lisette-emit 0.2.6

Little language inspired by Rust that compiles to Go
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
use crate::Emitter;
use crate::expressions::context::ExpressionContext;
use crate::is_order_sensitive;
use crate::patterns::sites::PatternSubject;
use crate::utils::DiscardGuard;
use crate::write_line;
use syntax::ast::{Binding, Expression, Pattern};
use syntax::types::Type;

impl Emitter<'_> {
    /// Extract a loop variable from a pattern, binding the identifier if present.
    /// `fallback` controls what happens when the pattern is unused or non-identifier:
    /// - `Some(hint)`: generate a fresh var (needed for C-style loops where `_` is invalid)
    /// - `None`: use `"_"` (valid in `for range` syntax)
    fn bind_loop_pattern(&mut self, pattern: &Pattern, fallback: Option<&str>) -> String {
        if let Pattern::Identifier { identifier, .. } = pattern
            && let Some(mut go_name) = self.go_name_for_binding(pattern)
        {
            if self.scope.has_binding_for_go_name(&go_name) {
                go_name = self.fresh_var(Some(&go_name));
            }
            return self.scope.bind(identifier, go_name);
        }
        match fallback {
            Some(hint) => self.fresh_var(Some(hint)),
            None => "_".to_string(),
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn emit_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        binding: &Binding,
        iterable: &Expression,
        body: &Expression,
        needs_label: bool,
    ) {
        self.set_current_loop_label_if_needed(needs_label);

        if let Expression::Range {
            start,
            end,
            inclusive,
            ..
        } = iterable
        {
            self.emit_range_for_loop(output, binding, start, end, *inclusive, body);
            return;
        }

        let iterable_ty = iterable.get_type();
        if let Some(ty_name) = iterable_ty.get_name()
            && matches!(ty_name, "Range" | "RangeInclusive" | "RangeFrom")
        {
            self.emit_stored_range_for_loop(output, binding, iterable, ty_name, body);
            return;
        }

        if let Some((kind, receiver)) = recognize_string_view_loop(binding, iterable) {
            match kind {
                StringViewKind::Runes => self.emit_runes_for_loop(output, binding, receiver, body),
                StringViewKind::Bytes => self.emit_bytes_for_loop(output, binding, receiver, body),
            }
            return;
        }

        let iter_expression = self.emit_operand(output, iterable, ExpressionContext::value());
        let iter_expression = if iterable.get_type().is_ref() {
            format!("*{}", iter_expression)
        } else {
            iter_expression
        };

        let is_channel = iterable_ty
            .get_name()
            .is_some_and(|n| n == "Channel" || n == "Receiver");

        self.enter_scope();

        if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
            write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
        }

        match &binding.pattern {
            Pattern::Identifier { .. } => {
                self.emit_identifier_for_loop(
                    output,
                    &binding.pattern,
                    &iter_expression,
                    is_channel,
                    body,
                );
            }
            Pattern::WildCard { .. } => {
                write_line!(output, "for range {} {{", iter_expression);
                self.emit_block(output, body);
                output.push_str("}\n");
            }
            Pattern::Tuple { elements, .. }
                if elements.len() == 2
                    && iterable_ty.get_name().is_some_and(|n| {
                        n == "Map" || n == "OrderedMap" || n == "EnumeratedSlice"
                    }) =>
            {
                self.emit_map_tuple_for_loop(output, elements, &binding.ty, &iter_expression, body);
            }
            _ => {
                self.emit_for_loop_pattern_site(
                    output,
                    binding,
                    &iter_expression,
                    is_channel,
                    body,
                );
            }
        }

        self.exit_scope();
    }

    /// For loops over an identifier-bound iterable: `for x := range xs` (or
    /// `for range xs` when the binding is discarded). Channels drop the index
    /// position from the `range` form.
    fn emit_identifier_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        pattern: &Pattern,
        iter_expression: &str,
        is_channel: bool,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        let loop_var = self.bind_loop_pattern(pattern, None);
        if loop_var == "_" {
            write_line!(output, "for range {} {{", iter_expression);
        } else if is_channel {
            write_line!(output, "for {} := range {} {{", loop_var, iter_expression);
        } else {
            write_line!(
                output,
                "for _, {} := range {} {{",
                loop_var,
                iter_expression
            );
        }
        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");
    }

