//! HTTP request types.
//!
//! This module contains structs related to HTTP requests, notably the
//! `Request` type itself as well as a builder to create requests. Typically
//! you'll import the `http::Request` type rather than reaching into this
//! module itself.
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! Creating a `Request` to send
//!
//! ```no_run
//! use http::{Request, Response};
//!
//! let mut request = Request::builder()
//! .uri("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
//! .header("User-Agent", "my-awesome-agent/1.0");
//!
//! if needs_awesome_header() {
//! request = request.header("Awesome", "yes");
//! }
//!
//! let response = send(request.body(()).unwrap());
//!
//! # fn needs_awesome_header() -> bool {
//! # true
//! # }
//! #
//! fn send(req: Request<()>) -> Response<()> {
//! // ...
//! # panic!()
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Inspecting a request to see what was sent.
//!
//! ```
//! use http::{Request, Response, StatusCode};
//!
//! fn respond_to(req: Request<()>) -> http::Result<Response<()>> {
//! if req.uri() != "/awesome-url" {
//! return Response::builder()
//! .status(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND)
//! .body(())
//! }
//!
//! let has_awesome_header = req.headers().contains_key("Awesome");
//! let body = req.body();
//!
//! // ...
//! # panic!()
//! }
//! ```
use std::any::Any;
use std::convert::{TryFrom};
use std::fmt;
use crate::header::{HeaderMap, HeaderName, HeaderValue};
use crate::method::Method;
use crate::version::Version;
use crate::{Extensions, Result, Uri};
/// Represents an HTTP request.
///
/// An HTTP request consists of a head and a potentially optional body. The body
/// component is generic, enabling arbitrary types to represent the HTTP body.
/// For example, the body could be `Vec<u8>`, a `Stream` of byte chunks, or a
/// value that has been deserialized.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// Creating a `Request` to send
///
/// ```no_run
/// use http::{Request, Response};
///
/// let mut request = Request::builder()
/// .uri("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .header("User-Agent", "my-awesome-agent/1.0");
///
/// if needs_awesome_header() {
/// request = request.header("Awesome", "yes");
/// }
///
/// let response = send(request.body(()).unwrap());
///
/// # fn needs_awesome_header() -> bool {
/// # true
/// # }
/// #
/// fn send(req: Request<()>) -> Response<()> {
/// // ...
/// # panic!()
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Inspecting a request to see what was sent.
///
/// ```
/// use http::{Request, Response, StatusCode};
///
/// fn respond_to(req: Request<()>) -> http::Result<Response<()>> {
/// if req.uri() != "/awesome-url" {
/// return Response::builder()
/// .status(StatusCode::NOT_FOUND)
/// .body(())
/// }
///
/// let has_awesome_header = req.headers().contains_key("Awesome");
/// let body = req.body();
///
/// // ...
/// # panic!()
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Deserialize a request of bytes via json:
///
/// ```
/// # extern crate serde;
/// # extern crate serde_json;
/// # extern crate http;
/// use http::Request;
/// use serde::de;
///
/// fn deserialize<T>(req: Request<Vec<u8>>) -> serde_json::Result<Request<T>>
/// where for<'de> T: de::Deserialize<'de>,
/// {
/// let (parts, body) = req.into_parts();
/// let body = serde_json::from_slice(&body)?;
/// Ok(Request::from_parts(parts, body))
/// }
/// #
/// # fn main() {}
/// ```
///
/// Or alternatively, serialize the body of a request to json
///
/// ```
/// # extern crate serde;
/// # extern crate serde_json;
/// # extern crate http;
/// use http::Request;
/// use serde::ser;
///
/// fn serialize<T>(req: Request<T>) -> serde_json::Result<Request<Vec<u8>>>
/// where T: ser::Serialize,
/// {
/// let (parts, body) = req.into_parts();
/// let body = serde_json::to_vec(&body)?;
/// Ok(Request::from_parts(parts, body))
/// }
/// #
/// # fn main() {}
/// ```
pub struct Request<T> {
head: Parts,
body: T,
}
/// Component parts of an HTTP `Request`
///
/// The HTTP request head consists of a method, uri, version, and a set of
/// header fields.
