heartbit-core 2026.507.3

The Rust agentic framework — agents, tools, LLM providers, memory, evaluation.
Documentation
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
//! Context management strategy for long-running agent sessions.

use crate::llm::types::{
    CompletionRequest, ContentBlock, Message, ReasoningEffort, Role, ToolDefinition, ToolResult,
};

use super::token_estimator::{estimate_message_tokens, estimate_tokens};

/// Strategy for managing the context window.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum ContextStrategy {
    /// No trimming — all messages are sent (current default behavior).
    Unlimited,
    /// Keep first message + as many recent messages as fit in `max_tokens`.
    SlidingWindow {
        /// Maximum token budget for the sliding window.
        max_tokens: u32,
    },
}

/// Conversation context for an agent run.
pub(crate) struct AgentContext {
    system: String,
    messages: Vec<Message>,
    tools: Vec<ToolDefinition>,
    max_turns: usize,
    max_tokens: u32,
    current_turn: usize,
    context_strategy: ContextStrategy,
    reasoning_effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>,
}

impl AgentContext {
    pub(crate) fn new(
        system: impl Into<String>,
        task: impl Into<String>,
        tools: Vec<ToolDefinition>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            system: system.into(),
            messages: vec![Message::user(task)],
            tools,
            max_turns: 10,
            max_tokens: 4096,
            current_turn: 0,
            context_strategy: ContextStrategy::Unlimited,
            reasoning_effort: None,
        }
    }

    /// Create a context from pre-built content blocks (for multimodal messages).
    pub(crate) fn from_content(
        system: impl Into<String>,
        content: Vec<ContentBlock>,
        tools: Vec<ToolDefinition>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            system: system.into(),
            messages: vec![Message {
                role: Role::User,
                content,
            }],
            tools,
            max_turns: 10,
            max_tokens: 4096,
            current_turn: 0,
            context_strategy: ContextStrategy::Unlimited,
            reasoning_effort: None,
        }
    }

    /// Replace `ContentBlock::Image` and `ContentBlock::Audio` blocks in all
    /// messages except the last user message with text placeholders. Prevents
    /// large base64 payloads from accumulating in the conversation history.
    pub(crate) fn evict_media(&mut self) {
        // Find the index of the last user message
        let last_user_idx = self.messages.iter().rposition(|m| m.role == Role::User);

        for (i, msg) in self.messages.iter_mut().enumerate() {
            if Some(i) == last_user_idx {
                continue;
            }
            for block in &mut msg.content {
                match block {
                    ContentBlock::Image { .. } => {
                        *block = ContentBlock::Text {
                            text: "[image previously sent]".into(),
                        };
                    }
                    ContentBlock::Audio { .. } => {
                        *block = ContentBlock::Text {
                            text: "[audio previously sent]".into(),
                        };
                    }
                    _ => {}
                }
            }
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn with_max_turns(mut self, max_turns: usize) -> Self {
        self.max_turns = max_turns;
        self
    }

    pub(crate) fn with_max_tokens(mut self, max_tokens: u32) -> Self {
        self.max_tokens = max_tokens;
        self
    }

    pub(crate) fn with_context_strategy(mut self, strategy: ContextStrategy) -> Self {
        self.context_strategy = strategy;
        self
    }

    pub(crate) fn with_reasoning_effort(mut self, effort: Option<ReasoningEffort>) -> Self {
        self.reasoning_effort = effort;
        self
    }

    pub(crate) fn message_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.messages.len()
    }

    pub(crate) fn current_turn(&self) -> usize {
        self.current_turn
    }

    pub(crate) fn max_turns(&self) -> usize {
        self.max_turns
    }

    pub(crate) fn increment_turn(&mut self) {
        self.current_turn += 1;
    }

    pub(crate) fn add_assistant_message(&mut self, message: Message) {
        self.messages.push(message);
    }

    pub(crate) fn add_user_message(&mut self, text: impl Into<String>) {
        self.messages.push(Message::user(text));
    }

    pub(crate) fn add_tool_results(&mut self, results: Vec<ToolResult>) {
        self.messages.push(Message::tool_results(results));
    }

