kanonak-codec 0.1.0

//! kanonak-codec — the generic, ontology-independent codec runtime (Rust port).
//!
//! Given a `CodecSchema` (the per-package metadata a generated SDK embeds) and a
//! set of typed nodes, it builds the canonical input model and content-addresses
//! it via `kanonak-canonical` (the same content-form the Python/TypeScript
//! references and the `kanonak hash` CLI produce). It also (de)serializes the
//! normalized-JSON wire form. Self-contained: carriers come from the schema's
//! datatype URIs, and the resolved foundation URIs are embedded by the generator,
//! so hashing needs no runtime ontology resolution.
//!
//! A node is a plain JSON object (`serde_json::Map<String, serde_json::Value>`) —
//! the `$`-envelope plus alias-collapsed local-name fields. A generated typed
//! model serializes to one. Note: `serde_json::Value` (the node field model) is
//! distinct from `kanonak_canonical::Value` (the canonical-input value enum).

use kanonak_canonical::{
    canonical_form as canonical_form_pkg, canonical_hash as canonical_hash_pkg, carrier_of,
    CanonError, Package, Statement, Subject, Value,
};
use serde_json::{Map, Value as Json};

/// The five `$`-envelope keys, which never become statements/predicates.
const ENVELOPE_KEYS: [&str; 5] = ["$type", "$id", "$contentHash", "$version", "$extra"];

/// A node is a JSON object.
pub type Node = Map<String, Json>;

/// Errors raised by the codec runtime. Fails loudly — no fallbacks.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum CodecError {
    /// A node, schema, or package context was malformed.
    Malformed(String),
    /// The underlying canonical library rejected a lexical/value.
    Canon(CanonError),
}

impl std::fmt::Display for CodecError {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            CodecError::Malformed(m) => write!(f, "{}", m),
            CodecError::Canon(e) => write!(f, "{}", e.0),
        }
    }
}

impl std::error::Error for CodecError {}

impl From<CanonError> for CodecError {
    fn from(e: CanonError) -> Self {
        CodecError::Canon(e)
    }
}

fn err<T>(msg: impl Into<String>) -> Result<T, CodecError> {
    Err(CodecError::Malformed(msg.into()))
}

/// The raw lexical token of a scalar — the input the canonical form normalizes.
/// bool -> "true"/"false"; string -> the string; number -> its plain decimal
/// string (serde_json's `Number::to_string()` gives "5" / "1.5", never
/// scientific notation). The canonical crate re-normalizes from there.
fn lexical(value: &Json) -> String {
    match value {
        Json::Bool(b) => {
            if *b {
                "true".to_string()
            } else {
                "false".to_string()
            }
        }
        Json::String(s) => s.clone(),
        Json::Number(n) => n.to_string(),
        other => other.to_string(),
    }
}

/// Build a single canonical `Value` for one (non-list) field datum, per its
/// schema prop.
fn build_value(prop: &Json, raw: &Json) -> Result<Value, CodecError> {
    let kind = prop
        .get("kind")
        .and_then(|k| k.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema prop is missing 'kind'".into()))?;
    if kind == "object" {
        if let Some(reference) = raw.get("$ref").and_then(|r| r.as_str()) {
            return Ok(Value::Reference(reference.to_string()));
        }
        return err(
            "Embedded object values are not yet supported by the codec runtime; \
             pass a reference ({\"$ref\": ...}).",
        );
    }
    let datatype = prop
        .get("datatype")
        .and_then(|d| d.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("datatype prop is missing 'datatype'".into()))?;
    match carrier_of(datatype) {
        None => Ok(Value::Raw(lexical(raw))),
        Some(carrier) => Ok(Value::Typed {
            carrier,
            lexical: lexical(raw),
        }),
    }
}

/// The statements for one node: the rdf:type triple, then each modeled/raw field
/// (lists collapse to a `Value::List`), then each `$extra` entry.
fn statements(node: &Node, schema: &Json) -> Result<Vec<Statement>, CodecError> {
    let type_uri = node
        .get("$type")
        .and_then(|t| t.as_str())
        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("node is missing $type".into()))?;

    let classes = schema
        .get("classes")
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'classes'".into()))?;
    let cls = classes
        .get(type_uri)
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed(format!("no schema for type {}", type_uri)))?;
    let props = cls
        .get("props")
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed(format!("class {} is missing 'props'", type_uri)))?;

    let type_predicate = schema
        .get("typePredicate")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'typePredicate'".into()))?;

    let mut out: Vec<Statement> = vec![Statement {
        predicate: type_predicate.to_string(),
        value: Value::Reference(type_uri.to_string()),
    }];

    for (key, raw) in node.iter() {
        if ENVELOPE_KEYS.contains(&key.as_str()) || raw.is_null() {
            continue;
        }
        match props.get(key) {
            None => out.push(Statement {
                predicate: key.clone(),
                value: Value::Raw(lexical(raw)),
            }),
            Some(prop) => {
                let predicate = prop
                    .get("predicate")
                    .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
                    .ok_or_else(|| {
                        CodecError::Malformed(format!("prop {} is missing 'predicate'", key))
                    })?;
                let value = match raw.as_array() {
                    Some(items) => {
                        let mut list = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
                        for item in items {
                            list.push(build_value(prop, item)?);
                        }
                        Value::List(list)
                    }
                    None => build_value(prop, raw)?,
                };
                out.push(Statement {
                    predicate: predicate.to_string(),
                    value,
                });
            }
        }
    }

    if let Some(extra) = node.get("$extra") {
        let extra = extra.as_object().ok_or_else(|| {
            CodecError::Malformed("$extra must be an object".into())
        })?;
        for (predicate, raw) in extra.iter() {
            if raw.is_null() {
                continue;
            }
            out.push(Statement {
                predicate: predicate.clone(),
                value: Value::Raw(lexical(raw)),
            });
        }
    }
    Ok(out)
}

