hostaddr 0.2.4

<div align="center">
<h1>hostaddr</h1>
</div>
<div align="center">

Type-safe, validated DNS domain names, hosts, and host addresses for Rust.

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[<img alt="crates.io" src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/hostaddr?style=for-the-badge&logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iaXNvLTg4NTktMSI/Pg0KPCEtLSBHZW5lcmF0b3I6IEFkb2JlIElsbHVzdHJhdG9yIDE5LjAuMCwgU1ZHIEV4cG9ydCBQbHVnLUluIC4gU1ZHIFZlcnNpb246IDYuMDAgQnVpbGQgMCkgIC0tPg0KPHN2ZyB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjEiIGlkPSJMYXllcl8xIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB4PSIwcHgiIHk9IjBweCINCgkgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUxMiA1MTIiIHhtbDpzcGFjZT0icHJlc2VydmUiPg0KPGc+DQoJPGc+DQoJCTxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0yNTYsMEwzMS41MjgsMTEyLjIzNnYyODcuNTI4TDI1Niw1MTJsMjI0LjQ3Mi0xMTIuMjM2VjExMi4yMzZMMjU2LDB6IE0yMzQuMjc3LDQ1Mi41NjRMNzQuOTc0LDM3Mi45MTNWMTYwLjgxDQoJCQlsMTU5LjMwMyw3OS42NTFWNDUyLjU2NHogTTEwMS44MjYsMTI1LjY2MkwyNTYsNDguNTc2bDE1NC4xNzQsNzcuMDg3TDI1NiwyMDIuNzQ5TDEwMS44MjYsMTI1LjY2MnogTTQzNy4wMjYsMzcyLjkxMw0KCQkJbC0xNTkuMzAzLDc5LjY1MVYyNDAuNDYxbDE1OS4zMDMtNzkuNjUxVjM3Mi45MTN6IiBmaWxsPSIjRkZGIi8+DQoJPC9nPg0KPC9nPg0KPGc+DQo8L2c+DQo8Zz4NCjwvZz4NCjxnPg0KPC9nPg0KPGc+DQo8L2c+DQo8Zz4NCjwvZz4NCjxnPg0KPC9nPg0KPGc+DQo8L2c+DQo8Zz4NCjwvZz4NCjxnPg0KPC9nPg0KPGc+DQo8L2c+DQo8Zz4NCjwvZz4NCjxnPg0KPC9nPg0KPGc+DQo8L2c+DQo8Zz4NCjwvZz4NCjxnPg0KPC9nPg0KPC9zdmc+DQo=" height="22">][crates-url]
[<img alt="crates.io" src="https://img.shields.io/crates/d/hostaddr?color=critical&logo=data:image/svg+xml;base64,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&style=for-the-badge" height="22">][crates-url]
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English | [简体中文][zh-cn-url]

</div>

## Overview

`hostaddr` provides type-safe, validated types for working with network host identifiers:

- **`Domain<S>`** -- A validated DNS domain name, with IDNA/punycode and percent-encoding support
- **`Host<S>`** -- Either a domain name or an IP address (v4/v6)
- **`HostAddr<S>`** -- A host with an optional port number (e.g. `example.com:8080`, `[::1]:443`)

All types are generic over their storage backend `S`, allowing you to choose the representation that best fits your use case -- from zero-alloc stack buffers (`Buffer`) to shared smart pointers (`Arc<str>`).

## Features

- **`no_std` and `no-alloc` compatible**: Use the `Buffer` type for stack-allocated domains without any heap allocation
- **Generic storage**: Works with `String`, `Arc<str>`, `Box<str>`, `Vec<u8>`, `SmolStr`, `Bytes`, and more
- **IDNA/Punycode support**: Automatic conversion of international domain names (e.g. `测试.中国` to punycode)
- **Type-safe validation**: Domain names are validated at construction time per RFC 1035 rules
- **Percent-encoding**: Transparent decoding of percent-encoded domains
- **IPv4/IPv6**: Full support for IP addresses, including proper `[::1]:port` bracket syntax
- **Serde**: Optional serialization/deserialization support
- **Fuzzing**: Built-in `arbitrary` and `quickcheck` generators for property-based testing

