heic 0.1.3

//! Inter prediction types and candidate derivation
//!
//! Core types for H.265 inter prediction: motion vectors, prediction unit motion,
//! merge/AMVP candidate lists, and motion compensation dispatch.

#![allow(dead_code)] // Phase 0: foundation types, used in subsequent phases

/// Maximum number of merge candidates (H.265 spec 8.5.3.2.2)
pub const MAX_NUM_MERGE_CAND: usize = 5;

/// Maximum number of reference pictures per list
pub const MAX_NUM_REF_PICS: usize = 16;

/// Motion vector in quarter-pel luma sample units
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct MotionVector {
    /// Horizontal component (1/4 luma sample precision)
    pub x: i16,
    /// Vertical component (1/4 luma sample precision)
    pub y: i16,
}

impl MotionVector {
    /// Zero motion vector
    pub const ZERO: Self = Self { x: 0, y: 0 };
}

/// Inter prediction direction
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[repr(u8)]
pub enum InterPredIdc {
    /// Prediction from reference list L0 only
    L0 = 1,
    /// Prediction from reference list L1 only
    L1 = 2,
    /// Bi-directional prediction (L0 + L1)
    Bi = 3,
}

impl InterPredIdc {
    /// Create from raw value
    pub fn from_u8(val: u8) -> Option<Self> {
        match val {
            1 => Some(Self::L0),
            2 => Some(Self::L1),
            3 => Some(Self::Bi),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    /// Whether this direction uses L0
    pub fn uses_l0(self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::L0 | Self::Bi)
    }

    /// Whether this direction uses L1
    pub fn uses_l1(self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, Self::L1 | Self::Bi)
    }
}

/// Decoded motion information for a prediction unit (final result after merge/AMVP)
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
pub struct PbMotion {
    /// Prediction flags: which reference lists are used \[L0, L1\]
    pub pred_flag: [bool; 2],
    /// Reference picture index in each list \[L0, L1\] (-1 = unused)
    pub ref_idx: [i8; 2],
    /// Motion vectors \[L0, L1\]
    pub mv: [MotionVector; 2],
}

impl PbMotion {
    /// Unavailable motion (no prediction)
    pub const UNAVAILABLE: Self = Self {
        pred_flag: [false, false],
        ref_idx: [-1, -1],
        mv: [MotionVector::ZERO, MotionVector::ZERO],
    };
}

/// Coded motion syntax for a prediction unit (pre-derivation)
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
pub struct PbMotionCoding {
    /// Reference indices \[L0, L1\]
    pub ref_idx: [i8; 2],
    /// Motion vector difference \[L0/L1\]\[x/y\]
    pub mvd: [[i16; 2]; 2],
    /// Inter prediction direction
    pub inter_pred_idc: u8,
    /// MVP flag for L0
    pub mvp_l0_flag: bool,
    /// MVP flag for L1
    pub mvp_l1_flag: bool,
    /// Merge mode flag
    pub merge_flag: bool,
    /// Merge candidate index (0..4)
    pub merge_idx: u8,
}

/// Prediction weight table from slice header (H.265 7.3.6.3)
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
pub struct PredWeightTable {
    /// Log2 weight denominator for luma
    pub luma_log2_weight_denom: u8,
    /// Log2 weight denominator for chroma (derived)
    pub chroma_log2_weight_denom: u8,
    /// Luma weight flag \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]
    pub luma_weight_flag: [[bool; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// Chroma weight flag \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]
    pub chroma_weight_flag: [[bool; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// Luma weight values \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]
    pub luma_weight: [[i16; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// Luma offset values \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]
    pub luma_offset: [[i16; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// Chroma weight values \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]\[Cb/Cr\]
    pub chroma_weight: [[[i16; 2]; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// Chroma offset values \[L0/L1\]\[ref_idx\]\[Cb/Cr\]
    pub chroma_offset: [[[i16; 2]; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
}

