// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// Copyright 2023 IROX Contributors

//!
//! Contains the concept of an [`Epoch`] - a specific Proleptic Gregorian [`Date`] from which a
//! [`Timestamp`] is measured against.
//!
//! A [`Timestamp`] is a [`Duration`], a physical amount of time measured against an [`Epoch`]
//!

use core::marker::PhantomData;
use core::ops::{Add, AddAssign, Sub, SubAssign};

use irox_units::units::duration::Duration;

use crate::gregorian::Date;

///
/// An `Epoch` serves as a reference point from which time is measured.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Epoch(pub Date);

impl Epoch {
    ///
    /// The Gregorian Date of this particular Epoch.
    pub fn get_gregorian_date(&self) -> Date {
        self.0
    }
}

///
/// Represents a [`Duration`] offset from a particular [`Epoch`]
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub struct Timestamp<T> {
    epoch: Epoch,
    offset: Duration,

    _phantom: PhantomData<T>,
}

impl<T> Timestamp<T> {
    pub(crate) fn new(epoch: Epoch, duration: Duration) -> Self {
        Self {
            epoch,
            offset: duration,
            _phantom: PhantomData,
        }
    }

    ///
    /// Returns the base epoch for this timestamp
    #[must_use]
    pub fn get_epoch(&self) -> Epoch {
        self.epoch
    }

    ///
    /// Returns the relative offset of this timestamp from the specified epoch.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn get_offset(&self) -> Duration {
        self.offset
    }
}

///
/// The Unix Epoch, 1970-01-01, 00:00:00
pub const UNIX_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1970,
    day_of_year: 0,
});

///
/// Represents a duration offset from the [`UNIX_EPOCH`].
pub type UnixTimestamp = Timestamp<UnixEpoch>;

/// `UnixEpoch` is a compile-time check for [`UnixTimestamp`] = [`Timestamp<UnixEpoch>`]
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct UnixEpoch;

pub trait FromTimestamp<T> {
    fn from_timestamp(other: &Timestamp<T>) -> Self;
}

macro_rules! derive_timestamp_impl {
    ($epoch:ident,$name:ident) => {
        impl $name {
            ///
            /// Creates a new timestamp given the specified offset
            pub const fn from_offset(offset: Duration) -> $name {
                $name {
                    epoch: $epoch,
                    offset,
                    _phantom: PhantomData {},
                }
            }

            ///
            /// Creates a new timestamp given the specified number of seconds
            pub const fn from_seconds(seconds: u32) -> $name {
                $name::from_seconds_f64(seconds as f64)
            }

            ///
            /// Creates a new timestamp given the specified number of fractional seconds
            pub const fn from_seconds_f64(seconds: f64) -> $name {
                $name::from_offset(Duration::new_seconds(seconds))
            }
        }
        impl Default for $name {
            fn default() -> Self {
                $name {
                    epoch: $epoch,
                    offset: Duration::default(),

                    _phantom: Default::default(),
                }
            }
        }
        impl From<Duration> for $name {
            fn from(value: Duration) -> Self {
                $name::from_offset(value)
            }
        }

        impl<T> FromTimestamp<T> for $name {
            fn from_timestamp(other: &Timestamp<T>) -> Self {
                let epoch_offset = $epoch.0 - other.epoch.0;
                let new_duration = other.offset - epoch_offset;
                $name::from_offset(new_duration)
            }
        }
    };
}

impl<T> Add<Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Timestamp<T>;

    fn add(self, rhs: Duration) -> Self::Output {
        let offset = self.offset + rhs;
        Self::new(self.epoch, offset)
    }
}

impl<T> AddAssign<Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration) {
        self.offset += rhs;
    }
}

impl<T> Sub<Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Timestamp<T>;

    fn sub(self, rhs: Duration) -> Self::Output {
        let offset = self.offset - rhs;
        Self::new(self.epoch, offset)
    }
}

impl<T> SubAssign<Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Duration) {
        self.offset -= rhs;
    }
}

impl<T> Add<&Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Timestamp<T>;

    fn add(self, rhs: &Duration) -> Self::Output {
        let offset = self.offset + *rhs;
        Self::new(self.epoch, offset)
    }
}

impl<T> AddAssign<&Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: &Duration) {
        self.offset += *rhs;
    }
}

impl<T> Sub<&Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Timestamp<T>;

    fn sub(self, rhs: &Duration) -> Self::Output {
        let offset = self.offset - *rhs;
        Self::new(self.epoch, offset)
    }
}