## Installation

```toml
[dependencies]
hostaddr = "0.2"
```

### Feature Flags

| Feature | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| **`std`** (default) | Standard library support, enables IDNA and percent-decoding |
| **`alloc`** | Allocation support without `std` |
| **`serde`** | Serialize/deserialize support |
| **`arbitrary`** | Fuzzing with `arbitrary` crate |
| **`cheap-clone`** | `CheapClone` trait for smart pointer types |
| **`smol_str`** | `SmolStr` storage support |
| **`bytes`** | `Bytes` storage support |
| **`triomphe`** | `triomphe::Arc` storage support |
| **`tinyvec`** | `TinyVec` storage support |
| **`smallvec`** | `SmallVec` storage support |

## Quick Start

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::HostAddr;

// Domain with port
let addr: HostAddr<String> = "example.com:8080".parse().unwrap();
assert!(addr.is_domain());
assert_eq!(addr.port(), Some(8080));

// IPv4 with port
let addr: HostAddr<String> = "127.0.0.1:3000".parse().unwrap();
assert!(addr.is_ipv4());

// IPv6 with port (bracket syntax)
let addr: HostAddr<String> = "[::1]:443".parse().unwrap();
assert!(addr.is_ipv6());
assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), "[::1]:443");

// International domain names (auto punycode)
let addr: HostAddr<String> = "测试.中国:80".parse().unwrap();
```

## Examples

### Working with Domains

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::Domain;

// Validated at construction -- invalid names are rejected
assert!(Domain::<String>::try_from("example.com").is_ok());
assert!(Domain::<String>::try_from("-invalid.com").is_err());

// International domain names are converted to punycode
let domain: Domain<String> = "测试.中国".parse().unwrap();
assert_eq!(domain.as_inner().as_str(), "xn--g6w251d.xn--fiqz9s");

// FQDN support
let domain: Domain<String> = "example.com.".parse().unwrap();
assert!(domain.is_fqdn());

// ASCII-only fast path (no punycode or percent-decoding)
let domain = Domain::try_from_ascii_str("example.com").unwrap();
```

### Choosing a Storage Type

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::HostAddr;
use std::sync::Arc;

// Heap-allocated String
let addr: HostAddr<String> = "example.com:8080".parse().unwrap();

// Shared ownership with Arc<str>
let addr: HostAddr<Arc<str>> = "example.com:8080".parse().unwrap();

// Byte storage
let addr: HostAddr<Vec<u8>> = "example.com".parse().unwrap();
```

### Stack-Allocated Domains (`no_std` / `no-alloc`)

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::{HostAddr, Buffer, Domain};

// No heap allocation -- 255-byte stack buffer
let domain: Domain<Buffer> = Domain::try_from("example.com").unwrap();
let addr: HostAddr<Buffer> = HostAddr::try_from("example.com:443").unwrap();
```

### Manipulating Addresses

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::HostAddr;

let mut addr: HostAddr<String> = "example.com".parse().unwrap();
addr.set_port(8080);
assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), "example.com:8080");

// Builder-style with default port
let addr = "example.com".parse::<HostAddr<String>>().unwrap()
    .with_default_port(443);
assert_eq!(addr.port(), Some(443));
```

### Verification Functions

```rust,ignore
use hostaddr::{verify_domain, verify_ascii_domain};

assert!(verify_domain(b"example.com").is_ok());
assert!(verify_domain("测试.中国".as_bytes()).is_ok());

assert!(verify_ascii_domain(b"example.com").is_ok());
assert!(verify_ascii_domain("测试.中国".as_bytes()).is_err());
```

#### License

`hostaddr` is under the terms of both the MIT license and the
Apache License (Version 2.0).

See [LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE), [LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) for details.

Copyright (c) 2025 Al Liu.

[Github-url]: https://github.com/al8n/hostaddr/
[CI-url]: https://github.com/al8n/hostaddr/actions/workflows/ci.yml
[doc-url]: https://docs.rs/hostaddr
[crates-url]: https://crates.io/crates/hostaddr
[codecov-url]: https://app.codecov.io/gh/al8n/hostaddr/
[zh-cn-url]: https://github.com/al8n/hostaddr/tree/main/README-zh_CN.md