[](https://crates.io/crates/libfreemkv)
[](https://docs.rs/libfreemkv)
[](LICENSE)
# libfreemkv
Rust library for 4K UHD / Blu-ray / DVD optical drives. Drive access, disc scanning, stream labels, AACS decryption, CSS decryption, KEYDB updates, and content reading in one crate. Firmware-clean core: drive-unlock support is plugged in via the `Unlocker` trait, with concrete unlockers shipped as separate crates.
DVDs (CSS) decrypt out of the box. Blu-ray and UHD (AACS) require a `keydb.cfg` (default `~/.config/freemkv/keydb.cfg`) supplying disc-specific volume unique keys; no AACS key material is compiled in.
**12+ MB/s** sustained read speeds on BD. Drive prep routes through the pluggable unlock seam — register an unlocker and `init()` drives it; with none registered the library rips via the host-certificate AACS handshake.
Multi-lingual by design — the library outputs structured data and numeric error codes, never English text. Build any UI or localization on top.
**[API Documentation](https://docs.rs/libfreemkv)** · **[Technical Docs](docs/)**
Part of the [freemkv](https://github.com/freemkv) project.
## Install
```toml
[dependencies]
libfreemkv = "1.0.0-rc.1"
```
## Quick Start
```rust
use libfreemkv::{Drive, Disc, ScanOptions};
use std::path::Path;
// Open drive — identified via INQUIRY
let mut drive = Drive::open(Path::new("/dev/sg4"))?;
drive.wait_ready()?; // wait for disc
drive.init()?; // route through the unlock seam (if an unlocker is registered)
drive.probe_disc()?; // probe disc surface for optimal speeds
// Scan disc — UDF, playlists, streams, AACS (all automatic)
let disc = Disc::scan(&mut drive, &ScanOptions::default())?;
for title in &disc.titles {
println!("{} — {} streams", title.duration_display(), title.streams.len());
}
// Stream pipeline — read PES frames from any source, write to any output
let opts = libfreemkv::InputOptions::default();
let mut input = libfreemkv::input("iso://Disc.iso", &opts)?;
let title = input.info().clone();
let mut output = libfreemkv::output("mkv://Movie.mkv", &title)?;
while let Ok(Some(frame)) = input.read() {
output.write(&frame)?;
}
output.finish()?;
```
### Multi-pass recovery rip
For damaged discs the library exposes two flat verbs — `Disc::sweep` for the
forward Pass 1 and `Disc::patch` for retrying bad ranges. The library never
loops; the multipass policy is the caller's job. See
[`docs/rip-recovery.md`](docs/rip-recovery.md).
```rust
use libfreemkv::{SweepOptions, PatchOptions};
use libfreemkv::disc::{mapfile, mapfile_path_for};
use std::path::Path;
let iso = Path::new("disc.iso");
// Pass 1: disc → ISO. Skip-on-error, zero-fill, write the sidecar mapfile.
disc.sweep(&mut drive, iso, &SweepOptions {
decrypt: true,
resume: false,
batch_sectors: None,
skip_on_error: true,
progress: None,
halt: None,
})?;
// Pass 2..N: retry every non-finished range. Idempotent.
loop {
let map = mapfile::Mapfile::load(&mapfile_path_for(iso))?;
let stats = map.stats();
if stats.bytes_pending + stats.bytes_unreadable == 0 { break; }
let outcome = disc.patch(&mut drive, iso, &PatchOptions {
decrypt: true,
block_sectors: None,
full_recovery: true,
reverse: true,
wedged_threshold: 50,
progress: None,
halt: None,
})?;
if outcome.bytes_recovered_this_pass == 0 { break; }
}
// Mux from the ISO via the normal stream pipeline (no drive involvement).