pub struct Parts {
/// The request's method
pub method: Method,
/// The request's URI
pub uri: Uri,
/// The request's version
pub version: Version,
/// The request's headers
pub headers: HeaderMap<HeaderValue>,
/// The request's extensions
pub extensions: Extensions,
_priv: (),
}
/// An HTTP request builder
///
/// This type can be used to construct an instance or `Request`
/// through a builder-like pattern.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Builder {
inner: Result<Parts>,
}
impl Request<()> {
/// Creates a new builder-style object to manufacture a `Request`
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request = Request::builder()
/// .method("GET")
/// .uri("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .header("X-Custom-Foo", "Bar")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn builder() -> Builder {
Builder::new()
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a GET method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::get("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn get<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::GET).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a PUT method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::put("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn put<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::PUT).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a POST method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::post("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn post<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::POST).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a DELETE method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::delete("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn delete<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::DELETE).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with an OPTIONS method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::options("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// # assert_eq!(*request.method(), Method::OPTIONS);
/// ```
pub fn options<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::OPTIONS).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a HEAD method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::head("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn head<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::HEAD).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a CONNECT method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::connect("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn connect<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::CONNECT).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a PATCH method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::patch("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn patch<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::PATCH).uri(uri)
}
/// Creates a new `Builder` initialized with a TRACE method and the given URI.
///
/// This method returns an instance of `Builder` which can be used to
/// create a `Request`.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::trace("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn trace<T>(uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
Builder::new().method(Method::TRACE).uri(uri)
}
}
impl<T> Request<T> {
/// Creates a new blank `Request` with the body
///
/// The component parts of this request will be set to their default, e.g.
/// the GET method, no headers, etc.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request = Request::new("hello world");
///
/// assert_eq!(*request.method(), Method::GET);
/// assert_eq!(*request.body(), "hello world");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn new(body: T) -> Request<T> {
Request {
head: Parts::new(),
body: body,
}
}
/// Creates a new `Request` with the given components parts and body.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request = Request::new("hello world");
/// let (mut parts, body) = request.into_parts();
/// parts.method = Method::POST;
///
/// let request = Request::from_parts(parts, body);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn from_parts(parts: Parts, body: T) -> Request<T> {
Request {
head: parts,
body: body,
}
}
/// Returns a reference to the associated HTTP method.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// assert_eq!(*request.method(), Method::GET);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn method(&self) -> &Method {
&self.head.method
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated HTTP method.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let mut request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// *request.method_mut() = Method::PUT;
/// assert_eq!(*request.method(), Method::PUT);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn method_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Method {
&mut self.head.method
}
/// Returns a reference to the associated URI.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// assert_eq!(*request.uri(), *"/");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn uri(&self) -> &Uri {
&self.head.uri
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated URI.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let mut request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// *request.uri_mut() = "/hello".parse().unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(*request.uri(), *"/hello");
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn uri_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Uri {
&mut self.head.uri
}
/// Returns the associated version.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// assert_eq!(request.version(), Version::HTTP_11);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn version(&self) -> Version {
self.head.version
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated version.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let mut request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// *request.version_mut() = Version::HTTP_2;
/// assert_eq!(request.version(), Version::HTTP_2);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn version_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Version {
&mut self.head.version
}
/// Returns a reference to the associated header field map.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// assert!(request.headers().is_empty());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn headers(&self) -> &HeaderMap<HeaderValue> {