/// Constructed reference picture lists for a slice
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
pub struct RefPicLists {
    /// Number of active reference pictures per list \[L0, L1\]
    pub num_ref_idx_active: [u8; 2],
    /// DPB indices for each list entry \[L0/L1\]\[entry\] (-1 = unused)
    pub dpb_index: [[i8; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
    /// POC values for each list entry \[L0/L1\]\[entry\]
    pub poc: [[i32; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
}

// ── Merge candidate list derivation (H.265 8.5.3.2.2) ──────────────────

/// Collocated frame motion info for temporal MVP
pub struct CollocatedFrame<'a> {
    /// Motion vectors of the collocated frame
    pub mv_info: &'a [PbMotion],
    /// Prediction mode map of the collocated frame
    pub pred_mode: &'a [super::slice::PredMode],
    /// PU stride of the collocated frame
    pub pu_stride: u32,
    /// Min PU size of the collocated frame
    pub min_pu_size: u32,
    /// POC of the collocated frame
    pub poc: i32,
    /// Reference picture list POCs of the collocated frame
    pub ref_poc: [[i32; MAX_NUM_REF_PICS]; 2],
}

/// Context needed to derive motion vector candidates from the current picture.
/// This borrows the per-PU motion/pred-mode maps from SliceContext.
pub struct MvContext<'a> {
    /// Per-PU motion info (indexed by min_pu grid)
    pub mv_info: &'a [PbMotion],
    /// Per-PU prediction mode (indexed by min_pu grid)
    pub pred_mode: &'a [super::slice::PredMode],
    /// Stride of the PU maps (width / min_pu_size)
    pub pu_stride: u32,
    /// Minimum PU size in luma samples
    pub min_pu_size: u32,
    /// Picture width in luma samples
    pub pic_width: u32,
    /// Picture height in luma samples
    pub pic_height: u32,
    /// Current picture POC
    pub curr_poc: i32,
    /// Reference picture list POCs
    pub ref_pic_lists: &'a RefPicLists,
    /// Is this a B-slice?
    pub is_b_slice: bool,
    /// log2_parallel_merge_level
    pub log2_parallel_merge_level: u8,
    /// Collocated frame for temporal MVP (None if unavailable)
    pub collocated: Option<&'a CollocatedFrame<'a>>,
    /// CTB size for temporal MVP position validation
    pub ctb_size: u32,
    /// NoBackwardPredFlag: true when all reference pictures have POC <= currPOC
    /// (H.265 8.5.3.2.9 — selects collocated MV for bi-predicted blocks)
    pub no_backward_pred_flag: bool,
    /// collocated_from_l0_flag from slice header (H.265 8.5.3.2.9)
    pub collocated_from_l0_flag: bool,
}

impl MvContext<'_> {
    /// Get motion info at a luma sample position, or UNAVAILABLE if out of bounds
    fn get_motion(&self, x: i32, y: i32) -> PbMotion {
        if x < 0 || y < 0 || x as u32 >= self.pic_width || y as u32 >= self.pic_height {
            return PbMotion::UNAVAILABLE;
        }
        let px = x as u32 / self.min_pu_size;
        let py = y as u32 / self.min_pu_size;
        let idx = (py * self.pu_stride + px) as usize;
        if idx < self.mv_info.len() {
            self.mv_info[idx]
        } else {
            PbMotion::UNAVAILABLE
        }
    }

    /// Check if the position is inter-predicted (not intra/unavailable)
    fn is_inter(&self, x: i32, y: i32) -> bool {
        if x < 0 || y < 0 || x as u32 >= self.pic_width || y as u32 >= self.pic_height {
            return false;
        }
        let px = x as u32 / self.min_pu_size;
        let py = y as u32 / self.min_pu_size;
        let idx = (py * self.pu_stride + px) as usize;
        if idx < self.pred_mode.len() {
            matches!(
                self.pred_mode[idx],
                super::slice::PredMode::Inter | super::slice::PredMode::Skip
            )
        } else {
            false
        }
    }

