lean-ctx 3.9.13

//! `lean-ctx gateway serve` (enterprise#10) — the self-hosted org gateway.
//!
//! One process, three parts:
//!
//! 1. **Proxy** — the existing `proxy::start_proxy_with_token` with its
//!    gateway hardening (`proxy_bind_host`, host allowlist, strict Bearer,
//!    rate limit; enterprise#8/#37). Nothing proxy-related changes here.
//! 2. **Usage store** — Postgres `usage_events` writer via `store::spawn_writer`
//!    (enterprise#17/#18), wired to the proxy's `usage_sink`.
//! 3. **Admin listener** — a *separate* port serving `GET /api/admin/usage`
//!    (enterprise#20) and `GET /metrics` (Prometheus, enterprise#34) behind its
//!    own Bearer token, plus an unauthenticated `/healthz`. Separate on purpose:
//!    deployments keep it cluster-internal (no ingress) while the proxy port is
//!    the only exposed surface.
//!
//! **Fail-open is the core rule (enterprise#12):** LLM traffic never depends on
//! the periphery. Postgres down at startup → warn and serve anyway (the writer
//! retries per event and drops, counted). Admin token missing → admin listener
//! stays off, proxy serves. Store insert failures → logged, never propagated.
//! The only hard startup failures are a malformed `gateway-keys.toml` (auth
//! correctness) and an unbindable proxy port.

use std::sync::Arc;

use axum::response::IntoResponse;

use crate::core::ocla::OclaRegistry;

/// Environment variable holding the admin Bearer token. Env-only by design —
/// tokens never live in config.toml (same rule as `LEAN_CTX_PROXY_TOKEN`).
pub const ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV: &str = "LEAN_CTX_GATEWAY_ADMIN_TOKEN";

/// Environment variable with the Postgres connection string for `usage_events`.
pub const DATABASE_URL_ENV: &str = "DATABASE_URL";

pub(crate) fn gateway_ocla_context() -> crate::core::ocla::types::OclaRequestContext {
    crate::core::ocla::types::OclaRequestContext::new(
        format!("gw-{}", uuid_short()),
        "gateway".to_string(),
        "gateway-server".to_string(),
        String::new(),
        None,
        None,
    )
}

fn uuid_short() -> String {
    let mut bytes = [0u8; 8];
    getrandom::fill(&mut bytes).unwrap_or_default();
    hex::encode(bytes)
}

/// Options parsed by the CLI (`lean-ctx gateway serve`).
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ServeOptions {
    /// Proxy port (the exposed surface). Defaults to the standard proxy port.
    pub port: u16,
    /// Admin/metrics port. Defaults to `port + 1`.
    pub admin_port: Option<u16>,
}

/// Runs the gateway until shutdown. See module docs for the composition.
///
/// # Errors
/// Fails on invalid gateway keys or an unbindable proxy/admin port — never on
/// unavailable periphery (Postgres, missing admin token).
pub async fn serve(opts: ServeOptions) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let cfg = crate::core::config::Config::load();
    let admin_port = opts
        .admin_port
        .unwrap_or_else(|| opts.port.saturating_add(1));

    // Live model prices (#1179): every usage_events row is priced through
    // ModelPricing — keep the provider price list current so unknown models
    // never fall back to stale family heuristics. Fail-open.
    crate::core::gain::live_pricing::spawn_background_refresh();

    // -- Usage store (fail-open, enterprise#12/#17) -------------------------
    let pool = match std::env::var(DATABASE_URL_ENV) {
        Ok(url) if !url.trim().is_empty() => match super::store::pool_from_database_url(&url) {
            Ok(pool) => {
                match super::store::init_schema(&pool).await {
                    Ok(()) => println!("  Store:     usage_events ready (Postgres)"),
                    Err(e) => {
                        // Pool stays: the writer retries per event once PG is back.
                        println!(
                            "  Store:     ⚠ Postgres unreachable at startup (fail-open): {e:#}"
                        );
                    }
                }
                if super::store::spawn_writer(pool.clone()) {
                    Some(pool)
                } else {
                    tracing::warn!("usage sink already installed — store writer not started twice");
                    Some(pool)
                }
            }
            Err(e) => {
                println!(
                    "  Store:     ⚠ invalid {DATABASE_URL_ENV} (fail-open, metering off): {e:#}"
                );
                None
            }
        },
        _ => {
            println!(
                "  Store:     off — set {DATABASE_URL_ENV} to enable org-wide usage_events metering"
            );
            None
        }
    };

