ifc-geometry 0.4.4

//! One recursive lowering session over one shared graph builder.
//!
//! # Why a session exists
//!
//! Recursive lowering appends to a single session-owned builder, and family
//! lowerers return [`NodeId`] instead of freezing isolated child graphs
//! (`tests/lower_session.rs` pins this). That is not a style preference: a [`NodeId`]
//! is owned by the graph that minted it, so handles from two independently
//! finished graphs are mutually foreign. Every composite IFC family needs two
//! children in one graph:
//!
//! - `IfcBooleanResult` references two operands,
//! - `IfcMappedItem` reuses one source under many transforms,
//! - a B-rep face set shares one surface across many faces,
//! - `IfcCsgSolid` nests operations arbitrarily deep.
//!
//! The session also carries the model and resolved unit scale that every
//! lowerer needs. Approximation policy is deliberately absent: lowering emits
//! exact neutral geometry, while execution providers own tessellation tolerance.
//!
//! # What it guarantees
//!
//! - **One graph.** All nodes land in one builder, so any two lowered results
//!   are composable.
//! - **Memoization.** A shared IFC entity lowered under the same frame yields
//!   the same node instead of a duplicate subtree.
//! - **Bounded recursion.** Cyclic and over-deep chains produce typed errors
//!   rather than a stack overflow.
//! - **Located failures.** Graph construction faults are translated into
//!   [`GeometryError`] values that name the offending IFC entity.

use std::collections::BTreeMap;

use axiolid_model::{GeometryGraphBuilder, GeometryNode, GraphError, NodeId};
use ifc_model::{EntityId, Model};

use crate::error::{GeometryError, GeometryResult};
use crate::lower::{LoweredGeometry, ProvenanceMap};
use crate::slots::Slots;
use crate::transform::Transform;
use crate::units::UnitScale;

/// Recursion budget for chained IFC references.
///
/// IFC places no normative limit on placement or mapped-item nesting, so a
/// budget is the only way to terminate on malformed input that is deep rather
/// than strictly cyclic.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct SessionLimits {
    /// Maximum simultaneously active entities in one chain.
    pub max_depth: usize,
    /// Maximum elements one file-declared aggregate may materialize.
    pub max_aggregate_elements: usize,
}

impl SessionLimits {
    /// Depth budget used when a caller states no preference.
    ///
    /// Real exporter output nests placements a few levels deep; 64 is far
    /// above observed depth while still terminating quickly on bad input.
    pub const DEFAULT_MAX_DEPTH: usize = 64;

    /// Aggregate-element budget used when a caller states no preference.
    ///
    /// Sized against the largest thing a legitimate file plausibly declares:
    /// a dense triangulated face set of ~5.5M triangles expands to 16M
    /// indices, and the largest observed knot vectors are four orders of
    /// magnitude smaller. 16M `f64` is ~128 MiB, which bounds a single
    /// aggregate to something a workstation survives while still refusing the
    /// billion-element declarations that motivate this budget.
    ///
    /// This is a refusal threshold, never a truncation point: an aggregate
    /// over the limit produces [`crate::GeometryError::AggregateTooLarge`]
    /// naming the entity, and no geometry is emitted for it.
    pub const DEFAULT_MAX_AGGREGATE_ELEMENTS: usize = 16_777_216;
}

impl Default for SessionLimits {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            max_depth: Self::DEFAULT_MAX_DEPTH,
            max_aggregate_elements: Self::DEFAULT_MAX_AGGREGATE_ELEMENTS,
        }
    }
}