impl<T> SubAssign<&Duration> for Timestamp<T> {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: &Duration) {
        self.offset -= *rhs;
    }
}

impl<T> Sub<Timestamp<T>> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Duration;

    fn sub(self, rhs: Timestamp<T>) -> Self::Output {
        self.offset - rhs.offset
    }
}

impl<T> Sub<&Timestamp<T>> for Timestamp<T> {
    type Output = Duration;

    fn sub(self, rhs: &Timestamp<T>) -> Self::Output {
        self.offset - rhs.offset
    }
}

impl UnixTimestamp {
    ///
    /// Returns the local system clock equivalent of the unix timestamp
    #[must_use]
    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
    pub fn now() -> UnixTimestamp {
        match std::time::SystemTime::now().duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH) {
            Ok(t) => UnixTimestamp::from_offset(t.into()),
            Err(t) => {
                UnixTimestamp::from_offset(Duration::new_seconds(-1.0 * t.duration().as_secs_f64()))
            }
        }
    }

    ///
    /// Returns the local system clock duration since the timestamp.  MAY BE NEGATIVE if the clock
    /// has changed since the last call.
    #[must_use]
    #[cfg(feature = "std")]
    pub fn elapsed(&self) -> Duration {
        Self::now().offset - self.offset
    }

    ///
    /// Returns this timestamp as a Date
    #[must_use]
    pub fn as_date(&self) -> Date {
        self.into()
    }
}
derive_timestamp_impl!(UNIX_EPOCH, UnixTimestamp);

///
/// The GPS Epoch, 1980-01-06, 00:00:00
pub const GPS_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1980,
    day_of_year: 5,
});

///
/// Represents a duration offset from the [`GPS_EPOCH`]
pub type GPSTimestamp = Timestamp<GPSEpoch>;

/// `GPSEpoch` is a compile-time check for [`GPSTimestamp`] = [`Timestamp<GPSEpoch>`]
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct GPSEpoch;
derive_timestamp_impl!(GPS_EPOCH, GPSTimestamp);

///
/// The Gregorian Epoch, 15-OCT-1582
pub const GREGORIAN_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1582,
    day_of_year: 287,
});

///
/// Represents a duration offset from the [`GREGORIAN_EPOCH`]
pub type GregorianTimestamp = Timestamp<GregorianEpoch>;

/// `GregorianEpoch` is a compile-time check for [`GregorianTimestamp`] = [`Timestamp<GregorianEpoch>`]
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct GregorianEpoch;
derive_timestamp_impl!(GREGORIAN_EPOCH, GregorianTimestamp);

///
/// The Windows NT Epoch, 01-JAN-1601.
///
/// Why this date?  The Gregorian calendar operates on a 400-year cycle, and
/// 1601 is the first year of the cycle that was active at the time Windows NT
/// was being designed. In other words, it was chosen to make the math come out
/// nicely.
pub const WINDOWS_NT_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1601,
    day_of_year: 0,
});

///
/// Represents a duration offset from the [`WINDOWS_NT_EPOCH`]
///
/// Note: when a duration is actually retrieved from the windows FILETIME
/// routines, it comes back in 100-nanosecond increments from this epoch.
pub type WindowsNTTimestamp = Timestamp<WindowsEpoch>;

/// `WindowsEpoch` is a compile-time check for [`WindowsNTTimestamp`] = [`Timestamp<WindowsEpoch>`]
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct WindowsEpoch;
derive_timestamp_impl!(WINDOWS_NT_EPOCH, WindowsNTTimestamp);

///
/// The Common Era Epoch, 01-JAN-0001 AD
pub const COMMON_ERA_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1,
    day_of_year: 0,
});

///
/// The Prime Epoch, 01-JAN-1900
pub const PRIME_EPOCH: Epoch = Epoch(Date {
    year: 1900,
    day_of_year: 0,
});
///
/// Represents a duration offset from the [`WINDOWS_NT_EPOCH`]
///
/// Note: when a duration is actually retrieved from the windows FILETIME
/// routines, it comes back in 100-nanosecond increments from this epoch.
pub type PrimeTimestamp = Timestamp<PrimeEpoch>;
/// `PrimeEpoch` is a compile-time check for [`PrimeTimestamp`] = [`Timestamp<crate::epoch::PrimeEpoch>`]
#[derive(Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct PrimeEpoch;
derive_timestamp_impl!(PRIME_EPOCH, PrimeTimestamp);
///
/// The NTP epoch is the same as the [`PRIME_EPOCH`]
pub const NTP_EPOCH: Epoch = PRIME_EPOCH;