    // OCLA projection: observe gateway startup
    if let Err(e) =
        OclaRegistry::global()
            .observation_hook
            .observe(crate::core::ocla::types::Observation {
                context: gateway_ocla_context(),
                name: "gateway.started".to_string(),
                attributes: std::collections::BTreeMap::from([(
                    "port".to_string(),
                    opts.port.to_string(),
                )]),
            })
    {
        tracing::debug!("OCLA observation: {e}");
    }

    // Personal usage view (enterprise#64): give `/me` on the proxy port its
    // read path into the store. Without a store the endpoint answers 503 with
    // an actionable error — never a broken page.
    if let Some(pool) = pool.clone() {
        super::user_api::install_pool(pool);
        println!(
            "  Me-View:   http://<gateway-host>:{}/me — personal usage, sign in with your own gateway key",
            opts.port
        );
    }

    // MCP observe channel (GL#91): with both a store and a registered MCP
    // server, meter the tool channel into `mcp_events` + `mcp_tool_inventory`.
    // Same fail-open contract as the LLM store — schema init failure degrades
    // bookkeeping (the writer retries per event), never tool traffic.
    let mcp_registered = !cfg
        .gateway_server
        .resolve_mcp_servers(cfg.proxy.allows_insecure_http_upstream())
        .is_empty();
    if mcp_registered && let Some(pool) = pool.clone() {
        match super::mcp::store::init_schema(&pool).await {
            Ok(()) => println!("  MCP-Store: mcp_events + tool inventory ready (Postgres)"),
            Err(e) => {
                println!("  MCP-Store: ⚠ Postgres unreachable at startup (fail-open): {e:#}");
            }
        }
        if !super::mcp::metering::spawn_writer(pool) {
            tracing::warn!("mcp metering sink already installed — writer not started twice");
        }
    } else if mcp_registered {
        println!("  MCP-Store: off — set {DATABASE_URL_ENV} to meter MCP tool calls (mcp_events)");
    }

    // -- Admin listener (dashboard + admin API + /metrics, #20/#34/#45) -----
    match (pool.clone(), admin_token()) {
        (Some(pool), Some(token)) => {
            let state = super::admin_api::AdminState {
                pool,
                seats: cfg.gateway_server.seats,
                org_label: cfg.gateway_server.org_label.clone(),
                started_at: std::time::Instant::now(),
                providers: super::admin_status::provider_statuses(&cfg.proxy.resolve_providers()),
                routing_enabled: cfg.proxy.routing.is_active(),
                routing_aliases: cfg.proxy.routing.aliases.clone(),
                reference_model: cfg.proxy.baseline.reference_model.clone(),
                local_shadow_rate: cfg.proxy.baseline.effective_local_shadow_rate(),
                mcp_servers: cfg
                    .gateway_server
                    .resolve_mcp_servers(cfg.proxy.allows_insecure_http_upstream()),
            };
            let router = admin_router(state, token);
            // Secure by default (#54/#56): loopback unless explicitly widened
            // via [gateway_server].admin_bind_host / the env override.
            let bind_host = cfg.gateway_server.resolved_admin_bind_host();
            let addr = std::net::SocketAddr::new(bind_host, admin_port);
            let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await?;
            let exposure = if bind_host.is_loopback() {
                "host-local"
            } else {
                "network-exposed — front with TLS"
            };
            println!(
                "  Admin:     http://{addr}/ ({exposure}) — dashboard + /api/admin/* + /metrics (Bearer via {ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV})"
            );
            tokio::spawn(async move {
                if let Err(e) = axum::serve(
                    listener,
                    router.into_make_service_with_connect_info::<std::net::SocketAddr>(),
                )
                .await
                {
                    tracing::warn!("admin listener terminated (proxy unaffected): {e:#}");
                }
            });
        }
        (Some(_), None) => {
            println!(
                "  Admin:     off — set {ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV} to serve the dashboard + /api/admin/*"
            );
        }
        (None, _) => {
            println!("  Admin:     off — requires the usage store ({DATABASE_URL_ENV})");
        }
    }