/// What lowering does with an `IfcPolyLoop` face bound that collapses (#46).
///
/// A poly loop "collapses" when fewer than three of its implied edges join
/// two different points, e.g. `(A, A, B, B)`: it encloses no area, so it
/// cannot bound a face. Authoring tools emit such sliver faces routinely.
///
/// The test is exactly the one the refusal applies, so
/// [`DropAndReport`](Self::DropAndReport) drops precisely the faces that
/// [`Refuse`](Self::Refuse) would have refused over, and nothing else.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum DegenerateFacePolicy {
    /// Refuse the whole representation item with
    /// [`GeometryError::Degenerate`] naming
    /// the loop. The default: a file that says a face exists is not silently
    /// contradicted.
    #[default]
    Refuse,
    /// Leave the face out and record it in
    /// [`ProvenanceMap::dropped_faces`](crate::lower::ProvenanceMap::dropped_faces).
    ///
    /// Only a face whose OUTER bound (or only bound) collapses is dropped:
    /// that face covers no area, so omitting it removes no surface. A
    /// collapsed inner bound of a face that still has a valid outer bound is
    /// still refused, because dropping the face there would remove real area.
    ///
    /// Dropping a face can leave a shell open; the backend's own closure
    /// check still decides whether the result is a solid.
    DropAndReport,
}

/// Identity of one lowering result, used to deduplicate shared entities.
///
/// The frame is part of the key. Two `IfcMappedItem`s reusing one source under
/// different transforms are different results, and collapsing them would place
/// geometry at one location only. Floats are keyed by bit pattern so the key is
/// totally ordered without imposing a tolerance policy: memoization must be an
/// exact-identity optimization, never a geometric approximation.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
struct MemoKey {
    entity: u64,
    family: &'static str,
    basis: [[u64; 3]; 3],
    origin: [u64; 3],
}

impl MemoKey {
    fn new(entity: EntityId, family: &'static str, frame: Transform) -> Self {
        Self {
            entity: entity.0,
            family,
            basis: frame.basis.map(|axis| axis.map(f64::to_bits)),
            origin: frame.origin.map(f64::to_bits),
        }
    }
}

/// A single recursive lowering pass over one shared graph builder.
///
/// Family lowerers take `&mut LoweringSession` and return [`NodeId`]. Only the
/// public entry point calls [`LoweringSession::finish`].
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct LoweringSession<'a> {
    model: &'a Model,
    units: &'a UnitScale,
    limits: SessionLimits,
    builder: GeometryGraphBuilder,
    nodes: usize,
    memo: BTreeMap<MemoKey, NodeId>,
    active: Vec<EntityId>,
    provenance: ProvenanceMap,
    /// `MappedTo` face set -> its `IfcIndexedTriangleTextureMap`s, built on
    /// first use. Maps point at face sets, not the other way round, so
    /// finding a face set's map means a scan; doing it once per session
    /// keeps lowering linear in the file.
    texture_maps: Option<BTreeMap<EntityId, Vec<EntityId>>>,
    /// What each appended node is, structurally, for net lowering (#44).
    ///
    /// A boolean operand must be a solid, and the graph validator rejects a
    /// `Collection` (or an `Instance` of one) there. Net lowering therefore
    /// has to split a multi-item body into its solid parts, which needs to
    /// see node kinds before the graph is frozen. Recording them at push time
    /// costs one small entry per node and avoids re-walking the builder.
    shapes: BTreeMap<NodeId, NodeShape>,
    /// What to do with a collapsed poly-loop face (#46).
    face_policy: DegenerateFacePolicy,
}

/// The structural kind of a node, as net lowering needs it.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub(crate) enum NodeShape {
    /// Merges its members; not itself a boolean operand.
    Collection(Vec<NodeId>),
    /// Reuses `source` under `transform`.
    Instance {
        /// The reused node.
        source: NodeId,
        /// Local-to-parent transform.
        transform: axiolid_core::Transform3,
    },
    /// A family the graph validator admits as a boolean operand.
    Solid,
    /// Anything else: curves, surfaces, profiles, points.
    Other,
}