    /// Get the text from the last assistant message (avoids re-cloning the response).
    pub(crate) fn last_assistant_text(&self) -> Option<String> {
        self.messages.iter().rev().find_map(|m| {
            if m.role == Role::Assistant {
                let text: String = m
                    .content
                    .iter()
                    .filter_map(|b| match b {
                        ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                        _ => None,
                    })
                    .collect();
                Some(text)
            } else {
                None
            }
        })
    }

    /// Estimate total tokens across all messages.
    pub(crate) fn total_tokens(&self) -> u32 {
        self.messages
            .iter()
            .map(estimate_message_tokens)
            .sum::<u32>()
            + estimate_tokens(&self.system)
    }

    /// Check whether the context exceeds a token threshold and needs compaction.
    pub(crate) fn needs_compaction(&self, max_tokens: u32) -> bool {
        self.total_tokens() > max_tokens
    }

    /// Replace old messages with a summary, keeping the initial task context
    /// and the last `keep_last_n` messages.
    ///
    /// The summary is merged into the first user message to maintain the required
    /// alternating user/assistant role sequence (Anthropic API constraint).
    ///
    /// If there aren't enough messages to compact (first + keep_last_n >= total),
    /// this is a no-op.
    pub(crate) fn inject_summary(&mut self, summary: String, keep_last_n: usize) {
        // Extract the original task text from the first message
        let Some(first) = self.messages.first() else {
            return;
        };
        let original_task: String = first
            .content
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|b| match b {
                ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                _ => None,
            })
            .collect();

        inject_summary_into_messages(&mut self.messages, &original_task, &summary, keep_last_n);
    }

    /// Render all messages as a plain text transcript for summarization.
    pub(crate) fn conversation_text(&self) -> String {
        messages_to_text(&self.messages)
    }

    /// Return the messages that would be discarded by `inject_summary(keep_last_n)`.
    ///
    /// This is the "middle" of the message list (excluding first and last N messages).
    pub(crate) fn messages_to_be_compacted(&self, keep_last_n: usize) -> &[Message] {
        if self.messages.len() <= 1 + keep_last_n {
            return &[];
        }
        let tail_start = self.messages.len().saturating_sub(keep_last_n);
        // Middle = messages[1..tail_start]
        if tail_start <= 1 {
            return &[];
        }
        &self.messages[1..tail_start]
    }

    pub(crate) fn to_request(&self) -> CompletionRequest {
        let messages = match &self.context_strategy {
            ContextStrategy::Unlimited => self.messages.clone(),
            ContextStrategy::SlidingWindow { max_tokens } => {
                apply_sliding_window(&self.messages, *max_tokens)
            }
        };

        CompletionRequest {
            system: self.system.clone(),
            messages,
            tools: self.tools.clone(),
            max_tokens: self.max_tokens,
            tool_choice: None,
            reasoning_effort: self.reasoning_effort,
        }
    }
}

/// Inject a summary into a message list, replacing middle messages.
///
/// Keeps the original task from `messages[0]` and merges it with the summary
/// into a single User message. Then appends the last `keep_last_n` messages.
/// Adjusts the tail start to ensure User/Assistant alternation is preserved.
///
/// Shared between standalone (`AgentContext`) and durable (`AgentWorkflow`) paths.
pub fn inject_summary_into_messages(
    messages: &mut Vec<Message>,
    original_task: &str,
    summary: &str,
    keep_last_n: usize,
) {
    if messages.is_empty() {
        return;
    }
    let total = messages.len();
    // Need at least: first(1) + something_to_summarize(1) + keep_last_n
    if total <= 1 + keep_last_n {
        return;
    }

    let combined = Message::user(format!(
        "{original_task}\n\n[Previous conversation summary]\n{summary}"
    ));

    // Determine tail start, then adjust to maintain alternating User/Assistant roles.
    // After the combined User message, the tail must start with an Assistant message.
    let mut tail_start = total.saturating_sub(keep_last_n);
    // Guard: `tail_start > 1` because index 0 is the original first message being
    // replaced — including it in the tail would duplicate content. In valid conversations,
    // messages[1] is always Assistant (first LLM response after the user task), so
    // `tail_start == 1 && User` cannot occur with well-formed input.
    while tail_start < total && messages[tail_start].role == Role::User && tail_start > 1 {
        tail_start -= 1;
    }
    let last_messages: Vec<Message> = messages[tail_start..].to_vec();

    messages.clear();
    messages.push(combined);
    messages.extend(last_messages);
}

