_service.lock().await;

            if registered_service.info().id == lock.info().id {
                found = true;
            }
        }

        if found {
            warn!(
                "Tried to add service {} ({}), but a service with that ID already exists. Ignoring.",
                lock.info().name,
                lock.info().id
            );
            return self;
        }

        drop(lock);

        self.services.push(service);
        self
    }

    pub async fn build(self) -> Arc<ServiceManager> {
        let service_manager = ServiceManager {
            weak: OnceLock::new(),
            services: self.services,
            background_tasks: Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
            on_status_change: EventRepeater::new("service_manager_on_status_change").await,
        };

        let arc = Arc::new(service_manager);
        let weak = Arc::downgrade(&arc);

        let result = arc.weak.set(weak);
        if result.is_err() {
            error!("Unable to set ServiceManager's Weak self-reference in ServiceManagerBuilder because it was already set. This should never happen. Shutting down ungracefully to prevent further undefined behavior.");
            unreachable!("Unable to set ServiceManager's Weak self-reference in ServiceManagerBuilder because it was already set.");
        }

        arc
    }
}

pub struct ServiceManager {
    weak: OnceLock<Weak<Self>>,
    background_tasks: Mutex<HashMap<String, JoinHandle<Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>>>>,

    pub services: Vec<Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>>,
    pub on_status_change: Arc<EventRepeater<Status>>,
}

impl ServiceManager {
    pub fn builder() -> ServiceManagerBuilder {
        ServiceManagerBuilder::new()
    }

    pub async fn manages_service(&self, service_id: &str) -> bool {
        for service in self.services.iter() {
            let service_lock = service.lock().await;

            if service_lock.info().id == service_id {
                return true;
            }
        }

        false
    }

    pub async fn start_service(
        &self,
        service: Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>,
    ) -> Result<(), StartupError> {
        let service_id = service.lock().await.info().id.clone();
        if !self.manages_service(&service_id).await {
            return Err(StartupError::ServiceNotManaged(service_id.clone()));
        }

        let mut service_lock = service.lock().await;

        let status = service_lock.info().status.get().await;
        if !matches!(status, Status::Stopped) {
            return Err(StartupError::ServiceNotStopped(service_id.clone()));
        }

        if self.has_background_task_registered(&service_id).await {
            return Err(StartupError::BackgroundTaskAlreadyRunning(
                service_id.clone(),
            ));
        }

        let service_status_event = service_lock.info().status.as_ref();
        let attachment_result = self.on_status_change.attach(service_status_event, 2).await;
        if let Err(err) = attachment_result {
            return Err(StartupError::StatusAttachmentFailed(
                service_id.clone(),
                err,
            ));
        }

        service_lock.info().status.set(Status::Starting).await;
        self.init_service(&mut service_lock).await?;
        self.start_background_task(&service_lock, Arc::clone(&service))
            .await;

        info!("Started service {}", service_lock.info().name);

        Ok(())
    }

    //TODO: Clean up
    pub async fn stop_service(
        &self,
        service: Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>,
    ) -> Result<(), ShutdownError> {
        let service_id = service.lock().await.info().id.clone();
        if !(self.manages_service(&service_id).await) {
            return Err(ShutdownError::ServiceNotManaged(service_id.clone()));
        }

        let mut service_lock = service.lock().await;

        let status = service_lock.info().status.get().await;
        if !matches!(status, Status::Started) {
            return Err(ShutdownError::ServiceNotStarted(service_id.clone()));
        }

        self.stop_background_task(&service_lock).await;

        service_lock.info().status.set(Status::Stopping).await;

        self.shutdown_service(&mut service_lock).await?;

        let service_status_event = service_lock.info().status.as_ref();
        let detach_result = self.on_status_change.detach(service_status_event).await;
        if let Err(err) = detach_result {
            return Err(ShutdownError::StatusDetachmentFailed(
                service_id.clone(),
                err,
            ));
        }

        info!("Stopped service {}", service_lock.info().name);