impl NodeShape {
    fn of(node: &GeometryNode) -> Self {
        match node {
            GeometryNode::Collection(members) => Self::Collection(members.clone()),
            GeometryNode::Instance(instance) => Self::Instance {
                source: instance.source,
                transform: instance.transform,
            },
            // Mirrors axiolid-model's `ExpectedReference::Solid`.
            GeometryNode::Primitive(_)
            | GeometryNode::HalfSpace(_)
            | GeometryNode::SolidOperation(_)
            | GeometryNode::BRep(_)
            | GeometryNode::PolygonMesh(_)
            | GeometryNode::TriMesh(_) => Self::Solid,
            _ => Self::Other,
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> LoweringSession<'a> {
    /// Open a session with the default recursion budget.
    pub fn new(model: &'a Model, units: &'a UnitScale) -> Self {
        Self::with_limits(model, units, SessionLimits::default())
    }

    /// Open a session with an explicit recursion budget.
    pub fn with_limits(model: &'a Model, units: &'a UnitScale, limits: SessionLimits) -> Self {
        Self {
            model,
            units,
            limits,
            builder: GeometryGraphBuilder::new(),
            nodes: 0,
            memo: BTreeMap::new(),
            active: Vec::new(),
            provenance: ProvenanceMap::default(),
            texture_maps: None,
            shapes: BTreeMap::new(),
            face_policy: DegenerateFacePolicy::default(),
        }
    }

    /// Set what lowering does with a collapsed poly-loop face (#46).
    ///
    /// Builder-style so the default constructors stay unchanged:
    /// `LoweringSession::new(model, units).with_face_policy(policy)`.
    #[must_use]
    pub fn with_face_policy(mut self, policy: DegenerateFacePolicy) -> Self {
        self.face_policy = policy;
        self
    }

    /// The degenerate-face policy in force.
    pub fn face_policy(&self) -> DegenerateFacePolicy {
        self.face_policy
    }

    /// Record a face left out under [`DegenerateFacePolicy::DropAndReport`].
    pub(crate) fn report_dropped_face(&mut self, face: EntityId) {
        self.provenance.record_dropped_face(face);
    }

    /// The `IfcIndexedTriangleTextureMap`s whose `MappedTo` is `face_set`, in
    /// file order. Empty for an untextured face set.
    pub(crate) fn triangle_texture_maps(&mut self, face_set: EntityId) -> &[EntityId] {
        let model = self.model;
        let index = self.texture_maps.get_or_insert_with(|| {
            let mut index: BTreeMap<EntityId, Vec<EntityId>> = BTreeMap::new();
            // `ids_of_type` yields file order, so each list stays in it.
            for &map in model.ids_of_type("IFCINDEXEDTRIANGLETEXTUREMAP") {
                // `MappedTo` is slot 1 in IFC4 and IFC4X3 alike.
                let target = model
                    .get(map)
                    .and_then(|entity| entity.attributes.get(1))
                    .and_then(ifc_model::Value::as_ref_id);
                if let Some(target) = target {
                    index.entry(target).or_default().push(map);
                }
            }
            index
        });
        index.get(&face_set).map_or(&[], Vec::as_slice)
    }

    /// The model being lowered.
    pub fn model(&self) -> &'a Model {
        self.model
    }

    /// The resolved unit scale for this model.
    pub fn units(&self) -> &'a UnitScale {
        self.units
    }

    /// Number of nodes appended so far.
    ///
    /// Exposed so tests can assert that a memoized hit appends nothing.
    pub fn node_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.nodes
    }

    /// Append one node, attributing any graph fault to the current entity.
    pub fn node(&mut self, node: GeometryNode) -> GeometryResult<NodeId> {
        let source = self.active.last().copied();
        let shape = NodeShape::of(&node);
        let id = self
            .builder
            .push(node)
            .map_err(|error| graph_error(source.unwrap_or(EntityId(0)), error))?;
        self.nodes += 1;
        self.shapes.insert(id, shape);
        if let Some(source) = source {
            self.provenance.record(id, source);
        }
        Ok(id)
    }