&self.head.headers
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated header field map.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// # use http::header::*;
/// let mut request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// request.headers_mut().insert(HOST, HeaderValue::from_static("world"));
/// assert!(!request.headers().is_empty());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn headers_mut(&mut self) -> &mut HeaderMap<HeaderValue> {
&mut self.head.headers
}
/// Returns a reference to the associated extensions.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// assert!(request.extensions().get::<i32>().is_none());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn extensions(&self) -> &Extensions {
&self.head.extensions
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated extensions.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// # use http::header::*;
/// let mut request: Request<()> = Request::default();
/// request.extensions_mut().insert("hello");
/// assert_eq!(request.extensions().get(), Some(&"hello"));
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn extensions_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Extensions {
&mut self.head.extensions
}
/// Returns a reference to the associated HTTP body.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request: Request<String> = Request::default();
/// assert!(request.body().is_empty());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn body(&self) -> &T {
&self.body
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the associated HTTP body.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let mut request: Request<String> = Request::default();
/// request.body_mut().push_str("hello world");
/// assert!(!request.body().is_empty());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn body_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
&mut self.body
}
/// Consumes the request, returning just the body.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::Request;
/// let request = Request::new(10);
/// let body = request.into_body();
/// assert_eq!(body, 10);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn into_body(self) -> T {
self.body
}
/// Consumes the request returning the head and body parts.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request = Request::new(());
/// let (parts, body) = request.into_parts();
/// assert_eq!(parts.method, Method::GET);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn into_parts(self) -> (Parts, T) {
(self.head, self.body)
}
/// Consumes the request returning a new request with body mapped to the
/// return type of the passed in function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// let request = Request::builder().body("some string").unwrap();
/// let mapped_request: Request<&[u8]> = request.map(|b| {
/// assert_eq!(b, "some string");
/// b.as_bytes()
/// });
/// assert_eq!(mapped_request.body(), &"some string".as_bytes());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn map<F, U>(self, f: F) -> Request<U>
where
F: FnOnce(T) -> U,
{
Request {
body: f(self.body),
head: self.head,
}
}
}
impl<T: Default> Default for Request<T> {
fn default() -> Request<T> {
Request::new(T::default())
}
}
impl<T: fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for Request<T> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("Request")
.field("method", self.method())
.field("uri", self.uri())
.field("version", &self.version())
.field("headers", self.headers())
// omits Extensions because not useful
.field("body", self.body())
.finish()
}
}
impl Parts {
/// Creates a new default instance of `Parts`
fn new() -> Parts {
Parts {
method: Method::default(),
uri: Uri::default(),
version: Version::default(),
headers: HeaderMap::default(),
extensions: Extensions::default(),
_priv: (),
}
}
}
impl fmt::Debug for Parts {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
f.debug_struct("Parts")
.field("method", &self.method)
.field("uri", &self.uri)
.field("version", &self.version)
.field("headers", &self.headers)
// omits Extensions because not useful
// omits _priv because not useful
.finish()
}
}
impl Builder {
/// Creates a new default instance of `Builder` to construct a `Request`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let req = request::Builder::new()
/// .method("POST")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn new() -> Builder {
Builder::default()
}
/// Set the HTTP method for this request.
///
/// This function will configure the HTTP method of the `Request` that will
/// be returned from `Builder::build`.
///
/// By default this is `GET`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .method("POST")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn method<T>(self, method: T) -> Builder
where
Method: TryFrom<T>,
<Method as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
self.and_then(move |mut head| {
let method = TryFrom::try_from(method).map_err(Into::into)?;
head.method = method;
Ok(head)
})
}
/// Get the HTTP Method for this request.
///
/// By default this is `GET`. If builder has error, returns None.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let mut req = Request::builder();
/// assert_eq!(req.method_ref(),Some(&Method::GET));
///
/// req = req.method("POST");
/// assert_eq!(req.method_ref(),Some(&Method::POST));
/// ```
pub fn method_ref(&self) -> Option<&Method> {
self.inner.as_ref().ok().map(|h| &h.method)
}
/// Set the URI for this request.
///
/// This function will configure the URI of the `Request` that will
/// be returned from `Builder::build`.
///
/// By default this is `/`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .uri("https://www.rust-lang.org/")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn uri<T>(self, uri: T) -> Builder
where
Uri: TryFrom<T>,
<Uri as TryFrom<T>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
self.and_then(move |mut head| {
head.uri = TryFrom::try_from(uri).map_err(Into::into)?;
Ok(head)
})
}
/// Get the URI for this request
///
/// By default this is `/`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let mut req = Request::builder();
/// assert_eq!(req.uri_ref().unwrap(), "/" );
///
/// req = req.uri("https://www.rust-lang.org/");
/// assert_eq!(req.uri_ref().unwrap(), "https://www.rust-lang.org/" );
/// ```
pub fn uri_ref(&self) -> Option<&Uri> {
self.inner.as_ref().ok().map(|h| &h.uri)
}
/// Set the HTTP version for this request.