    /// Check if two positions are in the same parallel merge region
    fn same_merge_region(&self, x0: u32, y0: u32, x1: i32, y1: i32) -> bool {
        if x1 < 0 || y1 < 0 {
            return false;
        }
        let shift = self.log2_parallel_merge_level;
        (x0 >> shift) == (x1 as u32 >> shift) && (y0 >> shift) == (y1 as u32 >> shift)
    }
}

/// Merge PU location parameters
pub struct MergePuParams {
    /// PU position x
    pub xp: u32,
    /// PU position y
    pub yp: u32,
    /// PU width
    pub w: u32,
    /// PU height
    pub h: u32,
    /// Partition index within CU
    pub part_idx: u8,
    /// Partition mode of the CU
    pub part_mode: super::slice::PartMode,
    /// Maximum merge candidates (from slice header)
    pub max_num_merge_cand: u8,
}

/// Derive merge candidate list (H.265 8.5.3.2.2)
///
/// Returns up to `max_num_merge_cand` candidates.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_lines)]
pub fn derive_merge_candidates(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    pu: &MergePuParams,
) -> [PbMotion; MAX_NUM_MERGE_CAND] {
    let mut cand = [PbMotion::UNAVAILABLE; MAX_NUM_MERGE_CAND];
    let mut count = 0usize;
    let max = pu.max_num_merge_cand as usize;
    let (xp, yp, w, h) = (pu.xp, pu.yp, pu.w, pu.h);

    // Spatial candidates: A1, B1, B0, A0, B2
    let a1_pos = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 + h as i32 - 1);
    let b1_pos = (xp as i32 + w as i32 - 1, yp as i32 - 1);
    let b0_pos = (xp as i32 + w as i32, yp as i32 - 1);
    let a0_pos = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 + h as i32);
    let b2_pos = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 - 1);

    // A1: left-bottom
    let a1_avail = ctx.is_inter(a1_pos.0, a1_pos.1)
        && !ctx.same_merge_region(xp, yp, a1_pos.0, a1_pos.1)
        && !is_second_pu_vertical(pu.part_idx, pu.part_mode);
    if a1_avail && count < max {
        cand[count] = ctx.get_motion(a1_pos.0, a1_pos.1);
        count += 1;
    }

    // B1: above-right
    let b1_avail = ctx.is_inter(b1_pos.0, b1_pos.1)
        && !ctx.same_merge_region(xp, yp, b1_pos.0, b1_pos.1)
        && !is_second_pu_horizontal(pu.part_idx, pu.part_mode);
    if b1_avail && count < max {
        let b1_motion = ctx.get_motion(b1_pos.0, b1_pos.1);
        if !a1_avail || !motion_eq(&cand[0], &b1_motion) {
            cand[count] = b1_motion;
            count += 1;
        }
    }

    // B0: above-right corner
    let b0_avail =
        ctx.is_inter(b0_pos.0, b0_pos.1) && !ctx.same_merge_region(xp, yp, b0_pos.0, b0_pos.1);
    if b0_avail && count < max {
        let b0_motion = ctx.get_motion(b0_pos.0, b0_pos.1);
        if !b1_avail || !motion_eq(&cand[count - 1], &b0_motion) {
            cand[count] = b0_motion;
            count += 1;
        }
    }

    // A0: left-bottom corner
    let a0_avail =
        ctx.is_inter(a0_pos.0, a0_pos.1) && !ctx.same_merge_region(xp, yp, a0_pos.0, a0_pos.1);
    if a0_avail && count < max {
        let a0_motion = ctx.get_motion(a0_pos.0, a0_pos.1);
        let a1_idx = if a1_avail { Some(0) } else { None };
        let dup = a1_idx.is_some_and(|i| motion_eq(&cand[i], &a0_motion));
        if !dup {
            cand[count] = a0_motion;
            count += 1;
        }
    }

