libvips_rs/

image.rs

// (c) Copyright 2019-2025 MIT
use crate::bindings;
use crate::error::Error;
use crate::ops::*;
use crate::utils;
use crate::Result;

use num_traits::{FromPrimitive, ToPrimitive};
use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::convert::TryInto;
use std::ffi::*;
use std::ptr::null_mut;

const NULL: *const c_void = null_mut();

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsImage {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsImage,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsInterpolate {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsInterpolate,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsBlob {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsBlob,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsConnection {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsConnection,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsSource {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsSource,
}

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VipsTarget {
    pub(crate) ctx: *mut bindings::VipsTarget,
}

/// This is the main type of vips. It represents an image and most operations will take one as input and output a new one.
/// In the moment this type is not thread safe. Be careful working within thread environments.
impl VipsImage {
    pub fn new() -> VipsImage {
        VipsImage {
            ctx: unsafe { bindings::vips_image_new() },
        }
    }

    pub fn new_memory() -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_memory();
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not generate object"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_file(filename: &str) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_file(
                f.as_ptr(),
                NULL,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_file_rw(filename: &str) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_file_RW(f.as_ptr());
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_file_raw(
        filename: &str,
        x_size: i32,
        y_size: i32,
        bands: i32,
        offset: u64,
    ) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_file_raw(
                f.as_ptr(),
                x_size,
                y_size,
                bands,
                offset,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_file_access(filename: &str, access: Access, memory: bool) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let access_str = utils::new_c_string("access")?;
            let memory_str = utils::new_c_string("memory")?;
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_file(
                f.as_ptr(),
                access_str.as_ptr(),
                access as i32,
                memory_str.as_ptr(),
                if memory { 1 } else { 0 },
                NULL,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_buffer(buffer: &[u8], option_str: &str) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let options = utils::new_c_string(option_str)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_buffer(
                buffer.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
                buffer.len() as u64,
                options.as_ptr(),
                NULL,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_memory(
        buffer: &[u8],
        width: i32,
        height: i32,
        bands: i32,
        format: BandFormat,
    ) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            if let Some(format) = format.to_i32() {
                let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_memory(
                    buffer.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
                    buffer.len() as u64,
                    width,
                    height,
                    bands,
                    format,
                );
                vips_image_result(
                    res,
                    Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from memory"),
                )
            } else {
                Err(Error::InitializationError(
                    "Invalid BandFormat. Please file a bug report, as this should never happen.",
                ))
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn image_new_matrix(width: i32, height: i32) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_matrix(
                width,
                height,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_new_matrix_from_array(
        width: i32,
        height: i32,
        array: &[f64],
    ) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_matrix_from_array(
                width,
                height,
                array.as_ptr(),
                array.len() as i32,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_image(image: &VipsImage, array: &[f64]) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_image(
                image.ctx,
                array.as_ptr(),
                array.len() as i32,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from Object"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_image1(image: &VipsImage, c: f64) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_from_image1(
                image.ctx,
                c,
            );
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from Object"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_new_temp_file(format: &str) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let format_c_str = utils::new_c_string(format)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_new_temp_file(format_c_str.as_ptr());
            vips_image_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsImage from format"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_copy_memory(image: VipsImage) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_image_copy_memory(image.ctx);
            vips_image_result(
                result,
                Error::OperationError("Could not copy memory"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_wio_input(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_image_wio_input(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                result,
                (),
                Error::OperationError("Error on vips image_wio_input"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn get_filename(&self) -> std::result::Result<&str, std::str::Utf8Error> {
        unsafe {
            let filename = bindings::vips_image_get_filename(self.ctx);
            let res = CStr::from_ptr(filename);
            res.to_str()
        }
    }

    pub fn get_width(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_width(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_height(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_height(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_xoffset(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_xoffset(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_yoffset(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_yoffset(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_scale(&self) -> f64 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_scale(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_offset(&self) -> f64 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_offset(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_xres(&self) -> f64 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_xres(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_yres(&self) -> f64 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_yres(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_bands(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_bands(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_page_height(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_page_height(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_n_pages(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_n_pages(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_coding(&self) -> Result<Coding> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_get_format(self.ctx);
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(res);
            format_enum.ok_or_else(|| Error::IOError("Could get format from image"))
        }
    }