///
/// This function will configure the HTTP version of the `Request` that
/// will be returned from `Builder::build`.
///
/// By default this is HTTP/1.1
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .version(Version::HTTP_2)
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn version(self, version: Version) -> Builder {
self.and_then(move |mut head| {
head.version = version;
Ok(head)
})
}
/// Appends a header to this request builder.
///
/// This function will append the provided key/value as a header to the
/// internal `HeaderMap` being constructed. Essentially this is equivalent
/// to calling `HeaderMap::append`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
/// # use http::header::HeaderValue;
///
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .header("Accept", "text/html")
/// .header("X-Custom-Foo", "bar")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn header<K, V>(self, key: K, value: V) -> Builder
where
HeaderName: TryFrom<K>,
<HeaderName as TryFrom<K>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
HeaderValue: TryFrom<V>,
<HeaderValue as TryFrom<V>>::Error: Into<crate::Error>,
{
self.and_then(move |mut head| {
let name = <HeaderName as TryFrom<K>>::try_from(key).map_err(Into::into)?;
let value = <HeaderValue as TryFrom<V>>::try_from(value).map_err(Into::into)?;
head.headers.append(name, value);
Ok(head)
})
}
/// Get header on this request builder.
/// when builder has error returns None
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::Request;
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .header("Accept", "text/html")
/// .header("X-Custom-Foo", "bar");
/// let headers = req.headers_ref().unwrap();
/// assert_eq!( headers["Accept"], "text/html" );
/// assert_eq!( headers["X-Custom-Foo"], "bar" );
/// ```
pub fn headers_ref(&self) -> Option<&HeaderMap<HeaderValue>> {
self.inner.as_ref().ok().map(|h| &h.headers)
}
/// Get headers on this request builder.
///
/// When builder has error returns None.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use http::{header::HeaderValue, Request};
/// let mut req = Request::builder();
/// {
/// let headers = req.headers_mut().unwrap();
/// headers.insert("Accept", HeaderValue::from_static("text/html"));
/// headers.insert("X-Custom-Foo", HeaderValue::from_static("bar"));
/// }
/// let headers = req.headers_ref().unwrap();
/// assert_eq!( headers["Accept"], "text/html" );
/// assert_eq!( headers["X-Custom-Foo"], "bar" );
/// ```
pub fn headers_mut(&mut self) -> Option<&mut HeaderMap<HeaderValue>> {
self.inner.as_mut().ok().map(|h| &mut h.headers)
}
/// Adds an extension to this builder
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let req = Request::builder()
/// .extension("My Extension")
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
///
/// assert_eq!(req.extensions().get::<&'static str>(),
/// Some(&"My Extension"));
/// ```
pub fn extension<T>(self, extension: T) -> Builder
where
T: Any + Send + Sync + 'static,
{
self.and_then(move |mut head| {
head.extensions.insert(extension);
Ok(head)
})
}
/// "Consumes" this builder, using the provided `body` to return a
/// constructed `Request`.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// This function may return an error if any previously configured argument
/// failed to parse or get converted to the internal representation. For
/// example if an invalid `head` was specified via `header("Foo",
/// "Bar\r\n")` the error will be returned when this function is called
/// rather than when `header` was called.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// # use http::*;
///
/// let request = Request::builder()
/// .body(())
/// .unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn body<T>(self, body: T) -> Result<Request<T>> {
self.inner.map(move |head| {
Request {
head,
body,
}
})
}
// private
fn and_then<F>(self, func: F) -> Self
where
F: FnOnce(Parts) -> Result<Parts>
{
Builder {
inner: self.inner.and_then(func),
}
}
}
impl Default for Builder {
#[inline]
fn default() -> Builder {
Builder {
inner: Ok(Parts::new()),
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn it_can_map_a_body_from_one_type_to_another() {
let request = Request::builder().body("some string").unwrap();
let mapped_request = request.map(|s| {
assert_eq!(s, "some string");
123u32
});
assert_eq!(mapped_request.body(), &123u32);
}
}