    // B2: above-left corner (only if < 4 candidates so far)
    if count < 4 && count < max {
        let b2_avail =
            ctx.is_inter(b2_pos.0, b2_pos.1) && !ctx.same_merge_region(xp, yp, b2_pos.0, b2_pos.1);
        if b2_avail {
            let b2_motion = ctx.get_motion(b2_pos.0, b2_pos.1);
            let dup = (a1_avail && motion_eq(&cand[0], &b2_motion))
                || (b1_avail && count > 1 && motion_eq(&cand[1], &b2_motion));
            if !dup {
                cand[count] = b2_motion;
                count += 1;
            }
        }
    }

    // Temporal MVP candidate
    if count < max
        && let Some(tmvp) = derive_temporal_candidate_merge(ctx, xp, yp, w, h)
    {
        cand[count] = tmvp;
        count += 1;
    }

    // Combined bipredictive candidates (B-slices only, if count > 1 and < max)
    if ctx.is_b_slice && count > 1 && count < max {
        derive_combined_bipred_inplace(&mut cand, count, max, &mut count);
    }

    // Zero motion vector padding
    while count < max {
        let ref_idx = count.min(
            ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[0]
                .max(if ctx.is_b_slice {
                    ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[1]
                } else {
                    0
                })
                .saturating_sub(1) as usize,
        ) as i8;
        cand[count] = PbMotion {
            pred_flag: [true, ctx.is_b_slice],
            ref_idx: [
                ref_idx.min(ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[0] as i8 - 1),
                if ctx.is_b_slice {
                    ref_idx.min(ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[1] as i8 - 1)
                } else {
                    -1
                },
            ],
            mv: [MotionVector::ZERO, MotionVector::ZERO],
        };
        count += 1;
    }

    cand
}

/// Derive AMVP candidates (H.265 8.5.3.2.6 + 8.5.3.2.7)
///
/// Returns exactly 2 MVP candidates for the given reference list.
///
/// This follows the spec structure exactly:
/// - 8.5.3.2.7: derive spatial candidates (A and B)
/// - 8.5.3.2.6: build mvpListLX from A, B, temporal, zero padding
pub fn derive_amvp_candidates(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    xp: u32,
    yp: u32,
    w: u32,
    h: u32,
    ref_idx: i8,
    list_idx: u8,
) -> [MotionVector; 2] {
    let x = list_idx as usize; // current list index
    let y = 1 - x; // opposite list index

    let target_poc =
        if x < 2 && (ref_idx as usize) < ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[x] as usize {
            ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[x][ref_idx as usize]
        } else {
            ctx.curr_poc
        };

    // ── 8.5.3.2.7: Spatial candidate derivation ──────────────────────

    let mut avail_flag_a = false;
    let mut avail_flag_b = false;
    let mut mv_a = MotionVector::ZERO;
    let mut mv_b = MotionVector::ZERO;

    // --- A candidates (left neighbors) ---

    // Step 1: positions
    let a0 = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 + h as i32);
    let a1 = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 + h as i32 - 1);

    // Steps 3-4: availability
    let a0_avail = ctx.is_inter(a0.0, a0.1);
    let a1_avail = ctx.is_inter(a1.0, a1.1);

    // Step 5: isScaledFlagLX — set if ANY A neighbor is inter, regardless of match
    let is_scaled_flag = a0_avail || a1_avail;