```
## What It Does
- **Drive access** — open, identify, pluggable unlock seam, speed control, eject
- **12+ MB/s reads** — auto-detects kernel transfer limits, sustained full speed
- **Disc scanning** — UDF 2.50 filesystem, MPLS playlists, CLPI clip info
- **Stream labels** — 5 BD-J format parsers (Paramount, Criterion, Pixelogic, CTRM, Deluxe)
- **AACS decryption** — transparent key resolution and content decrypt (1.0 + 2.0 bus decryption)
- **KEYDB updates** — download, verify, save from any HTTP URL (zero deps, raw TCP)
- **Content reading** — adaptive batch reads with automatic decryption
- **Stream I/O** — unified stream pipeline for reading and writing any format
### Streams
| DiscStream | Yes | -- | Optical drive via SCSI |
| IsoStream | Yes | -- | Blu-ray ISO image file (read via stream pipeline; written via `Disc::sweep()`) |
| MkvStream | Yes | Yes | Matroska container |
| M2tsStream | Yes | Yes | BD transport stream with FMKV metadata header |
| NetworkStream | Yes (listen) | Yes (connect) | TCP with FMKV metadata header |
| StdioStream | Yes (stdin) | Yes (stdout) | Raw byte pipe |
| NullStream | -- | Yes | Discard sink (byte counter for benchmarks) |
Streams implement a single unified `pes::Stream` trait (re-exported as `PesStream`) exposing `read()` and `write()` on one type. `input()` / `output()` resolve URL strings to PES stream instances. All URLs use the `scheme://path` format — bare paths are rejected.
### Keys
DVDs (CSS) decrypt out of the box, with no external key file needed.
Blu-rays and UHD (AACS) require a `keydb.cfg` at `~/.config/freemkv/keydb.cfg` (or passed via `ScanOptions`). No AACS key material is compiled into the binary.
## Architecture
```text
Drive — open, identify, init, single-shot read
├── ScsiTransport — SG_IO (Linux), IOKit (macOS), SPTI (Windows)
└── Unlocker seam — pluggable trait + registry; concrete unlockers
live in the separate freemkv-unlock repo
Disc — scan titles, streams, AACS/CSS state
├── UDF reader — Blu-ray UDF 2.50 with metadata partitions
├── MPLS parser — playlists → titles + clips + streams
├── CLPI parser — clip info → EP map → sector extents
├── IFO parser — DVD title sets, PGC chains, cell addresses
├── Labels — 5 BD-J format parsers (detect + parse)
├── AACS — key resolution + content decryption
├── CSS — DVD CSS (bus auth → player-key disc crack → known-plaintext title-key attack)
└── KEYDB — download + verify + save
Streams — unified PES pipeline
├── PesStream — pes::Stream: one trait, read()/write() PES frames
├── DiscStream — sectors → decrypt → TS demux → PES
├── IsoStream — ISO file → decrypt → TS demux → PES
├── MkvStream — MKV mux/demux
├── M2tsStream — BD transport stream
├── NetworkStream — TCP with FMKV metadata header
├── StdioStream — stdin/stdout pipe
└── NullStream — discard sink
```
See [docs/](docs/) for detailed technical documentation on each module.
## Error Codes
All errors are structured with numeric codes. No user-facing English text — applications format their own messages.
| E1xxx | Device errors (not found, permission) |
| E2xxx | Profile errors (unsupported drive) |
| E3xxx | Unlock errors (failed, signature) |
| E4xxx | SCSI errors (command failed, timeout) |
| E5xxx | I/O errors |
| E6xxx | Disc format errors |
| E7xxx | AACS errors |
| E8xxx | KEYDB update errors |
| E9xxx | Stream / mux errors (URL, PES, ISO, pipeline, demux) |
## Platform Support
| Linux | Supported | SG_IO ioctl |
| macOS | Supported | IOKit SCSITask |
| Windows | Supported | SPTI |
## Contributing
Run `freemkv info disc:// --share` with the [freemkv CLI](https://github.com/freemkv/freemkv) to capture your drive's identity for contribution. Drive-unlock profiles are maintained in the [freemkv-unlock](https://github.com/freemkv/freemkv-unlock) repository.
## License
AGPL-3.0-only