        Ok(())
    }

    pub async fn start_services(&self) -> Vec<Result<(), StartupError>> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for service in &self.services {
            let service_arc_clone = Arc::clone(service);
            let result = self.start_service(service_arc_clone).await;

            results.push(result);
        }

        results
    }

    pub async fn stop_services(&self) -> Vec<Result<(), ShutdownError>> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for service in &self.services {
            let service_arc_clone = Arc::clone(service);
            let result = self.stop_service(service_arc_clone).await;

            results.push(result);
        }

        results
    }

    /*
        I tried to do this in safe rust for 3 days, but I couldn't figure it out
        Should you come up with a way to do this in safe rust, please make a PR! :)
        Anyways, this should never cause any issues, since we checked if the service is of type T
    */
    pub async fn get_service<T>(&self) -> Option<Arc<Mutex<T>>>
    where
        T: Service,
    {
        for service in self.services.iter() {
            let lock = service.lock().await;

            let is_t = lock.as_any().is::<T>();
            if is_t {
                let service_ptr: *const Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>> = service;

                unsafe {
                    let t_ptr: *const Arc<Mutex<T>> = mem::transmute(service_ptr);
                    return Some(Arc::clone(&*t_ptr));
                }
            }
        }

        None
    }

    //TODO: When Rust allows async closures, refactor this to use iterator methods instead of for loop
    pub async fn overall_status(&self) -> OverallStatus {
        for service in self.services.iter() {
            let service = service.lock().await;

            if service.info().priority != Priority::Essential {
                continue;
            }

            let status = service.info().status.get().await;
            if status != Status::Started {
                return OverallStatus::Unhealthy;
            }
        }

        OverallStatus::Healthy
    }

    //TODO: When Rust allows async closures, refactor this to use iterator methods instead of for loop
    pub async fn status_overview(&self) -> String {
        let mut text_buffer = String::new();

        let mut failed_essentials = Vec::new();
        let mut failed_optionals = Vec::new();
        let mut non_failed_essentials = Vec::new();
        let mut non_failed_optionals = Vec::new();
        let mut others = Vec::new();

        for service in self.services.iter() {
            let service = service.lock().await;
            let info = service.info();
            let priority = &info.priority;
            let status = info.status.get().await;

            match status {
                Status::Started | Status::Stopped => match priority {
                    Priority::Essential => {
                        non_failed_essentials.push(format!(" - {}: {}", info.name, status));
                    }
                    Priority::Optional => {
                        non_failed_optionals.push(format!(" - {}: {}", info.name, status));
                    }
                },
                Status::FailedToStart(_) | Status::FailedToStop(_) | Status::RuntimeError(_) => {
                    match priority {
                        Priority::Essential => {
                            failed_essentials.push(format!(" - {}: {}", info.name, status));
                        }
                        Priority::Optional => {
                            failed_optionals.push(format!(" - {}: {}", info.name, status));
                        }
                    }
                }
                _ => {
                    others.push(format!(" - {}: {}", info.name, status));
                }
            }
        }

        if !failed_essentials.is_empty() {
            text_buffer.push_str(&format!("{}:\n", "Failed essential services"));
            text_buffer.push_str(failed_essentials.join("\n").as_str());
        }

        if !failed_optionals.is_empty() {
            text_buffer.push_str(&format!("{}:\n", "Failed optional services"));
            text_buffer.push_str(failed_optionals.join("\n").as_str());
        }

        if !non_failed_essentials.is_empty() {
            text_buffer.push_str(&format!("{}:\n", "Essential services"));
            text_buffer.push_str(non_failed_essentials.join("\n").as_str());
        }

        if !non_failed_optionals.is_empty() {
            text_buffer.push_str(&format!("{}:\n", "Optional services"));
            text_buffer.push_str(non_failed_optionals.join("\n").as_str());
        }

        if !others.is_empty() {
            text_buffer.push_str(&format!("{}:\n", "Other services"));
            text_buffer.push_str(others.join("\n").as_str());
        }

        let longest_width = text_buffer
            .lines()
            .map(|line| line.len())
            .max()
            .unwrap_or(0);

        let mut headline = String::from("Status overview\n");
        headline.push_str("─".repeat(longest_width).as_str());
        headline.push('\n');
        text_buffer.insert_str(0, &headline);

        text_buffer
    }

    async fn init_service(
        &self,
        service: &mut MutexGuard<'_, dyn Service>,
    ) -> Result<(), StartupError> {
        let weak = match self.weak.get() {
            Some(weak) => weak,
            None => {
                error!("ServiceManager's Weak self-reference was None while initializing service {}. This should never happen. Did you not use a ServiceManagerBuilder? Shutting down ungracefully to prevent further undefined behavior.", service.info().name);
                unreachable!(
                    "ServiceManager's Weak self-reference was None while initializing service {}.",
                    service.info().name
                );
            }
        };