    /// Append one node, attributing any graph fault to `entity`.
    pub fn node_for(&mut self, entity: EntityId, node: GeometryNode) -> GeometryResult<NodeId> {
        let shape = NodeShape::of(&node);
        let id = self
            .builder
            .push(node)
            .map_err(|error| graph_error(entity, error))?;
        self.nodes += 1;
        self.shapes.insert(id, shape);
        self.provenance.record(id, entity);
        Ok(id)
    }

    /// The structural kind of an appended node; `None` for a foreign id.
    pub(crate) fn shape(&self, node: NodeId) -> Option<&NodeShape> {
        self.shapes.get(&node)
    }

    /// Source attribution accumulated so far.
    pub fn provenance(&self) -> &ProvenanceMap {
        &self.provenance
    }

    /// Resolve an entity or report the dangling reference against `referrer`.
    pub fn entity(
        &self,
        referrer: EntityId,
        id: EntityId,
    ) -> GeometryResult<&'a ifc_model::Entity> {
        self.model.get(id).ok_or(GeometryError::MissingEntity {
            referrer,
            missing: id,
        })
    }

    /// Look up a previously lowered result for `entity` under `frame`.
    pub fn memoized(
        &self,
        entity: EntityId,
        family: &'static str,
        frame: Transform,
    ) -> Option<NodeId> {
        self.memo.get(&MemoKey::new(entity, family, frame)).copied()
    }

    /// Record the lowered result for `entity` under `frame`.
    pub fn memoize(
        &mut self,
        entity: EntityId,
        family: &'static str,
        frame: Transform,
        node: NodeId,
    ) {
        self.memo.insert(MemoKey::new(entity, family, frame), node);
    }

    /// Mark `entity` as active in the current chain.
    ///
    /// Returns [`GeometryError::CyclicChain`] if the entity is already active
    /// and [`GeometryError::ChainTooDeep`] once the depth budget is exhausted.
    /// Every successful call must be paired with [`LoweringSession::exit`].
    pub fn enter(&mut self, entity: EntityId, kind: &'static str) -> GeometryResult<()> {
        if self.active.contains(&entity) {
            return Err(GeometryError::CyclicChain { entity, kind });
        }
        if self.active.len() >= self.limits.max_depth {
            return Err(GeometryError::ChainTooDeep {
                entity,
                kind,
                limit: self.limits.max_depth,
            });
        }
        self.active.push(entity);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Release `entity` from the active chain.
    ///
    /// Sharing is not recursion: once a subtree is complete the entity must be
    /// reachable again from a sibling branch.
    pub fn exit(&mut self, entity: EntityId) {
        if self.active.last() == Some(&entity) {
            self.active.pop();
            return;
        }
        debug_assert!(false, "lowering scopes must exit in LIFO order");
        if let Some(index) = self.active.iter().rposition(|&active| active == entity) {
            self.active.remove(index);
        }
    }

    /// Borrowed attribute view for `entity`.
    pub fn slots(&self, entity: EntityId) -> GeometryResult<Slots<'a>> {
        let resolved = self.entity(entity, entity)?;
        Ok(Slots::new(entity, resolved))
    }

    /// Upper-cased IFC type name for `entity`.
    ///
    /// Dispatch compares against canonical upper-case names because STEP files
    /// are case-insensitive in practice and exporters disagree.
    pub fn type_name(&self, entity: EntityId) -> GeometryResult<String> {
        Ok(self.entity(entity, entity)?.type_name.to_ascii_uppercase())
    }

    /// Build a typed `Unsupported` error naming the offending entity.
    pub fn unsupported(
        &self,
        entity: EntityId,
        type_name: &str,
        detail: &'static str,
    ) -> GeometryError {
        GeometryError::Unsupported {
            entity,
            type_name: type_name.to_string(),
            detail,
        }
    }

    /// Build a typed `Degenerate` error naming the offending entity.
    ///
    /// Structurally impossible geometry is distinct from an unimplemented
    /// family: the file is understood and the shape does not exist.
    pub fn degenerate(
        &self,
        entity: EntityId,
        type_name: &str,
        detail: impl Into<String>,
    ) -> GeometryError {
        GeometryError::Degenerate {
            entity,
            type_name: type_name.to_string(),
            detail: detail.into(),
        }
    }