/// Render a message list as a plain text transcript for summarization.
///
/// Shared between standalone (`AgentContext`) and durable (`AgentWorkflow`) paths.
pub fn messages_to_text(messages: &[Message]) -> String {
    let mut parts = Vec::with_capacity(messages.len());
    for msg in messages {
        let role = match msg.role {
            Role::User => "User",
            Role::Assistant => "Assistant",
        };
        let text: String = msg
            .content
            .iter()
            .map(|b| match b {
                ContentBlock::Text { text } => text.as_str().into(),
                ContentBlock::ToolUse { name, input, .. } => {
                    format!("[Tool call: {name}({input})]")
                }
                ContentBlock::ToolResult { content, .. } => {
                    format!("[Tool result: {content}]")
                }
                ContentBlock::Image { media_type, .. } => {
                    format!("[Image: {media_type}]")
                }
                ContentBlock::Audio { format, .. } => {
                    format!("[Audio: {format}]")
                }
            })
            .collect::<Vec<String>>()
            .join(" ");
        parts.push(format!("{role}: {text}"));
    }
    parts.join("\n")
}

/// Apply sliding window to a message list: always keep the first message (initial task),
/// then include as many recent messages as fit within `max_tokens`.
///
/// Tool use/result pairs are kept together to avoid orphaned tool references.
///
/// Shared between standalone (`AgentContext`) and durable (`AgentWorkflow`) paths.
pub fn apply_sliding_window(messages: &[Message], max_tokens: u32) -> Vec<Message> {
    if messages.len() <= 1 {
        return messages.to_vec();
    }

    let first = &messages[0];
    let first_tokens = estimate_message_tokens(first);
    if first_tokens >= max_tokens {
        return vec![first.clone()];
    }

    let mut budget = max_tokens - first_tokens;
    let tail = &messages[1..];

    // Walk backward, accumulating messages. Keep tool_use/tool_result pairs together.
    let mut included_from = tail.len();
    let mut i = tail.len();
    while i > 0 {
        i -= 1;
        let msg = &tail[i];
        let msg_tokens = estimate_message_tokens(msg);

        // Check if this message is a tool_result (User with ToolResult blocks)
        // and the previous message is the corresponding tool_use (Assistant with ToolUse).
        // If so, they must be included together.
        let is_tool_result = msg.role == Role::User
            && msg
                .content
                .iter()
                .any(|b| matches!(b, ContentBlock::ToolResult { .. }));

        if is_tool_result && i > 0 {
            let prev = &tail[i - 1];
            let prev_tokens = estimate_message_tokens(prev);
            let pair_tokens = msg_tokens + prev_tokens;

            if pair_tokens <= budget {
                budget -= pair_tokens;
                i -= 1;
                included_from = i;
            } else {
                break;
            }
        } else if msg_tokens <= budget {
            budget -= msg_tokens;
            included_from = i;
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }

    let mut result = vec![first.clone()];
    result.extend_from_slice(&tail[included_from..]);
    result
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use serde_json::json;

    #[test]
    fn new_context_has_user_message() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("system", "do something", vec![]);
        let req = ctx.to_request();

        assert_eq!(req.system, "system");
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(req.messages[0].role, Role::User);
    }

    #[test]
    fn with_max_turns_overrides_default() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]).with_max_turns(5);
        assert_eq!(ctx.max_turns(), 5);
    }

    #[test]
    fn with_max_tokens_overrides_default() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]).with_max_tokens(8192);
        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.max_tokens, 8192);
    }

    #[test]
    fn default_max_tokens_is_4096() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.max_tokens, 4096);
    }

    #[test]
    fn turn_tracking() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        assert_eq!(ctx.current_turn(), 0);
        ctx.increment_turn();
        assert_eq!(ctx.current_turn(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn add_user_message_creates_user_message() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_user_message("follow up question");