    pub fn get_format(&self) -> Result<BandFormat> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_get_format(self.ctx);
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(res);
            format_enum.ok_or_else(|| Error::IOError("Could get format from image"))
        }
    }

    pub fn guess_format(&self) -> Result<BandFormat> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_guess_format(self.ctx);
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(res);
            format_enum.ok_or_else(|| Error::IOError("Could get format from image"))
        }
    }

    pub fn get_orientation(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_get_orientation(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_interpretation(&self) -> Result<Interpretation> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_get_interpretation(self.ctx);
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(res);
            format_enum.ok_or_else(|| Error::IOError("Could get format from image"))
        }
    }

    pub fn guess_interpretation(&self) -> Result<Interpretation> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_guess_interpretation(self.ctx);
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(res);
            format_enum.ok_or_else(|| Error::IOError("Could get format from image"))
        }
    }

    pub fn image_set_delete_on_close(&mut self, flag: bool) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_image_set_delete_on_close(
                self.ctx,
                if flag { 1 } else { 0 },
            );
        }
    }

    pub fn image_invalidate_all(&self) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_image_invalidate_all(self.ctx);
        }
    }

    pub fn image_minimise_all(&self) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_image_minimise_all(self.ctx);
        }
    }

    pub fn image_iskilled(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_iskilled(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn image_isMSBfirst(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_isMSBfirst(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn image_isfile(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_isfile(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn image_ispartial(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_ispartial(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn image_hasalpha(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_image_hasalpha(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn image_set_kill(&self, flag: bool) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_image_set_kill(
                self.ctx,
                if flag { 1 } else { 0 },
            );
        }
    }

    pub fn image_set_progress(&self, flag: bool) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_image_set_progress(
                self.ctx,
                if flag { 1 } else { 0 },
            );
        }
    }

    pub fn image_write(&self) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let out: *mut bindings::VipsImage = null_mut();
            let res = bindings::vips_image_write(
                self.ctx,
                out,
            );
            utils::result(
                res,
                VipsImage {
                    ctx: out,
                },
                Error::IOError("Cannot write input to output"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_pio_input(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_pio_input(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                res,
                (),
                Error::IOError("Cannot read image"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_pio_output(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_pio_output(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                res,
                (),
                Error::IOError("Cannot write image"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_inplace(&self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_inplace(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                res,
                (),
                Error::IOError("Cannot cannot be modified inplace"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_write_to_file(&self, filename: &str) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let file_c_str = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_write_to_file(
                self.ctx,
                file_c_str.as_ptr(),
                NULL,
            );
            utils::result(
                res,
                (),
                Error::IOError("Cannot write to file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_write_prepare(&self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_image_write_prepare(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                res,
                (),
                Error::IOError("Cannot prepare file to write"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_write_to_buffer(&self, suffix: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
        unsafe {
            let mut buffer_buf_size: u64 = 0;
            let mut buffer_out: *mut c_void = null_mut();
            let suffix_c_str = utils::new_c_string(suffix)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_write_to_buffer(
                self.ctx,
                suffix_c_str.as_ptr(),
                &mut buffer_out,
                &mut buffer_buf_size,
                NULL,
            );
            utils::result(
                res,
                utils::new_byte_array(
                    buffer_out,
                    buffer_buf_size,
                ),
                Error::IOError("Cannot write content to buffer"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_write_to_memory(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
        unsafe {
            let mut buffer_buf_size: u64 = 0;
            let buffer_out = bindings::vips_image_write_to_memory(
                self.ctx,
                &mut buffer_buf_size,
            );
            let buf = std::slice::from_raw_parts(
                buffer_out as *mut u8,
                buffer_buf_size as usize,
            )
            .to_vec();
            bindings::g_free(buffer_out);
            buf
        }
    }