        // This can't fail because the Arc is guaranteed to be valid as long as &self is valid.
        let arc = match weak.upgrade() {
            Some(arc) => arc,
            None => {
                error!("ServiceManager's Weak self-reference could not be upgraded to Arc while initializing service {}. This should never happen. Shutting down ungracefully to prevent further undefined behavior.", service.info().name);
                unreachable!("ServiceManager's Weak self-reference could not be upgraded to Arc while initializing service {}.", service.info().name);
            }
        };

        //TODO: Add to config instead of hardcoding duration
        let start = service.start(arc);
        let timeout_result = timeout(Duration::from_secs(10), start).await;

        match timeout_result {
            Ok(start_result) => match start_result {
                Ok(()) => {
                    service.info().status.set(Status::Started).await;
                }
                Err(error) => {
                    service
                        .info()
                        .status
                        .set(Status::FailedToStart(error.to_string()))
                        .await;
                    return Err(StartupError::FailedToStartService(
                        service.info().id.clone(),
                    ));
                }
            },
            Err(error) => {
                service
                    .info()
                    .status
                    .set(Status::FailedToStart(error.to_string()))
                    .await;
                return Err(StartupError::FailedToStartService(
                    service.info().id.clone(),
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    async fn shutdown_service(
        &self,
        service: &mut MutexGuard<'_, dyn Service>,
    ) -> Result<(), ShutdownError> {
        //TODO: Add to config instead of hardcoding duration
        let stop = service.stop();
        let timeout_result = timeout(Duration::from_secs(10), stop).await;

        match timeout_result {
            Ok(stop_result) => match stop_result {
                Ok(()) => {
                    service.info().status.set(Status::Stopped).await;
                }
                Err(error) => {
                    service
                        .info()
                        .status
                        .set(Status::FailedToStop(error.to_string()))
                        .await;
                    return Err(ShutdownError::FailedToStopService(
                        service.info().id.clone(),
                    ));
                }
            },
            Err(error) => {
                service
                    .info()
                    .status
                    .set(Status::FailedToStop(error.to_string()))
                    .await;
                return Err(ShutdownError::FailedToStopService(
                    service.info().id.clone(),
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    async fn has_background_task_registered(&self, service_id: &str) -> bool {
        let tasks = self.background_tasks.lock().await;
        tasks.contains_key(service_id)
    }

    async fn start_background_task(
        &self,
        service_lock: &MutexGuard<'_, dyn Service>,
        service: Arc<Mutex<dyn Service>>,
    ) {
        if self
            .has_background_task_registered(&service_lock.info().id)
            .await
        {
            return;
        }

        let task = service_lock.task();
        if let Some(task) = task {
            let mut taskchain = Taskchain::new(task);

            taskchain.append(|result| async move {
                let service = service.lock().await;

                match result {
                    Ok(()) => {
                        error!(
                            "Background task of service {} ended unexpectedly! Service will be marked as failed.",
                            service.info().name
                        );

                        service
                            .info()
                            .status
                            .set(Status::RuntimeError("Background task ended unexpectedly!".to_string()))
                            .await;
                    }

                    Err(error) => {
                        error!(
                            "Background task of service {} ended with error: {}. Service will be marked as failed.",
                            service.info().name,
                            error
                        );

                        service
                            .info()
                            .status
                            .set(Status::RuntimeError(
                                format!("Background task ended with error: {}", error),
                            ))
                            .await;
                    }
                }
                Ok(())
            });

            let join_handle = spawn(taskchain.run());

            self.background_tasks
                .lock()
                .await
                .insert(service_lock.info().id.clone(), join_handle);
        }
    }

    async fn stop_background_task(&self, service_lock: &MutexGuard<'_, dyn Service>) {
        if !self
            .has_background_task_registered(&service_lock.info().id)
            .await
        {
            return;
        }

        let mut tasks_lock = self.background_tasks.lock().await;
        let task = tasks_lock.get(&service_lock.info().id).unwrap();
        task.abort();
        tasks_lock.remove(&service_lock.info().id);
    }
}

impl Display for ServiceManager {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "Services: ")?;

        if self.services.is_empty() {
            write!(f, "None")?;
            return Ok(());
        }

        let mut services = self.services.iter().peekable();
        while let Some(service) = services.next() {
            let service = service.blocking_lock();
            write!(f, "{} ({})", service.info().name, service.info().id)?;
            if services.peek().is_some() {
                write!(f, ", ")?;
            }
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}