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 2); // initial + added
        assert_eq!(req.messages[1].role, Role::User);
    }

    #[test]
    fn add_tool_results_creates_user_message() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("call-1", "result")]);

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 2);
        assert_eq!(req.messages[1].role, Role::User);
    }

    #[test]
    fn request_includes_tools() {
        let tools = vec![ToolDefinition {
            name: "search".into(),
            description: "Search".into(),
            input_schema: json!({"type": "object"}),
        }];
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", tools);
        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.tools.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(req.tools[0].name, "search");
    }

    #[test]
    fn default_is_unlimited() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        assert!(matches!(ctx.context_strategy, ContextStrategy::Unlimited));
    }

    #[test]
    fn unlimited_passes_all() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("response 1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("response 2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("response 3"));

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 4); // 1 user + 3 assistant
    }

    #[test]
    fn sliding_window_preserves_first() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "initial task", vec![])
            .with_context_strategy(ContextStrategy::SlidingWindow { max_tokens: 20 });

        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a".repeat(100)));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent"));

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        // First message must always be preserved
        assert_eq!(req.messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert!(
            req.messages[0]
                .content
                .iter()
                .any(|b| matches!(b, ContentBlock::Text { text } if text == "initial task"))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn sliding_window_trims_old() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![])
            .with_context_strategy(ContextStrategy::SlidingWindow { max_tokens: 50 });

        // Add many messages to exceed the window
        for i in 0..10 {
            ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant(format!("response {i} with some text")));
        }

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        // Should have fewer messages than the full 11
        assert!(req.messages.len() < 11);
        // First message always preserved
        assert_eq!(req.messages[0].role, Role::User);
    }

    #[test]
    fn sliding_window_keeps_tool_pairs() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![])
            .with_context_strategy(ContextStrategy::SlidingWindow { max_tokens: 200 });

        // Add a tool use + result pair
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message {
            role: Role::Assistant,
            content: vec![ContentBlock::ToolUse {
                id: "c1".into(),
                name: "search".into(),
                input: json!({"q": "test"}),
            }],
        });
        ctx.add_tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c1", "found it")]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("Based on the search results..."));

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        // Check that tool_use and tool_result are both present or both absent
        let has_tool_use = req.messages.iter().any(|m| {
            m.content
                .iter()
                .any(|b| matches!(b, ContentBlock::ToolUse { .. }))
        });
        let has_tool_result = req.messages.iter().any(|m| {
            m.content
                .iter()
                .any(|b| matches!(b, ContentBlock::ToolResult { .. }))
        });
        assert_eq!(
            has_tool_use, has_tool_result,
            "tool_use and tool_result must be kept together"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn sliding_window_single_message() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![])
            .with_context_strategy(ContextStrategy::SlidingWindow { max_tokens: 10 });

        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn needs_compaction_below_threshold() {
        let ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        assert!(!ctx.needs_compaction(10000));
    }

    #[test]
    fn needs_compaction_above_threshold() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        for _ in 0..50 {
            ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a".repeat(200)));
        }
        assert!(ctx.needs_compaction(100));
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_replaces_middle() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "initial task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("msg 1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("msg 2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("msg 3"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("msg 4"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("msg 5"));

        ctx.inject_summary("summary of earlier conversation".into(), 2);

        // Should have: combined_first(1) + last 2 = 3 messages
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages.len(), 3);
        // First message contains both original task and summary
        let first_text: String = ctx.messages[0]
            .content
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|b| match b {
                ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                _ => None,
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join("");
        assert!(first_text.contains("initial task"));
        assert!(first_text.contains("summary of earlier"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_preserves_first_and_last() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "first task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("old 1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("old 2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent 1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent 2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent 3"));

        ctx.inject_summary("compressed".into(), 3);

        // combined_first(1) + last 3 = 4
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages.len(), 4);
        // Last message should be "recent 3"
        assert!(
            ctx.messages[3]
                .content
                .iter()
                .any(|b| matches!(b, ContentBlock::Text { text } if text == "recent 3"))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_noop_few_messages() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("only one"));

        ctx.inject_summary("summary".into(), 4);