    pub fn image_decode_predict(
        &self,
    ) -> Result<(
        i32,
        BandFormat,
    )> {
        unsafe {
            let mut out_bands = 0;
            let mut out_format = 0;
            let res = bindings::vips_image_decode_predict(
                self.ctx,
                &mut out_bands,
                &mut out_format,
            );
            let format_enum = FromPrimitive::from_i32(out_format);
            if format_enum.is_some() {
                utils::result(
                    res,
                    (
                        out_bands,
                        format_enum.unwrap(),
                    ),
                    Error::IOError("Could not predict image format"),
                )
            } else {
                Err(Error::IOError("Could not predict image format"))
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn image_decode(&self) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let mut out: *mut bindings::VipsImage = null_mut();
            let res = bindings::vips_image_decode(
                self.ctx,
                &mut out,
            );
            utils::result(
                res,
                VipsImage {
                    ctx: out,
                },
                Error::IOError("Cannot decode image"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn image_encode(&self, coding: Coding) -> Result<VipsImage> {
        unsafe {
            let mut out: *mut bindings::VipsImage = null_mut();
            let res = bindings::vips_image_encode(
                self.ctx,
                &mut out,
                coding as i32,
            );
            utils::result(
                res,
                VipsImage {
                    ctx: out,
                },
                Error::IOError("Cannot encode image"),
            )
        }
    }
}

impl VipsConnection {
    pub fn connection_filename(&self) -> Option<String> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_connection_filename(self.ctx);
            if result.is_null() {
                None
            } else {
                let cstr = CStr::from_ptr(result);
                match cstr.to_string_lossy() {
                    Cow::Borrowed(slice) => Some(slice.to_string()),
                    Cow::Owned(string) => Some(string),
                }
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn connection_nick(&self) -> Option<String> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_connection_nick(self.ctx);
            if result.is_null() {
                None
            } else {
                let cstr = CStr::from_ptr(result);
                match cstr.to_string_lossy() {
                    Cow::Borrowed(slice) => Some(slice.to_string()),
                    Cow::Owned(string) => Some(string),
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

impl VipsSource {
    pub fn new_from_descriptor(descriptor: i32) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_source_new_from_descriptor(descriptor);
            vips_source_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsSource from descriptor"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_file(filename: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_source_new_from_file(f.as_ptr());
            vips_source_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsSource from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    // not sure if it this is safe
    // should test before making it public
    fn new_from_blob(blob: VipsBlob) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_source_new_from_blob(blob.ctx);
            vips_source_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsSource from blob"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_memory(buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_source_new_from_memory(
                buffer.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
                buffer.len() as u64,
            );
            vips_source_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsSource from memory"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_options(option_str: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let options = utils::new_c_string(option_str)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_source_new_from_options(options.as_ptr());
            vips_source_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsSource from options"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn minimise(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_source_minimise(self.ctx);
        }
    }

    pub fn unminimise(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_source_unminimise(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                result,
                (),
                Error::OperationError("Error on vips unminimise"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn decode(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_source_decode(self.ctx);
            utils::result(
                result,
                (),
                Error::OperationError("Error on vips decode"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn read(&mut self, length: u64) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
        unsafe {
            let bytes: *mut c_void = null_mut();
            let result = bindings::vips_source_read(
                self.ctx,
                bytes,
                length,
            );
            if result != -1 {
                let buffer = Vec::from_raw_parts(
                    bytes as *mut u8,
                    result as usize,
                    result as usize,
                );
                Ok(buffer)
            } else {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips read"))
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn is_mappable(&self) -> bool {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_source_is_mappable(self.ctx) == 1 }
    }

    pub fn seek(&mut self, offset: i64, whence: i32) -> Result<i64> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_source_seek(
                self.ctx,
                offset,
                whence,
            );
            if result == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips seek"))
            } else {
                Ok(result)
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_source_rewind(self.ctx);
            if result == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips rewind"))
            } else {
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn length(&self) -> Result<i64> {
        unsafe {
            let result = bindings::vips_source_length(self.ctx);
            if result == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips length"))
            } else {
                Ok(result)
            }
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> VipsSource {
    pub fn map(&'a self) -> Result<&'a [u8]> {
        unsafe {
            let length: *mut u64 = null_mut();
            let result = bindings::vips_source_map(
                self.ctx,
                length,
            );
            if length.is_null() {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips map"))
            } else {
                let size = (*length)
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|_| Error::OperationError("Can't get size of array"))?;
                Ok(
                    std::slice::from_raw_parts(
                        result as *mut u8,
                        size,
                    ),
                )
            }
        }
    }