    /// Check a file-declared aggregate size against the element budget.
    ///
    /// Takes `u128` so an overflowing product (`triangles * 3`) can be
    /// computed in a wider type and reported honestly instead of wrapping to a
    /// small number that passes the check. Returns the size as `usize` only
    /// once it is known to fit.
    ///
    /// Call this *before* reserving, not after: the point is to refuse the
    /// declaration, not to survive the allocation.
    pub fn check_aggregate(
        &self,
        entity: EntityId,
        type_name: &str,
        what: &'static str,
        requested: u128,
    ) -> GeometryResult<usize> {
        let limit = self.limits.max_aggregate_elements;
        if requested > limit as u128 {
            return Err(GeometryError::AggregateTooLarge {
                entity,
                type_name: type_name.to_string(),
                what,
                requested,
                limit,
            });
        }
        Ok(requested as usize)
    }

    /// Lower a nested operand through the total dispatcher.
    ///
    /// Kept on the session so recursive families do not each re-import the
    /// dispatcher and risk diverging on cycle/limit handling.
    pub fn lower_operand(&mut self, entity: EntityId, frame: Transform) -> GeometryResult<NodeId> {
        crate::lower::dispatch::lower_representation_item(self, entity, frame)
    }

    /// Freeze the graph with `root` as its single output root.
    pub fn finish(self, root: NodeId) -> GeometryResult<LoweredGeometry> {
        let entity = self.current_entity();
        let graph = self
            .builder
            .finish(vec![root])
            .map_err(|error| graph_error(entity, error))?;
        Ok(LoweredGeometry {
            graph,
            root,
            provenance: self.provenance,
        })
    }

    /// Best-effort attribution target for graph faults raised outside a family.
    fn current_entity(&self) -> EntityId {
        self.active.last().copied().unwrap_or(EntityId(0))
    }
}

/// Translate a graph construction fault into a located IFC error.
///
/// A bare [`GraphError`] names a `NodeId`, which is meaningless when debugging
/// a 500k-entity file; the IFC entity is the addressable unit.
pub(crate) fn graph_error(entity: EntityId, error: GraphError) -> GeometryError {
    GeometryError::Degenerate {
        entity,
        type_name: "geometry graph".to_string(),
        detail: error.to_string(),
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn the_memo_key_separates_entity_family_and_frame() {
        let frame = Transform::identity();
        let mut moved = Transform::identity();
        moved.origin = [1.0, 0.0, 0.0];

        let base = MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "solid", frame);
        assert_eq!(base, MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "solid", frame));
        assert_ne!(base, MemoKey::new(EntityId(2), "solid", frame));
        assert_ne!(base, MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "profile", frame));
        assert_ne!(base, MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "solid", moved));
    }

    #[test]
    fn signed_zero_does_not_alias_positive_zero_in_the_key() {
        // -0.0 == 0.0 numerically but has a distinct bit pattern. Keying on
        // bits keeps memoization an exact-identity optimization.
        let mut negative = Transform::identity();
        negative.origin = [-0.0, 0.0, 0.0];
        assert_ne!(
            MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "solid", Transform::identity()),
            MemoKey::new(EntityId(1), "solid", negative)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn the_default_aggregate_budget_is_documented() {
        assert_eq!(
            SessionLimits::default().max_aggregate_elements,
            SessionLimits::DEFAULT_MAX_AGGREGATE_ELEMENTS
        );
        assert_eq!(SessionLimits::DEFAULT_MAX_AGGREGATE_ELEMENTS, 16_777_216);
    }

    #[test]
    fn the_default_depth_budget_is_documented() {
        assert_eq!(
            SessionLimits::default().max_depth,
            SessionLimits::DEFAULT_MAX_DEPTH
        );
    }
}