    // Step 6: unscaled A (same POC match, same list X first, then opposite list Y)
    for &(ax, ay) in &[a0, a1] {
        if !avail_flag_a && ctx.is_inter(ax, ay) {
            let m = ctx.get_motion(ax, ay);
            if m.pred_flag[x] && m.ref_idx[x] >= 0 {
                let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[x][m.ref_idx[x] as usize];
                if ref_poc == target_poc {
                    avail_flag_a = true;
                    mv_a = m.mv[x];
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if m.pred_flag[y] && m.ref_idx[y] >= 0 {
                let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[y][m.ref_idx[y] as usize];
                if ref_poc == target_poc {
                    avail_flag_a = true;
                    mv_a = m.mv[y];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Step 7: scaled A (different POC, same list X first, then opposite list Y)
    // Only runs if step 6 found nothing.
    if !avail_flag_a {
        for &(ax, ay) in &[a0, a1] {
            if avail_flag_a {
                break;
            }
            if ctx.is_inter(ax, ay) {
                let m = ctx.get_motion(ax, ay);
                // Try same list X first
                if m.pred_flag[x] && m.ref_idx[x] >= 0 {
                    avail_flag_a = true;
                    mv_a = m.mv[x];
                    // Scale by POC distance
                    let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[x][m.ref_idx[x] as usize];
                    let dist_src = ctx.curr_poc - ref_poc;
                    let dist_dst = ctx.curr_poc - target_poc;
                    if dist_src != 0 && dist_src != dist_dst {
                        mv_a = scale_mv(mv_a, dist_src, dist_dst);
                    }
                } else if m.pred_flag[y] && m.ref_idx[y] >= 0 {
                    avail_flag_a = true;
                    mv_a = m.mv[y];
                    // Scale by POC distance
                    let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[y][m.ref_idx[y] as usize];
                    let dist_src = ctx.curr_poc - ref_poc;
                    let dist_dst = ctx.curr_poc - target_poc;
                    if dist_src != 0 && dist_src != dist_dst {
                        mv_a = scale_mv(mv_a, dist_src, dist_dst);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // --- B candidates (above neighbors) ---

    // Step 1: positions
    let b0 = (xp as i32 + w as i32, yp as i32 - 1);
    let b1 = (xp as i32 + w as i32 - 1, yp as i32 - 1);
    let b2 = (xp as i32 - 1, yp as i32 - 1);

    // Step 3: unscaled B (same POC match) — ALWAYS runs regardless of isScaledFlagLX
    for &(bx, by) in &[b0, b1, b2] {
        if !avail_flag_b && ctx.is_inter(bx, by) {
            let m = ctx.get_motion(bx, by);
            if m.pred_flag[x] && m.ref_idx[x] >= 0 {
                let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[x][m.ref_idx[x] as usize];
                if ref_poc == target_poc {
                    avail_flag_b = true;
                    mv_b = m.mv[x];
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if m.pred_flag[y] && m.ref_idx[y] >= 0 {
                let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[y][m.ref_idx[y] as usize];
                if ref_poc == target_poc {
                    avail_flag_b = true;
                    mv_b = m.mv[y];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Step 4: if no A neighbor was inter (isScaledFlagLX==0) and B found, copy B→A
    if !is_scaled_flag && avail_flag_b {
        avail_flag_a = true;
        mv_a = mv_b;
    }

    // Step 5: scaled B — only when isScaledFlagLX==0
    if !is_scaled_flag {
        avail_flag_b = false;
        // mv_b is reset implicitly — we set it below if found

        for &(bx, by) in &[b0, b1, b2] {
            if avail_flag_b {
                break;
            }
            if ctx.is_inter(bx, by) {
                let m = ctx.get_motion(bx, by);
                // Try same list X first
                if m.pred_flag[x] && m.ref_idx[x] >= 0 {
                    avail_flag_b = true;
                    mv_b = m.mv[x];
                    let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[x][m.ref_idx[x] as usize];
                    let dist_src = ctx.curr_poc - ref_poc;
                    let dist_dst = ctx.curr_poc - target_poc;
                    if dist_src != 0 && dist_src != dist_dst {
                        mv_b = scale_mv(mv_b, dist_src, dist_dst);
                    }
                } else if m.pred_flag[y] && m.ref_idx[y] >= 0 {
                    avail_flag_b = true;
                    mv_b = m.mv[y];
                    let ref_poc = ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[y][m.ref_idx[y] as usize];
                    let dist_src = ctx.curr_poc - ref_poc;
                    let dist_dst = ctx.curr_poc - target_poc;
                    if dist_src != 0 && dist_src != dist_dst {
                        mv_b = scale_mv(mv_b, dist_src, dist_dst);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // ── 8.5.3.2.6: Build MVP list ───────────────────────────────────

    let mut mvp = [MotionVector::ZERO; 2];
    let mut mvp_count = 0usize;