    // pub fn map_blob(&'a self) -> Result<&'a VipsBlob> {
    //     unsafe {
    //         let result = bindings::vips_source_map_blob(self.ctx);
    //         if result.is_null() {
    //             Err(Error::OperationError("Error on vips map blob"))
    //         } else {
    //             Ok(&VipsBlob { ctx: result })
    //         }
    //     }
    // }
}

impl VipsTarget {
    pub fn new_to_descriptor(descriptor: i32) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_target_new_to_descriptor(descriptor);
            vips_target_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsTarget from descriptor"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_to_file(filename: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let f = utils::new_c_string(filename)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_target_new_to_file(f.as_ptr());
            vips_target_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsTarget from file"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn new_to_memory() -> Result<Self> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_target_new_to_memory();
            vips_target_result(
                res,
                Error::InitializationError("Could not initialise VipsTarget from memory"),
            )
        }
    }

    pub fn write(&mut self, buffer: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_target_write(
                self.ctx,
                buffer.as_ptr() as *const c_void,
                buffer.len() as u64,
            );
            if res == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Could not write to buffer"))
            } else {
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn finish(self) {
        unsafe {
            bindings::vips_target_finish(self.ctx);
        }
    }

    pub fn putc(&mut self, ch: char) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let res = bindings::vips_target_putc(
                self.ctx,
                ch as i32,
            );
            if res == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Could not write to buffer"))
            } else {
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn writes(&mut self, text: &str) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let cstr = CString::new(text)
                .map_err(|_| Error::OperationError("Cannot initialize C string"))?;
            let res = bindings::vips_target_writes(
                self.ctx,
                cstr.as_ptr(),
            );
            if res == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Could not write to buffer"))
            } else {
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn write_amp(&mut self, text: &str) -> Result<()> {
        unsafe {
            let cstr = CString::new(text)
                .map_err(|_| Error::OperationError("Cannot initialize C string"))?;
            let res = bindings::vips_target_write_amp(
                self.ctx,
                cstr.as_ptr(),
            );
            if res == -1 {
                Err(Error::OperationError("Could not write to buffer"))
            } else {
                Ok(())
            }
        }
    }
}

unsafe fn vips_image_result(res: *mut bindings::VipsImage, err: Error) -> Result<VipsImage> {
    if res.is_null() {
        Err(err)
    } else {
        Ok(
            VipsImage {
                ctx: res,
            },
        )
    }
}

unsafe fn vips_source_result(res: *mut bindings::VipsSource, err: Error) -> Result<VipsSource> {
    if res.is_null() {
        Err(err)
    } else {
        Ok(
            VipsSource {
                ctx: res,
            },
        )
    }
}

unsafe fn vips_target_result(res: *mut bindings::VipsTarget, err: Error) -> Result<VipsTarget> {
    if res.is_null() {
        Err(err)
    } else {
        Ok(
            VipsTarget {
                ctx: res,
            },
        )
    }
}

impl VipsInterpolate {
    /// defaults to vips_interpolate_nearest_static
    pub fn new() -> VipsInterpolate {
        unsafe {
            VipsInterpolate {
                ctx: bindings::vips_interpolate_nearest_static(),
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_neasest_static() -> VipsInterpolate {
        unsafe {
            VipsInterpolate {
                ctx: bindings::vips_interpolate_nearest_static(),
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_bilinear_static() -> VipsInterpolate {
        unsafe {
            VipsInterpolate {
                ctx: bindings::vips_interpolate_bilinear_static(),
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn new_from_name(name: &str) -> Result<VipsInterpolate> {
        unsafe {
            let nickname = utils::new_c_string(name)?;
            let res = bindings::vips_interpolate_new(nickname.as_ptr());
            if res.is_null() {
                Err(
                    Error::InitializationError(
                        "Cannot initialize interpolator with provided nickname",
                    ),
                )
            } else {
                Ok(
                    VipsInterpolate {
                        ctx: res,
                    },
                )
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn get_window_size(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_interpolate_get_window_size(self.ctx) }
    }

    pub fn get_windows_offset(&self) -> i32 {
        unsafe { bindings::vips_interpolate_get_window_offset(self.ctx) }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsImage {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsInterpolate {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsBlob {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsConnection {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsSource {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for VipsTarget {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        unsafe {
            if !self
                .ctx
                .is_null()
            {
                bindings::g_object_unref(self.ctx as *mut c_void);
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Into<Vec<u8>> for VipsBlob {
    fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
        unsafe {
            let mut size: u64 = 0;
            let bytes = bindings::vips_blob_get(
                self.ctx,
                &mut size,
            );
            Vec::from_raw_parts(
                bytes as *mut u8,
                size as usize,
                size as usize,
            )
        }
    }
}