/// Build the canonical input model: a subject per node + the synthesized
/// package-wrapper subject (raw label + `Package` type), exactly the subject set
/// `kanonak hash` produces for the equivalent authored package.
pub fn build_package(nodes: &[Node], schema: &Json, pkg: &Json) -> Result<Package, CodecError> {
    let mut subjects: Vec<Subject> = Vec::with_capacity(nodes.len() + 1);
    for node in nodes {
        let id = node
            .get("$id")
            .and_then(|i| i.as_str())
            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
            .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("node is missing $id".into()))?;
        subjects.push(Subject {
            uri: id.to_string(),
            statements: statements(node, schema)?,
        });
    }

    let publisher = pkg
        .get("publisher")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("pkg is missing 'publisher'".into()))?;
    let package_name = pkg
        .get("packageName")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("pkg is missing 'packageName'".into()))?;
    let version = pkg
        .get("version")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("pkg is missing 'version'".into()))?;

    let pkg_uri = format!(
        "{}/{}@{}/{}",
        publisher, package_name, version, package_name
    );

    let type_predicate = schema
        .get("typePredicate")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'typePredicate'".into()))?;
    let label_predicate = schema
        .get("labelPredicate")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'labelPredicate'".into()))?;
    let package_type_uri = schema
        .get("packageTypeUri")
        .and_then(|p| p.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'packageTypeUri'".into()))?;

    let mut pkg_statements: Vec<Statement> = Vec::new();
    if let Some(label) = pkg.get("label") {
        if !label.is_null() {
            let label = label
                .as_str()
                .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("pkg label must be a string".into()))?;
            pkg_statements.push(Statement {
                predicate: label_predicate.to_string(),
                value: Value::Raw(label.to_string()),
            });
        }
    }
    pkg_statements.push(Statement {
        predicate: type_predicate.to_string(),
        value: Value::Reference(package_type_uri.to_string()),
    });
    subjects.push(Subject {
        uri: pkg_uri,
        statements: pkg_statements,
    });

    Ok(Package { subjects })
}

/// The canonical form (the `{subjects:[...]}` JSON) of a package from nodes.
pub fn canonical_form(nodes: &[Node], schema: &Json, pkg: &Json) -> Result<String, CodecError> {
    Ok(canonical_form_pkg(&build_package(nodes, schema, pkg)?)?)
}

/// The `sha256:` content hash of a package from nodes — matches `kanonak hash`.
pub fn content_hash(nodes: &[Node], schema: &Json, pkg: &Json) -> Result<String, CodecError> {
    Ok(canonical_hash_pkg(&build_package(nodes, schema, pkg)?)?)
}

/// Serialize a typed node to its normalized-JSON wire form. `$extra` entries ride
/// as sibling fields after the modeled ones; a modeled field wins a name
/// collision (`[JsonExtensionData]` semantics). No `$extra` key on the wire.
pub fn serialize(node: &Node) -> Node {
    let mut out = Map::new();
    for (key, value) in node.iter() {
        if key == "$extra" || value.is_null() {
            continue;
        }
        out.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
    }
    if let Some(extra) = node.get("$extra").and_then(|e| e.as_object()) {
        for (key, value) in extra.iter() {
            if !value.is_null() && !out.contains_key(key) {
                out.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
            }
        }
    }
    out
}

/// Parse normalized JSON into a typed node. `$`-envelope keys and fields modeled
/// on the node's `$type` stay top-level; every other key is collected into
/// `$extra` so a strongly-typed consumer round-trips it losslessly.
pub fn deserialize(json_obj: &Node, schema: &Json) -> Result<Node, CodecError> {
    let type_uri = json_obj
        .get("$type")
        .and_then(|t| t.as_str())
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("Cannot deserialize: missing string $type".into()))?;

    let classes = schema
        .get("classes")
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed("schema is missing 'classes'".into()))?;
    let cls = classes.get(type_uri).ok_or_else(|| {
        CodecError::Malformed(format!("Cannot deserialize: no schema for type {}", type_uri))
    })?;
    let props = cls
        .get("props")
        .ok_or_else(|| CodecError::Malformed(format!("class {} is missing 'props'", type_uri)))?;

    let mut node = Map::new();
    node.insert("$type".to_string(), Json::String(type_uri.to_string()));
    let mut extra = Map::new();
    for (key, value) in json_obj.iter() {
        if key == "$type" {
            continue;
        }
        if key.starts_with('$') || props.get(key).is_some() {
            node.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
        } else {
            extra.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
        }
    }
    if !extra.is_empty() {
        node.insert("$extra".to_string(), Json::Object(extra));
    }
    Ok(node)
}