    // -- Budget seeding (enterprise#25) --------------------------------------
    // With a store present, periodically replace the in-memory budget windows
    // with authoritative sums from usage_events so caps survive restarts and
    // hold across replicas. Fail-open: a failed query keeps the last seed +
    // live in-process counting.
    if let Some(pool) = pool.clone() {
        tokio::spawn(async move {
            loop {
                match super::store::budget_window_sums(&pool).await {
                    Ok((person_day, project_month)) => {
                        crate::proxy::policy_gate::seed_from_store(person_day, project_month);
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
                        tracing::debug!("budget seed skipped (store unreachable): {e:#}");
                    }
                }
                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30)).await;
            }
        });
    }

    // -- Usage retention (enterprise#36) --------------------------------------
    // [gateway_server].usage_retention_days > 0 purges older rows periodically.
    // Unset/0 keeps everything — retention is an explicit deployment decision.
    let retention_days = crate::core::config::Config::load()
        .gateway_server
        .usage_retention_days
        .unwrap_or(0);
    if retention_days > 0
        && let Some(pool) = pool.clone()
    {
        println!(
            "  Retention: usage_events + mcp_events kept {retention_days} days (purge every 6h)"
        );
        tokio::spawn(async move {
            loop {
                match super::store::purge_events_older_than(&pool, retention_days).await {
                    Ok(0) => {}
                    Ok(purged) => {
                        tracing::info!(
                            "usage retention: purged {purged} events older than {retention_days} days"
                        );
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
                        tracing::debug!("usage retention purge skipped: {e:#}");
                    }
                }
                // MCP events share the retention window (GL#102). A missing
                // mcp_events table (no MCP traffic ever) is a silent no-op.
                match super::mcp::store::purge_events_older_than(&pool, retention_days).await {
                    Ok(0) | Err(_) => {}
                    Ok(purged) => {
                        tracing::info!(
                            "mcp retention: purged {purged} events older than {retention_days} days"
                        );
                    }
                }
                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_hours(6)).await;
            }
        });
    }

    // -- Proxy (blocking; the actual gateway surface) ------------------------
    println!("lean-ctx gateway: starting proxy on port {} …", opts.port);
    let result = crate::proxy::start_proxy(opts.port).await;

    // Graceful drain (enterprise#51): the proxy returned after SIGTERM/Ctrl-C
    // finished in-flight requests; give the store writer a bounded window to
    // flush queued usage events so a rollout doesn't shed metering.
    if pool.is_some() {
        drain_usage_queue(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5)).await;
    }
    result
}

/// Waits until the usage + MCP sink queues are empty or the deadline passes.
async fn drain_usage_queue(max_wait: std::time::Duration) {
    let started = std::time::Instant::now();
    let pending =
        || crate::proxy::usage_sink::pending_count() + super::mcp::metering::pending_count();
    let mut left = pending();
    while left > 0 && started.elapsed() < max_wait {
        tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
        left = pending();
    }
    if left > 0 {
        tracing::warn!("shutdown drain window elapsed with {left} event(s) unflushed");
    } else {
        println!("  Store:     usage queue drained.");
    }
}

fn admin_token() -> Option<String> {
    std::env::var(ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV)
        .ok()
        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
        .filter(|t| !t.is_empty())
}

/// Admin router: `/healthz` and the dashboard's static shell open (the login
/// screen must render without a token), all data APIs + /metrics Bearer-guarded.
/// Every response passes the security-header layer (#54/#55); failed auth is
/// throttled per IP and audit-logged (#54/#57).
fn admin_router(state: super::admin_api::AdminState, token: String) -> axum::Router {
    let token = Arc::new(token);
    let throttle = Arc::new(super::security::AuthThrottle::default());
    super::admin_api::router(state)
        .route("/metrics", axum::routing::get(metrics_handler))
        .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(move |req, next| {
            let token = token.clone();
            let throttle = throttle.clone();
            admin_auth_guard(req, next, token, throttle)
        }))
        .route("/healthz", axum::routing::get(|| async { "ok" }))
        .merge(super::admin_ui::router())
        .layer(axum::middleware::from_fn(super::security::security_headers))
}

async fn admin_auth_guard(
    req: axum::extract::Request,
    next: axum::middleware::Next,
    expected: Arc<String>,
    throttle: Arc<super::security::AuthThrottle>,
) -> Result<axum::response::Response, axum::response::Response> {
    let client_ip = req
        .extensions()
        .get::<axum::extract::ConnectInfo<std::net::SocketAddr>>()
        .map_or(std::net::IpAddr::V4(std::net::Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED), |c| {
            c.0.ip()
        });