    /// Tuple destructuring over a map-like iterable (`Map`, `OrderedMap`,
    /// `EnumeratedSlice`). Simple identifier/wildcard element pairs bind
    /// directly in the `range` header; compound patterns capture into fresh
    /// vars and emit decision-tree bindings inside the loop body.
    fn emit_map_tuple_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        elements: &[Pattern],
        binding_ty: &Type,
        iter_expression: &str,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        let first = &elements[0];
        let second = &elements[1];
        let element_tys: &[Type] = match binding_ty {
            Type::Tuple(tys) => tys.as_slice(),
            _ => &[],
        };
        let first_ty = element_tys.first().unwrap_or(binding_ty);
        let second_ty = element_tys.get(1).unwrap_or(binding_ty);

        let first_is_simple =
            matches!(first, Pattern::Identifier { .. } | Pattern::WildCard { .. });
        let second_is_simple = matches!(
            second,
            Pattern::Identifier { .. } | Pattern::WildCard { .. }
        );

        if !first_is_simple || !second_is_simple {
            let key_var = self.fresh_var(Some("key"));
            let value_var = self.fresh_var(Some("value"));
            write_line!(
                output,
                "for {}, {} := range {} {{",
                key_var,
                value_var,
                iter_expression
            );
            let key_guard = DiscardGuard::new(output, &key_var);
            let value_guard = DiscardGuard::new(output, &value_var);
            self.emit_irrefutable_pattern_site(
                output,
                PatternSubject::for_value(key_var),
                first,
                None,
                first_ty,
            );
            self.emit_irrefutable_pattern_site(
                output,
                PatternSubject::for_value(value_var),
                second,
                None,
                second_ty,
            );
            self.emit_block(output, body);
            key_guard.finish(output);
            value_guard.finish(output);
            output.push_str("}\n");
            return;
        }

        let first_is_discard =
            matches!(first, Pattern::WildCard { .. }) || self.go_name_for_binding(first).is_none();
        let second_is_discard = matches!(second, Pattern::WildCard { .. })
            || self.go_name_for_binding(second).is_none();
        if first_is_discard && second_is_discard {
            write_line!(output, "for range {} {{", iter_expression);
        } else {
            let key = self.bind_loop_pattern(first, None);
            let value = self.bind_loop_pattern(second, None);
            write_line!(
                output,
                "for {}, {} := range {} {{",
                key,
                value,
                iter_expression
            );
        }
        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");
    }

    fn emit_range_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        binding: &Binding,
        start: &Option<Box<Expression>>,
        end: &Option<Box<Expression>>,
        inclusive: bool,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        let mut start_expression = match start {
            Some(s) => self.emit_operand(output, s, ExpressionContext::value()),
            None => "0".to_string(),
        };

        let checkpoint = output.len();

        let end_expression = end
            .as_ref()
            .map(|e| self.emit_force_capture(output, e, "_bound"));

        // If the bound capture produced output and the start has side effects,
        // hoist start to preserve left-to-right evaluation order.
        if output.len() > checkpoint && start.as_ref().is_some_and(|s| is_order_sensitive(s)) {
            let var = self.fresh_var(Some("start"));
            self.declare(&var);
            let statement = format!("{} := {}\n", var, start_expression);
            output.insert_str(checkpoint, &statement);
            start_expression = var;
        }

        self.enter_scope();

        let loop_var = self.bind_loop_pattern(&binding.pattern, Some("_i"));

        match end_expression {
            Some(end_expression) => {
                let operator = if inclusive { "<=" } else { "<" };
                if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
                    write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
                }
                write_line!(
                    output,
                    "for {} := {}; {} {} {}; {}++ {{",
                    loop_var,
                    start_expression,
                    loop_var,
                    operator,
                    end_expression,
                    loop_var
                );
            }
            None => {
                if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
                    write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
                }
                write_line!(
                    output,
                    "for {} := {}; ; {}++ {{",
                    loop_var,
                    start_expression,
                    loop_var
                );
            }
        }