    // Step 2: if both A and B found and A != B, skip temporal MVP
    let skip_temporal = avail_flag_a && avail_flag_b && mv_a != mv_b;

    // Step 3: construct list
    if avail_flag_a {
        mvp[mvp_count] = mv_a;
        mvp_count += 1;
        if avail_flag_b && mv_a != mv_b {
            mvp[mvp_count] = mv_b;
            mvp_count += 1;
        }
    } else if avail_flag_b {
        mvp[mvp_count] = mv_b;
        mvp_count += 1;
    }

    // Temporal MVP candidate (skipped if both A and B found with different MVs)
    if mvp_count < 2
        && !skip_temporal
        && let Some(tmv) = derive_temporal_candidate_amvp(ctx, xp, yp, w, h, x, ref_idx)
        && (mvp_count == 0 || tmv != mvp[0])
    {
        mvp[mvp_count] = tmv;
        mvp_count += 1;
    }
    let _ = mvp_count;

    // Pad with zero MVs (already initialized to ZERO)
    mvp
}

/// Scale a motion vector by POC distance ratio (H.265 8.5.3.2.8)
pub fn scale_mv(mv: MotionVector, dist_src: i32, dist_dst: i32) -> MotionVector {
    if dist_src == 0 || dist_src == dist_dst {
        return mv;
    }
    let td = dist_src.clamp(-128, 127);
    let tb = dist_dst.clamp(-128, 127);
    let tx = (16384 + (td.abs() / 2)) / td;
    let scale = (tb * tx + 32) >> 6;
    let scale = scale.clamp(-4096, 4095);
    MotionVector {
        x: ((scale as i64 * mv.x as i64 + 127 + (if scale * (mv.x as i32) < 0 { 1 } else { 0 }))
            >> 8)
            .clamp(-32768, 32767) as i16,
        y: ((scale as i64 * mv.y as i64 + 127 + (if scale * (mv.y as i32) < 0 { 1 } else { 0 }))
            >> 8)
            .clamp(-32768, 32767) as i16,
    }
}

// ── Temporal MVP derivation (H.265 8.5.3.2.8 + 8.5.3.2.9) ─────────────

/// Compute the two collocated PU positions for temporal MVP (H.265 8.5.3.2.8)
///
/// Returns (bottom_right, center) positions, each aligned to 16-pixel grid.
/// bottom_right is None if the position is out of bounds or in a different CTB row.
/// center is always Some when a collocated frame exists.
#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
fn collocated_positions(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    xp: u32,
    yp: u32,
    w: u32,
    h: u32,
) -> (Option<(u32, u32)>, Option<(u32, u32)>) {
    if ctx.collocated.is_none() {
        return (None, None);
    }

    // Step 1: bottom-right corner (xPb+nPbW, yPb+nPbH)
    let br_x = xp + w;
    let br_y = yp + h;

    let ctb = ctx.ctb_size;
    let same_ctu_row = (br_y / ctb) == (yp / ctb);
    let in_bounds = br_x < ctx.pic_width && br_y < ctx.pic_height;

    let bottom_right = if same_ctu_row && in_bounds {
        Some(((br_x >> 4) << 4, (br_y >> 4) << 4))
    } else {
        None
    };

    // Step 2: center of PU (always available as fallback)
    let cx = xp + (w >> 1);
    let cy = yp + (h >> 1);
    let center = Some(((cx >> 4) << 4, (cy >> 4) << 4));