        // Not enough messages to compact (total=2, need > 1 + 4)
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages.len(), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_maintains_alternating_roles() {
        // After summarization, message roles must alternate (user/assistant)
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a3"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a4"));

        ctx.inject_summary("summary".into(), 2);

        // First message is User (combined task+summary)
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages[0].role, Role::User);
        // The remaining messages should start with assistant
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages[1].role, Role::Assistant);
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_adjusts_tail_when_starting_with_user() {
        // Regression: if keep_last_n tail starts with a User message (tool_result),
        // the combined User + User sequence violates the alternating-role invariant.
        // inject_summary must include the preceding Assistant to maintain alternation.
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a1"));
        ctx.add_tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c1", "result1")]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a2"));
        ctx.add_tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c2", "result2")]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a3"));
        // Messages: User, A, U(tool), A, U(tool), A
        // Total = 6, keep_last_n = 2 → tail_start = 4 → messages[4] = U(tool)
        // Without fix: combined(U) + U(tool) + A → role violation
        // With fix: combined(U) + A + U(tool) + A → correct alternation

        ctx.inject_summary("summary".into(), 2);

        // First must be User, second must be Assistant
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert_eq!(ctx.messages[1].role, Role::Assistant);
        // Verify alternation throughout
        for w in ctx.messages.windows(2) {
            assert_ne!(w[0].role, w[1].role, "adjacent messages have same role");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn total_tokens_grows_with_messages() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        let initial = ctx.total_tokens();

        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a".repeat(100)));
        assert!(ctx.total_tokens() > initial);
    }

    #[test]
    fn shared_inject_summary_preserves_alternation() {
        // Test the shared function directly (used by both standalone and Restate paths)
        let mut messages = vec![
            Message::user("original task"),
            Message::assistant("a1"),
            Message::tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c1", "result1")]),
            Message::assistant("a2"),
            Message::tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c2", "result2")]),
            Message::assistant("a3"),
        ];

        inject_summary_into_messages(&mut messages, "original task", "summary of conversation", 2);

        // First must be User (combined), then alternating
        assert_eq!(messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert_eq!(messages[1].role, Role::Assistant);
        for w in messages.windows(2) {
            assert_ne!(w[0].role, w[1].role, "adjacent messages have same role");
        }
        // Combined message contains both task and summary
        let first_text: String = messages[0]
            .content
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|b| match b {
                ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                _ => None,
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join("");
        assert!(first_text.contains("original task"));
        assert!(first_text.contains("summary of conversation"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_tail_start_near_beginning() {
        // With total = 4 and keep_last_n = 2, tail_start = 2.
        // messages[2] is Assistant (valid), so no role adjustment needed.
        // This tests the boundary near the start of the conversation.
        let mut messages = vec![
            Message::user("original task"),
            Message::assistant("first response"),
            Message::assistant("second response"),
            Message::assistant("third response"),
        ];

        inject_summary_into_messages(&mut messages, "original task", "summary", 2);

        // combined(User) + last 2 = 3 messages
        assert_eq!(messages.len(), 3);
        assert_eq!(messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert_eq!(messages[1].role, Role::Assistant);
        // Combined message has task + summary
        let first_text: String = messages[0]
            .content
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|b| match b {
                ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                _ => None,
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
            .join("");
        assert!(first_text.contains("original task"));
        assert!(first_text.contains("summary"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_content_creates_multimodal_message() {
        let content = vec![
            ContentBlock::Text {
                text: "describe this".into(),
            },
            ContentBlock::Image {
                media_type: "image/jpeg".into(),
                data: "base64data".into(),
            },
        ];
        let ctx = AgentContext::from_content("system", content, vec![]);
        let req = ctx.to_request();
        assert_eq!(req.messages.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(req.messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert_eq!(req.messages[0].content.len(), 2);
        assert!(matches!(
            &req.messages[0].content[1],
            ContentBlock::Image { .. }
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn evict_media_replaces_old_images_with_placeholder() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::from_content(
            "sys",
            vec![
                ContentBlock::Text {
                    text: "describe this".into(),
                },
                ContentBlock::Image {
                    media_type: "image/jpeg".into(),
                    data: "data1".into(),
                },
            ],
            vec![],
        );
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("It shows a cat."));
        // Add a second user message with another image (this is now the "last" user)
        ctx.messages.push(Message {
            role: Role::User,
            content: vec![ContentBlock::Image {
                media_type: "image/png".into(),
                data: "data2".into(),
            }],
        });

        ctx.evict_media();