    if throttle.is_blocked(client_ip) {
        tracing::warn!("admin auth throttled: {client_ip} exceeded the failed-attempt budget");
        return Err((
            axum::http::StatusCode::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS,
            [(axum::http::header::RETRY_AFTER, "60")],
            axum::Json(serde_json::json!({"error": "too many failed attempts — retry later"})),
        )
            .into_response());
    }

    let ok = req
        .headers()
        .get("authorization")
        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
        .and_then(|auth| auth.strip_prefix("Bearer "))
        .is_some_and(|token| constant_time_eq(token.as_bytes(), expected.as_bytes()));
    if ok {
        throttle.record_success(client_ip);
        Ok(next.run(req).await)
    } else {
        // Audit trail (#57): one structured line per failure — SIEM-collectable
        // via the standard log pipeline. Never logs the presented credential.
        let failures = throttle.record_failure(client_ip);
        let path = req.uri().path();
        tracing::warn!("admin auth failed: ip={client_ip} path={path} window_failures={failures}");
        Err((
            axum::http::StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED,
            axum::Json(
                serde_json::json!({"error": format!("Bearer token required ({ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV})")}),
            ),
        )
            .into_response())
    }
}

/// Constant-time byte comparison, side-channel-hardened against the
/// admin-token *length* leaking through response timing (#962).
///
/// A plain `if a.len() != b.len() { return false }` early return is itself
/// constant-time *per call*, but a fast rejection only ever happens when the
/// guessed length is wrong — an attacker measuring many requests can binary
/// search the presented token's length down to the expected token's exact
/// length before ever needing to guess a single byte. Hashing both sides to
/// a fixed-size (32-byte) digest first removes the correlation entirely:
/// every comparison — regardless of either input's length — walks the same
/// 32 bytes, so there is nothing left for a length probe to distinguish.
fn constant_time_eq(a: &[u8], b: &[u8]) -> bool {
    let ha = blake3::hash(a);
    let hb = blake3::hash(b);
    ha.as_bytes()
        .iter()
        .zip(hb.as_bytes())
        .fold(0u8, |acc, (x, y)| acc | (x ^ y))
        == 0
}

/// `GET /metrics` — Prometheus text exposition (enterprise#34).
///
/// Sourced from the live in-process meters (the proxy runs in this process):
/// per-model measured usage/cost from `usage_meter`, sink drop counter from
/// `usage_sink`, verified savings from the signed ledger. No timestamps — the
/// scraper stamps samples (output-determinism rule #498 applies to bodies of
/// tool outputs, not here, but stable ordering keeps diffs and dashboards sane).
async fn metrics_handler() -> axum::response::Response {
    let mut out = String::with_capacity(2048);
    render_metrics(&mut out);

    // OCLA projection: export admin-requested metrics
    let metrics = vec![crate::core::ocla::types::MetricPoint {
        context: gateway_ocla_context(),
        name: "gateway.admin.metrics_query".to_string(),
        value_milli: 1_000,
        dimensions: std::collections::BTreeMap::new(),
    }];
    if let Err(e) = OclaRegistry::global()
        .metrics_exporter
        .export_metrics(metrics)
    {
        tracing::debug!("OCLA metrics export: {e}");
    }

    (
        [(
            axum::http::header::CONTENT_TYPE,
            "text/plain; version=0.0.4",
        )],
        out,
    )
        .into_response()
}

fn render_metrics(out: &mut String) {
    use std::fmt::Write as _;

    let mut spend = crate::proxy::usage_meter::snapshot();
    spend.sort_by(|a, b| a.model.cmp(&b.model));
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_model_requests_total Measured requests per served model.\n# TYPE leanctx_model_requests_total counter"
    );
    for m in &spend {
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_model_requests_total{{model=\"{}\"}} {}",
            escape_label(&m.model),
            m.requests
        );
    }
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_model_tokens_total Billed tokens per served model and direction.\n# TYPE leanctx_model_tokens_total counter"
    );
    for m in &spend {
        let model = escape_label(&m.model);
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_model_tokens_total{{model=\"{model}\",direction=\"input\"}} {}",
            m.input_tokens
        );
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_model_tokens_total{{model=\"{model}\",direction=\"output\"}} {}",
            m.output_tokens
        );
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_model_tokens_total{{model=\"{model}\",direction=\"cache_read\"}} {}",
            m.cache_read_tokens
        );
    }
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_model_cost_usd_total Measured provider cost per served model (USD).\n# TYPE leanctx_model_cost_usd_total counter"
    );
    for m in &spend {
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_model_cost_usd_total{{model=\"{}\"}} {}",
            escape_label(&m.model),
            m.cost_usd
        );
    }