    (bottom_right, center)
}

/// Derive collocated motion vector for one reference list (H.265 8.5.3.2.9)
///
/// Given a collocated block, select the appropriate MV and scale it for list X with refIdxLX.
fn derive_collocated_mv(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    col_x: u32,
    col_y: u32,
    target_list: usize,
    ref_idx_lx: i8,
) -> Option<MotionVector> {
    let col = ctx.collocated.as_ref()?;

    let pu_x = col_x / col.min_pu_size;
    let pu_y = col_y / col.min_pu_size;
    let col_idx = (pu_y * col.pu_stride + pu_x) as usize;

    if col_idx >= col.mv_info.len() || col_idx >= col.pred_mode.len() {
        return None;
    }

    let col_pred = col.pred_mode[col_idx];
    if !matches!(
        col_pred,
        super::slice::PredMode::Inter | super::slice::PredMode::Skip
    ) {
        return None;
    }

    let col_motion = &col.mv_info[col_idx];

    // Select mvCol, refIdxCol, listCol per H.265 8.5.3.2.9
    let (mv_col, list_col, ref_idx_col) = if !col_motion.pred_flag[0] {
        // Only L1 predicted
        (col_motion.mv[1], 1usize, col_motion.ref_idx[1])
    } else if !col_motion.pred_flag[1] {
        // Only L0 predicted
        (col_motion.mv[0], 0usize, col_motion.ref_idx[0])
    } else {
        // Both L0 and L1 predicted
        if ctx.no_backward_pred_flag {
            // NoBackwardPredFlag=1: use same list as target (X)
            (
                col_motion.mv[target_list],
                target_list,
                col_motion.ref_idx[target_list],
            )
        } else {
            // Use N = collocated_from_l0_flag (N=1 when flag is true, N=0 when false)
            let n = ctx.collocated_from_l0_flag as usize;
            (col_motion.mv[n], n, col_motion.ref_idx[n])
        }
    };

    if ref_idx_col < 0 || ref_idx_col as usize >= MAX_NUM_REF_PICS {
        return None;
    }

    // Get POC distances
    let col_ref_poc = col.ref_poc[list_col][ref_idx_col as usize];
    let col_poc_diff = col.poc - col_ref_poc;

    let target_ref_poc =
        if (ref_idx_lx as usize) < ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[target_list] as usize {
            ctx.ref_pic_lists.poc[target_list][ref_idx_lx as usize]
        } else {
            return None;
        };
    let curr_poc_diff = ctx.curr_poc - target_ref_poc;

    // Scale if POC distances differ
    if col_poc_diff == curr_poc_diff {
        Some(mv_col)
    } else {
        Some(scale_mv(mv_col, col_poc_diff, curr_poc_diff))
    }
}

/// Derive temporal motion vector candidate for merge mode (H.265 8.5.3.2.2)
///
/// Returns a PbMotion with temporal MVPs for L0 (refIdx=0) and L1 (refIdx=0).
///
/// Per H.265 8.5.3.2.8: tries bottom-right corner first, then center of PU.
fn derive_temporal_candidate_merge(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    xp: u32,
    yp: u32,
    w: u32,
    h: u32,
) -> Option<PbMotion> {
    let (br, ctr) = collocated_positions(ctx, xp, yp, w, h);

    // Try bottom-right first, then center (H.265 8.5.3.2.8 step 1 & fallback)
    for col_pos in [br, ctr].into_iter().flatten() {
        let (col_x, col_y) = col_pos;
        let mut result = PbMotion::UNAVAILABLE;

        for target_list in 0..2usize {
            if target_list == 1 && !ctx.is_b_slice {
                continue;
            }
            if ctx.ref_pic_lists.num_ref_idx_active[target_list] == 0 {
                continue;
            }
            if let Some(mv) = derive_collocated_mv(ctx, col_x, col_y, target_list, 0) {
                result.pred_flag[target_list] = true;
                result.ref_idx[target_list] = 0;
                result.mv[target_list] = mv;
            }
        }

        if result.pred_flag[0] || result.pred_flag[1] {
            return Some(result);
        }
    }