        // First user message's image should be replaced
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.messages[0].content[1],
            ContentBlock::Text {
                text: "[image previously sent]".into()
            }
        );
        // Last user message's image should be preserved
        assert!(matches!(
            &ctx.messages[2].content[0],
            ContentBlock::Image { media_type, .. } if media_type == "image/png"
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn evict_media_replaces_old_audio_with_placeholder() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::from_content(
            "sys",
            vec![
                ContentBlock::Text {
                    text: "listen to this".into(),
                },
                ContentBlock::Audio {
                    format: "ogg".into(),
                    data: "audiodata1".into(),
                },
            ],
            vec![],
        );
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("I heard it."));
        ctx.messages.push(Message {
            role: Role::User,
            content: vec![ContentBlock::Audio {
                format: "mp3".into(),
                data: "audiodata2".into(),
            }],
        });

        ctx.evict_media();

        // First user message's audio should be replaced
        assert_eq!(
            ctx.messages[0].content[1],
            ContentBlock::Text {
                text: "[audio previously sent]".into()
            }
        );
        // Last user message's audio should be preserved
        assert!(matches!(
            &ctx.messages[2].content[0],
            ContentBlock::Audio { format, .. } if format == "mp3"
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn evict_media_noop_when_no_media() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("reply"));
        let msg_count = ctx.message_count();
        ctx.evict_media();
        assert_eq!(ctx.message_count(), msg_count);
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_empty_messages_is_noop() {
        let mut messages = vec![];
        inject_summary_into_messages(&mut messages, "task", "summary", 2);
        assert!(messages.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn inject_summary_while_loop_steps_back_to_assistant() {
        // The `while` loop (vs single `if`) ensures the tail always starts with
        // an Assistant message even when keep_last_n produces a tail starting with User.
        let mut messages = vec![
            Message::user("original task"),
            Message::assistant("a1"),
            Message::tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c1", "r1")]),
            Message::assistant("a2"),
            Message::tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c2", "r2")]),
            Message::assistant("a3"),
            Message::tool_results(vec![ToolResult::success("c3", "r3")]),
            Message::assistant("a4"),
        ];
        // total=8, keep_last_n=2 → tail_start=6 → messages[6]=U(tool) → step back
        // messages[5]=A → stop. Correct.
        inject_summary_into_messages(&mut messages, "original task", "summary", 2);

        assert_eq!(messages[0].role, Role::User);
        assert_eq!(messages[1].role, Role::Assistant);
        for w in messages.windows(2) {
            assert_ne!(w[0].role, w[1].role, "adjacent messages have same role");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn messages_to_be_compacted_returns_middle() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a3"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a4"));

        // total=5, keep_last_n=2 → tail_start=3 → middle=[1..3]
        let compacted = ctx.messages_to_be_compacted(2);
        assert_eq!(compacted.len(), 2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn messages_to_be_compacted_empty_when_few_messages() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("a1"));

        // total=2, 1 + keep_last_n=2 = 3 > 2 → empty
        let compacted = ctx.messages_to_be_compacted(2);
        assert!(compacted.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn messages_to_be_compacted_excludes_first_and_last() {
        let mut ctx = AgentContext::new("sys", "task", vec![]);
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("old1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("old2"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent1"));
        ctx.add_assistant_message(Message::assistant("recent2"));

        let compacted = ctx.messages_to_be_compacted(2);
        // Should contain old1 and old2 (indices 1,2), not task (0) or recent (3,4)
        for msg in compacted {
            let text: String = msg
                .content
                .iter()
                .filter_map(|b| match b {
                    ContentBlock::Text { text } => Some(text.as_str()),
                    _ => None,
                })
                .collect();
            assert!(
                text.starts_with("old"),
                "compacted messages should be old ones, got: {text}"
            );
        }
    }
}