    let ledger = crate::core::savings_ledger::summary();
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_saved_tokens_total Verified net tokens saved (signed ledger).\n# TYPE leanctx_saved_tokens_total counter\nleanctx_saved_tokens_total {}",
        ledger.net_saved_tokens()
    );
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_saved_usd_total Verified USD saved (signed ledger).\n# TYPE leanctx_saved_usd_total counter\nleanctx_saved_usd_total {}",
        ledger.saved_usd
    );
    for (mechanism, tokens, usd) in &ledger.by_mechanism {
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_saved_by_mechanism_tokens_total{{mechanism=\"{}\"}} {tokens}",
            escape_label(mechanism)
        );
        let _ = writeln!(
            out,
            "leanctx_saved_by_mechanism_usd_total{{mechanism=\"{}\"}} {usd}",
            escape_label(mechanism)
        );
    }

    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_usage_events_dropped_total Usage events dropped because the store writer was saturated (fail-open).\n# TYPE leanctx_usage_events_dropped_total counter\nleanctx_usage_events_dropped_total {}",
        crate::proxy::usage_sink::dropped_count()
    );
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_mcp_events_dropped_total MCP exchanges dropped because the metering writer was saturated (fail-open).\n# TYPE leanctx_mcp_events_dropped_total counter\nleanctx_mcp_events_dropped_total {}",
        super::mcp::metering::dropped_count()
    );

    // Org-policy gate (enterprise#25, #66): blocked-request counters.
    let (blocked_model, blocked_budget, blocked_rate) =
        crate::proxy::policy_gate::blocked_counters();
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "# HELP leanctx_policy_blocked_total Requests refused by the enforced org policy.\n# TYPE leanctx_policy_blocked_total counter"
    );
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "leanctx_policy_blocked_total{{reason=\"model_ceiling\"}} {blocked_model}"
    );
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "leanctx_policy_blocked_total{{reason=\"budget\"}} {blocked_budget}"
    );
    let _ = writeln!(
        out,
        "leanctx_policy_blocked_total{{reason=\"rate_limit\"}} {blocked_rate}"
    );
}

/// Prometheus label values: escape backslash, quote and newline.
fn escape_label(v: &str) -> String {
    v.replace('\\', "\\\\")
        .replace('"', "\\\"")
        .replace('\n', "\\n")
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn label_escaping_covers_prometheus_specials() {
        assert_eq!(escape_label(r#"a"b\c"#), r#"a\"b\\c"#);
        assert_eq!(escape_label("x\ny"), "x\\ny");
    }

    #[test]
    fn metrics_render_is_valid_exposition_shape() {
        let mut out = String::new();
        render_metrics(&mut out);
        // Every non-comment line is `name{labels} value` or `name value`.
        for line in out.lines().filter(|l| !l.starts_with('#') && !l.is_empty()) {
            let (name_part, value) = line.rsplit_once(' ').expect("metric line has value");
            assert!(
                value.parse::<f64>().is_ok(),
                "metric value must be numeric: {line}"
            );
            assert!(
                name_part.starts_with("leanctx_"),
                "metric namespace: {line}"
            );
        }
        // The fail-open drop counter is always present (enterprise#12/#34).
        assert!(out.contains("leanctx_usage_events_dropped_total"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn admin_token_requires_non_empty() {
        // Not set in the test env → None (admin listener stays off).
        // (Uses a scoped var name to avoid mutating the real one.)
        assert!(std::env::var(ADMIN_TOKEN_ENV).is_err() || admin_token().is_some());
    }

    #[test]
    fn constant_time_eq_basic() {
        assert!(constant_time_eq(b"abc", b"abc"));
        assert!(!constant_time_eq(b"abc", b"abd"));
        assert!(!constant_time_eq(b"abc", b"ab"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn constant_time_eq_handles_wildly_different_lengths() {
        // #962: the hash-first comparison must remain correct however far
        // apart the two inputs' lengths are — not just off-by-one.
        assert!(!constant_time_eq(b"", b"nonempty"));
        assert!(constant_time_eq(b"", b""));
        let short = b"tok";
        let long = [b'a'; 4096];
        assert!(!constant_time_eq(short, &long));
    }
}