    None
}

/// Derive temporal motion vector for AMVP (H.265 8.5.3.2.8)
///
/// Returns a single MV for list `target_list` with reference index `ref_idx_lx`.
///
/// Per H.265 8.5.3.2.8: tries bottom-right corner first, then center of PU.
fn derive_temporal_candidate_amvp(
    ctx: &MvContext<'_>,
    xp: u32,
    yp: u32,
    w: u32,
    h: u32,
    target_list: usize,
    ref_idx_lx: i8,
) -> Option<MotionVector> {
    let (br, ctr) = collocated_positions(ctx, xp, yp, w, h);

    // Try bottom-right first, then center (H.265 8.5.3.2.8 step 1 & fallback)
    for col_pos in [br, ctr].into_iter().flatten() {
        let (col_x, col_y) = col_pos;
        if let Some(mv) = derive_collocated_mv(ctx, col_x, col_y, target_list, ref_idx_lx) {
            return Some(mv);
        }
    }
    None
}

// ── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

/// Check if two PbMotion entries are identical (same pred flags, ref indices, MVs)
fn motion_eq(a: &PbMotion, b: &PbMotion) -> bool {
    a.pred_flag == b.pred_flag && a.ref_idx == b.ref_idx && a.mv[0] == b.mv[0] && a.mv[1] == b.mv[1]
}

/// Check if this is the second PU of a vertical split (for A1 discard)
fn is_second_pu_vertical(part_idx: u8, part_mode: super::slice::PartMode) -> bool {
    part_idx == 1
        && matches!(
            part_mode,
            super::slice::PartMode::PartNx2N
                | super::slice::PartMode::PartnLx2N
                | super::slice::PartMode::PartnRx2N
        )
}

/// Check if this is the second PU of a horizontal split (for B1 discard)
fn is_second_pu_horizontal(part_idx: u8, part_mode: super::slice::PartMode) -> bool {
    part_idx == 1
        && matches!(
            part_mode,
            super::slice::PartMode::Part2NxN
                | super::slice::PartMode::Part2NxnU
                | super::slice::PartMode::Part2NxnD
        )
}

/// Combined bipredictive merge candidates (H.265 8.5.3.2.4, Table 8-19)
/// Works in-place: `cand[0..orig_count]` are the spatial candidates,
/// new combined candidates are appended starting at `*count`.
fn derive_combined_bipred_inplace(
    cand: &mut [PbMotion; MAX_NUM_MERGE_CAND],
    orig_count: usize,
    max: usize,
    count: &mut usize,
) {
    // Combination table (l0_idx, l1_idx) from H.265 Table 8-19
    const COMB: [(usize, usize); 12] = [
        (0, 1),
        (1, 0),
        (0, 2),
        (2, 0),
        (1, 2),
        (2, 1),
        (0, 3),
        (3, 0),
        (1, 3),
        (3, 1),
        (2, 3),
        (3, 2),
    ];

    let max_comb = orig_count * (orig_count - 1);
    for &(l0i, l1i) in &COMB {
        if *count >= max {
            break;
        }
        if l0i >= orig_count || l1i >= orig_count {
            continue;
        }
        // l0Cand must have L0, l1Cand must have L1
        if !cand[l0i].pred_flag[0] || !cand[l1i].pred_flag[1] {
            continue;
        }
        // Different POCs or different MVs
        let same =
            cand[l0i].ref_idx[0] == cand[l1i].ref_idx[1] && cand[l0i].mv[0] == cand[l1i].mv[1];
        if same {
            continue;
        }
        cand[*count] = PbMotion {
            pred_flag: [true, true],
            ref_idx: [cand[l0i].ref_idx[0], cand[l1i].ref_idx[1]],
            mv: [cand[l0i].mv[0], cand[l1i].mv[1]],
        };
        *count += 1;
        if *count >= max || (l0i * orig_count + l1i) >= max_comb {
            break;
        }
    }
}