        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");

        self.exit_scope();
    }

    fn emit_stored_range_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        binding: &Binding,
        iterable: &Expression,
        ty_name: &str,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        self.enter_scope();

        let range_var = if self.is_unmutated_identifier(iterable) {
            self.emit_operand(output, iterable, ExpressionContext::value())
        } else {
            self.emit_force_capture(output, iterable, "_range")
        };
        let loop_var = self.bind_loop_pattern(&binding.pattern, Some("_i"));

        if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
            write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
        }

        match ty_name {
            "Range" => {
                write_line!(
                    output,
                    "for {} := {}.Start; {} < {}.End; {}++ {{",
                    loop_var,
                    range_var,
                    loop_var,
                    range_var,
                    loop_var
                );
            }
            "RangeInclusive" => {
                write_line!(
                    output,
                    "for {} := {}.Start; {} <= {}.End; {}++ {{",
                    loop_var,
                    range_var,
                    loop_var,
                    range_var,
                    loop_var
                );
            }
            "RangeFrom" => {
                write_line!(
                    output,
                    "for {} := {}.Start; ; {}++ {{",
                    loop_var,
                    range_var,
                    loop_var
                );
            }
            _ => unreachable!("unexpected range kind: {}", ty_name),
        }

        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");

        self.exit_scope();
    }

    /// `for r in s.runes()` lowers to Go's native rune-range over the string,
    /// bypassing the `[]rune(s)` allocation.
    fn emit_runes_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        binding: &Binding,
        receiver: &Expression,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        self.enter_scope();
        let recv_str = self.emit_operand(output, receiver, ExpressionContext::value());
        if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
            write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
        }
        let loop_var = self.bind_loop_pattern(&binding.pattern, None);
        if loop_var == "_" {
            write_line!(output, "for range {} {{", recv_str);
        } else {
            write_line!(output, "for _, {} := range {} {{", loop_var, recv_str);
        }
        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");
        self.exit_scope();
    }

    /// `for b in s.bytes()` lowers to a C-style byte-indexed loop, bypassing
    /// the `[]byte(s)` allocation. Snapshots the receiver unless it is an
    /// unmutated identifier, since `len(s)` and `s[i]` reference it twice.
    fn emit_bytes_for_loop(
        &mut self,
        output: &mut String,
        binding: &Binding,
        receiver: &Expression,
        body: &Expression,
    ) {
        self.enter_scope();
        let recv_var = if self.is_unmutated_identifier(receiver) {
            self.emit_operand(output, receiver, ExpressionContext::value())
        } else {
            self.emit_force_capture(output, receiver, "_s")
        };
        if let Some(label) = self.current_loop_label() {
            write_line!(output, "{}:", label);
        }
        let idx_var = self.fresh_var(Some("_i"));
        let loop_var = self.bind_loop_pattern(&binding.pattern, None);
        write_line!(
            output,
            "for {} := 0; {} < len({}); {}++ {{",
            idx_var,
            idx_var,
            recv_var,
            idx_var
        );
        if loop_var != "_" {
            write_line!(output, "{} := {}[{}]", loop_var, recv_var, idx_var);
        }
        self.emit_block(output, body);
        output.push_str("}\n");
        self.exit_scope();
    }

    fn is_unmutated_identifier(&self, expression: &Expression) -> bool {
        if let Expression::Identifier {
            binding_id: Some(id),
            ..
        } = expression
        {
            !self.facts.is_mutated(*id)
        } else {
            false
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
enum StringViewKind {
    Bytes,
    Runes,
}

/// Recognise `for x in s.bytes()` / `for x in s.runes()` for zero-alloc lowering.
fn recognize_string_view_loop<'a>(
    binding: &'a Binding,
    iterable: &'a Expression,
) -> Option<(StringViewKind, &'a Expression)> {
    if !matches!(
        &binding.pattern,
        Pattern::Identifier { .. } | Pattern::WildCard { .. }
    ) {
        return None;
    }

    let Expression::Call {
        expression, args, ..
    } = iterable
    else {
        return None;
    };

    if !args.is_empty() {
        return None;
    }

    let Expression::DotAccess {
        expression: receiver,
        member,
        ..
    } = expression.as_ref()
    else {
        return None;
    };

    if !receiver.get_type().has_name("string") {
        return None;
    }

    match member.as_str() {
        "bytes" => Some((StringViewKind::Bytes, receiver.as_ref())),
        "runes" => Some((StringViewKind::Runes, receiver.as_ref())),
        _ => None,
    }
}